Lesson

29Funnyornot??Part1:TextWhetherwefindajokefunnyornotlargelydependsonwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Thesenseofhumourismysteriouslyboundupwithnationalcharacteristics.AFrenchman,forinstance,mightfindithardtolaughataRussianjoke.Inthesameway,aRussianmightfailtoseeanythingamusinginajokewhichwouldmakeanEnglishmanlaughtotears.

Mostfunnystoriesarebasedoncomicsituations.Inspiteofnationaldifferences,certainfunnysituationshaveauniversalappeal.Nomatterwhereyoulive,youwouldfinditdifficultnottolaughat,say,CharlieChaplin'searlyfilms.However,anewtypeofhumour,whichstemslargelyfromAmerica,hasrecentlycomeintofashion.Itiscal1ed'sickhumour'.Comediansbasetheirjokesontragicsituationslikeviolentdeathorseriousaccidents.Manypeoplefindthissortofjokedistasteful.Thefollowingexampleof'sickhumour'willenableyoutojudgeforyourself.

AmanwhohadbrokenhisrightlegwastakentohospitalafewweeksbeforeChristmas.Fromthemomenthearrivedthere,hekeptonpesteringhisdoctortotellhimwhenhewouldbeabletogohome.HedreadedhavingtospendChristmasinhospital.Thoughthedoctordidhisbest,thepatient'srecoverywasslow.OnChristmasday,themanstillhadhisrightleginplaster.Hespent

amiserabledayinbedthinkingofallthefunhewasmissing.Thefollowingday,however,thedoctorconsoledhimbytellinghimthathischancesofbeingabletoleavehospitalintimeforNewYearcelebrationsweregood.Themantookheartand,sureenough,onNewYear'sEvehewasabletohobblealongtoaparty.Tocompensateforhisunpleasantexperiencesinhospital,themandrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.Intheprocess,heenjoyedhimselfthoroughlyandkepttellingeverybodyhowmuchhehatedhospitals.Hewasstillmumblingsomethingabouthospitalsattheendofthepartywhenheslippedonapieceoficeandbrokehisleftleg.

??Part2:Newwordsandexpression1.largely['la:d?li]ad.在很大程度上2.comic['k?mik]a.喜劇的，可笑的3.universal['ju:ni'v?:s?l]a.普遍的4.comedian[k?'mi:dj?n]n.滑稽演員，喜劇演員5.distasteful[dis'teistful]a.討厭的6.pester['pest?]v.一再要求，糾纏7.dread[dred]v.懼怕8.recovery[ri'k?v?ri]n.康復9.plaster['pla:st?]n.熟石膏10.console[k?n's?ul]v.安慰，慰問11.hobble['h?bl]v.瘸著腿走12.compensate['k?mpenseit]v.補償13.mumble['m?mbl]v.喃喃而語★largely['la:d?li]

ad.在很大程度上

同義詞：mostly,greatly,mainly例句：Hissuccessislargelyduetohisownhardwork.他的成功主要是靠他自己的努力。Ourcountryexportedlargelycorn.我國大規(guī)模出口玉米?！颿omic['k?mik]a.喜劇的，可笑的1.n.

連環(huán)圖畫；喜劇演員readacomic

看一本漫畫書sciencefictioncomic

科幻連環(huán)漫畫雜志2.adj.

有趣的；喜劇的comicbook

滑稽的書comiccharacter

喜劇人物例句：Theendingoftheplayiscomic.此劇的結局是喜劇的。Isawthechildreadingacomic.我看見那孩子在看一本漫畫書?！飖niversal['ju:ni'v?:s?l]a.普遍的almostuniversal

幾乎全是如此strikinglyuniversal

顯然有普遍意義例句：Overpopulationisauniversalproblem.

人口過多是全球性的問題?！颿omedian[k?'mi:dj?n]n.滑稽演員，喜劇演員stand-upcomedian

獨角滑稽秀演員例句：Thatcomedianalwayscracksmeup.

那個喜劇演員總是讓我發(fā)笑。★distasteful[dis'teistful]a.討厭的??dis前綴：dis作為前綴時有兩種意思，表示不同意，反對或者分開、分離。例句：Themedicineisdistastefulbutgoodforyou.這藥雖難吃,但對你身體有好處??Hewillbuyasetoftastefulfurniture.他將要買一套雅致的家具。★pester['pest?]v.一再要求，糾纏pestersomeonewithsomething

麻煩某人做某事...pestersomeonetodosomething

麻煩某人做某事...例句：Don'tpestermewithyourtrivialmatters.

別拿你那些雞毛蒜皮的事同我糾纏。★dread[dred]v.懼怕dreadthemoment

擔心(某事)會發(fā)生dreadsb./sth.懼怕某事例句：Theboydreadshisfather.這個孩子畏懼他的父親。Idreadthedog.

我害怕這條狗。Tomdreadedhisvisitstothedentist.湯姆非常怕看牙醫(yī)。★recovery[ri'k?v?ri]n.康復economicrecovery

經濟復蘇recoveryfrom

從…中恢復過來recoveryofthestolengoods

贓物的追回例句：Theownerhasofferedarewardfortherecoveryofthestolengoods.失主已經懸賞尋找被竊物品。Willthegovernment'spoliciesleadtoaneconomicrecovery?

政府的政策能使經濟復蘇嗎?★plaster['pla:st?]n.熟石膏plastercast

石膏模型plasterfigure

石膏像Hemixedupsomeplastertorepairthewall.他和了一些灰泥去補墻。He'sgothisleginaplastercast.他的腿打了石膏?！颿onsole[k?n's?ul]v.安慰，慰問consolesbagreatdeal

給某人很大的安慰consoleperfunctorily

敷衍了事地安慰Wetriedtoconsoleherwhenherdogdied.

她的狗死后,我們盡力安慰她。Theyperfunctorilyconsoledhimwithafewwords.

他們敷衍了事地安慰了他幾句?！飄obble['h?bl]v.瘸著腿走Theoldmanhobbledalong(theroad)withtheaidofhisstick.那老漢拄著拐杖一瘸一拐地走著。Ihurtmyfoot,andhadtohobblehome.

我的腳受了傷，只好一拐一拐地走回家?！颿ompensate['k?mpenseit]v.補償】1.compensateforsthNothingcancompensateforlosingmyhusband.我失去丈夫的損失是無法彌補的。Nothingcancompensateforthelossofone'shealth.失去健康是無法補償的。2.compensatesbforsth/v-ingThecompanycompensatedherfortheextrawork.公司對她所干的額外工作予以補償。3.compensatesthwithsthHecompensatedhishomelyappearancewithgreatpersonalcharm.他的個人魅力美化了他那其貌不揚的外表。Icompensatedhislosswithmoney.我賠償他的經濟損失?！飉umble['m?mbl]v.喃喃而語mumbleaway

不停地嘀咕例句：Shemumbledanapologyandleft.

她嘟嘟囔囔地道了歉就走了。??Part

3:Notesonthetext★Whetherwefindajokefunnyornotlargelydependsonwherewehavebeenbroughtup.1.whether引導名詞性從句用法：1）做主語時只能用whether。且一般位于句首

Whether?he?will?come?is?not?important.

2）if與whether都可以與or?not?連用，但后面與or?not連用?時只能用whether。We?didn't?know?whether?or?not?she?was?readyforthetrip.（此時只能用whether）?I?wanttoknow?whether/if?the?news?is?true?or?not.（此時則二者都可以用）2.depandon依靠于，取決于depandonone'sdoingsth./depandonsb.todosth3.bringup養(yǎng)大，撫養(yǎng)Iwasbroughtupbymygrandma.★Thesenseofhumourismysteriouslyboundupwithnationalcharacteristics.1.beboundwith和····聯系在一起，與·····有密切關系Thefutureofacountryisboundupwiththeeducationoftheyoung.一個國家的未來同年輕人所受教育密不可分。2.national1）adj.

民族的；國家的；國有的民族共同語

acommonnationallanguage

國有鐵路

anationalrailroad

2）n.

國民（復）nationals:全國性比賽.3.characteristics特征快速決定是他的特征。Quickdecisionischaracteristicofhim.

3.thesenseofhumour

幽默感★AFrenchman,forinstance,mightfindithardtolaughataRussianjoke.1.forinstance例如=forexample這里做插入語，不做句子成分2.it做形式賓語3.laughat嘲笑，笑★Inthesameway,aRussianmightfailtoseeanythingamusinginajokewhichwouldmake

anEnglishmanlaughtotears.1.inthesameway與此同時2.failtodosth未能做某事，未能做好某事neverfailtodosth雙重否定，表達肯定的含義3.語法結構which引導從句，用來解釋joke★Mostfunnystoriesarebasedoncomicsituations.1.most=themajorityof…

大多數…2.bebasedupon…

基于…Thisnewsreportisbasedentirelyonfact.這篇新聞報導是完全根據實際情況寫成的?！颕nspiteofnationaldifferences,certainfunnysituationshaveauniversalappeal.1.inspiteof盡管2.nationaldifferences民族差異time?differences?時差3.universalappeal普遍的吸引力universal（參考單詞解析）appeal

1）n.呼吁，吸引力Thesesubjectshavelosttheirappealformoststudents.對多數學生來說,這些學科已經失去了吸引力。havenoappealforsb引不起某人的興趣2）appealv.引起興致（吸引；上訴；求助，訴諸；懇求）appealtosb吸引某人，引起某人興趣appealforsth.呼吁某事；請求給予某物appealtosb.todosth.呼吁/懇求某人做某事appealtosb.forsth.呼吁/懇求某人提供某物appealagainst對…提出上訴/申訴（不服什么而上訴）appealagainstajudgement不服判決而上訴（makeanappeal

做出呼吁，上訴）appealtoacourt向法庭上訴appealtoforce訴諸武力makeanappealforsb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事

★Nomatterwhereyoulive,youwouldfinditdifficultnottolaughat,say,CharlieChaplin's

earlyfilms.1.語法結構：讓步狀語從句2.雙重否定（表肯定含義）-

difficultnotto★However,anewtypeofhumour,whichstemslargelyfromtheU.S.,hasrecentlycomeinto

fashion.1.anewtypeof新形式的····2.which用來說明anewtypeofhumour3.stemfrom

源自,起源于=comefrom出身于,由...引起,是...的結果,是在...生長大的=arisefrom由...而引起,由...而產生=originatefrom由某人發(fā)起(首創(chuàng))例句：他腿上的病是由一處舊槍傷引起的。

Hislegtroublestemsfromanoldguninjury.4.comeintofation開始流行起來=comeinpopulationcomeintopower開始掌權★Itiscalled‘sickhumour’.Comediansbasetheirjokesontragicsituationslikeviolentdeathorseriousaccidents.Manypeoplefindthissortofjokedistasteful.basesthonsth基于···的基礎上

★Thefollowingexampleof‘sickhumour’willenableyoutojudgeforyourself.1.following+名詞前置名詞+followed后置2.enablesb.todosth使某人做某事★AmanwhohadbrokenhisrightlegwastakentohospitalafewweeksbeforeChristmas.Fromthemomenthearrivedthere,hekeptonpesteringhisdoctortotellhimwhenhe

wouldbeabletogohome.HedreadedhavingtospendChristmasinhospital.1.betakento被送到，被動語態(tài)2.fromthemoment+時間點（表時刻或者時刻的句子）3.keepondoingsth持續(xù)保持做某事，不間斷的4.dreaddoingsth=dreadtodosth（見單詞解析）★Thoughthedoctordidhisbest,thepatient'srecoverywasslow.OnChristmasDay,themanstillhadhisrightleginplaster.Hespentamiserabledayinbedthinkingofallthefunhewasmissing.1.doone'sbest盡了最大的努力Theteacherwilltryhisbesttotachingwell.2.spendtimeindoingsth花費時間做某事Jerryspentonhourindrawingthepicturelastnight.3.Miserable

adj.痛苦的,悲慘的,可憐Amiserableday=aterribleday4.thinkof

考慮,設想,想象

WhenIsawyouIthoughtofmysisterthinkofdoingsth

Heisthinkingofsettingaschool.★Thefollowingday,however,thedoctorconsoledhimbytellinghimthathischancesofbeing

abletoleavehospitalintimeforNewYearcelebrationsweregood.1.by通過···方式Igotoschoolbycar.2.Chance

在表達“機會”這個概念的時候,經常采用復數形式。chancetodo和chanceofdoing幾乎沒有什么區(qū)別★Themantookheartand,sureenough,onNewYear'sEvehewasabletohobblealongtoa

party.1.takeheart充滿信心，打起精神takeheartfromsth因為某事充滿信心??loseheart失去信心2.sureenough插入語，不充當句子成分3.hobblealong（詳見單詞解析）★Tocompensateforhisunpleasantexperiencesinhospital,themandrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforpensate（見單詞解析）2.morethan多于，超出···3.begoodforsb.對······有益★Intheprocess,heenjoyedhimselfthoroughlyandkepttelli