2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試題專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練

專(zhuān)題08-閱讀理解之七選五

Passage1（202卜北京?清華附中高二期末）

Socialbondofanimals

Friendshipisanimportantpartofhumanlife.Friendscanshareourjoysandourhardships.Wearen'talone.

1.

Recently,aBritishresearchteamfinishedaneight-yearstudyofIndo-Pacificdolphinsoffthecoast

of-WestemAustralia.Thesedolphinscanusedifferenttoolstosearchforfood.2.Otherfactors,likefamily

closeness,havenoimpactonthisrelationship.

“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialbondsbasedonsharedinterests,UKbiologistSimonAllentold

ScienceDaily."Usingdifferenttoolsistime-consumingfordolphinstocooperate.,,

Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.3.

Ofcoursenot,TheAtlanticreported.In2015,agoatwasoriginallyleftinatiger'senclosure（圍場(chǎng)）asa

meal.4.TheAtlanticsaidit'snotunusualamongcaptive（圈禁的）animals.That'sbecauseincaptivity,animals

don'tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritoryorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthe

wild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.fcinthisparticularsituation,theanimafsmotivationtoengage

sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”

5.Takebatsasanexample.In2011,scientistsfoundbatsprefertohangoutwithafewcertainfriends,

keepingloosetiestotherestoftheirgroup.

Humansaren'tsodifferent.uWedonotwork,playandlivetogetherwiththesamefriendsallthe

SwisszoologistGeraldKerthexplained.44Butnevertheless,weareabletomaintainlongtermrelationships...

despiteouroftenhighlydynamicsociallives.

A.Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.

B.Arefriendshipsonlylimitedtothesamespecies?

C.Dolphinsliveonfishbuttheydonotspendalltheirtimelookingforfish.

D.Moreinterestingly,animalsnotonlymakefriendsbutalsotrytokeeplastingfriendships.

E.Thegoatwasfrightenedofthetiger,andpretendedtomakefriendswithitforthesakeofitsownsafety.

ETheresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtohangoutwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.

G.Butinsteadofeatingthegoat,thetigerlikestoplaywithitandgetsjealouswhenotheranimalsareclosetohis

friend.

【答案】I.A2.F3.B4.G、5.D

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了，研究表明動(dòng)物之間存在友誼。

1.【解析】由上文標(biāo)題“Socialbondofanimals”（動(dòng)物的社會(huì)紐帶）和上三句"Friendshipisanimportantpartof

humanlife.Friendscanshareourjoysandourhardships.Wearen'talone.^^（友誼是人類(lèi)生活的重要組成部分。

朋友可以分享我們的快樂(lè)和艱辛。我們并不孤單。），以及下文第三段首句”"Itsuggeststhatdolphinsform

socialbondsbasedonsharedinterests/9UKbiologistSimonAllentoldScienceDaily.”（英國(guó)生物學(xué)家Simon

Allen在接受《科學(xué)日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：“這表明海豚在共同利益的基礎(chǔ)上形成了社會(huì)紐帶?！保┖偷谒亩问拙?/p>

“Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.''（除了海豚之外，大象、

馬和蝙蝠也能建立友誼。）可知，上文講人類(lèi)之間有友誼，下文講一些動(dòng)物也能建立友誼，人類(lèi)并不孤單，

是因?yàn)閯?dòng)物也能交朋友，承接上下文，A選項(xiàng)“許多不同的動(dòng)物也交朋友?！鼻蓄}。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.［解析】由下文第三段“"Itsuggeststhatdolphinsfbnnsocialbondsbasedonsharedinterests,UKbiologist

SimonAllentoldScienceDaily.”（英國(guó)生物學(xué)家SimonAllen在接受《科學(xué)「I報(bào)》采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：”這表明海豚在

共同利益的基礎(chǔ)上形成了社會(huì)紐帶。”“海豚使用不同的工具進(jìn)行合作是很費(fèi)時(shí)的?！埃┛芍挛难芯勘砻?/p>

海豚使用不同的工具進(jìn)行合作是很費(fèi)時(shí)的，它們喜歡在共同利益的基礎(chǔ)上形成社會(huì)紐帶，可得出海豚會(huì)喜

歡使用同一工具的伙伴，并和它們形成社會(huì)紐帶，承接下文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些海豚更愿意和喜

歡同一工具的伙伴在一起。”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。

3.【解析】由下文第五段中的"Ofcoursenot,TheAtlanticreported.In2015,agoatwasoriginallyleftinatiger's

enclosure（圍場(chǎng)）asameal."（當(dāng)然不是，《大西洋月刊》報(bào)道。2015年，一只山羊最初被放在老虎的圍欄里

作為食物。）和“TheAtlanticsaidit'snotunusualamongcaptive（圈禁的）animals.That'sbecauseincaptivity,

animalsdon'tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritoryorlookingformatesthewaythey

wouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.uInthisparticularsituation,theanimal'smotivation

toengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”"（《大西洋月刊》說(shuō)這在圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物中并不罕見(jiàn)。這

是因?yàn)樵谌︷B(yǎng)中，動(dòng)物不需要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和精力來(lái)標(biāo)記自己的領(lǐng)地，也不需要像在野外那樣尋找伴侶。

實(shí)際上，它們更容易感到無(wú)聊。”在這種特殊情況下，動(dòng)物參與社交和嬉戲的動(dòng)機(jī)可能高于進(jìn)食?！埃┛芍?/p>

下文講到老虎最初圈禁了山羊是為了食物，這種圈禁最后變得不同尋常，因?yàn)閷?shí)際上老虎和山羊會(huì)感到無(wú)

聊，它們參與社交和嬉戲的動(dòng)機(jī)可能高于進(jìn)食，可得出老虎和山羊可能做了朋友，因此友誼并不只限于同

一物種，作者的“Ofcoursenot”是對(duì)“友誼只限于同一物種嗎？”的否定回答，即友誼并不只限于同一物種，

承接下文，B選項(xiàng)“友誼只限于同一物種嗎？”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.【解析】由上一句"Ofcoursenot,TheAtlanticreported.In2015,agoatwasoriginallyleftinatiger'senclosure

（圍場(chǎng)）asameal."（當(dāng)然不是，《大西洋月刊》報(bào)道。2015年，一只山羊最初被放在老虎的圍欄里作為食物。）

和下四句"TheAtlanticsaidit'snotunusualamongcaptive（圈禁的）animals.That'sbecauseincaptivity,animals

don'tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritoryorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthe

wild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.4inthisparticularsituation,theanimal'smotivationtoengage

sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”"（《大西洋月刊》說(shuō)這在圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物中并不罕見(jiàn)。這是因?yàn)樵?/p>

圈養(yǎng)中，動(dòng)物不需要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和精力來(lái)標(biāo)記自己的領(lǐng)地，也不需要像在野外那樣尋找伴侶。實(shí)際上，

它們更容易感到無(wú)聊?！霸谶@種特殊情況下，動(dòng)物參與社交和嬉戲的動(dòng)機(jī)可能高于進(jìn)食?！埃┛芍?，友誼并

不只限于同一物種，老虎最初圈禁了山羊是為了食物，但最后這種圈禁最后變得不同尋常了，實(shí)際上老虎

和山羊會(huì)感到無(wú)聊，它們參與社交和嬉戲的動(dòng)機(jī)可能高于進(jìn)食，可得出老虎和山羊可能做了朋友，所以老

虎不吃山羊了，把山羊當(dāng)朋友，承接上下文，G選項(xiàng)“但是老虎不吃山羊，而是喜歡和山羊玩耍，當(dāng)其他

動(dòng)物靠近他的朋友時(shí)，它會(huì)嫉妒。“切題。故選G項(xiàng)。

5.【解析】由下兩句"Takebatsasanexample.In2011,scientistsfoundbatsprefertohangoutwithafewcertain

friends,keepingloosetiestotherestoftheirgroup."（以蝙蝠為例。2011年，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)蝙蝠更喜歡和幾個(gè)

特定的朋友在一起，與其他群體保持松散的聯(lián)系。）可知，蝙蝠更喜歡和幾個(gè)特定的朋友在一起，而與其

他蝙蝠保持松散的聯(lián)系，說(shuō)明蝙蝠（動(dòng)物）能和朋友保持長(zhǎng)久的友誼，承接下文，D選項(xiàng)“更有趣的是，

動(dòng)物不僅能交朋友，還能保持長(zhǎng)久的友誼?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)。

Passage2（2021?內(nèi)蒙古師大附中高二期末）

TheValueofaDollar

Ifyoufindasingleonedollarbillinyourpocket,whatcouldyoudowithit?6.Ifyoutakeafewmoments

tothinkaboutthevalueofthatdollar,you'dfindthatitcanactuallygetyoufurtherthanyouthink.

Payavisittoyourlocaldollarstore.Therearealotofthingsyoucanbuy.Asimpletripcanshowwondersin

savingsifyouknowwheretoshopandwatchforads.7r_Somespecialsincludemorethingsforadollarinwhich

casethevalueofthatdollarisatleastdoubled.

Adollarcouldbuyasmalllotteryticket（彩票）.Keepinmindthatthismaymakeyouspendmoremoney,

however.Itcanbeveryattractivetomanypeople,sobecarefulnottoletitgettoyourhead.Evenso,whatisthe

harmintreatingyourselfonceinawhile?8.Ifnot,atleastitwasamomentofexcitementinyourboringlife.

9.Therearemanystoresthathavecontainersforthepurposesofacharitablecause.Nexttimeyouseeone

ofthese,takealookatitandactuallyreadthewordsonthecontainer.Ififsacauseyoufeelstronglyabout,why

nothelptomakeadifference?

10.Theseareonlyafewtogetyouthinkingaboutit.Intoday'ssocietywithsomanypoorpeopleand

low-incomefamilies,thisissomethingthat'sveryimportanttothinkabout.

A.Youneverknowifyou'llhititlucky.

B.Whyisthevalueofthedollarlowertoday?

C.Youcanalsothinkaboutgivingitawaytocharity.

D.Manythingsareoftenonsaleforadollarorlessapiece.

E.Thereareendlesspossibilitiestoputthatdollartogooduse.

F.Sometimesitgetscarelesslyspentonsomeunimportantthings.

G.Thedollar'svaluecanbecomparedwithwhatitboughtinthepast.

【答案】6,F7.D8.A9.C10.E

【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章針對(duì)如何充分利用一美元，使其價(jià)值最大化給了幾點(diǎn)建議。

6.【解析】根據(jù)此空前面提出的問(wèn)題“whatcouldyoudowithit?”以及下文的內(nèi)容，可推斷出該空是就提出

的問(wèn)題給出一個(gè)普遍適用的答案，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)：有時(shí)它會(huì)被粗心地花在一些不重要的事情上，是1美元常見(jiàn)的處

理方法，故選F。

7.【解析】本段的建議是去當(dāng)?shù)氐囊辉昕纯??？蘸髢?nèi)容“Somespecialsincludemorethingsfbradollarin

whichcasethevalueofthatdollarisatleastdoubled”可知這里講的是一美元甚至更少可以買(mǎi)到一些特價(jià)商品,

D項(xiàng)Manythingsareoftenonsaleforadollarorlessapiece.說(shuō)明了一元店商品的特點(diǎn)，與下句承接。故選D。

8.【解析】本段提到一美元可以買(mǎi)彩票試試運(yùn)氣，A項(xiàng)中“hititlucky”符合本段內(nèi)容，且其中的“ifyouYhit

itlucky”和下文“Ifnot”呼應(yīng)，買(mǎi)彩票說(shuō)不定就中獎(jiǎng)了，即使不中獎(jiǎng)，也是有趣的體驗(yàn)，故選A。

9.【解析］空后提至『'Therearemanystoresthathavecontainersfbrthepurposesofacharitablecause”可知本段

建議用一美元去做善事，C項(xiàng)中“givingitawaytocharity”與本段內(nèi)容相符，其中charity與下句charitable

一致，故選c。

10.【解析】作者在前文介紹了一美元的各種用途，最后一段是概括總結(jié)，表明自己觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為用好一

美元的方法很多，E項(xiàng)“Thereareendlesspossibilitiestoputthatdollartogooduse.”概括上文，故選E。

Passage3（2021?遼寧實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二期末）

6waysourpost-pandemic（疫情后）worldwillbedifferent

Thefuturehasneverbeeneasytoforecast,andthecoronavirusmakeslifeevenmoreunpredictable.To

gatherinformedviewsonhowwemostlikelywilllive,learn,work,andcommunicatewhenwereachthenew

normal,NationalGeographicinterviewedarangeofexpertsandleaders.

NewWaystoLearn

11.Althoughequalaccesstotechremainsabarrier,toolswillbedesignedthatmaybridgedivides.Students

willusetechnologytohelpwithhomework,setgoals,andmeasureprogress.

BalanceWorkandLife

Thefutureofworkwon'tbefullyremote,butitwon'tbelimitedtooffices,either.It511beamixture.Smaller

officeswillbecentersforoccasionalin-personcollaboration,whileimproveddigitaltools—suchasbettervideo

chatting——willsupportworkersathome.Besides,moreemphasisonbalancingproductivitywithpersonalneeds

willallowemployeestoorganizetheirworkhourstofittheirschedules.12.

TechLeadstheWay

Broadband（寬帶）accesshasneverbeenequal.13.Yetadvancesinhigh-speed5Gtelecomnetworkswill

fuelanincreaseinfieldsfromtelemedicinetobanking,education,andtransportation.Thiswillbeatidalwaveof

change.Moreefficientnetworkswillreducecostsandhelpsmallbusinessesaffectedbythepandemicreachnew

customersandgrow.

GetOutandStayOut

U.S.nationalparkssawdramaticdropsinvisitorslastspring—butthennumbersexplodedthisspring,asdid

salesforRVsandbikes.14.Peoplearegoingoutdoorsmoreoftenthisyearandalsoshiftingfromadventure

sportsrequiringtravel―skiing,climbing,backpacking——tocloser-to-homeactivitiessuchasbird-watching,

gardening,andbikeriding.

15.

PublicconcernintheUnitedStatesaboutglobalwarminghitanall-timehighlastNovember,accordingto

researchersatYaleandGeorgeMasonUniversities.LargemajoritiesofAmericansthinkhuman-causedglobal

warmingisreal,andtheyfeelwoniedandevenpersonallyresponsible.Surprisingly,asurveyinAprilfoundthat

COVID-19hadn'treplacedconcernovertheclimate——thoughithadreducedmediacoverageofit.

A.RemotePossibilities

B.OnePlanet,TwoCrises

C.Therefore,flexibilitywillbetheultimatejobbenefit.

D.Thepandemicexposedthatdivide.

E.Onepositiveaspectofschoolsclosingmaybehowdistrictsareinnovatingtoimprovelearningfromhome.

F.Manycitieshaveclosedstreetstomakeroomforoutdoordining,publicevents,andparks.

G.TheInternethasmadeitpossibleformillionsofpeopletoworkremotely,butit'sputusatriskofcyber-

attacks.

【答案】U.E12.C13.D14.F15.B

【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章從六個(gè)方面講述了疫情后不同改變。

11?【解析】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“NewWaystoLearn”可知，本段講述疫情后的學(xué)習(xí)的新方式。E項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)earning”

與之相符。下文“Studentswillusetechnologytohelpwithhomework,setgoals,andmeasureprogress.”（學(xué)生將

使用科技幫助寫(xiě)作業(yè)，設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并衡量進(jìn)步，）與E項(xiàng)“關(guān)閉學(xué)校的一個(gè)積極的方面可能是地區(qū)如何創(chuàng)新，

以改善在家學(xué)習(xí)。''是因果關(guān)系。故選E。

12.【解析】上文“Besides,moreemphasisonbalancingproductivitywithpersonalneedswillallowemployeesto

organizetheirworkhourstofittheirschedules."（另外，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)生產(chǎn)力和個(gè)人需求將允許員工安排他們的工

作時(shí)間，以適應(yīng)他們的計(jì)劃表。）結(jié)合標(biāo)題“BalanceWorkandLife”說(shuō)明本段講述工作和生活的平衡，可推

斷，此處講述疫情后人們更多的強(qiáng)調(diào)生產(chǎn)力和個(gè)人需求的平衡，工作時(shí)間靈活與工作利益的相關(guān)，C項(xiàng)中

“flexibility”與此相符，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，therefore是關(guān)鍵詞。故選C。

13.【解析】上文“U.S.nationalparkssawdramaticdropsinvisitorslastspring——butthennumbersexplodedthis

spring,asdidsalesforRVsandbikes/X去年春天，國(guó)家公園的游客數(shù)量急劇下降，但今年春天，數(shù)量激增，

自行車(chē)的銷(xiāo)量也是如此。廣說(shuō)明了出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)極端。D項(xiàng)中的“divide”與之相符。因此推斷D項(xiàng)“大流行病

暴露了分裂。符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

14.【國(guó)華析】下文“Peoplearegoingoutdoorsmoreoftenthisyearandalsoshiftingfromadventuresportsrequiring

travel—skiing,climbing」（今年人們更常去戶(hù)外，也從需要旅行、滑雪、爬山的冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)中轉(zhuǎn)移出來(lái)，）

可推斷，描述了人們轉(zhuǎn)向戶(hù)外活動(dòng)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“許多城市都關(guān)閉了街道，為戶(hù)外餐飲、公共活動(dòng)和公園騰出空間。

符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)明人們常待在戶(hù)外。故選F。

15.【解析】空格處是段落標(biāo)題。下文“PublicconcernintheUnitedStatesaboutglobalwarminghitanall-time

highlastNovember,accordingtoresearchersatYaleandGeorgeMasonUniversities.Largemajoritiesof

Americansthinkhuman-causedglobalwarmingisreal,andtheyfeelwomedandevenpersonallyresponsible.

Surprisingly,asurveyinAprilfoundthatCOVID-19hadn'treplacedconcernovertheclimate—thoughithad

reducedmediacoverageofit."（耶魯大學(xué)和喬治梅森大學(xué)的研究人員說(shuō)，去年11月，美國(guó)公眾對(duì)全球變暖

的擔(dān)憂(yōu)達(dá)到了歷史新高。大多數(shù)美國(guó)人認(rèn)為人為造成的全球變暖是真的，他們感到擔(dān)心，甚至感到個(gè)人

有負(fù)責(zé)。令人驚訝的是，4月份的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，COVID-19沒(méi)有取代對(duì)氣候的關(guān)注-盡管它減少了媒體

對(duì)氣候的報(bào)道。）說(shuō)明本段講述了兩個(gè)危機(jī)：全球變暖和新冠疫情。故B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)地球，兩種危機(jī)”為最佳

標(biāo)題。故選B。

Passage4（2021,江蘇?鹽城市第一中學(xué)高二期末）

Thedeepestfriendshipspans（跨越）timeandspace.16..Soweaskedsomepeoplehowthey've

managedtomaketheirbondsunbreakable.

Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.HeatherHopkinscreditsherlong-lastingfriendshiptoherhonesty.<€Never

bescaredtotellyourbestfriendshowyouarereallyfeelingaboutanysituation.17.”

Justkeepcalling,evenifthere'snothingtoreallysay.NickiBandklayder's20+yearfriendshipsaregoing

strongbecauseshe'salwayswillingtogetonthephone."Pickupthephone!Youdon'tneedareasontocall.This

iswhatkeepssomeofmy20+yearfriendshipsaliveandstrong.18.''

Justbeagoodlistener.tlMybestfriendinworldisfromfreshmanyearincollege,9,sharesJudyGropen.ctShe

saysthatitisbecauseIactuallylistentoher,andIamshockedbyhowsmartandkindsheisanddifferentfrom

anyoneIknow.^^

19.“MybestfriendHelenandIaregoingon32years,andwenevercallouttheotherpersononbeingan

absenteefriend,“sharesAngelaRandall.uLifehappensandwhenyouareindifferentplacesandgoingthrough

differentthings,justpickupwhereyoubothare.”

20.“It'ssaidthattechnologyisdestroyingrelationships,buttherearefewthingsasniceasbeingconnected

withyoubestfriendssinceelementaryschoolbyanongoinggrouptext,“saysLaurenSchwwartzGamsey."We

arebusyworkingmumsacrosssevencitiesinthreestates,andwecanstillshareeverydaythoughts,bignews,and

sillystoriesasifwehadnevermovedawayfromeachother.

A.Turntechnologytoyouradvantage.

B.Sometimesonepartyforgetstobepresent,butthafsOK.

C.Nowweeachhostamealatourhomethroughouttheyear.

D.Whenyoustartneedingareasontocall,youlosedailyconnection.

E.Thekeystokeepingastrongfriendshipoftentakealifetimetolearn.

F.AIIIneedishomemadecoffeeandaspeakerphoneandit'slikewearetogether.

G.Atruefriendwillalwaysbegratefulforhonesty,eveninthestickiestofsituations.

【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.B20.A

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了維持長(zhǎng)久友誼的方法。

1.【解析】前文“Thedeepestfriendshipspans（跨越）timeandspace."（最深的友誼跨越時(shí)空。）對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)E中

的astrongfriendship,后文“Soweaskedsomepeoplehowthey'vemanagedtomaketheirbondsunbreakable.”

（所以我們問(wèn)了一些人他們是如何讓他們的紐帶堅(jiān)不可摧的。）中的maketheirbondsunbreakable對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)

E中的Thekeystokeepingastrongfriendshipo所以選項(xiàng)E（保持牢固友誼的關(guān)鍵往往需要一生的時(shí)間去

學(xué)習(xí)。）切合文意。故選E。

2.【解析】前文“Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.”（誠(chéng)實(shí)永遠(yuǎn)是上策。）對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)G中的honesty,“Neverbe

scaredtotellyourbestfriendshowyouarereallyfeelingaboutanysituation.,,（永遠(yuǎn)不要害怕告訴你最好的朋

友你對(duì)任何情況的真實(shí)感受。）對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)G中的eveninthestickiestofsituations,所以選項(xiàng)G（真正的朋友

總是感激誠(chéng)實(shí)，即使在最棘手的情況下。）切合文意。故選G。

3.【解析］前文“Pickupthephone!Youdon'tneedareasontocall.Thisiswhatkeepssomeofmy20+year

friendshipsaliveandstrong.5,（拿起電話(huà)！打電話(huà)不需要理由。這就是讓我20多年的友誼保持鮮活和牢固

的原因。）說(shuō)明打電話(huà)保持聯(lián)系是保持友誼牢固的方法，無(wú)需理由，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D（當(dāng)你開(kāi)始需要一個(gè)打電

話(huà)的理由時(shí)，你就失去了日常聯(lián)系。）切合文意。上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。

4.［解析］根據(jù)后文“MybestfriendHelenandIaregoingon32years,andwenevercallouttheotherpersonon

beinganabsenteefriend"（我最好的朋友海倫和我已經(jīng)交往32年了，但我們從來(lái)不會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)方是一個(gè)缺席

的朋友而指責(zé)對(duì)方）可知，此處是指即使有時(shí)候一方忘記到場(chǎng)也沒(méi)有關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)B（有時(shí)有一方會(huì)忘

記到場(chǎng)，但沒(méi)關(guān)系。）切合文意。故選B。

5.【解析】根據(jù)后文"It'ssaidthattechnologyisdestroyingrelationships,buttherearefewthingsasniceasbeing

connectedwithyoubestfriendssinceelementaryschoolbyanongoinggrouptext”（有人說(shuō)科技正在破壞人際關(guān)

系，但很少有什么能比通過(guò)一組短信和你從小學(xué)開(kāi)始最好的朋友保持聯(lián)系更美好的了）可知，此處是指要

將科技變成你的優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以選項(xiàng)A（把技術(shù)變成你的優(yōu)勢(shì)。）切合文意。故選A。

Passage5（2021?浙江?湖州中學(xué)高二期末）

HowtoImproveYourStudyHabits

Doyouspendalotoftimestudying,whiletheresultisnotsosatisfying?Areyouatalossashowtoimprove

yourstudy?Haveyoubeentiredofstudyingallday?Ifyouranswersare"Yes”,justreadon.21,Here'show:

Planyourtimeinadvance.Makealistofwhatyouwilldoduringthewholeweek.Thenmakeascheduleof

yourtime.22.soit'simportanttosetasidesometimeforrelaxation,hobbies,andentertainmentaswell.This

weeklyschedulemaynotsolveallofyourproblems,butitwillmakeyoumoreawareofhowyouspendyour

time.

Findagoodstudyingplace.Inordertoimproveyourstudyefficiency,youmustchooseoneplaceforyour

studyarea.Itmaybeadeskorachairhomeorintheschoollibrary,butitshouldbecomfortable,anditshould

nothavedistractions.23.

Makeitaregularhabittostudy.Youaresupposedtogooveryournotesassoonasyoucanafterclass.

Reviewimportantpointsmentionedinclassaswellasthepointsyouremainconfusedabout.24.Also,ifyou

reviewyournotesandtextbookregularly,theywillbecomemoremeaningful,andyouwillrememberthem

longer.

25.Testscanshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.Theworldwon'tendevenifyoudon'tpassatest,

sodon'tworryexcessivelyaboutsingletest.Testsprovidegrades,buttheycanalsoletyouknowwhatyouneed

tospendmoretimestudyingon,andtheyhelpyourmastertheknowledgebetter.

Infact,therearemanyothertechniquesthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudy.Discoverthemafteryouhave

triedandsharethetechniquesthatyouhavediscoveredwithyourclassmates.

A.Attachgreatimportancetotests.

B.Adoptagoodattitudetowardstests.

C.Thiswillhelpyouunderstandwhattheteacherwillteachlater.

D.Ofcourse,studyingshouldn'ttakeupallofthefreetimeontheschedule.

E.Whenyoubegintowork,youwillbeabletoconcentrateonthesubject.

F.Itwillenableyoutoplanyouractivitiessothatyouhaveadequatetimeforbothworkandplay.

G.Withsomeefforts,evenstudentsofaverageintelligencecanimproveyourstudyefficiencywithoutadditional

work.

【答案】21.G22.D23.E24.C25.B

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的方法。

21.【解析】根據(jù)上文“Doyouspendalotoftimestudying,whiletheresultisnotsosatisfying?Areyouataloss

ashowtoimproveyourstudy?Haveyoubeentiredofstudyingallday?Ifyouranswersare“Yes”,justread

on.（你花了很多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果卻不太令人滿(mǎn)意嗎？你對(duì)如何提高你的學(xué)習(xí)水平感到茫然嗎？你整天學(xué)習(xí)

厭煩了嗎？如果你的答案是“是:請(qǐng)繼續(xù)讀下去）”以及后文“Hekshow（下面是方法戶(hù)可知，上文提到了學(xué)

習(xí)效率不高的情況，后文則介紹方法，可推知上文提到的學(xué)習(xí)效率不高的學(xué)生也可以通過(guò)方法來(lái)提高學(xué)習(xí)

效率。故G選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)努力，即使是智力一般的學(xué)生也可以在不增加額外學(xué)習(xí)的情況下提高學(xué)習(xí)效率”符合

語(yǔ)境，故選G。

22.［解析］根據(jù)上文“Planyourtimeinadvance.Makealistofwhatyouwilldoduringthewholeweek.Then

makeascheduleofyourtime.（提前計(jì)劃好時(shí)間。把你整個(gè)星期要做的事情列一個(gè)清單。然后制定一個(gè)時(shí)間進(jìn)

度表）“以及后文"soifsimportanttosetasidesometimeforrelaxation,hobbies,andentertainmentaswell.（因此,

留出一些時(shí)間用于放松、業(yè)余愛(ài)好和娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)是很重要的）“可知，上文提到制定時(shí)間進(jìn)度表，后文則提到

娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)也很重要，可推測(cè)本句承上啟下說(shuō)明要給自己留出空閑時(shí)間。D選項(xiàng)中theschedule對(duì)應(yīng)上文中a

scheduleo故D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然，學(xué)習(xí)不應(yīng)該占據(jù)時(shí)間表上所有的空閑時(shí)間”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

23.【解析】根據(jù)上文“Findagoodstudyingplace.Inordertoimproveyourstudyefficiency,youmustchooseone

placeforyourstudyarea.Itmaybeadeskorachairhomeorintheschoollibrary,butitshouldbecomfortable,

anditshouldnothavedistractions.（找一個(gè)好的學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所。為了提高你的學(xué)習(xí)效率，你必須選擇一個(gè)地方作為

你的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。它可能是家里或?qū)W校圖書(shū)館的一張桌子或一把椅子，但它應(yīng)該是舒適的，它不應(yīng)該有干擾）''

可知，本段主要是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所的選擇對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)效率的影響，且本句位于本段最后一句，應(yīng)總結(jié)上文，說(shuō)明

好的學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所帶來(lái)的益處，故E選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，你就能集中精力在功課上''符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

24.【國(guó)軍析】根據(jù)上文“Makeitaregularhabittostudy.Youaresupposedtogooveryournotesassoonasyoucan

afterclass.Reviewimportantpointsmentionedinclassaswellasthepointsyouremainconfusedaboul.（養(yǎng)成一

個(gè)有規(guī)律的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。下課后你應(yīng)該盡快復(fù)習(xí)你的筆記。復(fù)習(xí)課堂上提到的重點(diǎn)，以及你仍然不明白的地

方廣可知，上文提到復(fù)習(xí)筆記、課堂上提到的重點(diǎn)，以及你仍然不明白的地方，可推測(cè)本句承接上文，說(shuō)

明這一做法的好處，故C選項(xiàng)“這將幫助你理解老師以后要教的內(nèi)容”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

25.［解析］根據(jù)后文“Testscanshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.Theworldwon'tendevenifyou

don'tpassatest,sodon'tworryexcessivelyaboutsingletest.Testsprovidegrades,buttheycanalsoletyouknow

whatyouneedtospendmoretimestudyingon,andtheyhelpyourmastertheknowledgebetter.（考試可以顯示你

對(duì)某一科目的學(xué)習(xí)情況。即使你沒(méi)有通過(guò)一項(xiàng)考試，世界也不會(huì)毀滅，所以不要過(guò)分擔(dān)心某一科考試?？?/p>

試提供了分?jǐn)?shù)，但它們也可以讓你知道你需要花更多的時(shí)間在學(xué)習(xí)上，它們幫助你更好地掌握知識(shí)）“可知，

后文提到了不要過(guò)分擔(dān)心考試，理解考試的意義是幫助更好地掌握知識(shí)，即本段的主旨是：對(duì)考試采取良

好的態(tài)度。故B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)考試采取良好的態(tài)度”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

Passage6（2020?山東?高二期末）

Fewthingsfeelaspainfulasrejection.Rejectionmeansnotbeinginvitedtoafriend'sparty.Rejection

meanshavingyouractionscriticized.Rejectionmeansfailurewhenyou'retryingtosellyouridea.Every“no"

indicatesadoorclosedtoyou.71.

Developingyourself-confidenceiskey.Rejectionissimplythereactionoropinionofanotherperson.

72.Neverthinkyouareworthlessorunlovable.Whatyoushoulddoismakealistofthingsyouhavedonewellor

contributionsyouhavemade.Reviewthemeveryday.Fillyournighttimeandearlymorningbrainwith

confidence.

Rejectionwillenhance（增力口）whatevernegativethingsyousaytoyourself.Eventhemostsuccessfuland

confidentpeoplefeeldownheartedwhenrejected,butmostofthemnevertellthemselveshowterribletheyare.

73.Makesurewhatyousaytoyourselfbuildsyourselfupinsteadoftearingyourselfdown.

74.Instead,theyviewitasanopportunitytofurtherunderstandhumanrelationshipsandinnerstrength.

Theyavoidthepainofrejectionandputrejectionintocontext（情境）.Usingrejectiontoyouradvantageinvolves

lookingoneveryblowasalearningexperience.Italsoinvolveslearningandgrowingfromnegativevoice.

75.Youcanfeelthepainasyoulike,cryingorlockingyourselfin,butdon'tletitbecomealong-term

visitor.Itiswiseforyoutorespondpositivelyandeffectively.

A.Rejectionisalearningexperience.

B.It'spowerlesswithoutyourcooperation.

C.Soyoushouldpracticepositiveself-talk.

D.It'snormaltofeelupsetaboutrejection.

E.Therefore,itisvitaltodevelopeffectiveresponses.

F.Rejectionisbeneficialtothosewhomakefulluseofit.

G.Thosewhotransformrejectionunderstanditisnotaboutexperiencingloss.

【答案】71.E72.B73.C、74.G75.D

【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。講述了幾條有效回應(yīng)被拒絕的方法。

71.【解析】空格前EveryMnonindicatesadoorclosedtoyou講到被別人拒絕意味著哪些以及它的消極影響。

因此培養(yǎng)有效的回應(yīng)能力很重要。故選E。

72.【解析】空格前講到培養(yǎng)自信是關(guān)鍵。排斥只是他人的回應(yīng)或觀點(diǎn)。沒(méi)有你的合作這是無(wú)力的。故選Bo

73?【解析】空格前講到名人們被拒絕的時(shí)候也很難過(guò)，但是多數(shù)人不會(huì)告訴自己：自己有多糟糕。因此

建議你也要練習(xí)積極的自我對(duì)話(huà)?？崭窈竺娴腷uildsyourself叩和positive是同義詞。故選C。

74.【解析】空格后Instead,theyviewitasanopportunitytofurtherunderstandhumanrelationshipsandinner

strength.相反，他們認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)進(jìn)一步了解人類(lèi)關(guān)系的機(jī)會(huì)。instead表示轉(zhuǎn)折。說(shuō)明G項(xiàng)：那些改變拒

絕的人明白，拒絕不是經(jīng)歷損失。而是機(jī)會(huì)。故選G。

75?【解析】空格位于句首，起到總結(jié)本段的作用，空格后Youcanfeelthepainasyoulike,cryingorlocking

yourselfin,butdon'tletitbecomealong-termvisitor.講到你可以感受它帶來(lái)的痛苦，但是不要長(zhǎng)期沉浸在其

中。說(shuō)明D項(xiàng)：關(guān)于拒絕你感受到不開(kāi)心是很正常的。故選D。

Passage7（2021?江西師大附中高二期末）

HowtoDoWellinExamsDonotunderestimate（低估）thepowerofrevisioninthedaysandhoursbeforean

examination.Thecloseryouaretotheexam,themorechanceyouhaveofstoringandretaining（保持）crucial（關(guān)

鍵的）infonnation.Butdonotoverdoit.31.Aneffectivedailyroutinecanhelpyouthroughanexamperiod,soin

thedaysleadinguptoyourfirstexam,getintothehabitofbeingupandreadytoworkbygame.Itcanbeashock

tothesystemaftermonthsofworkingtoyourowntimetabletobementallyalertatthattimeifyouhavenot

preparedforit.Onthedayoftheexam,haveagoodbreakfast,packtwoofeverythingyouneed（pens,pencils,

erasers,etc.）,thenmakeyourwaytotheexaminationhallingoodtime.32.Onceinyourseat,simplypausefora

fewsecondsandcollectyourthoughts.Closeyoureyesandtakeinafewslow,deepbreathstohelpyourelax.

Whenyouturnoverthetestpaper,spendashortperiodreadingthroughalltheinstructionsandquestions,paying

particularattentiontokeyverbssuchas''discuss11,"compare"and"evaluate0.33.Itisalwayswisetoallowfor10

minutesattheendoftheexamtogiveyourselftimetogobackoveryouranswers.Onceyouhaveselectedthe

questionsyouwishtotackle,beginbyattemptingtheoneyouthinkisyourstrongest.Itwillgiveyoumore

confidencewhenyouseeawell-answeredquestiondownonpaper.Alsoremembertowriteclearly,anddonotbe

afraidtoexpresstheunexpected:afterall,examinerscangetveryboredmarkingstereotypicalanswers.34.Ifyou

doneedsomethingelsetofocusontohelpcollectyourthoughts,chooseafixtureintheroom,suchastheceiling

-oranythingelsethatwillnotallowyoutobedistracted.Finally,onceyouhavefin