2019—2020學(xué)年度第___2____學(xué)期英語精讀IV期末試卷1.I.MatcheachiteminColumnAwiththewordorphraseinColumnBthatissimilarinmeaning.（10%）

1.prenuptial[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriage(正確答案)H.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle2.2.signature[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimself(正確答案)I.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle3.3.disguise[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizable(正確答案)F.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle4.4.dismayed[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftrouble(正確答案)D.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle5.5.thriving[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successful(正確答案)J.stylish,fashionableinstyle6.6.chic[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle(正確答案)7.7.justify[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonfor(正確答案)C.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle8.8.illustrate[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplain(正確答案)G.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle9.9.intervene[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappening(正確答案)B.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbrokenE.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle10.10.fragile[單選題]A.takeactioninordertopreventsomethingfromhappeningB.giveagoodreasonforC.madeafraidordiscouragedattheprospectoftroubleD.easilyinjuredorbroken(正確答案)E.makeunrecognizableF.providewithpicturestoexplainG.madeoroccurringbeforemarriageH.aperson'snamewrittenbyhimselfI.prosperous,successfulJ.stylish,fashionableinstyle11.II.Fillinthefollowingblankswiththeappropriateformfromthegivenphrases.(15%)

amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

1.Japan'srecessionhaspromptedconsumersto_____buyingcars.

()(答案：cutbackon)12.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

2.Tomwassuddenlydownwithourhighfeverafortnightagoandhasbeenkeepingtohisbed_______.()(答案：eversince)13.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

3.Shouldaman_____whenawomancomesintotheroom?()(答案：gettohisfeet)14.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

4.Ourmonthlyexpenditureonfoodusually______onethousandYuan.()(答案：amountsto)15.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

5.Hiseffortstogetthejobwerefutilebecausetherewerealotofcompetentyoungmenwho_____thejob.()(答案：appliedfor)16.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

6.ThePresidentisaboutto_____hisvisittoSomalia.()(答案：windup)17.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

7.He_____masteringEnglish,determinedtolearnitthoroughly.()(答案：isbenton)18.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

8.Wasitin1948thattheGovernment______therailwaysinGreatBritain,nationalizedthem?()(答案：tookover)19.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

9.Manyclubs_____hugedebtsastheyspentmillionstobuyforeignplayers.()(答案：ranup)20.amounttoeversincecutbackonapplyforgettoone’sfeet

bebentonrunupwindupinanyeventtakeover

10._____,thebowlingalleyrestaurantprovedquiteacceptable.()(答案：Inanyevent)21.III.Multiple-choice.(20%)

1.LowgradesandseverecriticismfromtheteachergotTom____.

[單選題]A.toB.overC.down(正確答案)D.away22.2.Jennyisnotmysister.ButItreatherasifshe____oneofmysisters.[單選題]A.isB.were(正確答案)C.beD.being23.3.Speedlearninghasbeensuccessfullystudiedbypeopleofallages,fromall_____.[單選題]A.occupationsB.walksoflife(正確答案)C.professionsD.jobs24.4.ItwasthefirsttimethatI____aboutthepoorchildren.[單選題]A.heardB.hearC.wouldhearD.hadheard(正確答案)25.5.Theagreementwassigned.Allofuswere____.[單選題]A.satisfactoryB.satisfyingC.satisfyD.satisfied(正確答案)26.6.Ican'trecallmuchinparticular_____.[單選題]A.whattheyweredoing(正確答案)B.whatweretheydoingC.whatdidtheydoD.whatdidtheyweredoing27.7.____ourrelief,theplanelandedsafelyatlast.[單選題]A.ForB.To(正確答案)C.WithD.By28.8.Onlyafterthishadbeendone_____hisordersformourning.[單選題]A.ShakeannouncedB.hadShakaannouncedC.ShakawouldannounceD.didShakaannounce(正確答案)29.9.Theycollidedwithacar____byayoungmanwithoutalicense.[單選題]A.drivingB.todriveC.driveD.driven(正確答案)30.10.Sheisverygoodat_____anopportunitywhenitcomes.[單選題]A.askingB.seizing(正確答案)C.havingD.showing31.11.TheChannelTunnelismostwarmlywelcomedbyallthosewho____thefutureofEurope.[單選題]A.carefor(正確答案)B.caredaboutC.careofD.carewith32.12.Avonis_____.[單選題]A.alittletownB.acottageC.ariver(正確答案)D.apopularplace33.13.BennyParetwashithardin____headseveraltimesbeforetheboxerwaskilledinthering.[單選題]A.hisB.itsC.the(正確答案)D.hisown34.14.Wedon'tgetalongwellwiththeJones'family.Thissentencemeans____.[單選題]A.Weareongoodtermswithourneighbors.B.Wedonotknowourneighborsquitewell.C.Wearenotongoodtermswithourneighbors.(正確答案)D.Weknowourneighborsquitewell.35.15.Youmust____yoursentencewithafullstop.[單選題]A.closeB.concludeC.end(正確答案)D.pause36.16.Theoldmanwasinsuchahurry____heforgottoputhissignatureonhisway.[單選題]A.whenB.soC.that(正確答案)D.and37.17.ZhaoRen,afirst-yearstudentfromamountainvillage,canspeakEnglishfluently,____ishardtobelieve.[單選題]A.itB.thatC.which(正確答案)D.he38.18.I'vegotthreebooksthatdealwithmusic,____Ilikeverymuch.[單選題]A.bothofwhichB.allofwhich(正確答案)C.neitherofwhichD.bothofthem39.19.Whatistheantonymof"few"?[單選題]A.littleB.many(正確答案)C.muchD.fewer40.20.Shesoon_____somerawvegetableswhensheworkedasanaupairgirl[單選題]A.gotusedtoeatB.usedtoeatingC.gotusedeatingD.gotusedtoeating(正確答案)41.IV.ReadingComprehension.(30%)

Passage1

SinkholeScience

TwoHugeHoles

Forafewweeksin2007,peopleinaneighborhoodofGuatemalaCityfeltthegroundtrembleandshake.Nooneknewwhatwascausingit.ThenonFebruary23，ahugeholesuddenlyopenedinthestreet.Adozenhousestumbledintothepitandseveralliveswerelost.Theholewasmorethan330feet(100m)deep-deepenoughtoswallowtwoStatuesofLiberty.

In2010，ithappenedagain，fifteenblocksfromthefirsthole.Thistime，theholeswallowedathree-storyclothingfactoryandleftanothergapingchasminamajorintersection.Miraculously，noonewasinjured.

Sinkholeshappenallovertheworld，inthemiddleofcitiesandinthemiddleofnowhere.Thoughsinkholestakeyearstoform，eachtimeanewsinkholeopensupintheearth，ittakespeoplebysurprise.

WhatCausesSinkholes?

Thegroundwestandonfeelssolid.Underground，however，alotishappening.Watertricklesandflows，slowlyerodingrocksandsoil.Thiscreatesundergroundspaces.Theseresultinsinkholes.

Sinkholesdon'thappenjustanywhere，though.Mostnaturalsinkholesformwheretherearecertainkindsofsoftbedrock.Bedrockisalayerofundergroundrock.Thegroundaboveitandonthesurfaceiscalledtheoverburden.

Rainorundergroundwaterdripsandflowsintothisbedrockanderodesit.Thiscreatesopenspacessuchasundergroundcavesorcaverns.Overtime，thesespacesgetbigger.

Eventually，theoverburdenmayslowlydropdowntoformasinkhole.Sometimes,though,sinkholescanopensuddenlyandswallowbuildings，carsandpeople.

TwoTypes

Therearetwomaintypesofsinkholes.Thefirstisacover-subsidencesinkhole(subsidemeanstosinkorsettle).Acover-subsidencesinkholeformswhenwaterwearsaspaceintheundergroundbedrock.Theoverburdenabovethebedrockthenshiftsdownward.

Mostsinkholesofthiskindformslowlyandmaymeasureonlyafewyardsacross.Theoverburdenmaycontainalotofsandthateasilyslidesintotheundergroundspace.

Thesesinkholesoftencreateabowlshapeonthesurface.Theymaybecomepondsorwetlandsifwaterhasnowaytodrainout.

Thesecondtypeisacover-collapsesinkhole.Thissinkholeformswhenaspacegetsbiggerandbiggerunderthesurface.Theoverburdengetsthinnerasdirt，sand，andothersedimentfallintothespace.Thegroundaroundthiskindofsinkholemaycontainalotofstickyclay.Clayhelpsholdtheoverburdentogether.Withoutwarning，though，thesurfacemaycollapseintotheundergroundspace.

Areasthatgetalotofsinkholesusuallyhavebedrockmadeofkarst.Karstismadeofanytypeofrockthatdissolveseasily，suchaslimestone.Karstcanalsobeformedofgypsum，dolomite，salt，orothermineralsandrocks.Karsthasmanyholesandcracksthatwatercanflowinto.

Whenrainwatersoaksintotheearth，itpicksupamildacidfromleavesandplants.Themildaciddissolveskarst.Thishelpscreatetheundergroundspacesthatcausenaturalsinkholes.

AmazingNaturalSinkholes

Sinkholesfascinategeologists.Theystudythemtolearnmoreabouthowwaterandearthaffecteachother.Herearethreeamazingnaturalsinkholesfromaroundtheworld.

TheQattaraDepressionistheworld'slargestnaturalsinkhole.ItislocatedinEgyptandis137miles(220km)longand75miles(120km)wide.ThatistwicetheareaofthestateofRhodeIsland.

China'sXiaozhaiTiankengisconsideredthedeepestsinkholeintheworld.Morethan2，165feet(660m)deep，thissinkholecouldswallowa200-storyskyscraper.

TheSarisarinamasinkholesinVenezuelawerediscoveredin1961.Scientistshavediscoveredplantsandanimalsinsidethatarefoundnowhereelse.

SinkholesCausedbyHumans

Somesinkholesresultfromundergroundconstruction.Incities，tunnelsandpipescrisscrossundermanybuildingsandstreets.Ifthosepipesgetoldandwornout，theycancollapse，allowingliquidtoescapeandeatawayattheground.Eventually，thepavementcavesin.Workcrewsmustchecktheseundergroundspacesregularlytomakesuretheyaresolid.Ifasinkholeformsinacityitcandoalotofdamage，asinGuatemalaCity，whereleakingpipesmayhavetriggeredthegapingholesinthecitystreets.

Undergroundminescanalsocausesinkholes.NearoneRussiancity，undergroundwaterfilledanoldmine.Thebedrockofsaltbegandissolving.In1986，ahugesinkholeopenedup.Itgrewto780feet(238m)deepandcoveredmoreareathan25footballfields.Itisstillgrowing，andnewsinkholesareopeningup.Hundredsofpeoplehavehadtoleavetheirhomes.Tobesafe，theentirecitymayneedtomove.

Somegeologistsarguethatholescausedbyhumanactivityshouldn'tbecalledsinkholesbecausetruesinkholesresultfromnaturalprocesses.

DealingwithSinkholes

Predictingwherenaturalsinkholeswillformistricky.Theerosionthatcreatesthemisusuallyhiddenunderground.Thetypeofbedrockisthemostimportantfactorinwhetherornotsinkholesform.

Areaswithsoftbedrockthatalsogetheavyrainsareatevengreaterrisk.Therainwateraddsweighttotheoverburden.Thedrainingwatercanalsospeedupundergrounderosion.

Tiltingtreesorsignpostscanbeearlycluesthatthegroundisshifting.Growingcracksinwallsandsidewalkscanalsowarnthatasinkholeisgettingreadytocausetrouble.

Ifasinkholeformsunderahouse，homeownerscanpourtonsofdirtandconcreteintothehole.Thisiscalledgrouting.Thegoalistoplugthehole.Sometimes，though，thedirtandconcretejustdisappearintotheundergroundspace.

Anothermethodusessteelrods.Theselong，strongrodsarepushedintosolidbedrockdeepunderground.Therodsarethenjoinedtothebaseofthehouse.Thishelpskeepthebuildingstableandsafe.

Conclusion

Sinkholescanbedestructive,buttheyarerarelydangerous.Insomeplaces，theyareevenbeautiful.InpartsofMexico，forinstance，sinkholesformlovelypoolsfullofcool，cleanwater.Sinkholesarealsointerestingtostudy.Theyshowwater'spowerfuleffectsonsoilandrock.Evenonsolidground，amazingthingsarehappeningbeneathourfeet.

1.Inwhatwaysareallsinkholesalike?

[單選題]A.Theyareallcausedbywatererosion.(正確答案)B.Theyareallcausedbyhumans.C.Theyallformsuddenly.D.BothAandB42.2.Accordingtotheauthor，whatcanbetheresultofpeopleusingsinkholesasgarbagedumps?[單選題]A.biggersinkholesB.trafficaccidentsC.pollutioninourfoodanddrinkingwater(正確答案)D.extinctionoflocalanimals43.3.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweencover-subsidencesinkholesandcover-collapsesinkholes?[單選題]A.oneformsslowlyandonecanformsuddenly(正確答案)B.oneisdangerousandoneisbeautifulC.oneisnaturalandoneisman-madeD.noneoftheabove44.4.Accordingtothebook，whereisthedeepestsinkholeintheworld?[單選題]A.UnitedStatesB.VenezuelaC.EgyptD.China(正確答案)45.5.Theauthor'smainreasonforwritingthisbookwasto____________[單選題]A.letreadersknowaboutwatererosionB.entertainreaderswithphotographsofnaturalsinkholesC.persuadereadersnottodumpgarbageinsinkholesD.informreadersaboutsinkholesandhowtheyoccur(正確答案)46.Passage2

BeyondtheFiveSenses

Introduction

Animalsusesensestofindfoodandstayoutofdanger.Oursensestelluswhatishappeningwithourbodiesandintheworldaroundus.Youprobablyknowaboutthefivebasicsenses:hearing,sight,smell,touch,andtaste.Didyouknowthatanimalscanalsohavemanyothersenses?Someofthesesensesarecommontomostanimals.Othersarerareandamazing.

Body-PositionSense

Withoutlooking,doyouknowwhereyourleftfootisrightnow?Youcananswerthisquestionbecauseyourbrainsenseswhereyourbodypartsare.Withoutthissense,ananimalwouldnotbeabletomoveanddointerestingthingswithitsbody.

PainSense

Painmightseemasthoughit'spartofthesenseoftouch,butitisn't.Peopleandotheranimalscanfeelpainevenwhennothingistouchingthem.Painhelpsusbylettingusknowthatwe'vebeenhurt.Itcanalsowarnustostoporchangewhatwearedoingbeforewegethurt.

SenseofBalance

Humansandmanyotheranimalshavetubesinsidetheirearsthatgivethemasenseofbalance.Othersenses,suchassightandknowingwhereyourbodypartsare,makebalancingeasier.Thatiswhybalancingismoredifficultwhenyoureyesareclosedoryourlegis"asleep”.

TemperatureSense

Sensinghotandcoldisimportantformanyanimals.Somebatsandsnakeshavespecialheatsensorsthatcanhelpthemfindprey.Arattlesnakecan”feel”theheatofamouse'sbodyfromoverafootaway.

TimeSense

Scientiststhinkhumanshavethebestsenseoftime,butthere'sachancethatotheranimalssenseit,too.Forexample,dogsandcatssometimesseemtosensewhenitstimefortheirownerstocomehome.

UsingSoundsto”See”

Someanimalsusesoundsto“see”thethingsaroundthem，evendeepunderwaterorinthedark.Bymakingsoundsandlisteningtoechoes,theseanimalscantellwherethingsare.Somebats,dolphins,whales,andbirdshavethisspecialsense.

Bonus-ColorVision

Didyouknowthatnaturehasmorecolorsthanthehumaneyecansee?Somebirdsandinsectscanseethoseextracolors.Seeingextracolorshelpstheseanimalsfindfoodorattractmates.

WhiskerSense

Whiskersonanimalsaren'tjustcute.Whiskershelpanimalstosensemovementintheairorwateraroundthem.Whiskerscanalsohelpanimalssqueezethroughsmallspacesorcatchotheranimalswiththeirmouths.

Electric-FieldSense

Everyanimal'sbodygivesoffaweakelectricfield.Humansandmostotherani