課前候背1.

________________n.可供選擇的事物2.

_______________n.不足;缺少;短缺3.____________________________包括;包含;由...組成(或構(gòu)成)4.

_________________n.想象；視力；視野5.

_________________________adj.傳統(tǒng)的:習(xí)慣的6.

___________________adj.熱切的;十分強(qiáng)烈的;激烈的7.

_________________adj.本國(guó)的;國(guó)內(nèi)的;家用的;家庭的8.

_________________vt.使相信;使確信;說(shuō)服9.

_________________n.假定；設(shè)定10.

____________________n.現(xiàn)實(shí);實(shí)際情況;事實(shí)11.

___________________n.vt擴(kuò)大；增加12.

____________________adj.分布廣的;普遍的;廣泛的13.___________________相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流14.

_____________________adj.完全必要的;極其重要的15.__________________把....用于;:獻(xiàn)身;致力;專心alternativeshortagebecomprisedofvisionconventionalintensedomesticconvinceassumptionrealityexpandwidespreadinturnessentialdevote...toNounClauseUnit5

WorkingtheLand從句名詞性從句形容詞性從句:定語(yǔ)從句:狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句副詞性從句Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.

Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

名詞性從句的分類探究發(fā)現(xiàn)①However,whatconcernedhimmostwasthat

farmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimes

evenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.②Howthiscouldbedonewasachallenging

questionatthetime.③However,whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofselfpollinatingplantssuchasrice

wasamatterofgreatdebate.④Today,itisestimatedthatabout60percent

ofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinais

comprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan's

hybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowed

China'sfarmerstoproducearound200

milliontonnesofriceperyear.⑤

WhatimpressedpeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingwashisongoingabilitytofulfilhis

dreams.[我的發(fā)現(xiàn)](1)以上紅體部分在句中作________(2)①⑤句中的what在從句中作_________(3)②句中的how在從句中作__________③句中的whether意為：_______(4)④句中it是__________,正真的___________是后面的that引導(dǎo)的從句。主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)是否形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)一、主語(yǔ)從句的定義如果一個(gè)從句在句子中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)從句就是主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句通常放在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，有時(shí)也由形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。語(yǔ)法精析探尋規(guī)律1：

主語(yǔ)從句

主謂一致

問(wèn)題1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken

______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest________unknown.4.Whathewantsmost_________stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，大多數(shù)使用_______(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)由兩個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)同一個(gè)主從，謂動(dòng)使用____(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)主語(yǔ)為and連接的兩個(gè)主從時(shí)，謂動(dòng)使用____(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)what在主從中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)由______決定單復(fù)數(shù)(主語(yǔ)？表語(yǔ)？)單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)表語(yǔ)isisareis

areCompletethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,

when,

who,why,how

or

that.1.(_____isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(_______________wewillgotomorrow)hasn’t

beendecidedyet.2.(__________theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.4.(____canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(_____theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhatWhere/WhetherWhoWhetherThat6.(______theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.WhyWhen/How主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用_________語(yǔ)序。1.Wherewewillhaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Wherewillwehaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.2.Howwegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Howdowegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.Rule3陳述句√√××探尋規(guī)律2：

主語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序Thatallcountriesworktogetherisimportant.

探尋規(guī)律3：

主語(yǔ)從句太長(zhǎng)怎么辦？用一個(gè)

It

來(lái)解決問(wèn)題！

Itisimportantthatallcountriesworktogether.

It＋be＋形容詞/名詞短語(yǔ)/過(guò)去分詞/不及物動(dòng)詞＋that從句Itiscertainthat

themedicinewillnotbringaboutsideeffect,becausethousandofpatientshavetakenit.形容詞(necessary/likely/important/certain等名詞(短語(yǔ))(apity/ashame/nowonder等)Itisapitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.It’ssaidthat

hehasgonetoShanghai.過(guò)去分詞(said/told/reported等)Itappearsthatheisworryingaboutsomething不及物動(dòng)詞(seem,appear,happen,matter等)1)Itis/系動(dòng)詞+adj.+從句常見(jiàn)的形容詞有：

It’scertainthat…肯定…

Itispossiblethat...可能……

Itis(un)likelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明顯…

Itis

necessary/important/natural/clear/right/strange/surprising/interesting/essential/...that…_________________(可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow._______________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat2)Itis/系動(dòng)詞+n.+從句

Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…

Itisafact/aproblem/awonder/anhonner/asurprise/nowonder難怪/goodnews/agoodthing/aquestion/that……是事實(shí)

Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識(shí)_______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.______________(這是事實(shí))hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat3)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句Itissaid/told/heardthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……

Itiswellknowntoall...眾所周知……Itisreported/announced...據(jù)報(bào)道……Itisfoundout...

據(jù)查明......Itisestimated...據(jù)估計(jì)……Itisbelieved//hoped/thought/considered...人們相信……Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...人們建議……Itmustbeadmitted…必須承認(rèn)……Itcannotbedenied…不可否認(rèn)……

Itmustbepointedout…需指出的是……*_________________(據(jù)報(bào)道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*__________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat4)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+從句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…

Itseems/appearsthat...看起來(lái)...*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosendtheletter.ItoccurredtomethatItisveryimportantthatastudent(should)learnEnglishwell.學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.有人建議會(huì)議延期召開(kāi)。Itdependsontheweatherwhethertheyaregoingshoppingtoday.他們今天是否去購(gòu)物還得看天氣情況。Forexample，itcanbeprovedthatChinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountryintheworld.舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，中國(guó)人口比世界上其他任何國(guó)家的人口都多，這是可以得到證實(shí)的。Itisnowonderthatyourstudentshavemadesuchgreatprogress.難怪你的學(xué)生們進(jìn)步這么大。二、主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞類別例詞說(shuō)明從屬連詞that，whether兩者在從句中均不作成分，只起連接作用；that無(wú)實(shí)義，whether表示“是否”。連接代詞who，what，which，whoever，whatever等在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。連接副詞when，where，how，why等在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)等成分。________________ismorewater.(連接代詞what在從句中作need的賓語(yǔ))我們需要的是更多的水。_____________________________________________dependsonthetraffic.我們是否能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里由交通情況而定。______________________willtakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.延遲的航班什么時(shí)候起飛主要取決于天氣狀況。________________________________________________wasneverclear.誰(shuí)都不清楚那個(gè)人為什么沒(méi)更早一點(diǎn)報(bào)告那起事故。______________________________________isstillunknown.這封信是誰(shuí)寄的尚不清楚。WhatweneedWhetherwecanarrivethereontimeWhenthedelayedflightWhythemanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsoonerWhotheletterwasfrom考點(diǎn)警示1.從句的語(yǔ)序：在任何情況下，主語(yǔ)從句都用陳述語(yǔ)序。_________________________________willgettheprize.你們誰(shuí)第一個(gè)到達(dá)這里誰(shuí)就獲獎(jiǎng)。2.主謂一致(1)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)形式；但what和who引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，有時(shí)主句謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)應(yīng)與主句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞保持一致。______________________________________________hasnotbeendecided.我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒(méi)有確定。______________________________________arebooks.他們需要的是書(shū)。WhicheverofyougetsherefirstWhenweshallhaveoursportsmeetingWhattheyneed(2)如果由and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。________________________________________havenotbeendecidedyet.他們什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身以及要去哪里還沒(méi)定下來(lái)。_________________________________isastoryofstruggleandsuccess.他如何及為什么來(lái)到這個(gè)城市是一個(gè)充滿奮斗和成功的故事。Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo

Howandwhyhecametothiscity3.whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，如果用了形式主語(yǔ)it，引導(dǎo)詞whether可以換成if。如果whether從句在句首或后面有ornot時(shí)，不能用if替換。Whethergenetically-modifiedfooddoesusharmremainstobeseen.＝Itremainstobeseenwhether/ifgenetically-modifiedfooddoesusharm.轉(zhuǎn)基因食物對(duì)我們是否有害有待觀察。4.引導(dǎo)詞that在主語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，也沒(méi)有含義，不可以省略；what在主語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或者定語(yǔ)，有具體的含義。Whatcausedtheaccidentwasamanlyingontheground.引起這起事故的是一個(gè)躺在地上的男人。Thatshewasattheentrancetothecinemathenwasabigsurprisetome.她當(dāng)時(shí)在電影院入口處對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一件讓我大吃一驚的事。返回定義主語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞形式主語(yǔ)主謂一致總結(jié)

作用，位置

從屬連詞，連接代詞，連接副詞

單個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句-單數(shù)多個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句-復(fù)數(shù)

It＋be＋形容詞/名詞短語(yǔ)/過(guò)去分詞/不及物動(dòng)詞＋that從句語(yǔ)序

陳述語(yǔ)序連接詞1.從屬連詞2.連接代詞3.連接副詞Nounclause類型和功能1.主語(yǔ)從句（主語(yǔ)）2.賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)）3.表語(yǔ)從句（表語(yǔ)）4.同位語(yǔ)從句（同位語(yǔ)）注意事項(xiàng)1.陳述語(yǔ)序2.主謂一致3.whether/if區(qū)別SummarizeDefinition:名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)可以在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。當(dāng)這些名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)由一個(gè)句子替代時(shí)，就是名詞性從句。名詞性從句是在句子中起名詞作用的句子。根據(jù)在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，可以分為四類。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Everyyear，

makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.2.Itisoftenthecase

anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.3.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.

youcandohelps.4.

weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.5.

LiBai，agreatChinesepoet，wasbornisknowntothepublic，butsomewon’tacceptit.6.Exactly

thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain，butitwasprobablyaround1565.達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練whoeverthatWhateverHowWherewhenⅡ.完成句子7.

inhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreaders.文章中他所提及的內(nèi)容一般讀者不知道。8.Thevillagershavealreadyknown

isrebuildingthebridge.村民們已經(jīng)知道我們要做的事是重建這座橋。9.Itmatterslittle

，but

ishowhelives.一個(gè)人怎么死的不太重要，但更重要的是他是如何活著的。Whathereferredtowhatwe’lldohowapersondieswhatmattersmuchmore10.

whetherthenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.新組建的委員會(huì)的政策是否會(huì)付諸實(shí)施還有待觀察。11.

breaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.你們當(dāng)中無(wú)論哪一個(gè)打破窗戶都必須賠償。返回ItremainstobeseenWhicheveroneofyouHomework1.[2020.全國(guó)Ⅱ卷]It’sbeenreported__________76%employeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.2.(2019全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.3.(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)I’mnotsure________ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.4.[2020.江蘇卷]Itisnotaproblem________wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.5.[2019.全國(guó)Ⅰ卷]_______youneedisagreatteacherwhol