需要系數(shù)法確定計(jì)算負(fù)荷(總

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5.2.4需要系數(shù)法確定計(jì)算負(fù)荷（1）用電設(shè)備組的計(jì)算負(fù)荷及計(jì)算電流有功功率無功功率P二KP,kW (5-2-5)js XNQ=Ptg申,kvar(5-2-6)js js視在功率 S=P2+Q2,kVA （5-2-7）js \js jsS計(jì)算電流 I=J,A（5-2-8）js J3Ur（2）配電干線或車間變電所的計(jì)算負(fù)荷：有功功率Pjs二Kp工(KxPn)，kW (5-2-9)無功功率Q.二Ky工(KPtg^),kvarjs Lq XN(5-2-10)視在功率以上式中S.=JP2+Q2,kVAjs js js(5-2-11)P——用電設(shè)備組的設(shè)備功率，kW；NK——需要系數(shù)；見表5-2-1、表5-2-2及表5-2-3；Xtg申——用電設(shè)備功率因數(shù)角的正切值，見表5-2-1、表5-2-3、表5-2-4及表5-2-5；K、K——有功功率、無功功率同時(shí)系數(shù)，分別取0.8~0.9和0.93~0.97；工P 工qU——用電設(shè)備額定電壓（線電壓），kV。r表5-2-1用電設(shè)備的K、COS申及tg申X用電設(shè)備組名稱單獨(dú)傳動(dòng)的金屬加工機(jī)床小批生產(chǎn)的金屬冷加工機(jī)床0.12?0.160.501.73大批生產(chǎn)的金屬冷加工機(jī)床0.17?0.200.501.73小批生產(chǎn)的金屬熱加工機(jī)床0.20?0.250.55~0.601.51~1.33大批生產(chǎn)的金屬熱加工機(jī)床0.25?0.280.651.17鍛錘、壓床、剪床及其他鍛工機(jī)械00.250.601.33木工機(jī)械0.20?0.300.50~0.601.73?1.33液壓機(jī)0.300.601.33生產(chǎn)用通風(fēng)機(jī)0.75?0.850.80?0.850.75?0.62衛(wèi)生用通風(fēng)機(jī)0.65?0.700.800.75泵、活塞型壓縮機(jī)、電動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)組0.75?0.850.800.75球磨機(jī)、破碎機(jī)、篩選機(jī)、攪攔機(jī)等0.75?0.850.80?0.850.75~0.62電阻爐（帶調(diào)壓器或變壓器）非自動(dòng)裝料0.60?0.700.95?0.980.33~0.20

自動(dòng)裝料0.70?0.800.95?0.980.33~0.20干燥箱、加熱器等0.40?0.601.000工頻感應(yīng)電爐（不帶無功補(bǔ)償裝置）0.800.352.68高頻感應(yīng)電爐（不帶無功補(bǔ)償裝置）0.800.601.33焊接和加熱用高頻加熱設(shè)備0.50?0.650.701.02熔煉用高頻加熱設(shè)備0.80?0.850.80?0.850.75~0.62表面淬火電爐（帶無功補(bǔ)償裝置）電動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)0.650.701.02真空管振蕩器0.800.850.62中頻電爐（中頻機(jī)組）0.65?0.750.800.75氫氣爐（帶調(diào)壓器或變壓器）0.40~0.500.85~0.900.62~0.48真空爐（帶調(diào)壓器或變壓器）0.55~0.650.85~0.900.62~0.48電弧煉鋼爐變壓器0.900.850.62電弧煉鋼爐的輔助設(shè)備0.150.501.73點(diǎn)焊機(jī)、縫焊機(jī)0.35,0.20①0.601.33對(duì)焊機(jī)0.350.701.02自動(dòng)弧焊變壓器0.500.501.73單頭手動(dòng)弧焊變壓器0.350.352.68多頭手動(dòng)弧焊變壓器0.400.352.68單頭直流弧焊機(jī)0.350.601.33多頭直流弧焊機(jī)0.700.701.02金屬、機(jī)修、裝配車間、鍋爐房用起重機(jī)（￡=25%）0.10?0.150.51.73鑄造車間起重機(jī)（￡=25%）0.15?0.300.51.73聯(lián)鎖的連續(xù)運(yùn)輸機(jī)械0.650.750.88非聯(lián)鎖的連續(xù)運(yùn)輸機(jī)械0.50~0.600.750.88一般工業(yè)用硅整流裝置0.500.701.02電鍍用硅整流裝置0.500.750.88電解用硅整流裝置0.700.800.75紅外線干燥設(shè)備0.85?0.901.000.00電火花加裝置0.500.601.33超聲波裝置0.700.701.02X光設(shè)備0.300.551.52電子計(jì)算機(jī)主機(jī)0.60?0.700.800.75電子計(jì)算機(jī)外部設(shè)備0.40~0.500.501.73試驗(yàn)設(shè)備（電熱為主）0.20~0.400.800.75試驗(yàn)設(shè)備（儀表為主）0.15?0.200.701.02磁粉探傷機(jī)0.200.402.29鐵屑加工機(jī)械0.400.750.88排氣臺(tái)0.50~0.600.900.48老煉臺(tái)0.60?0.700.701.02陶瓷隧道窯0.80?0.900.950.33拉單晶爐0.70?0.750.900.48賦能腐蝕設(shè)備0.600.930.40真空浸漬設(shè)備0.700.950.33①點(diǎn)焊機(jī)的需要系數(shù)0.2僅用于電子行業(yè)。建筑類別建筑類別生產(chǎn)廠房（有天然采光）0.80?0.90宿舍區(qū)0.60?0.80生產(chǎn)廠房（無天然米光）0.90?1.00醫(yī)院0.50辦公樓0.70?0.80食堂0.90~0.95設(shè)計(jì)室0.90?0.95商店0.90科研樓0.80?0.90學(xué)校0.60?0.70倉庫0.50~0.70展覽館0.70?0.80鍋爐房0.90旅館0.60?0.70表5-2-3旅游旅館用電設(shè)備的K、cosp及tgpX用電設(shè)備組名稱KX用電設(shè)備組名稱KX照客房0.35?0.450.950.33電梯0.18?0.220.501.73明其他場(chǎng)所0.50?0.70洗衣機(jī)0.30?0.350.701.02冷水;組、：機(jī)泵0.65?0.750.800.75廚房設(shè)備0.35?0.450.750.88通風(fēng)機(jī)0.60?0.700.800.75窗式空調(diào)器0.35?0.450.800.75表5-2-4照明用電設(shè)備的cosp及tgp光源類別光源類別白熾燈、鹵鎢燈1.000.00高壓鈉燈0.451.98熒光燈（無補(bǔ)償）0.551.52金屬鹵化物燈0.40~0.612.29~1.29熒光燈（有補(bǔ)償）0.900.49鏑燈0.521.60高壓汞燈0.45?0.651.98?1.16氙燈0.900.48表5-2-5cosp與tgp、sinp1.0000.0000.0000.8700.5670.4930.6501.1690.7600.9900.1420.1410.8600.5930.5100.6001.3330.8000.9800.2030.1990.8500.6200.5270.5501.5180.8350.9700.2510.2430.8400.6460.5430.5001.7320.8660.9600.2920.2800.8300.6720.5580.4501.9850.8930.9500.3290.3120.8200.6980.5720.4002.2910.9160.9400.3630.3410.8100.7240.5860.3502.6760.9370.9300.3950.3670.8000.7500.6000.3003.1800.9540.9200.4260.3920.7800.8020.6260.2503.8730.9680.9100.4560.4150.7500.8820.6610.2004.8990.9800.9000.4840.4360.7200.9640.6940.1506.5910.9890.8900.5120.4560.7001.0200.7140.1009.9500.9950.8800.5400.4750.6801.0870.73