沖刺2024年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷（天津?qū)Ｓ茫┱骖}重組卷01第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng):1.每小題選出答案后,用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2.本卷共55小題,共95分。第一部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例:Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1．（2022·天津·高考真題）—Iworkedonyourcarthewholenight.Howisitrunning?—Itisrunninggreat!_____________.Youweresuchabighelp!A．It’sapity B．Icouldn’tagreemoreC．Forgetit D．Icanhardlythankyouenough【答案】D【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我整晚都在你的車上工作。它是如何運(yùn)行的？——運(yùn)行良好！太感謝您了。你真是幫了個(gè)大忙！A.It’sapity太可惜啦；B.Icouldn’tagreemore我非常同意；C.Forgetit算了吧，休想；D.Icanhardlythankyouenough太感謝您了。根據(jù)Itisrunninggreat!可知，此處向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x，Icanhardlythankyouenough.意為“太感謝您了”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。2．（2022·天津·高考真題）Foodandmedicalsupplies________toalltheresidentsafterthehurricanelastSunday.A．distribute B．distributedC．a(chǎn)redistributed D．weredistributed【答案】D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：上周日颶風(fēng)過后，食品和藥品供給被分發(fā)給了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，F(xiàn)oodandmedicalsupplies作主語(yǔ)，為復(fù)數(shù)，與動(dòng)詞distribute“分發(fā)”為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故需要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedistributed；根據(jù)后文lastSunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，故be動(dòng)詞要用were。故選D項(xiàng)。3．（2021·天津·高考真題）IwantedtomakedumplingsbutfoundIhad________flour,soIwentouttobuysome.A．madeupfor B．runoutofC．keptawayfrom D．gotdownto【答案】B【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我想包餃子，但發(fā)現(xiàn)我的面粉用完了，所以我出去買了一些。A.madeupfor彌補(bǔ)；B.runoutof用完，用盡；C.keptawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離，回避；D.gotdownto開始認(rèn)真做。結(jié)合句意，此處指“用完”了面粉。故選B。4．（2021·天津·高考真題）Feelingfearfulishealthy________ithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.A．because B．until C．before D．a(chǎn)lthough【答案】A【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：感到恐懼是有益于健康的，因?yàn)樗軒椭懵聛?，正確評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.because因?yàn)?；B.until直到；C.before在……之前；D.although雖然。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），連詞引導(dǎo)的從句部分則在具體描述為何說是有益于健康的，這是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，適用because（因?yàn)椋┮龑?dǎo)，故選A。5．（2020·天津·高考真題）Jimsayswe______stayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.A．must B．can C．need D．should【答案】B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:吉姆說我們可以住在他的房子里，只要我們保持它干凈整潔。A.must必須；B.can能，可以；C.need需要；D.should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)后面的“aslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy”可知，Jim許可我們待在他的房子里，即:我們”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故選B。6．（2020·天津·高考真題）______uspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggestedreadingthroughournotes.A．Tohelp B．Helped C．Helping D．Beinghelped【答案】A【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為了幫助我們準(zhǔn)備考試，老師建議通讀我們的筆記。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，老師建議我們誦讀筆記是”為了“幫助我們準(zhǔn)備考試。故表目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。故選A。7．（2020·天津·高考真題）Dr.Rowan,______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.A．whose B．ofwhom C．ofwhich D．which【答案】A【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:羅文博士的秘書兩周前辭職了，他現(xiàn)在只能自己打字。______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾Dr.Rowan，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示“Dr.Rowan’s”，表示“……的”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)該從句，故選A。8．（2019·天津·高考真題）Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanyways.A．statement B．impactC．impression D．judgment【答案】B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以觀察到人工智能已經(jīng)在許多方面已經(jīng)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。A.statement陳述說明；B.impact影響，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判斷。故選B符合語(yǔ)境。9．（2019·天津·高考真題）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey________thetaskinhalfthetime.A．a(chǎn)cplished B．hadacplishedC．wouldacplish D．wouldhaveacplished【答案】D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：工人們沒有被更好的組織起來，否則他們用一半的時(shí)間就能完成任務(wù)。根據(jù)上句theworkerswerenotbetterorganized可知，這是對(duì)過去事情的虛擬。表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語(yǔ)+過去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語(yǔ)+should(would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選D。10．（2019·天津·高考真題）Adog’seatinghabitrequiresregulartrainingbeforeitis________established.A．properly B．widelyC．originally D．temporarily【答案】A【詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：在狗的飲食習(xí)慣被正確地建立之前，需要定期的訓(xùn)練。A.properly正確地；B.widely廣泛地；C.originally最初；D.temporarily臨時(shí)地。狗的飲食習(xí)慣不可能是被“廣泛地、最初地、臨時(shí)地”建立，故選A。11．（2022·天津·高考真題）________weachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbetooproud.A．Eversince B．Evenif C．Incase D．Asthough【答案】B【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我們也不應(yīng)該驕傲。A.Eversince自從；B.Evenif即使，盡管；C.Incase以免；D.Asthough好像。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為連詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意可知，兩個(gè)句子之間為讓步關(guān)系，evenif意為“即使，盡管”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。12．（2022·天津·高考真題）Whenpeoplearedepressed,someexperiencealossof________whileotherscan’tstopeating.A．a(chǎn)ppetite B．power C．memory D．sight【答案】A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)人們郁悶時(shí)，有些人會(huì)失去食欲，而有些人卻忍不住暴飲暴食。A.appetite食欲；B.power權(quán)利；C.memory記憶；D.sight視力。結(jié)合后文whileotherscan’tstopeating表示對(duì)比，可知，前文表意與暴飲暴食相反，即毫無食欲。A項(xiàng)符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。13．（2022·天津·高考真題）Mentalhealthinvolves________youprocessthingssuchasstressandanxiety.A．how B．what C．why D．which【答案】A【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：心理健康包括如何處理諸如壓力和焦慮之類的事物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞involves的賓語(yǔ)，從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，但句意不完整，根據(jù)句意可知，表示“如何，怎樣”的連詞how符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。14．（2021·天津·高考真題）It’sagoodideatochoosea(n)________destinationincaseyourfirstchoicetouristspotisnotavailable.A．a(chǎn)nnual B．exact C．a(chǎn)lternative D．pleasant【答案】C【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：如果你首選的旅游景點(diǎn)沒有了，選擇一個(gè)替代目的地是一個(gè)好主意。A.annual年度的；B.exact準(zhǔn)確的；C.alternative替代的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根據(jù)后文“destinationincaseyourfirstchoicetouristspotisnotavailable”可知此處指替代目的地，應(yīng)用alternative。故選C。15．（2021·天津·高考真題）NowadaysmanypeopletravelacrossChina________highspeedtrains.A．onbehalfof B．bymeansofC．a(chǎn)tcostof D．intermsof【答案】B【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如今，許多人乘高鐵在中國(guó)各地旅行。A.onbehalfof代表，為了；B.bymeansof用，依靠，借助于；C.atcostof以……為代價(jià)；D.intermsof在……方面，依據(jù)，按照。分析語(yǔ)境，人們?nèi)ヂ眯?，用的交通工具是高鐵（借助于高鐵），僅有B符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題:每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（2022·天津·高考真題）WhenIwasinsixthgrade,Ijoinedthebandprogramtolearntoplaytheclarinet(單簧管).Thebeginningoftheyearhadgone16.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.Oneday,whenmyteachertoldustoplayinfrontoftheotherstudents,Iwasfilledwithfear.IknewIwould17.WhenIbegantoplay,myrhythms(節(jié)奏)weregood,butmytonewasanother18.“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”theteacherbarkedatme.Ifeltso19andmyworldcame20downinaninstant.Fromthenon,IhatedplayingtheclarinetandIkeptgetting21.Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.Inamomentof22,Iaskedforsickleave.Itwassorelievingandsucha(n)23wayout.Theavoidanceofmylessonscontinueduntilmymumaskedmeaboutit.“Iwanttoquit.”Mytearsstarted24.“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?”askedmum.She25andIrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand,bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto26outof.Imadea27nottohidefrommyfearsandtostanduptoeventheworstofthem,soa28couldbeachieved.ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblemandcouldn’t29why.Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.Itried,butonlyanunpleasantsoundcameout.Shedidn’t30atmeandhandedmeanewreed(簧片).Iputitinplaceandtriedagain.Tomygreat31Icouldplaywell.Myproblemwassolvedandmyfearwas32alotthatyear.33I’mgladthatIovercamemyfear.Fearcan34everythinginaperson’slife.Hidingfromthoseveryfearsonlycreatesahole,whichmakesapersonstay35inside.Afterfacinguptoafear,onemayfindlifeeasierandmuchmoreenjoyable.16．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly17．A．messup B．moveon C．setout D．takeoff18．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor19．A．a(chǎn)shamed B．starved C．excited D．relaxed20．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending21．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter22．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy23．A．funny B．important C．easy D．traditional24．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating25．A．hadapoint B．madeachange C．reachedalevel D．tookabreak26．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb27．A．request B．resolution C．presentation D．proposal28．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution29．A．figureout B．giveaway C．thinkover D．makeup30．A．a(chǎn)im B．smile C．wave D．shout31．A．a(chǎn)nger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise32．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced33．A．Carryingon B．Lookingback C．Steppingaside D．Turningaround34．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue35．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped【答案】16．D17．A18．C19．A20．A21．B22．B23．C24．C25．A26．D27．B28．D29．A30．D31．D32．C33．B34．A35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因?yàn)樽约簡(jiǎn)位晒苎葑嗟貌缓茫械胶芫趩剩瑳Q定逃避，在媽媽的啟發(fā)下，作者決定面對(duì)恐懼，找到老師尋求幫助，最終解決了問題，也戰(zhàn)勝了自己的恐懼。16．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：年初進(jìn)展順利。A.badly嚴(yán)重地；B.endlessly無窮地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.smoothly順利地。根據(jù)下文“Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.”可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，年初進(jìn)展順利，但隨著大多數(shù)學(xué)生的進(jìn)步，我似乎落后了。故選D項(xiàng)。17．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我知道我會(huì)搞砸的。A.messup搞砸；B.moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；C.setout動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；D.takeoff起飛。根據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同學(xué)，由此可知，我認(rèn)為自己演奏的不好，會(huì)搞砸的。故選A項(xiàng)。18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始演奏時(shí)，我的節(jié)奏很好，但我的音調(diào)是另一回事。A.impression印象；B.essay散文；C.story故事，情節(jié)；D.factor因素。根據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我演奏的不好，雖然節(jié)奏很好，但演奏不在調(diào)上，音調(diào)是另一回事，“mytonewasanotherstory”用來描述演奏不在調(diào)上。故選C項(xiàng)。19．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.starved饑餓的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的。根據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒有練習(xí)，由此可知，我為此感到羞愧。故選A項(xiàng)。20．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.crashing崩潰；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.selling出售；D.bending彎曲。根據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒有練習(xí)，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感覺世界瞬間崩潰了。故選A項(xiàng)。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，我討厭吹單簧管，而且越來越糟糕。A.stricter更嚴(yán)格的；B.worse更糟的；C.happier更快樂的；D.smarter更聰明的。根據(jù)下文“Igrewincreasinglyupset”可知，我感到越來越沮喪，由此可知，我的狀態(tài)越來越糟糕。故選B項(xiàng)。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一陣恐慌中，我請(qǐng)了病假。A.joy喜悅；B.panic恐慌；C.doubt疑惑；D.sympathy同情。根據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”和“Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.”可知，我討厭吹單簧管，我感到越來越沮喪，由此可知，因?yàn)閷?duì)即將到來的表演感到恐慌，所以我請(qǐng)了病假。故選B項(xiàng)。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種解脫和容易的方式。A.funny有趣的；B.important重要的；C.easy容易的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”可知，我討厭吹單簧管，由此可知，我請(qǐng)了病假，這是一種讓我解脫的容易的方式，我可以不再面對(duì)單簧管表演。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想退出?！蔽业难蹨I開始流下來。A.drying使變干；B.disappearing消失；C.flowing流動(dòng)；D.separating使分開。根據(jù)下文“whyareyoucrying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼淚流了下來。故選C項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她說得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)很難爬出來的黑洞。A.hadapoint有道理；B.madeachange做出改變；C.reachedalevel達(dá)到一定水平；D.tookabreak休息一下。根據(jù)句中“IrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand”可知，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，由此可知，我認(rèn)為媽媽的話“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?(如果你真的想退出，為什么要哭？)”說得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不會(huì)哭。故選A項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)很難爬出來的黑洞。A.send發(fā)送；B.bring帶來；C.pick挑選；D.climb爬。根據(jù)句中“createdablackhole”可知，我無法面對(duì)我的恐懼，就像給自己創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)黑洞，很難爬出來。故選D項(xiàng)。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼，即使是最糟糕的恐懼，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決辦法。A.request請(qǐng)求；B.resolution正式?jīng)Q定，決心；C.presentation演示；D.proposal提議。根據(jù)句中“standuptoeventheworstofthem”可知，我決定與恐懼對(duì)抗，由此可知，我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼。故選B項(xiàng)。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐懼，即使是最糟糕的恐懼，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決辦法。A.balance平衡；B.degree程度，度數(shù)；C.position位置；D.solution解決辦法。根據(jù)句中“standuptoeventheworstofthem”可知，我決定與恐懼對(duì)抗，是為了找到解決問題的辦法。故選D項(xiàng)。29．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我見到了我的樂隊(duì)老師，告訴她我有一個(gè)問題，不理解為什么會(huì)這樣。A.figureout理解，想出；B.giveaway贈(zèng)送；C.thinkover仔細(xì)考慮；D.makeup編造。根據(jù)句中“ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblem”可知，我把問題告訴老師，由此可知，我不理解為什么會(huì)這樣，所以才請(qǐng)教老師。故選A項(xiàng)。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有沖我大喊大叫，遞給我一個(gè)新簧片。A.aim目的是；B.smile微笑；C.wave揮手；D.shout喊叫。根據(jù)句中“Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.”可知，老師溫柔地讓我為她演奏，由此可知，她愿意幫助我解決問題，得知我的問題后，沒有沖我大喊大叫。故選D項(xiàng)。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我非常驚訝的是，我能演奏得很好。A.anger憤怒；B.sorrow悲傷；C.disappointment失望；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)句中“Icouldplaywell”可知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演奏得很好，這令我感到驚訝。故選D項(xiàng)。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那一年，我的問題解決了，我的恐懼消除了很多。A.felt感覺到；B.shown展示；C.removed去除，使消失；D.voiced表達(dá)，吐露。根據(jù)句中“Myproblemwassolved”可知，我的問題解決了，由此可知，我的恐懼消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。故選C項(xiàng)。33．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高興我克服了恐懼。A.Carryingon繼續(xù)；B.Lookingback回顧，回首往事；C.Steppingaside下臺(tái)，讓位；D.Turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身，調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)方向。根據(jù)句中“Iovercamemyfear”可知，我克服了恐懼是發(fā)生在過去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很高興我克服了恐懼。故選B項(xiàng)。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：恐懼會(huì)消耗一個(gè)人生活中的一切。A.consume消耗；B.examine檢查；C.reflect反映；D.rescue營(yíng)救。根據(jù)上文“bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto_____outof”可知，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我陷入困境，無法面對(duì)生活，由此可知，恐懼會(huì)消耗一個(gè)人生活中的一切。故選A項(xiàng)。35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：躲避這些恐懼只會(huì)造成一個(gè)洞，讓人困在里面。A.unknown未知的；B.unpunished未受懲罰的；C.interested感興趣的；D.trapped受困的。根據(jù)上文“bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto_____outof”可知，因?yàn)闆]有面對(duì)我的恐懼，我創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)很難爬出來的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐懼只會(huì)造成一個(gè)洞，人被困在里面。故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分:閱讀理解(共20小題:每少題2.5分,滿分50分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2021·天津·高考真題）Whenstartingcollege,moststudentsenjoyaweek'sstayoncampusbeforeclassesactuallybegin.Whatshouldyoudowiththattime?Belowareseveraltipstoease（使熟悉）yourselfintocollegelife.ParticipatinginCampusWeleActivitiesMostuniversitieshostweleeventsbeforetheacademicyearofficiallybegins,includingfreshmenorientations（迎新會(huì)），campuspicnics,andentertainmentslikeconcerts.Participatinginsucheventsisagreatwaytolearnaboutschoolfacilitiesandunderstandcampusculture:Whatdostudentsdoforfun?Whataretheirfavoriteclasses?Whatisthehistoryofyouruniversity?Itcanhelpyouobservecampuslifeoutsidetheclassroom.ExploringCampusGettingtoknowwhereessentialcampusresourcesare—suchasthestudentadvisingcenter,psychologicalservices,andthetutoringcenter~~willmakeyourfirstfewweeksoncampusaloteasier,becauseyouwon'thavetolookforthemwhilestillgettingusedtoyourclasses.Takesometimetocheckoutthebuildingswhereyourclasseswillbeheld.Thiswillpreventyoufromgettinglostinthefirstfewdaysofclasses,andfamiliarizeyouwithhowlongittakestogetfromplacetoplace.Ifyou'reworriedabouttakingclassesoneafteranotherindifferentbuildings,aquicktestrunwon'thurt.Thatway,youwillavoidpotentialtimedelaysingettingtoyourclasses.StartingaRoutineBeforegettingtooexcitedaboutallofthefunthingsyouwillbeabletododuringtheweek,rememberthatyoudohaveaprettybigschedulechangeingup.Startingclassesmeansbeingindifferentplacesatdifferenttimes,soit’sagreatideatostartgettingusedtothatroutinerightthisweek.Whathelpsyoumostistoscheduleyoursleep.Followingtheplannedtimewillensureyouhaveenoughsleeptogettothoseearlyclassesandstaywideawake.Ifyouhaveotherdailyroutines,suchasexercisingortalkingonthephonewithfamily,workthoseintoyourdaytodaylifebeforeclassesstartsothatyougetabetterideaofhowtheyfitinwithyourschedule.36．Byparticipatingincampusweleactivities,freshmencan.A．learnaboutcampuscultureB．gettheircoursescheduleC．haveaphysicalexaminationD．takeanentrancetest37．Whyarefreshmenadvisedtohaveaquicktestrunbetweenbuildings?A．Toseehowmanyfacilitiestheycanuse.B．Toavoidbeinglateforfutureclasses.C．Tohelpthosegettinglostoncampus.D．Topracticerunningontheirwaytoclass.38．Whenisitbestforfreshmentostartgettingusedtothenewroutine?A．Onthefirstdayoftheirclasses.B．Beforetheorientationweek.C．Aftertheirfirstdayclasses.D．Duringtheorientationweek.39．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestfreshmendotostayfocusedinclass?A．Takephysicalexercisebeforeclass.B．Leavetheirphonespoweredoff.C．Takeearlyclasseseveryday.D．Keeptothesleepschedule.40．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Tooffersometipsonmakinganeasierstartatcollege.B．Toremindfreshmenaboutthefirstdayofschool.C．Tohelpfreshmenorganizecampusactivities.D．Tosharehiscollegeexperiencewiththereader.【答案】36．A37．B38．D39．D40．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要針對(duì)新生真正開學(xué)前一周的活動(dòng)給出一些建議，幫助新生輕松開始大學(xué)生活。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ParticipatinginCampusWeleActivities標(biāo)題下的第二段中“Participatinginsucheventsisagreatwaytolearnaboutschoolfacilitiesandunderstandcampusculture:（參加這些活動(dòng)是了解學(xué)校設(shè)施和了解校園文化的好方法）”可知，參加歡迎活動(dòng)可以了解校園文化，故選擇A項(xiàng)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExploringCampus標(biāo)題下的第二段中“Thatway,youwillavoidpotentialtimedelaysingettingtoyourclasses.（那樣，你將會(huì)避免在去上課時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)的延誤）”可知，快跑測(cè)試，可以避免將來上課遲到，故選擇B項(xiàng)。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StartingaRoutine標(biāo)題下的第一段“Startingclassesmeansbeingindifferentplacesatdifferenttimes,soit’sagreatideatostartgettingusedtothatroutinerightthisweek.（課程開始意味著在不同的時(shí)間呆在不同的地方，所以就在這周開始習(xí)慣這種常規(guī)活動(dòng)是個(gè)好主意）”可知，rightthisweek指的是正式開學(xué)前的這一周，也叫orientationweek“迎新周”，故選擇D項(xiàng)。39．推理判斷題題。根據(jù)StartingaRoutine標(biāo)題下的第二段“Whathelpsyoumostistoscheduleyoursleep.Followingtheplannedtimewillensureyouhaveenoughsleeptogettothoseearlyclassesandstaywideawake.（最有幫助的就是安排好的你的睡眠，按照計(jì)劃的時(shí)間，將確保你有足夠的睡眠來參加早上的課程，并保持清醒）”可知，想要保持清醒專注，就要保證睡眠時(shí)間。故選擇D項(xiàng)。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Belowareseveraltipstoease（使熟悉）yourselfintocollegelife.（以下是幾個(gè)幫你輕松進(jìn)入大學(xué)生活的建議）”可知，作者主要是提出一些輕松開始大學(xué)生活的建議。故選擇A項(xiàng)。B（2020·天津·高考真題）“Theytellmethatyou’dliketomakeastatue(塑像)ofmeisthatcorrect,MissVinnieReam?”Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.AskingafavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeenyearoldgirl.“Yes,sir,”shereplied,herdarkeyesmeetinghis.“Iwouldn’thaveduoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.“PresidentLincolnsmiled.“Painters,sculptorsthey’vealltriedtomakethebestofthisordinaryface,butI’mafraidthere’snotmuchhope.Whatdidyouhaveinmind,MissReam?Abust(半身像)?”BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.“OfcourseIshouldn’thaveasked.Afulllengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.“Vinnie’sfaceturnedred.Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,”shedefendedherself.“IwasborninthecountryofWisconsin.I’vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.Makingafulllengthclay(粘土)figurewouldnotexhaustmystrengthandthatiswhatIintendtodo!”ThePresident’seyes,brightenedathershowofspirit.“Sorry,madam,IhaveunderestimatedyouasIdidn’tknowyourbackground.”Buthissmilefadedasherubbedhisbeardwithbonyfingers,inthought.“MissReam,”hesighed,“I’dliketoletyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomyself.”Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice.“Iworkquickly,”shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.“IfIweretobringmyclayhereandworkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldpletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.”ThePresidentseemedtoconsiderherideaseriously.HegotupandshookVinnie’shandwarmly,“I’veheardthatyouareatalentedyoungwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Icannotmakemydecisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.”Theverynextday,VinniereceivedaninvitationfromthePresident.41．WhatgaveVinnieconfidencetomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln?A．Heraggressivepersonality.B．Mr.Mills’sencouragingremark.C．PresidentLincoln’sgentlevoice.D．Herinterestinachallengingjob.42．HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie’srequest?A．Pleased.B．Thrilled.C．Regretful.D．Doubtful.43．Vinnieconfirmedherabilitytomakeafulllengthstatuebyhighlighting______.A．herexperiencefromotherprojectsB．herinnocentchildhoodinthecountryC．theheavylaborshehaddonebeforeD．theskillshepickedupinWisconsin44．Vinniewantedtochoosethecornernearthewindowsto______.A．a(chǎn)chieveeffectsofnaturallightingB．keepallhertoolswithineasyreachC．observethePresidentatarightangleD．a(chǎn)voiddisturbingthepresident’swork45．Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A．Astrongwilledsoulcanreachhisgoal.B．Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C．Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.D．Devotionrequiresenthusiasm.【答案】41．B42．D43．C44．D45．A【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了VinnieReam向林肯總統(tǒng)提出給他做一個(gè)全身雕像的請(qǐng)求，一開始林肯總統(tǒng)對(duì)此表示懷疑，在Vinnie的不斷努力爭(zhēng)取后，最終第二天Vinnie收到了林肯總統(tǒng)的邀請(qǐng)。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.“可知，我本來不敢問你，但我的老師Mills先生說我準(zhǔn)備好了。我打算用一種令人欽佩的方式來做這件事。由此可知，Mills先生的話給了Vinnie向林肯總統(tǒng)提出要求的底氣。故選B。42．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“OfcourseIshouldn'thaveasked.Afulllengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.”可知，當(dāng)然我不應(yīng)該問的。對(duì)于你這種身材的年輕女性來說，全身雕像太大了。由此可推知，林肯總統(tǒng)首先對(duì)Vinnie的請(qǐng)求表示懷疑。故選D。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“I'vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.MakingafulllengthclayfigurewouldnotexhaustmystrengthandthisiswhatIintendtodo!”可知，我趕過馬隊(duì)，提過水。做一個(gè)全身雕像不會(huì)耗盡我的力量我還正想這樣呢！此可知，Vinnie通過強(qiáng)調(diào)她以前所做的繁重勞動(dòng)，證實(shí)了她有能力制作一個(gè)全身雕像。故選C。44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“MissReam,”hesighed,“I'dliketoletyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomyself.“可知，總統(tǒng)提到自己沒有時(shí)間擺姿勢(shì)來讓Vinnie做雕像。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice.“Iworkquickly,”shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.“IfIweretobringmyclayhereandworkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldpletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.”可知，Vinnie環(huán)顧四周，注意到了他辦公室的大小?！拔腋傻煤芸?，”她說。她指著靠近窗戶的那個(gè)角落，聲音柔和而自信?！叭绻野盐业恼惩翈У竭@里來，每天下午工作三個(gè)小時(shí)，我就可以在你辦公的時(shí)候完成大部分的項(xiàng)目?！庇纱丝赏浦衔闹锌偨y(tǒng)提到自己沒有時(shí)間擺姿勢(shì)來讓Vinnie做雕像，于是Vinnie想選擇靠近窗戶的角落，是為了避免干擾總統(tǒng)的工作。故選D。45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要記敘了VinnieReam向林肯總統(tǒng)提出給他做一個(gè)全身雕像的請(qǐng)求，一開始林肯總統(tǒng)對(duì)此表示懷疑，在Vinnie的不斷努力爭(zhēng)取后，最終第二天Vinnie收到了林肯總統(tǒng)的邀請(qǐng)。由此可推知，這個(gè)故事表達(dá)了意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能達(dá)到目標(biāo)的思想。故選A。C（2019·天津·高考真題）Howdoesanecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食動(dòng)物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(獵物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(滅絕)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbeesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftopdowncontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearlywarningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(臨界點(diǎn)),itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.46．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?A．Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B．Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.47．Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator________.A．hasawidefoodchoiceB．caneasilyfindnewpreyC．stickstoonepreyspeciesD．canquicklymovetoanotherplace48．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C．Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D．Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.49．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4?A．Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B．Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C．Speciesofmercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D．Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.50．Howdoesanearlywarningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance?A．Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B．Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C．Bybringingthebrokendownecosystemsbacktonormal.D．Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.【答案】46．B47．C48．D49．A50．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了借助食物網(wǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些食物網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵原則。科學(xué)家們說一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)越過了它的臨界點(diǎn)，它們很難再回來。科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)建立了一個(gè)基于數(shù)學(xué)模型的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)將會(huì)發(fā)出信號(hào)告訴我們?nèi)祟惢顒?dòng)正將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)推向崩潰，允許我們采取措施將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)從邊緣拉回來。46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.可知，借助食物網(wǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了食物網(wǎng)中的一些關(guān)鍵原則。故選B。47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Whenapredator(掠食動(dòng)物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(獵物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.可知，當(dāng)捕食者總是吃大量的單一獵物，這兩個(gè)物種是緊密相連的。故選C。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.可知，處于食物網(wǎng)頂端的食肉動(dòng)物對(duì)它們沒有直接攻擊的其他物種的種群數(shù)量有著驚人的控制，由此可推斷出，如果食物鏈頂級(jí)食肉動(dòng)物的數(shù)量大大下降，其他物種的種群將經(jīng)歷意想不到的變化。故選D。49．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftopdowncontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.可知，無計(jì)劃的人類活動(dòng)證明了由頂級(jí)掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正確的。在海洋中，我們大規(guī)模捕撈鱈魚等頂級(jí)捕食者，而在陸地上，我們殺死狼等大型捕食者。這些行為極大地影響了生態(tài)平衡。由此可推斷出，不受控制的人類活動(dòng)會(huì)極大地破壞了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A。50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Scientistshavebuiltanearlywarmingsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideallythesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.可知，早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)通過發(fā)出緊急需要采取預(yù)防行動(dòng)的信號(hào)幫助我們維持生態(tài)平衡。故選D。D（2022·天津·高考真題）RalphEmersononcesaidthatthepurposeoflifeisnottobehappy,buttobeuseful,tobeloving,tomakesomedifferenceinheworld.Whileweappreciatesuchwordsofwisdom,werarelytrytofollowtheminourlives.Mostpeopleprefertoliveagoodlifethemselves,ignoringtheirresponsibilitiesfortheworld.Thisnarrowperceptionofagoodlifemayprovideshorttermbenefits,butissuretoleadtolongtermharmandsuffering.Agoodlifebasedonfortandluxurymayeventuallyleadtomorepainbecausewespoilourhealthandevenourcharacter,principles,ideals,andrelationships.Whatthen,isthesecretofagoodlife?Agoodlifeisaprocess,nota