目錄

2010年湖南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研

真題及詳解

2011年湖南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研

真題及詳解

2012年湖南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研

真題及詳解

2013年湖南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研

真題及詳解

2010年湖南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

PartIVocabularyandStructure(30)

SectionA

Eachofthefollowingsentencesisincompleteandisfollowedby4choices

markedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.

(20×0.5′=10points)

1．Afterworkingforthefirmfortenyearshefinally_____therankof

deputy&rector.

A.achieved

B.approached

C.attained

D.acquired

【答案】C

【解析】attain通常是達到一定的等級和職位，比如：rank，level。

acquire，主要指習得，通過學習模仿才能得到，所以后面常跟賓語如，

knowledge，habit。achieve盡管是達到，但更強調(diào)達到后的成就感，

achievesuccess。

2．Thepersonheinterviewedwas_____hisformerschoolmate.

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他采訪的人不是別人，正是他以前的同學。noneother

than意思是“恰是，不是別人而正是…”，用以指人。nootherthan表

示“不是別的(事)，正是”，指事物。nonetheless依然。

3．Ifnot_____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-

temperedandgrumblesallthetime.

A.beingtreated

B.treated

C.betreated

D.havingbeentreated

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果杰克得不到他感覺自己應得的尊重的話，他就會脾

氣暴躁，一直抱怨。這里treat的邏輯主語不是Jack，而是別人，Jack應

該是“被對待”，因此要用過去分詞形式。

4．Itwassuggestedthatallgovernmentministersshould_____information

ontheirfinancialinterests.

A.discover

B.uncover

C.tell

D.disclose

【答案】D

【解析】disclose側重揭露或公開鮮為人知或保密的事。uncover只用于

貶義，一般譯作“揭露”。

5．Thepolicemenwentintoaction_____theyheardthealarm.

A.promptly

B.presently

C.quickly

D.directly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：警察一聽到警報，就采取了行動。directly在這里

是“一……就”的意思，引導時間狀語從句，相當于assoonas，同樣用法

的還有immediately，instantly。

6．Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnot

moreexpensivethan,_____attheotherstore.

A.anyone

B.theothers

C.that

D.theones

【答案】D

【解析】代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復。如果

它替代的名詞是復數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators，為特指，

故用theones。

7．_____,hedoesgetinitiatedwithhersometimes.

A.Ashelikeshermuch

B.Muchthoughhelikesher

C.Thoughmuchhelikeher

D.Muchashelikesher

【答案】D

【解析】這句話是as引導的讓步狀語從句，其句式為：名詞/動詞/副詞/

形容詞＋as＋主語＋謂語動詞（助動詞）/情態(tài)動詞/be。

8．Expertsaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto_____healthy.

A.preserve

B.stay

C.maintain

D.reserve

【答案】B

【解析】句意：專家說步行是讓一個人保持健康的最好的方式之一。

preserve,stay,maintain,reserve這4個詞均有“保持”，“維持”之意。stay后

可接形容詞作表語。stayhealthy保持健康。

9．Asforthewinter,itisinconvenienttobecold,withmostof_____

furnacefuelisallowedsavedforthedawn.

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.such

【答案】A

【解析】句意：至于冬天，天氣很冷生活很不方便，因此把撥給的大部

分燃料節(jié)省下來留著黎明時使用。what引導賓語從句，whatfurnacefuel

isallowed是個整體，被分配的燃料。

10．Forthere_____successfulcommunication,theremustbeattentiveness

andinvolvementinthediscussionitselfbyallpresent.

A.is

B.tobe

C.willbe

D.being

【答案】B

【解析】therebe用作介詞for的賓語時，要用theretobe的形式。

11．Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit

_____aswellaswehadhoped.

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在深谷里建立發(fā)電站是一個大膽的設想，但是它卻正如

我們所希望的那樣得以實現(xiàn)了。comeoff舉行，實現(xiàn)。gooff離開；進

行。bringout出版，生產(chǎn)。makeout理解；辨認出。

12．Whenanumberofpeople______togetherinaconversationalknot,

eachindividualexpresseshispositioninthegroupbywherehestands.

A.pad

B.pack

C.squeeze

D.cluster

【答案】D

【解析】句意：當很多人聚在一起討論時，每個人都在這個小組里表達

自己的立場。clustertogether集中，聚在一起。

13．Accordingtowhatyouhavejustsaid,amItounderstandthathisnew

post_____noresponsibilitywithitatall?

A.shoulders

B.possesses

C.carries

D.shares

【答案】C

【解析】句意：根據(jù)你剛才說的，我是否可以理解為他的新職位不必承

擔任何責任？carryresponsibility意為“承擔責任”，主語可以是物也可以

是人。shoulderresponsibility意為“承擔……的責任”，但其主語應為某人

而非某物。shareresponsibility意為“分擔責任”。根據(jù)題意，選項C為正

確答案。

14．TheAmericandreamismost_____duringtheperiodsofproductivity

andwealthgeneratedbyAmericancapitalism.

A.plausible

B.patriotic

C.primitive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在美國的資本主義帶來生產(chǎn)率的提高與財富增加的那段

時期，美國夢看起來最可信。plausible貌似可信的。patriotic愛國的。

primitive原始的。

15．Tom’smothertriedhardtopersuadehimto_____fromhisintentionto

investhissavingsinstockmarket.

A.pullout

B.giveup

C.drawin

D.backdown

【答案】D

【解析】句意：湯姆的媽媽竭力勸他放棄自己原來的想法，轉而將積蓄

投入股票市場。backdownfrom放棄。pullout離開，撤離。drawin引

誘；進站。

16．France’s_____ofnucleartestingintheSouthPacificlastmonth

triggeredpoliticaldebatesandmassdemonstrations.

A.assumption

B.consumption

C.presumption

D.resumption

【答案】D

【解析】句意：法國上月在南太平洋恢復核試驗觸發(fā)了政治辯論和大規(guī)

模游行。resumption恢復；重新開始。presumption放肆，傲慢。

17．MyfavoriteradiosongistheoneIfirstheardonathick1923Edison

discI_____atagaragesale.

A.trifledwith

B.scrapedthrough

C.stumbledupon

D.thirstedfor

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我最喜歡的收音機歌曲是第一次聽到的1923年艾迪遜唱

片上的一首歌，這是我在一次車庫甩賣中偶然聽到的。stumbleupon偶

然發(fā)現(xiàn)。triflewith玩弄；視同兒戲。scrapethrough勉強通過。thirstfor

渴望。

18．JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-

Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit_____inreligious,aswellas

worldly,frameofreference.

A.istobeanalyzed

B.hasbeenanalyzed

C.beanalyzed

D.shouldhavebeenanalyzed

【答案】C

【解析】在表示要求、愿望、建議、請求、命令等含義的名詞同位語從

句中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣形式，即should+動詞原形，should可

以省略。

19．Inspiteofthewiderangeofreadingmaterialspeciallywrittenor_____

forlanguagelearningpurposes,thereisyetnocomprehensivesystematic

programmeforthereadingskills.

A.adapted

B.acknowledged

C.assembled

D.appointed

【答案】A

【解析】句意：盡管有許多針對語言學習所專門創(chuàng)作或改編而來的閱讀

材料，但是目前還沒有關于閱讀技巧全面而又系統(tǒng)的規(guī)劃。adapt在這里

是“改編”的意思。

20．Thepursuitofleisureonthepartoftheemployeeswillcertainly

not_____theirprospectofpromotion.

A.spur

B.further

C.induce

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】句意：雇員們追求休閑當然不會有利于他們晉升。further指推

動其他事物向前發(fā)展。

SectionB.

Cloze(20×0.5′=10points)

OnemajorreasonforGermany’shighunemploymentandtheevident

weaknessofbusinessinvestmentisthenatureofthetaxsystem,whichtends

to(21)_____bothindividualeffortandinvestment.(22)_____corporatetax

ratesare,infact,veryhighanditistheseratesthatpotentialinvestors

primarilylookat.However,theactualburden(23)_____bycompaniesisnot

asgreatasitmightseem,becausethetaxbaseisfairlynarrow.This

combinationinitselftendstoencouragetax(24)_____atboththepersonal

and(25)_____levels.Moreover,byinternationalstandards,firmsin

Germanyarestilltaxedquiteheavily.

Areformofcorporatetaxation,therefore,shouldstartby(26)_____taxrates,

cutting(27)_____andbroadeningthetaxablebase.Theresultingpositive

impactongrowthwouldbereinforcediftherewerealsoasubstantial

(28)_____ofthenetburden.

Howdothecurrentplansforareformofcorporatetaxation(29)_____these

goals？Theoveralltaxburdenoncompaniesistobebroughtdown

significantly,withthe(30)_____of35%beingset.Tothis(31)_____,a

dramaticreductioninthecorporatetaxon(32)_____earningsisplanned.

Therelateddropinrevenuesistobe(33)_____bychangesintherules

governingtaxbreaks.

Anapproachincorporatingthesebasicfeatureswould,beawelcomestep.If

realizedinitspresentform,itshouldensurethattheobjectiveofmakingtax

ratesmoreattractiveforbusinessesisachieved.Atthesametime,however,it

wouldbe(34)_____ifanexcessivebroadeningofthetaxablebasemadeit

impossibletoattaintheequallyimportantgoalofprovidingrelief.

ComprehensivetaxreformisneededinGermanyto(35)_____investment

andtocreatenewjobs,thusputtingtheeconomyonahighergrowthpath.

Thedropinrevenuescausedbythetaxreliefgrantedtobothcompaniesand

(36)_____would,(37)_____,beatleastpartiallyoffsetbythelargervolume

oftax(38)_____producedbyeconomicgrowth.Thegapsthatremained

shouldprimarilybeclosedthroughspendingcuts.Ifmeasureofthissort

provedinadequate,then,asalast(39)_____,anincreasein(40)_____taxes

couldperhapsbeconsidered.

21．A.spur

B.encourage

C.lessen

D.discourage

22．A.Nominal

B.Artificial

C.Real

D.False

23．A.kept

B.paid

C.borne

D.accepted

24．A.payment

B.avoidance

C.aversion

D.control

25．A.corporate

B.company’s

C.corporated

D.corporation

26．A.increasing

B.inducing

C.reducing

D.deducing

27．A.subsidiaries

B.subsidies

C.bonuses

D.awards

28．A.freezing

B.tightening

C.loosening

D.easing

29．A.reflect

B.measureupto

C.incorporate

D.comeupto

30．A.floor

B.top

C.bottom

D.ceiling

31．A.end

B.purpose

C.side

D.means

32．A.earned

B.disposable

C.retained

D.taxable

33．A.offset

B.writtenoff

C.paidoff

D.repelled

34．A.comprehensive

B.unfortunate

C.objective

D.adaptable

35．A.exacerbate

B.deteriorate

C.broaden

D.spur

36．A.consumers

B.societies

C.households

D.individuals

37．A.ontime

B.overtime

C.intime

D.intruth

38．A.receipts

B.relief

C.revenues

D.grants

39．A.means

B.resort

C.approach

D.methodology

40．A.progressive

B.direct

C.regressive

D.indirect

【答案與解析】

21．B所選動詞的賓語為“individualeffortandinvestment”，因此應該選

encourage。

22．A下文說到這些稅實際上很高，但是“thetaxbaseisfairly

narrow”，由此可見并不是真正地高。nominal名義上的；有名無實的。

23．C空白處動詞的賓語為burden，因此要選borne（忍受；負荷）。

24．B前文說到稅看起來很高，但實際上稅基很窄，由此可見二者的結

合鼓勵了他們合法避稅。taxavoidance（合法）避稅。

25．Aand前為personal，因此該空應該填corporate（企業(yè)的）。

26．C根據(jù)文意可知，該空應該與“cutting”意思相近，

與“broadening”意思相反。

27．B這里的意思應該是“降低稅率，減少補貼，擴大征稅基礎”。

subsidy補貼；津貼。subsidiary子公司。

28．D前半句說到“對經(jīng)濟增長的積極作用將加強”，因此這里應該

是“減少”負擔。

29．B根據(jù)后面的“goals”可知，應該選measureupto（符合；達到）。

30．D由后面的upto可知，這里應該是最大值，即“上限”。ceiling上

限。

31．A空白處后面說到了具體的措施，由此可見是為了達到前一句話

所說的內(nèi)容。tothisend為了這個目的。

32．Cretainedearnings為會計術語，意思是“留存收益”。

33．A這里的意思是“收入的相關下降將會被稅收減免規(guī)則的改變所抵

消?！?/p>

34．C句意：然而，與此同時，如果過度擴大應稅稅基使提供救濟的同

等重要目標無法實現(xiàn)，這也是有可能客觀出現(xiàn)的情況。

35．D空白處動詞后的賓語為investment，因此應該選spur。

36．C這里說到的是“稅收減免對公司和造成的收入下降”，這里應該填

的是征稅的對象，因此應該填households（家庭，家戶）。

37．C這里的意思是應該稅收減免造成的收入下降應該“及時”被稅收收

入所抵消。intime及時。

38．A該空填的內(nèi)容應該與收入下降所抵消，因此應該填“收入”。

39．Basalastresort作為最后手段；萬不得已。

40．D前文提到的措施都是針對直接向納稅人征收的稅，即直接稅，

最后說到如果這些措施都不可行，那就可以考慮增加“間接稅”。indirect

tax間接稅。

SectionC

Directions:Thereisanunderlinedpartineachofthefollowingsentences.

Choosefromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andDtosubstitutetheunderlined

partmostapproximatelyandappropriately.Writeyouranswerontheanswer

sheet.(10×0.5′=5points)

41．Thegovernmenthasissuedanewbookletlayingdownguidelinesfor

safetyatwork.

A.inscribing

B.subscribing

C.ascribing

D.prescribing

【答案】D

【解析】句意：政府發(fā)布了一本新的小冊子，為工作安全制定了指導方

針。laydown放下；制定。prescribe規(guī)定。inscribe題寫；題獻。

subscribe簽署；贊成。ascribe歸因于。

42．Adespotisarulerwhokeepsallpowertohimselforherself.

A.hooligan

B.rascal

C.tyrant

D.swindler

【答案】C

【解析】句意：暴君是一個把所有權力都握在自己手里的統(tǒng)治者。

despot專制君主，暴君。tyrant暴君。hooligan流氓，惡棍。rascal流氓，

無賴。swindler騙子。

43．TheyfoundithardtounderstandthatTomwhohadoncestrongly

detestedpetdogscouldbesoengrossedinpetraisingthesedays.

A.destitute

B.absorbed

C.engulfed

D.captured

【答案】B

【解析】句意：湯姆曾經(jīng)一度非常討厭寵物狗，現(xiàn)在卻對寵物的飼養(yǎng)十

分癡迷，這讓他們很難理解。engrossedin埋頭于，熱衷于。absorbedin

專心；熱衷于……。destitute窮困的；無的。

44．LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】句意：上星期天，她意外來訪。outoftheblue突然地；意外

地。unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地。untidily不整潔地；凌亂地。

45．Theywerefuriouswhenoneoneoftheirbestmanagerswaspoachedby

anothercompany.

A.headhunted

B.punched

C.plundered

D.probed

【答案】A

【解析】句意：當最好的經(jīng)理之一被另一家公司挖走時，他們非常憤

怒。poach偷獵；竊取。headhunt獵頭，物色人才。punch開洞；以拳重

擊。plunder掠奪；搶劫。probe探查。

46．Theinkhadfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwereunreadable.

A.indelible

B.inscrutable

C.illegible

D.illegitimate

【答案】C

【解析】句意：墨水隨著時間的推移已經(jīng)褪色，所以這封信的某些部分

無法閱讀。illegible難辨認的；字跡模糊的。indelible難忘的；擦不掉

的。inscrutable神秘的；不可理解的。illegitimate私生的；非法的。

47．Shebristledatthesuggestionthatshehadbeendishonest.

A.bridled

B.bridged

C.breathed

D.boasted

【答案】A

【解析】句意：她對別人關于她不誠實的說法十分憤怒。bristleat

對……感到憤怒。bridleat為……所激怒，生……的氣。boast夸口說，

自吹自擂說。

48．TheRomanssubduedalargepartofEuropeandtheMiddleEast.

A.submitted

B.surpassed

C.conquered

D.oppressed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：羅馬人征服了歐洲和中東的大部分地區(qū)。subdue鎮(zhèn)壓，

制服。conquer戰(zhàn)勝，征服。surpass超越；勝過。oppress壓迫，壓抑。

49．Thewaitressesdislikedservinghimhisdinnerbecauseofhisvery

fastidioustaste.

A.fancy

B.capricious

C.meticulous

D.corpulent

【答案】C

【解析】句意：服務員不喜歡為他提供晚餐，因為他的品味非常挑剔。

fastidious挑剔的；苛求的。meticulous一絲不茍的；小心翼翼的。

capricious反復無常的；任性的。corpulent肥胖的。

50．Ifthegrandjuryindictsthesuspecthewillgototrial.

A.agrees

B.charges

C.abdicates

D.confesses

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果大陪審團起訴嫌疑犯，他將出庭受審。indict控

告，起訴。charge指控，控告。abdicate退位；放棄。confess承認；坦

白。

SectionD

Directions:Fillineachblankbyreferringtothewordgiveninthe

paraphrasesandchangingtheformofthewordifnecessary.Pleasewrite

youranswersontheanswersheet.(10×0.5′=5points)

51．WhetherornotHugowasawall-painter,therecordsofhisactivitiesas

carverandmanuscriptpainterattesttohis_____.(versatile).

【答案】versatility

【解析】versatile為形容詞，意思是“多才多藝的，萬能的”，這里應該

填入其名詞形式。

52．Medicine’sfinesthourbecomesthedawnofitsdilemmas.Forcenturies,

medicinewasimpotentandhence_____.(problem).

【答案】unproblematic

【解析】句意：醫(yī)學的最佳時期是其困境的曙光。幾個世紀以來醫(yī)學的

無能從今以后將不成問題。由第一句話可知，醫(yī)學即將走出困境，

hence表示“今后”，因此這里應該填一個有積極意義的形容詞。

53．Whatanignominiousdestinyformedicineifitsfutureturnedintooneof

bestowingmeagerincrementsof_____life.(enjoy)

【答案】unenjoyed

【解析】句意：如果醫(yī)學未來只是起延長痛苦的生命的作用，那么它的

命運將多么可恥??！ignominious的意思是“可恥的”，因此空白處應該填

一個消極的形容詞。

54．Medicinehasledtovastlyinflatedexpectations,whichthepublichas

eagerlyswallowed.Yetastheseexpectationsgrowunlimited,theybecome

_____.(fulfill)

【答案】unfulfillable

【解析】句意：藥物給公眾帶來了過高的期望。然而，隨著這些期望的

無限增長，它們也變得越來越無法實現(xiàn)。由句意可知，公眾對藥物的期

望越來越高，這些期望也就越來越無法實現(xiàn)。

55．Therushtoopenhitherto_____areastomasstourismisnotbeing

welcomedbyeveryone.Indigenousandenvironmentalgroupssaythatmany

partsoftheAndeswillsufferiftheybecomeover-developed.(access)

【答案】inaccessible

【解析】由句中的“open”即后文的“manypartsoftheAndes”可知，這里

說的是“人跡罕至的”地區(qū)。

56．Thefourstagesidentifiedinmakingachangearecalled_____(resisting

thechange),contemplation(weighingtheprosandconsofthechange),

action(exercisingwillpowertomakethechange),andmaintenance(using

willpowertosustainthechange).(contemplate)

【答案】precontemplation

【解析】由句子可知，這一階段在contemplation之前，給出的提示詞又

是contemplate，因此是“前預期階段”。

57．Investorsseekingacheap,no-frillswaytosell_____sharesneedlook

nofurtherthanthepostbox.(private)

【答案】privatization

【解析】privatizationshares私有化股份。

58．Thefirstchapterdiscussesaspectsofthe_____oftechnologicalchange

andthengoesontoconsiderwhattheliteraturehashadtosay.(concept)

【答案】conceptualization

【解析】這里的意思是“第一章討論了技術變革的概念化”。

conceptualization概念化；化為概念。

59．Medical_____isdesignedtobeunsatisfying.Theprolongationoflife

andandthesearchforperfecthealth(beauty,youth,happiness)areinherently

self-defeating.(consume)

【答案】consumerism

【解析】“Theprolongationoflifeandthesearchforperfect

health”為“medical_____”的內(nèi)容，因此填consumerism。

60．Noamountofgovernmentexhortationor_____willcompletely

eliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomake

endsmeet.(paternal)

【答案】paternalism

【解析】由or前的exhortation可知，這里應該填入一個名詞。paternalism

家長式統(tǒng)治。

PartIReadingComprehension(40points)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagefollowedby5questions.

Readthepassagecarefullyandthengivebriefanswerstothequestionsbelow

inthefewestwordspossible.(5×2′=10)

Passage1

Everysecond,1hectareoftheworld’srainforestisdestroyed.That’s

equivalenttotwofootballfields.AnareathesizeofNewYorkCityislost

everyday.Inayear,thataddsupto31millionhectares—morethantheland

areaofPoland.Thisalarmingrateofdestructionhasseriousconsequences

fortheenvironment;scientistsestimate,forexample,that137speciesof

plant,insectoranimalbecomeextincteverydayduetologging.InBritish

Columbia,where,since1990,thirteenrainforestvalleyshavebeenclearcut,

142speciesofsalmonhavealreadybecomeextinct,andthehabitatsof

grizzlybears,wolvesandmanyothercreaturesarethreatened.Logging,

however,providesjobs,profits,taxesforthegovernmentandcheapproducts

ofallkindsforconsumers,sothegovernmentisreluctanttorestrictor

controlit.

MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.

AccordingtotheCanadianPulpandPaperAssociation,Canadasupplies34%

oftheworld’swoodpulpand49%ofitsnewsprintpaper.Ifthesepaper

productscouldbeproducedinsomeotherway,Canadianforestscouldbe

preserved.Recently,apossiblealternativewayofproducingpaperhasbeen

suggestedbyagriculturalistsandenvironmentalists:aplantcalledhemp.

Hemphasbeencultivatedbymanyculturesforthousandsofyears.It

producesfiberwhichcanbemadeintopaper,fuel,oils,textiles,food,and

rope.Formanycenturies,itwasessentialtotheeconomiesofmanycountries

becauseitwasusedtomaketheropesandcablesusedonsailingships;

colonialexpansionandtheestablishmentofaworldwidetradingnetwork

wouldnothavebeenpossiblewithouthemp.Nowadays,ships’cablesare

usuallymadefromwireorsyntheticfibers,butscientistsarenowsuggesting

thatthecultivationofhempshouldberevivedfortheproductionofpaperand

pulp.Accordingtoitsproponents,fourtimesasmuchpapercanbeproduced

fromlandusinghempratherthantrees,andmanyenvironmentalistsbelieve

thatthelarge-scalecultivationofhempcouldreducethepressureon

Canada’sforests.

However,thereisaproblem:hempisillegalinmanycountriesoftheworld.

Thisplant,sousefulforfiber,rope,oil,fuelandtextiles,isaspeciesof

cannabis,relatedtotheplantfromwhichmarijuanaisproduced.Inthelate

1930s,amovementtobanthedrugmarijuanabegantogatherforce,resulting

intheeventualbanningofthecultivationnotonlyoftheplantusedto

producethedrug,butalsoofthecommercialfiber-producinghempplant.

AlthoughbothGeorgeWashingtonandThomasJeffersongrewhempinlarge

quantitiesontheirownland,anyAmericangrowingtheplanttodaywould

soonfindhimselfinprison—despitethefactthatmarijuanacannotbe

producedfromthehempplant,sinceitcontainsalmostnoTHC(theactive

ingredientinthedrug).

Inrecentyears,twomajormovementsforlegalizationhavebeengathering

strength.OnegroupofactivistsbelievesthatALLcannabisshouldbelegal—

boththehempplantandthemarijuanaplant—andthattheuseofthedrug

marijuanashouldnotbeanoffense.Theyarguethatmarijuanaisnot

dangerousoraddictive,andthatitisusedbylargenumbersofpeoplewho

arenotcriminalsbutproductivemembersofsociety.Theyalsopointoutthat

marijuanaislesstoxicthanalcoholortobacco.Theotherlegalization

movementisconcernedonlywiththehempplantusedtoproducefiber;this

groupwantstomakeitlegaltocultivatetheplantandsellthefiberforpaper

andpulpproduction.Thissecondgrouphashadamajortriumphrecently:in

1997,Canadalegalizedthefarmingofhempforfiber.Forthefirsttimesince

1938,hundredsoffarmersareplantingthiscrop,andsoonwecanexpectto

seepulpandpaperproducedfromthisnewsource.

1．WhyispulpandpaperproductionimportanttoCanada?

2．Whoissuggestingthatpulpandpapercouldbeproducedwithoutcutting

downtrees?

3．Whywastheplanthempessentialtoworld-widetradeinthepast?

4．Whydoagriculturaliststhinkthathempwouldbebetterforpaper

productionthantrees?

5．Whatchemicalingredientofcannabisplantsisapowerfuldrug?

【答案與解析】

1．Becausepulpandpaperproductionprovideslargebenefitsforboth

governmentsandconsumers.

（第一段最后一句說到，由于伐木為政府提供了就業(yè)機會、利潤和稅

收，為消費者提供了廉價產(chǎn)品，因此政府不愿限制或控制它。）

2．Agriculturalistsandenvironmentalists.

（第二段最后一句說到，農(nóng)業(yè)學家和環(huán)保主義者提出了一種可能的替代

方法：一種叫做大麻的植物。）

3．Becauseitwasusedtomaketheropesandcablesusedonsailingships.

（由第三段可知，許多個世紀以來，它對許多國家的經(jīng)濟都是至關重要

的，因為它被用來制造帆船上使用的繩索；沒有大麻，殖民擴張和建立

世界范圍的貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡將不可能完成。）

4．Becausefourtimesasmuchpapercanbeproducedfromlandusinghemp

ratherthantrees.

（第三段最后說到在同樣多的土地上，種植大麻所造的紙是種樹造紙數(shù)

量的四倍。）

5．THC.

（倒數(shù)第二段最后說到了THC是毒品中的有效成分。）

SectionB

Directions:Thereare7passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

(30×1′=30points)

Passage2

Themostpreciousfluidonearthisnotoil,butwater.Waterisbasictolife

andhealth.Apersoncansurviveseveraldaysorevenweekswithoutfood,

butonlyashorttimewithoutwater.Over1billionpeopleworldwidehaveno

accesstosafedrinkingwater.Therearefewchallengesasimportantas

conservingtheworld’susablewaterandsupplyingcleandrinkingwaterand

waterforirrigationtothosewhoneedit.Yetthisworkisnotgettingdone.

Humansaredepletingtheearth’sstoreofusablewaterataratethatwillsoon

threatenourfoodsupply.Poorwatermanagementalreadykillsmillionsof

peopleayearandcondemnshundredsofmillionstohunger.

Thetechnologyexiststosolvetheseproblems.Providingslumswithdrinking

waterandsanitation,forexample,iseasytodoandacost-effectivewayto

preventdeathsanddisease.Butbecausethosewhosufferarepoor,their

accesstowaterisrarelyapoliticalpriority.Thereisnowanopportunityfor

progress.Morethan100waterministersfromaroundtheworld,alongwith

thousandsofwaterexpertsfromvillagerstoscientists,havegatheredinthe

Netherlands.Theconferencewillbeusefulifitcanpersuadegovernments

andinternationalbankstopaymoreattentiontoconservationandfair

distributionofwater.

In1980,theU.N.setagoalofsafedrinkingwaterforallby1990.Becauseof

internationalprodding,abouttwobillionnewpeoplereceivedcleandrinking

wateroverthesubsequent14years.Anewcommitmentisurgentlyneededto

spreadthesehealthgains,helppoorfarmersandconservetheworld’s

precioussupplyofusablewater.

6．Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto_____.

A.entertain

B.persuade

C.inform

D.tellastory

7．Theorganizationalpatternusedinthispassageisbestdescribedas_____.

A.chronologicalorder

B.simplelistingofideas

C.division/classification

D.spatialorder

8．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthepartsofthefollowingsentencefrom

thepassage?"Butbecausethosewhosufferarepoor,theiraccesstowateris

rarelyapoliticalpriority."

A.cause/effect

B.listingofideas

C.comparison/contrast

D.placeorder

9．Whichstatementfromthepassageisafact?

A.Themostpreciousfluidonearthisnotoil,butwater.

B.Fewchallengesareasimportantasconservingusablewater.

C.Anewcommitmentisurgentlyneeded.

D.Abouttwobillionnewpeoplereceivedcleandrinkingwater.

10．Theauthor’stoneinthispassagecanbestbedescribedas_____.

A.neutral

B.impassioned

C.opinionated

D.hostile

【答案與解析】

6．B本文主要介紹了水的重要性和如今存在的一些問題，最后呼吁人

們“spreadthesehealthgains,helppoorfarmersandconservetheworld’s

precioussupplyofusablewater”，由此可見本文的主要目的是勸說人們珍

惜寶貴的水。

7．B此題問道本文的組織模式是怎樣的，文章中作者羅列了一些現(xiàn)象，

由此表達了他的觀點，因此B項正確。chronologicalorder時間順序。

spatialorder空間順序。

8．A由這句話中的“because”可知，兩個分句之間是因果關系。

9．D題目問道下列哪項陳述是事實。最后一段第二句說到，由于國際

上的努力，能夠引用干凈的飲用水的人新增了大約20億。

10．C由文章中“Themostpreciousfluidonearthisnotoil,but

water.”，“Therearefewchallengesasimportantasconservingtheworld’s

usablewater...”可知，作者的說法夸張，因此他的語氣是“武斷的”。

Passage3

ExpertssaytheseprogramsareprobablytheonesusedtojamtheInternet’s

mostpopularsites:CalledTribalVillage,abbreviatedTFN,andTrinoo.They

areInternettimebombs.

AllisonTaylorofNetworkAssociatessays,"They’reroadmapsforpeopleto

copyfromandthenyouhavecopycatattacksoverandoverandover."We

foundtheminseveralplaces;they’reprepackaged.Thehackerdownloads

andhackstheprogramintoanumberofunsuspectingcomputers.

JohnVranesevichofAsays,"Thatsoftwareapplicationsimply

sitstheredormantuntilahackerhasgottenalargeenoughcollectionthathe

choosestoactivatethose,andthenfromhismachinehecanactivatethose

andpointthentoaspecifictarget."

Thetargetssofarthisweek,atleast,Yahoo,eBay,Amazon,CNN,Buy,

eTradeandzdNet.Thecostsaremounting.

PhilipAllinghamofZDTVsays,"There’sadvertisingrevenuethatcomes

fromthebanners,butmoreimportantly,providingnewsandinformationout

thereforourviewership.Theycan’tcomeandfindoutfromus;they’regoing

togosomewhereelse."

Thiskindofhackfloodsawebsitewithsomanyrequestsitcan’tcope.

SourcestellCNNthatYahoowashammeredwithrequestsatonegigabyte

persecond.That’slike104-millionpeopledialinginatonce.

ThewebsiteAntiOnlinepoststhesoftwarepubliclyhopingsomeonewill

createafix.

RichardPoweroftheComputerSecurityInstitutesays,"Theonlythingsyou

candoissecureyoursitewellenoughsothatyoursitecan’tbeusedbya

hackerasalaunchingpoint."

Andmanyfailedthetest.

AllisonTaylorsays,"Forthisattacktohappenonallthesecompanies,there

hadtobelotsofcomputersouttherethatwerevulnerable."

Webmastersareinatoughspot.

KevinPursegloveofeBaysays,"ThebasicaspectofanInternetsiteistobe

openandaccessibletothepublic."

Andvulnerabletowhatexpertsarenowcallinghacktivists.Whydothis?

Bestguess:acclaimfromotherhackers.

KevinPurseglovesays,"andiftheyweren’toutbreakingthesesitesand

tryingtotakethemdown,they’dbeouttaggingtheirinitialsontall

buildings."

RichardPowersays,"Itcouldbeahacktivistoranumberofhacktivistswho

aresickandtiredofthecommercializationoftheInternet."

Sofarallofthetargetshavebeenverylarge,andverycommercial.

11．Ahackeris______.

A.someonewhobreaksintoandusessomeoneelse’scomputer

B.someonewhobreakscommercials

C.someonewhofixessomeoneelse’scomputer

D.someonewhodoesnotknowaboutcomputers

12．Theprogramswhichwereusedbythehackerswere______.

A.madebythehackersandputoncomputers

B.notfoundbytheexperts

C.prepackagedandfoundonmanycomputers

D.hardtofind

13．Yahoo,eBay,Amazon,CNN,Buy,eTradeandzNetare______.

A.storesontheweb

B.largecommercialwebsites

C.smallcommercialwebsites

D.publicgovernmentwebsites

14．Ifsomeonesendsamessagethesizeofonegigabyte,______.

A.itisalarge.

B.itisverysmall

C.ittakeslittletimeforacomputertoread.

D.itisthesizeofashortnote.

15．Hackerscandothisbecause______.

A.computersarehardtoreach

B.everyonehastheircomputerslocked

C.computersarenotverysecure

D.companiesaskthemtodoit

【答案與解析】

11．A由第二段“Thehackerdownloadsandhackstheprograminto...”可

知，黑客可以入侵并使用別人的電腦。

12．C第二段中說到“Wefoundtheminseveralplaces;they’re

prepackaged.”，因此C項正確。

13．B由最后一段最后一句“Sofarallofthetargetshavebeenverylarge,

andverycommercial.”可知，這些網(wǎng)站都是“l(fā)a