第二講靠重復(fù)信息解疑難問題實際上，閱讀七選五的題目選擇不是個個都難，難就難在其中1～3道特別的題目上，這些題目或是因為蘊含的信息更為豐富，或是選項高度相似，或是邏輯關(guān)系相近，總讓人感到很是糾結(jié)。那么，此時就要學(xué)會利用種種重復(fù)信息，達(dá)到抽絲剝繭的效果。1.原詞重復(fù)信息原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)指一個句子中的關(guān)鍵詞（常為動詞、名詞、形容詞）會反復(fù)出現(xiàn)在文中的其他句子中。這些詞會以不同詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn)，如“l(fā)ooks”與“l(fā)ooking”“l(fā)ooked”“go”與“going”“went”等。根據(jù)語言習(xí)慣，第一句的賓語往往是第二句的主語，或者前后句有相同、重疊的詞匯。因此，要學(xué)會尋找空處前后句中的相同關(guān)鍵詞[典例]（2022·全國乙卷）·Practiseempathy（共情）38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind[解析]根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Practiseempathy（共情）”可知，本段主要講述的是“踐行共情”。根據(jù)空后一句“Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.”可知，G項“你可能是離開的那個朋友，也可能是那個被留下的（朋友）”其中的“Thefriend”原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是解題提示，同時與下文的語境相符且符合該段主題。[答案]G2.代詞重復(fù)信息為了避免與上文提到的名詞重復(fù)，用不同的代詞指代上文提到的人、事物或事件，如：it指代單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞、句子，they指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，ones泛指復(fù)數(shù)名詞，還有反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞等[典例]（2022·浙江卷）Theworldwon'tcometoanendinmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.Celebrateprogressandkeeprefining（改進(jìn)）towardahappyproductiveexistence.35Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.A.Speedup.B.Beanactivelearner.C.Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D.Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E.Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F.Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G.Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.[解析]下文“Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.”指出事情要一件一件去做。G項中的“makinglists”與之相呼應(yīng)。由此可推斷出，G項“這就是列清單在任何生產(chǎn)效率指南中都重要的原因?！狈险Z境，this指代上文“Theworldwon'tcometoanendinmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.Celebrateprogressandkeeprefining（改進(jìn)）towardahappyproductiveexistence.”[答案]G3.派生詞重復(fù)信息[典例]（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport？E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice？F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]空前一句提到你和你的同伴可能會有不同的技能，空后一句提到隨著時間的推移，你們兩個都會受益，由此可以推斷，F(xiàn)項（接受你們的不同，學(xué)會彼此合作）承上啟下，符合語境。F項中的acceptyourdifferences對應(yīng)空前一句中的differentskills，其中different的派生詞difference也是一個很好的解題信息。[答案]F4.同義詞重復(fù)信息eq\a\vs4\al(此處的同義詞多指意義相同或相近的詞、詞組或句子，如room和space)[典例]（2021·浙江卷）Iftherearethreelinesinthestore，delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability：33Soit'snotjustinyourmind：Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou？B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines？C.Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline？F.Withthreeregisters，thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes，asonaSundayafternoon，thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.[解析]考查上下文銜接。空前的probability與D項中的chances相呼應(yīng)，同時D項與空后一句Soit'snotjustinyourmind：Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。[答案]D5.反義詞重復(fù)信息eq\a\vs4\al(顧名思義，此處指上下文中有互為相反詞義的單詞、短語或者意思相反的句子)[典例]（2021·全國甲卷）Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes，theorganizationoftheevent，and，obviously，howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo！Hereareafewpointers.?Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.37，andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom；morethanthat，anditbecomesuncontrollable.A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition[解析]根據(jù)本段空處下文“morethanthat，anditbecomesuncontrollable”可知，分號前后是兩個相反意義的對比關(guān)系，根據(jù)反義信息morethan可推理得知，空處想表達(dá)人太少的含義。[答案]AAPeoplemayhavesomeunclearmemoriesoftheirchildhood，butalmosteveryonewillrememberthebeautifulprincessandthecruelqueeninSnowWhite，theinnocentlittlegirlandthegreedybiggraywolfinLittleRedRidingHood.1Forexample，“Truelovecanovercomeanything”，and“Evenafrogcanturnintoaprince”.However，atacertainage，westarttolearnnewthingsaboutlife，particularlythatlovedoesn'talwayswin，andthatafrogisjustafrog.2JustlookatanimatedfilmslikeTheLionKingandFrozen，whichhavemillionsoffansyoungandold.Andthisyear'sLucerneFestivalinSwitzerland—aclassicalmusicfestival—willalsofeaturethethemesof“Childhood”and“Fairytales”.“Fairytalesendurebecausetheyarethestoriesofourlivesintheirmoststrippeddownform，”wroteUSauthorLauraPacker.“Theyarestoriesofloveandloss，desireanddeath，richesandruin.”3Butifchildrenonlyseejustonesideofreality，adultsusuallyseetheother.Forexample，inthemovieMaleficent，we'retoldthetaleofSleepingBeautyfromtheperspectiveoftheevilqueen.4Instead，shesuffersgreatlossesgrowingup，leadingtothecreationofher“evil”side.AndinUSauthorJamesFinnGarner'sbookPoliticallyCorrectBedtimeStories，hetellstheclassicstoryofLittleRedRidingHood，butwithamoderntouch.5Theymayusuallystartwith“Onceuponatime...”，butaswegrowolder，welearnthateverystorydoesn'talwaysneeda“happilyeverafter”tobeagoodone.A.Fairytalesareallaboutreality.B.Butsomehow，ourloveforfairytalesneverdies.C.Mostofusgetourearliestlifelessonsfromfairytales.D.Thethemeoffairytalesistoteachpeoplecourageandkindness.E.Fairytaleshavebeenadaptedintoversionssuitableforchildren.F.Itlookslikefairytalesaren'tjuststoriesourparentsreadusatbedtime.G.Unlikethechildren'sversionofthestory，weseethatthequeenwasn'tbornevil.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著年齡的增長，人們對童話故事的看法也會隨之改變。1.解析：根據(jù)空后的“Forexample，‘Truelovecanovercomeanything’”可知，此處舉例“真愛可以戰(zhàn)勝一切”的說法。C項“我們大多數(shù)人都從童話故事中獲得最早的人生經(jīng)驗”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選C。答案：C2.解析：根據(jù)空后一句“JustlookatanimatedfilmslikeTheLionKingandFrozen，whichhavemillionsoffansyoungandold.”可知，像《獅子王》和《冰雪奇緣》這樣的動畫電影，依然有數(shù)百萬的不同年齡段的影迷。B項“但不知怎么，我們對童話故事的愛永不消逝”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選B。答案：B3.解析：根據(jù)空前一句“Theyarestoriesofloveandloss，desireanddeath，richesandruin.”可知，它們是關(guān)于愛與失去、欲望與死亡、財富與毀滅的故事。A項“童話故事與現(xiàn)實生活息息相關(guān)”承接上文，符合語境。故選A。答案：A4.解析：根據(jù)空后一句“Instead，shesuffersgreatlossesgrowingup，leadingtothecreationofher‘evil’side.”可知，邪惡女王在成長過程中失去了很多，導(dǎo)致她產(chǎn)生了邪惡的一面。G項“與兒童版本的故事不同，我們可以看到女王并非生來邪惡”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選G。答案：G5.解析：根據(jù)空后的“Theymayusuallystartwith‘Onceuponatime...’”可知，它們通常會以“很久很久以前……”作為故事的開端。F項“看起來童話故事不僅僅是父母在睡前給我們講的故事”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選F。答案：FB（2023·湖北八市高三聯(lián)考）Thereareanumberofwaystohelpimprovefinalexamtestscoreswithoutstayingupallnightandcramming（臨時死記硬背），forinstance，takingadvantageoftheresourcesavailableandtakingcareofyourbody.Stayontopofyourwork.Completingallofyourworkbyitsduedatewillhelpyoustayontopofthecontent，minimizingthetimeneededtoprepareforfinals.6Forinstance，attendingclassisaguaranteenottofallbehindinyourwork.7Don'tfeellikeyouneedtogiveequalstudytimetoeachcourse.Lookbackatyourprogressthroughoutthesemester.Ifyourgradeisborderline，betweena“C”anda“B”，forexample，oryou'rehopingtoraiseyourgrade，you'llwanttoputinabitmoreeffort.Findastudypartneroratutor.Itisadvisabletofindatutororastudypartneratthebeginningofthesemesterasyoucanbouncearoundideasandaskquestionswhilestudying.However，stayawayfromgoodfriendswhenstrugglingwiththematerial.8Selectyourstudyingenvironmentstrategically.Youneedaquietstudyinglocationfreeofdistractions.9Sometimescollegesopenupconferenceroomsorotherspacestoallowadditionalroomforstudyingduringexamweek.Maintainyourhealthinthefinalsweek.Finalscanbeastressfultime，somakesureyouaretakingcareofyourphysicalself.Exerciseisaneffectivetoolinhelpingyourbodyreducestress.10A.Keeptrackofyourprogress.B.Figureoutwhichcoursestoprioritize.C.Butdon'toverdoitthisweektoavoidamuscleinjuryoverfinals.D.Ifthelibrary，studyarea，oroutdoorsdoesnotworkforyou，keeplooking.E.Reviewinginthefinalsweekisaloteasierifyou'vebeenkeepingupallalong.F.Plus，youwillassesstimeneededforbetteracademicperformancepriortothefinals.G.Thebeststudypartnerisoftensomeoneyoudon'tknowwellandlesslikelyhan