Day13班級(jí)____________學(xué)號(hào)____________姓名____________得分____________（時(shí)間:50分鐘分值：58分）序號(hào)題型內(nèi)容1閱讀理解如何通過研究人類基因突變追蹤人類起源和遷徙的問題。2七選五如何處理學(xué)業(yè)壓力帶來的影響提出了建議3語法填空講述了90后視頻博主李子柒傳播傳統(tǒng)文化的勵(lì)志故事4書面表達(dá)關(guān)于一次環(huán)?；顒?dòng)的日記Part1閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分）（2021·吉林吉林市·高三月考）ItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.Inbetweenisanexcitingtaleofsurvival,movement,isolation,andconquest,mostofitoccurringbeforerecordedhistory.WhowerethosefirstmodernpeopleinAfrica?Whatroutesdidtheytakewhentheylefttheirhomecontinent60,000yearsagotoexpandintoEuropeandAsia?WhenandhowdidhumansreachtheAmericas?Fordecades,theonlyproofwasfoundinasmallnumberofscatteredbonesandartifactsthatourancestorsleftbehindontheirjourneys.Inthepast20years,however,DNAtechnologieshaveallowedscientiststofindarecordofancienthumanmigrationsintheDNAoflivingpeople.“Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,”sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.Thehumangeneticcode,orgenome,is99.9percentidenticalthroughouttheworld.ButwhilethebulkofourDNAisthesame,what’sleftisresponsibleforourindividualdifferences—ineyecolorordiseaserisk,forexample.Onveryrareoccasions,asmallchange,calledamutation,canoccur,whichisthenpasseddowntoallofthatperson’sdescendants.Generationslater,findingthatsamemutationintwopeople'sDNAindicatesthattheysharethesameancestor.Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.Theseancientmutationsareeasiesttotrackintwoplaces:inDNAthatispassedfrommothertochild(calledmitochondrialDNA,ormtDNAforshort),andinDNAthattravelsfromfathertoson(knownastheYchromosome,thepartofDNAthatdeterminesachildwillbeaboy).BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.1．Thebesttitleforthisreadingcouldbe________.A．Exploringhumanhistory B．FindingDNAdifferencesC．Makingabiologyexperiment D．DiscoveringancestryinDNA2．WhatcanweinferfromthequoteofSpencerWellsinParagraph3?A．Adropofbloodcontainsgeneticinformationthatcantellaperson’sancestralhistory.B．TheorganizationofinformationinahistorybookissimilartotheorganizationofDNAwithinagene.C．EverydropofbloodcontainsenoughDNAinformationtofillmanyhistorybooks.D．Althoughpeoplespeakdifferentlanguages,allhumanbloodcontainsthesamelanguage.3．Theunderlinedword“bulk”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A．thelargesize B．themainpartC．theweightorshape D．thequantity4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothereading?A．TheearliestpeoplearesaidtooriginatefromAfricaandspreadacrosstheworld.B．Scientistshavefoundwaystodeterminewhetherpeoplesharethesameancestor.C．HumanDNAremainsthesameaswhatispasseddownfromtheirancestors.D．ComparingmtDNAandYchromosomescanhelpidentifyhumanmigrations.Part2七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）（2021·南昌縣蓮塘第二中學(xué)高三月考）Academicpressuredoesn’tnecessarilywaituntilcollegetobecomeaproblem.Over-achievingstudentswhoaremuchyoungeroftenhavetofaceburnout,sadnessandevennervousbreakdowns.5．Createascheduleofyourprioritiesandfollowit.Asthesayinggoes,“Ifyourdestinationisunclear,you’llneverknowifyou’vearrived.”6．Fromtimetotimecheckonyourprogress.Beingorganized,youaremostlikelytoaccomplishmoreinlesstime.Besides,you’llhaveafeelingofaccomplishment.Bothresultswillreducetheacademicpressureyoumaybefeeling.7．There’snothingsodamagingasallowingthepressuretobuildupwithinyou,becauseitwillstopyourabilitytoproduce.Also,simplyputtingyourfeelingsonpapertendstoreducethepressure’seffects.Makeasmanyfriendsasyoucan,andspendtimewithpeopleyouloveandwholoveyou.8．Ittendstokeepyourmindoffofthestress,besidesbeingenjoyable.Ifyoustillfindtheacademicpressureunbearable,considerprofessionalhelp.Untilrecently,thosewhofailedtodealwithstressoftenputtheblameonthemedicalworkers,butnowit’sarecognizedwaytosolvethistypeofproblem.9．Ifnot,seekhelponyourown.Exercisedaily.Takeafewminutestowalkaroundtheblock.Ifyouhavemoretime,workoutatagymorrunamile.Thereisnothingthatcanreducethefeelingofstressmorethanexerciseregularly.A．Takenotesofyourdailyroutineonaregularbasis.B．Startadiaryinwhichyoudetailthepressuresyouface.C．Probablyyouwillfindsuchhelpavailableatyourschool.D．Hopefully,therearealwayssomewaystohelpdealwithit.E.Ifsomethingunexpectedhappens,noonecanreallystopit.F.Makeitapointtospendtimewiththematleastonceortwiceeachweek.G.Somakealistofwhatyouneedtoaccomplishandincludeatimetableforit.Part3語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）（2021·吉林吉林市·高三月考）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiZiqiwasbornin1990,avlogger10．enjoysafanbaseofmorethan21millionpeopleonSinaWeiboand7millionstrongfollowersonYouTube.She11．(make)anameforherselfinhervideosthathighlightatraditionalChinesewayoflifeintheruralareasofSichuanprovinceinrecentyears.Hervideoscover12．widevarietyofcrafts13．(relate)totraditionalChineseculture.Frommakingpaperandinkto14．(weave)cloth,nothingseemsimpossiblewithLi’scraftyhandsastheyworktheirmagictobringthesethingsintoexistence.ButLi’smosteye-catching,andmouth-wateringcraftiscooking.Scenesofherpickingseasonalingredientsfromherowngardenandsometimesinthemountainsnearbyandturningthem15．invitingdishesonherwood-firedwokcanoften16．(see)inhervideos.Liemphasizestheseasonsinhercooking,asChina’s17．(tradition)24SolarTermsalsodo,andmakesfoodsuitablefortheparticularclimate.Allthisisdoneagainstanaturalbackgroundofthefourseasonsbeautifulenoughtobefeaturedinfilms.Watchinghervideos,itisdifficultnot18．(appreciate)theirbeautyandholdbackthatsenseofnostalgiaandlongingforhome.Butitiseven19．(hard)toresistthetemptationtotakeabiteofhercarefullycookeddishes.Part4書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）（2021·湖南岳陽市·岳陽一中高三月考）10月9日，星期天上午，你們?nèi)嗤瑢W(xué)步行到學(xué)校附近的公園組織了一次環(huán)?；顒?dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容，寫一篇日記發(fā)表你對(duì)此次活動(dòng)的看法。1組掃除：清理廢紙，煙蒂，塑料袋等廢棄物2組宣傳：樹立標(biāo)牌，告訴游客要愛護(hù)花木3組演講：向游客宣傳“白色污染”的害處以及保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性你的看法……注意：1.日記必須包括表內(nèi)所有的內(nèi)容，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容連貫。2.日記格式及首句已給出，不列入總詞數(shù)。3.詞數(shù)：100詞左右4.參考詞匯：煙蒂cigaretteendOctober9,SundayFineThismorningourclassorganizedanenvironmentalprotectionactivityinthenearbypark.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】Part1閱讀理解1．D2．A3．B4．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了遺傳學(xué)者如何通過研究人類基因突變追蹤人類起源和遷徙的問題。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句“ItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.”人們相信，人類的故事始于非洲，結(jié)束于大約20萬年后，他們的70億后代散布在地球各地，生活在和平或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，他們的臉被營火和電腦屏幕照亮。第二段最后一句“Inthepast20years,however,DNAtechnologieshaveallowedscientiststofindarecordofancienthumanmigrationsintheDNAoflivingpeople.”然而，在過去的20年里，DNA技術(shù)使科學(xué)家能夠在活人的DNA中找到遠(yuǎn)古人類遷徙的記錄。第三段最后一句“Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.”通過比較不同人群的基因突變，科學(xué)家們可以追溯他們祖先的聯(lián)系。和第四段最后一句“BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.”通過比較不同人群的mtDNA和Y染色體，遺傳學(xué)家可以大致了解這些人群在全球大遷徙中何時(shí)何地分開的?？芍疚闹饕v人類起源于非洲大陸?？茖W(xué)家運(yùn)用DNA技術(shù)，通過比較世人的DNA基因突變情況，追蹤不同族群的人是否源于同一祖先，進(jìn)而大致弄清楚他們何時(shí)何地遷徙到世界各地。D項(xiàng)“通過DNA尋祖”，最全面，能涵蓋本文主旨。為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。2．推理判斷題。第三段第一句“‘Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,’sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.”人口遺傳學(xué)家斯賓塞·威爾斯說:“每一滴血都包含著一部用基因語言書寫的歷史書?！庇纱伺袛喑?，一滴血液中包含著許多可以昭示一個(gè)人祖先歷史的遺傳信息。故選A3．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Thehumangeneticcode,orgenome,is99.9percentidenticalthroughouttheworld.”全世界人類的遺傳密碼，或者叫染色體，有99.9%是相同的。第三句的后半句what’sleftisresponsibleforourindividualdifferences—ineyecolorordiseaserisk,forexample.剩下的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)（不同）決定了人們眼睛顏色和患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的差異?？芍?，我們DNA的主要部分是相同的。故選B。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)與文章第一句“ItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.”“早期人類起源于非洲，然后慢慢遷徙遍布世界各地”意思一致，是正確的。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.”“科學(xué)家們通過比較不同族群的基因突變，可以追溯出這些族群祖先之間的聯(lián)系”可知B選項(xiàng)正確。從第四段最后一句“BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.”可知，通過比較不同族群的線粒體基因和Y染色體，可以幫助遺傳學(xué)家大概判斷這些族群是何時(shí)何地（在遷徙途中）彼此分開的，可知D項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)的意思是人類的DNA從來沒有改變過。而第三段第四句“Onveryrareoccasions,asmallchange,calledamutation,canoccur,whichisthenpasseddowntoallofthatperson'sdescendants.在非常罕見的情況下，一種被稱為突變的小變化會(huì)發(fā)生，然后遺傳給這個(gè)人的所有后代”的意思是“在非常罕見的情況下，（基因）會(huì)產(chǎn)生微小的改變，……”可見C項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的陳述。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題的推斷對(duì)象主要包括隱含意思、目標(biāo)讀者、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細(xì)讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題2，第三段第一句“‘Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,’sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.”人口遺傳學(xué)家斯賓塞·威爾斯說:“每一滴血都包含著一部用基因語言書寫的歷史書?！庇纱伺袛喑?，一滴血液中包含著許多可以昭示一個(gè)人祖先歷史的遺傳信息。故選APart2七選五5．D6．G7．B8．F9．C【分析】這是一篇說明文?，F(xiàn)在很多學(xué)生都面對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)壓力，有精疲力竭、悲傷甚至精神崩潰的問題。作者對(duì)如何處理學(xué)業(yè)壓力帶來的影響提出了建議。5．根據(jù)前文“Academicpressuredoesn’tnecessarilywaituntilcollegetobecomeaproblem.Over-achievingstudentswhoaremuchyoungeroftenhavetofaceburnout,sadnessandevennervousbreakdowns.(學(xué)業(yè)壓力不一定要等到大學(xué)才成為問題。成績(jī)優(yōu)異的更小的學(xué)生常常要面臨精疲力竭、悲傷甚至精神崩潰的問題)”可知，此處是講學(xué)業(yè)壓力問題，根據(jù)后文“Createascheduleofyourprioritiesandfollowit.(創(chuàng)建一個(gè)你的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的時(shí)間表，并遵循它)”可知，接下來是講如何處理這個(gè)問題。所以選項(xiàng)D.Hopefully,therearealwayssomewaystohelpdealwithit.(有希望的是，總有一些方法可以幫助我們解決這個(gè)問題)切合文意。故選D。6．根據(jù)前文“Createascheduleofyourprioritiesandfollowit.(創(chuàng)建一個(gè)你的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的時(shí)間表，并遵循它)”可知，此處是指做一個(gè)優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)時(shí)間表，所以選項(xiàng)G.Somakealistofwhatyouneedtoaccomplishandincludeatimetableforit.(所以，把你需要完成的事情列一個(gè)清單，并附上一個(gè)時(shí)間表)切合文意。故選G。7．根據(jù)后文“Also,simplyputtingyourfeelingsonpapertendstoreducethepressure’seffects.(此外，簡(jiǎn)單地把你的感受寫在紙上往往會(huì)減少壓力的影響)”可知，此處是指把壓力寫下來以緩解壓力的影響，所以選項(xiàng)B.Startadiaryinwhichyoudetailthepressuresyouface.(開始寫日記，詳細(xì)記錄你所面臨的壓力)切合文意。故選B。8．根據(jù)前文“Makeasmanyfriendsasyoucan,andspendtimewithpeopleyouloveandwholoveyou.(盡可能多交朋友，花時(shí)間和你愛的人和愛你的人在一起)”可知，此處是指花時(shí)間和朋友愛人在一起，所以選項(xiàng)F.Makeitapointtospendtimewiththematleastonceortwiceeachweek.(每周至少花一到兩次時(shí)間和他們?cè)谝黄?切合文意。故選F。9．根據(jù)前文“Ifyoustillfindtheacademicpressureunbearable,considerprofessionalhelp.(如果你仍然覺得學(xué)業(yè)壓力難以承受，可以考慮專業(yè)幫助)”可知，此處是講尋求專業(yè)幫助，所以選項(xiàng)C.Probablyyouwillfindsuchhelpavailableatyourschool.(也許你會(huì)在你的學(xué)校找到這樣的幫助)切合文意，suchhelp是指專業(yè)幫助。故選C。Part3語法填空10．who/that11．hasmade12．a(chǎn)13．related14．weaving15．into16．beseen17．traditional18．toappreciate19．harder【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了90后視頻博主李子柒以自己鄉(xiāng)村生活為藍(lán)本拍攝視頻，成為YouTube和新浪微博熱門視頻博主，傳播傳統(tǒng)文化的勵(lì)志故事。10．考查定語從句。句意：李子奇出生于1990年，是一名視頻博主，在新浪微博上擁有2100多萬粉絲，在YouTube上擁有700多萬粉絲。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞vlogger，先行詞在從句中作主語，指人，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)。故填who/that。11．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：近年來，她的視頻突出了四川農(nóng)村地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)的中國生活方式，并因此而出名。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語inrecentyears可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為she，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasmade。12．考查冠詞。句意：她的視頻涵蓋了各種與