首師附高2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語學(xué)科試題2023.12第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)，20分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1分，共4分）聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將有5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話你將聽一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Theywillhavebreakfastsoon.B.Theywillhavelunchwithoutwaitingforfather.C.Theywillhavelunchwhenthefatherisback.2.Whatcanweknowfromthedialogue?A.Thecakeissodeliciousthateverybodywillloveit.B.Thewomanwilltellthemanhowtomakethecake.C.Themanwillcookacakeforhischildren.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Nobodyobeysthetrafficrules.B.Somedriversdon’tcaremuchaboutthetraffic.C.DriversliketakingU-turnsinthemiddleoftheroad.4.Wherearethespeakerslikelytobe?A.Atthemovie. B.Atthemarket. C.Atthebeach.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將有5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話你將聽兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第5至6小題。5.Whydidthemandecidetobuythesunglasses?A.Becausehelikedthecolorandthestyleverymuch.B.Becausethesunglasseswereonsale.C.Becausethesunglassessuithimwellandtherewasadiscount.6.Whatwastheoriginalpriceforthesunglasses?A.180yuan. B.270yuan. C.360yuan.聽下面一段對話，回答第7至8題。7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewillprobablybebusyinafewdays.B.She’stheman’ssecretary.C.She’saworkaholic.8.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenshehasnothingtodo?A.Stressed. B.Lazy. C.Uncomfortable.聽下面一段對話，回答第9至10題。9.HowdidthewomanlearnChinese?A.SheoncewenttoJapan.B.Shelearneditinschool.C.Shelearneditfromherfather.10.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninChina?A.For30years. B.For20years. C.For25years.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至12題。11.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Friends.12.Whydidthemanputhisfeetonthewoman’stable?A.Becausehewantedtomakethetabledirty.B.Becausehefeltgoodwithhisfeetonthetable.C.Becausehewantedtobuythetablewithalowprice.聽下面一段獨白，回答第13至14題。13.Whyhavethefiresspreadsofast?A.Becauseofthedroughtconditions.B.Becausetherearetoomanyplants.C.Becausefewpeoplearefightingthefire.14.Whatisthedriver’sattitudetowardputtingoutthefirequickly?A.Optimistic. B.Uninterested. C.Doubtful.第三節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1.5分，共6分）聽下面一段獨白，完成第15至18四道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽獨白前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段獨白你將聽兩遍。將答案填寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置。TechniquestoimprovememoryTechniquesExamplesUseyourmemoryasmuchaspossibleTrytolearnsomethingnew,becausethe15activitiescanstimulatethebrain.16focusingTakeanyobjectandthinkaboutitsvariouscharacteristics.RelaxTryholdingyour17fortenseconds,andthenreleaseitslowly.AssociateThinkaboutaspecialfeatureofaperson’sfaceandthen18withhisname.第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Onlinegamersconstantlymakelifeanddeathdecisionsattheirkeyboards—butit’sjustagame.ATexasgamerwasfacedwithareal-lifesituationandhelped19thelifeofafellowplayer—5,000milesaway.Aidan,inEngland,wasplayinganonlinegameinhisbedroomwhenhehadaseizure.Hisplayingpartner,Dia,inTexas.justputherheadsetonandheardwhatshecouldonlydescribeasaseizure,soshestartedtoget20andaskedwhatwasgoingonandifhewasOK.Whenhedidn’trespond,she21startedtolookuptheemergencynumberintheUK.Whenthatdidn’twork,shejusthadtohopethenon-emergencynumberwouldwork.Ithadan22fortalkingtoarealperson.Someoneansweredthecallandshehadtoforceherselfnotto23andtostaycalm.“Hi,I’m24intheUSandinacallwithmyfriend,”Diatoldtheoperator.“Hehadaseizureandhe’snotrespondinganymore.Idohavehis25Noone’shomewithhimrightnow,soI’mjusttryingtogethimsomehelp.”Actually,Aidan’sparentswerewatchingtelevisiondownstairsanddidnot26theirsonwasindangeruntilthreepoliceofficersknockedattheirdoor.“WeareextremelythankfulforwhatDiadidand27thatwecouldbedownstairsandnotknowanythingwashappening,”Aidan’smothersaid.“Diahadouraddressbutdidn’thaveanycontactnumbers,soitwasamazingthatshe28togethelpfromsofaraway.I’vespokentoherandexpressedourthanks—she’sgladshecouldhelp.”19.A.spare B.enrich C.devote D.save20.A.threatened B.trapped C.concerned D.annoyed21.A.eventually B.instantly C.suddenly D.especially22.A.option B.order C.arrangement D.action23.A.explode B.complain C.panic D.quit24.A.accidentally B.currently C.obviously D.frequently25.A.age B.name C.number D.address26.A.decide B.explain C.realize D.judge27.A.relieved B.shocked C.puzzled D.bored28.A.managed B.learned C.hoped D.promised第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題15分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AThereisoneroadthatspansthousandsofyears.Alongitaretheechoesofcamelbelts,29(connect)pastwithpresent.Crossingmountainsandseas,theroadunveilsapromisingtraderoutebetweentheEastandWest.Theroadfullyembracesthediversityofcivilizations.30(propose)byChinain2013,theroadbelongstothewholeworldwithpeaceanddevelopmentasitsbeacon.It31(embody)principlesofextensiveconsultationandjointcontributionforsharedbenefits.Eventuallyitleadstoavisionofhappinessandwell-beingforpeopleofallcountries.Itisabondofcooperationaswellasfriendship.Itisnotonlyaroadoftrade,butalsoaroadofhappiness.BResearchersarestudyingtheunconsciousreactionsthathappenwhenwemakeeyecontact.Theyhavefoundthatmakingeyecontactmakesuslessawareof32ishappeningaroundus.Webecomemorefocusedonthepersonlookingatus.Eyecontactalsoincreasesbrainactivityandmakesusmoreself-conscious.Evenlookingatapainting33appearstobemakingeyecontactcanalsoaffectareasofthebrainrelatedtothinkingaboutourselvesandotherpeople.Studieshavealsoshownthatitis34(hard)forpeopletoconcentratewhensomeoneislookingatthem.Thisformofeyecontactinterfereswithour35(imagine)andevenourworkingmemory.C36(celebrate)DragonBoatFestival,anunderwaterdanceperformancetitledPraywasairedonHenanTVlastSaturdaynight,thefirstdayoftheholiday.FeaturingthegoddessofLuoRiver—amysteriousbeautybestknowninthepoetryofCaoZhiduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,,thedancerHaohaoHe,37formersynchronizedswimmer(花樣游泳),recreatedtheeleganceofthisancientChinesegoddess.Theentiredance38(film)in26hours,accordingtotheshow’sdirectorJiyongGuo.Netizens,amazedbytheperformance,commentedeveryframeofitlookslikeamural(壁畫).Somesaiditspeakstorealculturalconfidence.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.●Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(傾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.●Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings.parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.39.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan________.A.storeelectricity B.powerthewheelsCsendinformationtotheriders D.receivedataandgivecommand40.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused________.A.oncampus B.inparks C.onbikepaths Dinshoppingmalls41.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality.B.Torecommendagifchoice.C.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.BObjectsWhenmyfatherdied,oneofthetasksthatfelltomewastosortthroughanddecidewhichobjectstosaveandwhichtothrowaway.NowIlookattheobjectsofmylifeasifIweredead,wondering,whatwillmychildrendowiththehumanskull(頭骨)thatsitsonthebookcase?They’vebeenwantingtothrowitoutforsomeyears,butwilltheyknowhowmuchcanbelearnedfromlivingwithaskull?AndIknowtheywillthrowthewhiteplasticheadofahorseonmydeskintoarubbishbagwithoutathought,neverknowingthatitistheonlypieceremainingfromthefirstchesssetIowned.Itismeatagetwelve.Butthefinaldecisionsarelefttothosewhoknowusleast—ourchildren.Iwastheclosesttomyfatherandknewhimwell;however,onlywhenIwasgoingthroughhisstudydidIlearnhehadcollectedpicturepostcardsofhotels.WhatwasItodowithalltheobjectsthathadbeenhim?Thesadpartofmewantedtoputeverythinginmycarandtakeithome.Therational(理性的)won,however,andIfilledrubbishbagswitholdnewspapers,magazines,apologizingtohisspiritasIdid.Icouldnotthrowoutthethousandsofpictureshehadtakenonhistravels.Ibroughtthepictureshome,thoughIwillneverlookatthem.Ibroughttwelveboxesofmyfatherhome.Ilookattheobjectsthataremylifeandtheonlywaymychildrencansatisfymeisbynottouchingathing.ButtheymustifIamtogoonwithmydeath.AndIwonderhowmanyboxesofmewillmychildrenkeep?Ilookattheseobjectsthataremeandknow,too,thattheyaresymbolsofhowaloneIandeachofusis,fornooneknowswhatanyobjectmeansexceptheorshewhoownsit.Everyobjectofourlivesisamemory,andemotionsurroundsaroundit,hidingandprotectingatinytruthoftheheart.OnlyInavethememoriesofwhenandhoweachonewasobtained;Ilookattheobjectsthatareme.andthememoriesarewarmandpermeatedwithlove.42.Whydoesthewriterkeeptheplasticheadofahorse?A.Becauseitbringsbackmemoriesofhischildhood.B.BecauseheaccepteditasaprizeforacompetitionC.Becauseitmakeshimaverygoodchessplayer.D.Becausehisfathergaveittohimasagift.43.Howdidthewriterdealwiththeremainingobjectsofhisfatherafterhedied?A.Hethreweverythingaway. B.Hesavedsomeoftheworthlessobjects.C.Hetooksomeofthemtohisownhouse.D.Hesortedthemandputthemintogoodorder.44.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?A.Heknowsmoreabouthisfatherafterhisfatherdied.B.Hereliesonhischildrentodealwithhispossessions.C.HepreferstocollectdifferentskullsD.Heisverystrictwithhischildren.45.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theobjectswesave________.A.serveasthesymbolsofoursocialclassB.areremindersofpastexperiencesC.arequiteexpensiveandvaluableD.makeusproudofourselvesCAbutterfly’swingscanhavemanyjobsbesideskeepingtheinsecthighupintheair.Theymaybeusedtoattractmates,ortowarmpotentialattackerstostayaway.Alloftheseroles,though,dependontheirunchangingcolouration.Thisplaysintotheideathatbutterflywingsaredeadtissue,likeabird’sfeathers.Infact,that’snottrue.Forexample,insomespeciesmales’wingshavespecialcellsreleasingsomechemicalswhichattractfemales.NanfangYu,aphysicistatColumbiaUniversity,inNewYork,hasbeenlookingintothematter.TogetherwithNaomiPierce,abutterflyspecialistatHarvardUniversity,hehasnowshown,inapaperpublishedinNatureCommunicationsinFebruary,2020,thatbutterflywingsare,indeed,verymuchalive.Intheirexperiments,thetworesearchersusedalasertoheatupspotsonthewingsofdozensofbutterflyspecies.Whenthetemperatureoftheareaunderthelaserreached40℃orso,theinsectsrespondedwithinsecondsbydoingthingsthatstoppedtheirwingsheatingupfurther.Theseactionsincludedabutterflyturningaroundtominimizeitsprofiletothelaser,movingitswingsupanddownorsimplywalkingaway.Butterfliesengagedinalloftheseheat-minimizingactivitiesevenwhentheresearchersblindfoldedthem.Thatsuggestedtherelevantsensorswereonthewingsthemselves.Dr.YuandDr.Piercethereforesearchedthosewingsforlikelylookingsensorycells.Theyfoundsome,intheformofneurons(神經(jīng)元)thatweresimilartoheatdetectorsknownfromotherinsects.Theyalsouncovereddisc-shapedcellsthatappearedtobesimilartopressure-sensitiveneurons.Theyguessthatthesearetheretodetectdeformationofthewing—informationaninsectcouldusetocontrolitsflightpattern.Thethirddiscoverytheymadetocontradictthe“deadwing”ideawasthatsomebutterflywingshaveaheartbeat.Abutterfly’swingshaveveins(靜脈).Thesecarryabloodlikeliquidwhich,researchershavenowfoundinmales,showsapulseofseveraldozenbeatsperminute.Thesourceofthispulseappearstobethescentpad,adarkspotonthewingsthatproducesthefemale-attractingchemicals.Apparently,this“wingheart”actsasapumpthathelpsbloodlikeliquidthroughthescentpad.Inalltheirexperimentssimulatingdifferentenvironmentalconditions,Dr.YuandDr.Pierceconsistentlyfoundthat,differentpartsofthewingarecoveredbydifferentsortsofscales(鱗屑).Inparticular,tubespassthroughscalesoverthescentpads.Thisimprovestheirabilitytospreadheatawayandhelpskeepthelivingpartsofabutterfly’swingalive.46.Abird’sfeathersarementionedinParagraph1to________.A.introducethelatestresearchfindingsonabirdB.highlightthespecialfeatureofabird’sfeathersC.showcommonknowledgeaboutbutterflywingsD.stressthedifferencebetweenabutterflyandabird47.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.YuandDr.Pierce’sexperiments?A.Butterflywingsarecomplicatedlivingorgans.B.Butterflywingshavelittlereactiontoexternalheat.CThescentpadsonsomemalebutterflywingsaretheirhearts.D.Heat-minimizingactivitieshelpdetectdeformationofthewings.48.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?ASeeingIsBelieving B.MoreThanMeetsTheEyeC.NothingSeek,NothingFind DFineFeathersMakeFineBirdsDWetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore“resilient”,butwhateverwe’redoing,it’snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens(過敏原)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprive(剝奪)themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrow,strong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejection.It’snotthekids’fault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless.Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennairwarned:“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthandidthepreviousgeneration.Besides,thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharmingthemselves.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryandextraordinarychallengesoflife?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobecomestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.49.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?A.Tostressitsimportance. B.Toanalyzethecauseofanxiety.C.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery. D.Tohelpunderstandanewword.50.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause________.A.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren’ssafetyB.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedC.parent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD.childrenarenotindependentenough51.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan________.A.promotechildren’sresilience B.strengthenchildren’sfriendshipC.reducechildren’sriskybehavior D.developchildren’sleadershipskills52.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Stoptryingtoperfectyourchild.B.Ittakesgreatcouragetoraisechildren.C.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D.Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinkingWhatiscriticalthinking?Toacertaindegree,it’samatteroflogic—ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinotherpeople’sargumentsandtoavoidtheminyourown.Italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytherelationshipsamongideas.53Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.That,too,iscriticalthinking.54Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanicalexercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotjustamatterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.55Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.56Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.57Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsasacriticalthinkerinmanycircumstances.ThisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.E.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.第四部分：書面表達（共一節(jié)，12分）閱讀表達（共4小題；第58、59小題各2分，第60小題3分；第61小題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。CollectingAsaHobbyCollecting