2022年遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市市第一〇四高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.Itisn’tclear_______thegovernmentwilldotoendtheconflictstakingplaceinthenorthcities.A.how

B.which

C.that

Dwhat參考答案：D2.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark________youhaveaquestion.A.atwhich B.where C.theplacewhere

D.theplaceatwhich參考答案：B10.—CanyoulendmethebookGonewiththeWind?—Sorry.Ireturnedittothelibraryjustnow.Maybeitisstill______.A.availableB.affordableC.acceptableD.valuable參考答案：A略4.Aftertakingthemedicine,thepatientgot_______andcouldgoouttowalk.

A.protection

B.relief

C.safety

D.defense參考答案：B5.Thomaswantstoknow______Ninalives.A.where

B.who

C.what

D.if

參考答案：6.Everyoneintheclassisexpectedto____________inthediscussion.A．participate

B．a(chǎn)ttend

C．donate

D．declare參考答案：A7.---I’dliketogotothemoviewithyou,Dad.---Sorry,myson.Butonlythegrown-upsare_____intothecinema.A.designed

B.intended

C.admitted

D.contained參考答案：C8._______Imethim,hewasworkingasasecretaryinabigcompany.A.Everytime

B.Thefirsttime

C.Forthefirsttime

D.Nexttime參考答案：B9._______ourteacherwillallow_______earlyafterexamination?

A.Whodoyouthink;leaving

B.Whodoyouthink;toleave

C.Doyouthinkwho;leaving

D.Doyouthinkwho;toleave參考答案：B10.Don’tsayanymore;weallbelievethefactsratherthanyourwords.Whatyouhaveexplaineddoesn’tmake_______.Asense

Bfun

Cuse

Dmeaning參考答案：A11.Shewas________mayorofthecityforwhatshehaddoneforthepublic.A．a(chǎn)bsorbed

B．a(chǎn)ppointed

C．a(chǎn)ppealed

D.applied參考答案：B12.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone____.A.blamed

B.blaming

C.toblame

D.tobeblamed

參考答案：C13.We thejob fivepartsandeachmandidonepart.A.divided,into B.separated,into C.divided,from D.separated,from參考答案：A14.Ofthe1000youngpeople___lastmonth,85%werefound____inADSpreventionknowledge.A.surveyed;lackingB.surveying;lackC.beingsurveyed;tolackD.surveyed;lacked參考答案：A30.Doctorsshouldtakespecialcarewhentreatingchildrenbecausetheirbreathingrateisdifferentfrom_____ofadults.A.one

B.those

C.that

D.someKs5u

參考答案：C略16.--______thesceneryhereissoimpressive,whynotstayabitlonger?

--That’sagoodidea.

A.Evenif B.Asthough C.Eversince D.Nowthat參考答案：D17.---Whydidn’tyoutellmethenewsofthemeeting?--Iknewnothingaboutit,orI_______you.A.wouldtell

B.hadtold

C.told

D.wouldhavetold參考答案：D二、新的題型18.UrbanizationUntillyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeinglivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.__36_Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.__37__Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(遷徙)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1900,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__38__Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__39__Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplus（過(guò)剩）foodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__40__Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B．Therestliveinsmalltowns.C．TheeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsideredD．Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E．Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F．Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G．Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.參考答案：36-40．EDBAF試題解析：本文主要講闡述了城市化進(jìn)程的出現(xiàn)、制約因素、發(fā)展、影響等。36．考查上下文的理解判斷能力。根據(jù)第一段第二句Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5500yearsago可知第一個(gè)城市大約出現(xiàn)在5500年前，第四句說(shuō)明直到20世界，英國(guó)才成為首個(gè)城市化社會(huì)。因此此段是以時(shí)間為序說(shuō)明世界上城市化的萌芽。再者選項(xiàng)E與下文infact后表達(dá)的內(nèi)容以不同的角度表達(dá)同樣的內(nèi)容。故選E。37．考查上下文的理解判斷能力。本段第一句提出英國(guó)（城市化）僅僅是個(gè)開(kāi)始，后又說(shuō)城市化的進(jìn)程是現(xiàn)代化的結(jié)果。推測(cè)本段大意是城市化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展與原因。故選D。38．考查上下文的理解判斷能力。本段通過(guò)數(shù)字對(duì)比說(shuō)明美國(guó)的城市化。此題上文指出美國(guó)82%的人口住在城市，只有2%生活在農(nóng)場(chǎng)。B選項(xiàng)說(shuō)明剩下的人口（住在小鎮(zhèn)上）。故選B。39．考查上下文的理解判斷能力。本段第一句提出直到農(nóng)業(yè)工業(yè)化，大城市才可能出現(xiàn)，因此本段主要說(shuō)明城市化進(jìn)程中的制約因素。本題上文提到即使是在先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)中，95個(gè)農(nóng)民才能養(yǎng)活5個(gè)城市人。因此城市的規(guī)模都很小。故選A。40．考查上下文的理解判斷能力。最后一段第一句指出工業(yè)革命打破了城市和鄉(xiāng)村的平衡，所以本段主要說(shuō)明工業(yè)革命對(duì)城市化的影響。本題下文又說(shuō)養(yǎng)活5個(gè)城市人不在需要95個(gè)農(nóng)民，一個(gè)美國(guó)農(nóng)民能養(yǎng)活100多個(gè)城市人?？梢钥闯鲛r(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)力更強(qiáng)了。故選F。三、閱讀理解19.Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.

Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicschoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated（展示）asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts.

Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.

“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnerveceils.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”

Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(頭皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.

Prof.Milan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”

Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.

64.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A.helptoupdatecomputersystems

B.helpthedisabledtorecoverC.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputers