SectionⅣ單元寫(xiě)作科幻故事寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)寫(xiě)科幻故事是開(kāi)放式作文的一種，一般給出一段材料，要求我們充分發(fā)揮想象力來(lái)拓展原材料內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用邏輯推理的方法，沿著材料的縱橫方向延伸，給故事添加開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾或中間過(guò)程。想象必須合理而且內(nèi)容豐富，要抓住主題，運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯、句型與語(yǔ)句間的連接成分寫(xiě)出連貫的表達(dá)，語(yǔ)言要流暢、具有美感。寫(xiě)科幻故事需要遵循以下步驟：1．仔細(xì)審題，確定文章結(jié)構(gòu)科幻故事的寫(xiě)作一般可分為三部分：第一部分為故事的開(kāi)始；第二部分為故事發(fā)展的過(guò)程及結(jié)果；最后一部分提出故事的教育意義。2．根據(jù)需要確定時(shí)態(tài)科幻故事通常發(fā)生在未來(lái)，因此應(yīng)以一般將來(lái)時(shí)為主。3．篩選詞匯科幻故事一般為虛構(gòu)的故事，為了吸引讀者，故事的語(yǔ)言要生動(dòng)、富于虛幻性。常用表達(dá)1....isoneofthegreatestfantasystorieseverwritten.……是有史以來(lái)最偉大的奇幻故事之一。2．Theheroisaboycalled...andtheheroineisagirlcalled...男主人公一個(gè)名叫……的男孩，女主角是一個(gè)名叫……的女孩。3．Therearemanyextraordinaryadventures.有很多不尋常的冒險(xiǎn)。4．Robotsplayanimportantroleinourfuturelife.機(jī)器人在我們未來(lái)的生活中扮演著重要的角色。5．Bothadultsandchildrenwillenjoythesestories.大人和小孩都會(huì)喜歡這些故事。精品展示某英文報(bào)社正在舉行英文幻想故事大賽，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)所給出的故事的開(kāi)頭(不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))，續(xù)寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的幻想小故事參賽。Onceuponatime，ayoungmanwaswalkingthroughawoodwhenhesawashiningringlyingontheground.Hejuststood，wonderingandthentheringsaid，“Youngman，akindgirlistrappedbyawitchinthecastleahead.Ifyouarebraveenoughtorescueher，youwillgainhappiness.PutonmeandIwillhelpyou.”審題謀篇第一步明確要求1．確定體裁：幻想故事屬記敘文范疇。2．確定人稱：主體人稱為第三人稱。3．確定時(shí)態(tài)：以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主。第二步確定段落本文應(yīng)分為三部分：Part1：介紹故事的開(kāi)始。Part2：講述故事發(fā)展的過(guò)程。Part3：敘述故事的結(jié)局及意義。第三步核心詞匯1．猶豫做……h(huán)esitatetodo...2．把……戴上put...on3．看不見(jiàn)的invisible4．靠近approach5．在……的幫助下withthehelpof...6．和……一起togetherwith第四步連詞成句1．年輕人毫不猶豫地戴上了那枚戒指。Theyoungmandidn'thesitatetoputtheringonhisfinger.2．他吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己消失了，其他人都看不見(jiàn)他。Surprisingly，hediscoveredthathedisappearedandwasinvisibletootherpeople.3．一靠近城堡，他就戴上了戒指，進(jìn)入了城堡。Assoonasheapproachedthecastle，heputonthering，andenteredthecastle.4．在戒指的幫助下，他在一個(gè)金盒中找到了魔棒，并成功地將其毀掉，解除了女巫對(duì)女孩施的魔咒。Withthehelpofthering，hefoundthemagicalstickinagoldenbox，destroyeditsuccessfully，andthusremovedthemagicspellputonthegirlbythewitch.5．年輕人和女孩一起擊敗了女巫，并且他們?cè)谝黄疬^(guò)上了幸福的生活。Theyoungman,togetherwiththegirl,defeatedthewitch,andtheylivedahappylifetogether.第五步句式升級(jí)1．用含有動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的句子合并第1句和第2句。Theyoungmandidn'thesitatetoputtheringonhisfinger，surprisinglydiscoveringthathedisappeared，invisibletootherpeople.2．用“on＋動(dòng)詞-ing形式”改寫(xiě)第3句。Onapproachingthecastle，heputonthering，andenteredthecastle.3．用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)第4句。Withthehelpofthering，hefoundthemagicalstickinagoldenbox，anddestroyeditsuccessfully，thusremovingthemagicspellputonthegirlbythewitch.第六步連句成篇用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇80詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考范文：Onceuponatime，ayoungmanwaswalkingthroughawoodwhenhesawashiningringlyingontheground.Hejuststood，wonderingandthentheringsaid，“Youngman，akindgirlistrappedbyawitchinthecastleahead.Ifyouarebraveenoughtorescueher，youwillgainhappiness.PutonmeandIwillhelpyou.”Theyoungmandidn'thesitatetoputtheringonhisfinger，surprisinglydiscoveringthathedisappeared，invisibletootherpeople.Onapproachingthecastle，heputonthering，andenteredthecastle.Helearnedthatthegirlcouldn'tmoveforeverunlesssomeonedestroyedthewitch'smagicalstick.Withthehelpofthering，hefoundthemagicalstickinagoldenbox，anddestroyeditsuccessfully，thusremovingthemagicspellputonthegirlbythewitch.Theyoungman,togetherwiththegirl,defeatedthewitch,andtheylivedahappylifetogether.寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練你們學(xué)校校報(bào)正在向?qū)W生征稿，稿件內(nèi)容是關(guān)于未來(lái)的學(xué)校。請(qǐng)根據(jù)表格中記錄的要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇標(biāo)題為“未來(lái)的學(xué)校(FutureSchools)”的英語(yǔ)文章。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右，文章的開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．文中不得透露個(gè)人姓名和學(xué)校名稱。Schoollife：differentactivities；richerandmoreinterestingBuildingsandequipment:modern；easytouse；everythingrunbycomputersSubjects：moresubjectstochoosefrom；mostsubjectsofferedontheInternetWaysoflearning：learnatschoolorathomeFutureSchoolsInthefuture,schoolswillbedifferentinmanywaysfromwhattheyarenow.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考范文：FutureSchoolsInthefuture,schoolswillbedifferentinmanywaysfromwhattheyarenow.Firstly,withmanydifferentactivitiestobeorganizedatschool,theschoollifewillbericherandmoreinteresting.Secondly,schoolbuildingsandequipmentwillbemuchbetter.Everythingwillberunbycomputers,moremodern,andeasierforstudentstouse.Then,therewillbemanymoresubjectsforstudentstochoosefrom,andmostsubjectswillbeofferedontheInternet.Therefore，studentswillchoosetolearnathomeontheInternet,oratschoolfromteachers.Inconclusion,futureschoolswillbebetterlearningplacesforstudents.話題佳句1．Notonlyisthestorystunningandthrillingbutthespirititconveysisofgreatsignificance.不僅故事讓人印象深刻、令人激動(dòng)，而且它傳遞的精神也是極其重要的。2．Thestoryissetonafuturebasis,whendisasterswillhappentohumanbeings.故事是以未來(lái)為背景，那時(shí)災(zāi)難將發(fā)生在人類身上。3．Thefilmintendstoconveyamessagethatitisonlycooperationthatcanhelpusbeatoffthefuturechallenges.這部電影想要傳遞一個(gè)信息，只有合作才能幫助我們戰(zhàn)勝未來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。4．Therearesomanysciencefictionwritersthroughouttheworld,amongwhomCixinLiuistheoneIadmiremost.世界上有許多的科幻作家，劉慈欣是我最欽佩的一位。5．SowonderfulisthefilmTheWanderingEarththatitiswellworthseeingasecondtim