卷1-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語【名校地市好題必刷】全真模擬卷（全

國乙卷專用）（解析版）

第一模擬

注意事項：

L答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。

如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答

題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答

案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有IO秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每

段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Preparationforatrip.B.Aschoolday.C.Afinalexam.

【答案】A

［原文］W:TheexamisfinallyOVe匚Ourschoolcampingtripiscoming.Ithinkweshould

prepareforit.

M:OK.Weneedtobuysomebread,cookpots,spoons,plates,cups,andsoon.We,dbetter

makealist.

W:Goodidea.

2.Whatwillthewomanhaveforhermeal?

A.Wheatbread.B.Tomatosoup.C.Eggs.

【答案】B

［原文］M:Wouldyoulikewholewheatbreadoreggswithyoursoup,madam?

W:Neither.Γmallergictowheat,andIdon,tlikeeggs.Iwilljusthaveabowloftomato

soup.

3.Whendidthewomanhavebreakfast?

A.At7:10.B.At7:30.C.At7:50

【答案】A

［原文］M:It,salready7:30.Weneedtogonoworwe,llbelate.

W:Itwillbefine.Ijusthadbreakf?st20minutesago.Wedon,tneedtorush.Wehaveplenty

oftime.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aflight.B.Avacation.C.Thesunset.

【答案】B

【原文】M:WhendoyouleaveforFlorida?

W:Myplaneleavestomorrowatsunset.

M:You,resolucky!Idon,thaveanymoneytogoonvacation.

W:Well,ΓllbesuretogetyousomethingwhenI,matthebeach.

5.WhydoesthewomantalktoMike?

A.Toaskhimaboutamuseum.

B.Toinvitehimtoanexhibition.

C.IblearnabouttheSilkRoadfromhim.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Mike,areyouinterestedinlearningabouttheSilkRoad?

M:Certainly.Ihearditwasthemostimportantpre-modernEurasiantraderoute.

W:You,reright.There,sanexhibitionaboutitinMuseumofChineseinAmerica.What

aboutgoingtherethisafternoon?

M:Whynot?

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個

選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒

鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第7兩個小題。

6.Whatdidthespeakerssee?

A.Aballet.B.Aconcert.C.Afilm.

7.Whatmadethewomanfallasleep?

A.Thehotweather.

B.Thequietmusic.

C.Theboringperformance.

【答案】6.A7.B

【原文IM:ThatwasoneofthebestperformancesΓveeverbeento!Didyouseehowmany

turnsMistyCopelanddid?

W:Uh,yeah.Shewasimpressive.

M:Youdon,tsoundsoenthusiastic.Didn,tyouliketheshow?

W:Well,Ididn,tactuallyseemuchofit.Themusicwassocalmingandquietthatitsentme

tosleep.

M:Areyousayingthatyoufeelasleep?Howcouldyoumissoneofthemostsignificant

balletsofourtime?IthoughtyoulovedSwanLake.

W:Yes,butIfeelclearnow.

M:I,vefallenasleepatshowsbefore,butitwasbecausetheywereboringoritwastoohot

inthetheater.Whatashame!

聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10三個小題。

8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofself-servicesupermarket?

A.Unsafe.B.Convenient.C.Time-consuming.

9.Whatwastedthewoman,stime?

A.Collectingshoppingdata.

B.Signinginwhenshopping.

C.Readingadvertisementmessages.

10.Wherewillthewomanprobablybuywater?

A.Inasupermarket.

B.Inaself-servicestore.

C.Inaconveniencestore.

【答案】8.B9.B10.C

【原文】W:It,ssohot,Andrew.WherecanIbuysomewater?

M:Look,thereisaself-servicestorethere.

W:Igotintotroubletherelasttime.Lefsfindaconveniencestoreinstead.

M:Really?Self-servicesupermarketsarebecomingpopularnow.Youcangoshopping

withoutaskingforhelpfromthesalesperson.It,sreallyconvenientasfarasIknow.What

happened?

W:Ofcourse,itisnotthatsimple.Asanewuser,Ihadtosigninfirst.Thatwasawasteof

time.What,sworse,customersareaskedfortheirphonenumber.It,spossibleforthemto

receiveadvertisementmessagesorcalls,becausetheirshoppingdataiscollected.

M:Anyway,youdon,tneedtosigninthistime.

W:Worsestill,nobodyofferedhelpwhenIhadproblems.Iwasatseawiththefunctionsof

theproduct.IfIhadbeenintheconveniencestore,thesalespersonwouldhavegivenmea

handimmediately.

M:OK.Lefsgoalongthestreettoseeifwecanfindone.

下面一段對話，回答第11至第13三個小題。

11.Wherewillthewomango?

A.Toanairport.B.Toasubwaystation.C.Toatrainstation.

12.Whydoesthemansuggestthewomanusepublictransportation?

A.It,smuchcheaper.

B.Shehasmuchluggage.

C.Herdestinationisfaraway.

13.Howsoonwillthenextbuscome?

A.Inaboutthreeminutes.

B.Inaboutfiveminutes.

C.Inabouteightminutes.

【答案】H.C12.B13.A

【原文】W:Excuseme,officer.I,vejustcomefromtheairportandIneedtogettothetrain

station.Ihaveabsolutelynoideahowtogetthere.Isitwalkingdistancefromhere?

M:Well,it,snottoofaronfoot,no,butIseeyouhavequiteabitofluggagethere.Itcould

taketenminutestowalkfromhere,soIthinkyou,dbebestusingpublictransportationtobe

honest.Thereisn,tasubwaystationnearhere,butthere,sthenumberfifteenbusthatstops

acrossthestreetandthetrainstationisjusttwoorthreestopsdown.

W:Ohreally?Well,howfrequentarethebuses?Imean,willIhavetowaitlong?

M:Let,ssee.Well,thelastnumberfifteencamebyaboutfiveminutesago,andthey,requite

frequent.Imean,theycomebyeveryeightminutesorso.

聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17四個小題。

14.Whendidtheman,sbosscallJefft?

A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.

15?HowdidJeffexplaineverything?

A.Bye-mail.B.Overthephone.C.Inperson.

16.Whydidn,tJeffcometotheofficeonTuesday?

A.Hewassick.

B.Hewasofftheday.

C.Hewasworkingsomewhereelse.

17.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?

A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Angry.

【答案】14.A15.A16.C17.B

【原文】M:Josie,doyourememberJeffinmyoffice?

W:Yeah.Ihaveseenhimbeforeatyourparty,andyouhavetoldmesomethingabouthim.

M:Heleftlastweek.

W:Left?Really?Doyouknowwhy?

M:Hedidn,tcomeinbyTuesday,soonTuesdayafternoonIcalledtoseewhetherhewasoff

thedayorhewassick.

W:Andwhatdidhesay?

M:Noanswer.Italkedtomyboss,anditseemsthathetriedtocallJeffthemorningbefore

Buthecouldn,tgetthrougheither.

W:Strange.

M:Anyway,bytheendoftheday,Jeffsentane-mailexplainingeverything.

W:Ane-mail?So,whydidheleave?

M:Well,hefoundanewjoblastmonth,butheforgottotellusaboutit.

W:You,rejoking!Howcananyonedothat?

聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。

18?Wherearethespeakers?

A.Intheforest.B.Inthedesert.C.Inthemountains.

19.Whichsafetyfeaturedoesthecarhave?

A.Signals.B.Sunscreen.C.GPS.

20.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?

A.Listentotheradio.

B.Changetheirdirection.

C.Helpwiththecowsontheroad.

【答案】18.B19.C20.A

【原文】W:Ican,thelpworryingwhatwouldhappentousifthecarbrokedown.

M:Youdon,tneedtoworry.Itwasfollyservicedintheeastofthedesertandifanything

happens,Wehaveourphoneswithus.

W:Yes,butwilltherebeasignalinthemiddleofthiswilderness?Hundredsofmilesof

rocksfromhereinthemiddletothewestofthedesert-andIhaven,tseenmanyother

vehicles.

M:Thisisoneofthemostadvancedfour-wheel-drivevehicles.Wehaveair-conditioning,

GPSandemergencyfoodifnecessary.Justenjoytheride.Lookatthosecamels-theydo

thejourneyonfootandthey,renotcomplaining.

W:Yes,butI,veseenmanygoatsandcowsnexttotheroad.Theyweren,tcomfortablein

thisheat.

M:Puttheradioonandenjoytheview.Themusicwillmakeyoubetter.We,requitesafe.

We,rebetterequippedthanmostpeopletodealwithanyproblemsthatmightarise.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

（2023?湖北?校聯(lián)考三模）

Thanksgivingisalmosthere,whichmeansmanyfamiliesaregettingreadytoenjoya

traditionthatgoesbackhundredsofyears:bakingandeatingdeliciouspie.Twoclassic

dessertswillbattleitoutatholidaytables.Ispumpkinpiebetterthanapplepie?

Yes一pumpkinisperfect

Threereasonswhypumpkinpieisbetterthanapplepie

1.AsoneofAmerica,sfirstcrops,pumpkinhasbecomefalΓssignatureflavorsincethe

early18thcentury.Even300yearsago,Americansknewitwasthebestpie.

2.Withitswarm,comfortingmixofcinnamon（肉桂），nutmeg（豆蔻），andotherspices,

deliciouspumpkinpiegivesyouperfectbitesthatmeltinyourmouth,whichsimplycan,tbe

beaten.

3.Asabonus,pumpkinsarepackedfullofvitaminsandnutrientsthataregoodforyour

body.Socutaperfectlyshapedsliceofpumpkingoodnessanddigin.

No-applepiealltheWay

Threereasonswhypumpkinpieisnotbetterthanapplepie

1.ApplepieisjustaboutasoldasourcountryandevenappearedinAmerica9Sfirst

cookbook.Haveyouheardtheexpression"It'sasAmericanasapplepie,,7Noonesaysthat

aboutpumpkinpie!

2.Therearecountlessvariationsontheclassic,withdifferentspicesandflavorings,

driedfruitsandnuts,anddifferentcrusts（酥皮）.Applepieistheclearwinnerforpeople

wholovethebalanceoffruitandbutterypiecrust.

3.Toquoteanotherexpression,??Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway."Thatmeans

applesarenutritiousandhelpkeepushealthy.

Nowthatyou,vereadabitmoreaboutthisissue,clickheretovoteinourdebate.Vote

YESifyouthinkpumpkinpieisbetterthanapplepieorNOifyoudon,t.We,llpublishthe

resultsnextweek.

21.Whatdopumpkinpieandapplepiehaveincommon?

a.Theyarefullofnutrients.

b.Theyhavesimilarflavor.

c.TheyhavedeeprootsinAmerica.

A.ab.B.be.C.ac.D.abc.

22.Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Onamenu.

B.Onawebsite.

C.Inamagazine.

D.Inacookbook.

23.Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toinvitereaderstovoteinadebate.

B.Todistinguishpumpkinpiefromapplepie.

C.Tbadvertisepumpkinpieisbetterthanapplepie.

D.ToencouragebakingandeatingpieatThanksgiving.

【答案】21.C22.B23.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文描述不同民族文化習(xí)俗與傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。作者主要列出了

南瓜派和蘋果派的優(yōu)點，旨在收集讀者對于南瓜派和蘋果派之爭的投票。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yes—pumpkinisperfect中的“AsoneofAmerica'sfirstcrops,

pumpkinhasbecomefall,ssignatureflavorsincetheearly18thcentury.Even300yearsago,

AmeriCanSkneWitWaSthebeStPie.（作為美國最早的作物之一,南瓜自18世紀(jì)初以來就

成為秋天的標(biāo)志性風(fēng)味。甚至在300年前，美國人就知道這是最好的派和No—apple

piealltheway中的“Applepieisjustaboutasoldasourcountryandevenappearedin

America,sfirstcookbook.Haveyouheardtheexpression"It'sasAmericanasapplepie,,7

Noonesaysthataboutpumpkinpie!（蘋果派幾乎和我們的國家-一樣古老，甚至出現(xiàn)在美

國的第一本食譜中。你聽說過“就像蘋果派一樣具有美國特色''這句話嗎?沒人這么說南

瓜派!）”可知兩者都有很長的歷史。根據(jù)Yes—pumpkinisperfect中的“Asabonus,

pumpkinsarepackedfullofvitaminsandnutrientsthataregoodforyourbody.（另夕卜，南瓜

富含維生素和營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，對你的身體有好處。）”和No—applepiealltheway中的“To

quoteanotherexpression,t?Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.^^Thatmeansapplesare

nutritiousandhelpkeepusheaIthy.（弓【用另一種說法：“一天一蘋果，醫(yī)生遠(yuǎn)離我?！边@意

味著蘋果營養(yǎng)豐富，有助于我們保持健康。）“可知，兩者都營養(yǎng)豐富。根據(jù)Yes—pumpkin

isperfect中的“Withitswarm,comfortingmixofcinnamon（肉桂），nutmeg（豆蔻），and

otherspices,delectablepumpkinpiegivesyouperfectbitesthatmeltinyourmouth,which

SimPlyCalvtbebeat.（溫暖舒適的肉桂、肉豆蔻和其他香料混合在一起，美味的南瓜派給

你入口即化的完美口感，簡直是無與倫比的美味。）”和No—applepiealltheWay中的

“Therearecountlessvariationsontheclassic,withdifferentspicesandflavorings,dried

fruitsandnuts,anddifferentcrusts（酥皮）.Applepieistheclearwinnerforpeoplewholove

thebalanceoffruitandbutterypiecrust.（在經(jīng)典的基礎(chǔ)上有無數(shù)的變化，不同的香料和

調(diào)味料，干果和堅果，以及不同的面包皮。對于喜歡水果和黃油派皮平衡的人來說，

蘋果派無疑是贏家。）”可知兩者口感不一樣，南瓜派入口即化，蘋果派有不同的酥皮;

可知二者富含營養(yǎng)且在美國有著深厚的根基。故選C項。

22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Nowthatyou,vereadabitmoreaboutthisissue,clickhere

tovotein。Urdebate.（現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)閱讀了更多關(guān)于這個問題的內(nèi)容，點擊這里在我們的

辯論中投票。）”可知點擊此處可投票，所以這篇文章可能來自網(wǎng)站上，故選B項。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Nowthatyou,vereadabitmoreaboutthisissue,clickhere

tovoteinourdebate.VoteYESifyouthinkpumpkinpieisbetterthanapplepieorNOif

youdon,t.We,llpublishtheresultsnextWeek.（現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)閱讀了更多關(guān)于這個問題的內(nèi)

容，點擊這里在我們的辯論中投票。如果你認(rèn)為南瓜派比蘋果派好吃，請投贊成票；

如果你不認(rèn)為南瓜派比蘋果派好吃，請投反對票。我們將在下周公布結(jié)果。廠可知，作

者想要讀者對南瓜派和蘋果派之爭進(jìn)行投票。故選A項。

B

（2023?河南?校聯(lián)考一模）

AsIstoodinlinewaitingtocashoutatmyfavoriteretailstore,Istudiedthecustomerin

frontofme.Shewasyoung,maybeearlytwenties.Butshealreadyhadatiredlooktoher.

Herfacelookeddrawnfromexhaustion.Herthin,unbuttonedwintercoathadseenthosebad

days.Theitemsinhercartincludedthecheapestcutsofmeat.Powderedmilk,day-oldbread,

bargainsoap,andinexpensiveshampoocompletedherpurchases一well,almost.

“Next!”Whenthecashierfinallytoldherthecost,thewoman,sfacepaled.Sheopeneda

purseandbegancountingsmallbillsandchange.Itwasobviousshedidn,thaveenough,and

shescannedhergroceriestoseewhatshecoulddowithout.Onebyone,sheremovedthings,

butshestillcameupshort.Shecontinuedtodiscardmuch-neededgoodswhilethecashier

setthemasidepatiently.Thechild,sitemsremainedinthecart,however.

Thewomanfinallypaid,andmoveddowntobagthem.Whenmyturncame,Imoved

forwardandplacedseveralitemsthewomanhadtakenout,whispering"Separatebags,

PleaSe''tothecashier.IwonderedhowIcouldsneaktheextrathingsintotheoldcartshe,d

broughtwithoutbeingcaught.Myclerksolvedtheproblemby“accidentally"rollingseveral

orangeshardenoughontheconveyerbeltsothattheyflewpasttheladyandontothefloor.

'THgetthose,,,thewomanofferedkindlyandrantopickuptherunawayfruit.Iquickly

putthetwoextrabagsintohercart.JustasIputthesecondonein,Inoticedatwenty-dollar

billpeekingoutthatIhadnotplacedinthere.

“Youputthatmoneyinthere,didn,tyou?”IaccusedtheclerkwithalaughwhenIwent

topaymybill.Iwassurprisedwhensheshookherhead.??No,itwasher,“shereplied,

pointingtoanotherwoman.

Mysmall,insignificantgesturehadrippledtobecomealargerkindnessthanIevercould

haveimagined.

24.Whatcanweinferaboutthecustomerinfrontof"me”inParagraph1?

A.Sheisawomantothinkofothersbeforeherself.

B.Shepretendedtobepoortogainother,ssympathy.

C.Everythingaboutherscreamedhardshipandneed.

D.Everythingshechosewasn,twhatshetrulyneeded.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”probablymeaninParagraph2?

A.Handle.B.Separate.C.Testout.D.Takeout.

26.Whydidtheclerkrollorangeshardenoughontheconveyerbelt?

A.Todo"me"afavor.B.Totrainherskill.

C.Ibshowheractingexperience.D.Tohelpincreasegrocerysales.

27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.KindnessinGivingCreatesLoveB.WhatGoesaroundComesaround

C.BeingHappyIsEnoughD.MorethanaCoincidence

【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者目睹了一位貧窮的女士在超市購物，

她所購的物品均是打折廉價物品，即便如此，這位女士所帶現(xiàn)金依然不夠，后來她得

到作者、收銀員及另外一位顧客暗中相助的故事。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Istudiedthecustomerinfrontofme.Shewasyoung,

maybeearlytwenties.Butshealreadyhadatiredlooktoher.Herfacelookeddrawnfrom

exhaustion.Herthin,unbuttonedwintercoathadseenthosebaddays.Theitemsinhercart

includedthecheapestcutsofmeat.Powderedmilk,day-oldbread,bargainsoap,and

inexpensiveshampoocompletedherpurchases-well,almost.（我端詳著面前的顧客。她彳艮

年輕，大概二十出頭。但她已經(jīng)顯出疲倦的樣子。她的臉看上去疲憊不堪。她那件單

薄的、沒有扣扣子的冬衣經(jīng)歷過那些糟糕的日子。她購物車?yán)锏臇|西包括最便宜的肉

塊。她買的東西全是奶粉、陳年面包、廉價肥皂和便宜的洗發(fā)水——嗯，差不多。）”

可知，她疲憊憔悴的臉、薄薄的沒有扣扣子的冬衣以及購物車?yán)锏奈锲范颊f明了她生

活充滿了艱辛，經(jīng)濟緊張。故選C。

25.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itwasobviousshedidn,thaveenough,andshescannedher

groceriestoseewhatshecoulddowithout.Onebyone,sheremovedthings,butshestill

CameUPShort.（很明顯，她的錢不夠，于是她掃視了一下她的雜貨，看看有什么東西可

以不用。她一件一件地把物品拿出來，但錢還是不夠。）”以及劃線詞所在句子“She

continuedtodiscardmuch-neededgoodswhilethecashiersetthemasidePatiently.（她繼續(xù)

discard急需的物品,而收銀員則耐心地把它們放在一邊。）”可知，她所帶的現(xiàn)金不足,

于是把很多生活必需品?件一件地拿出來。故此可推斷，劃線詞discard的含義為“拿

出“，與takeout意思一致。故選D。

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中"IwonderedhowIcouldsneaktheextrathingsintothe

oldcartshe,dbroughtwithoutbeingcaught.Myclerksolvedtheproblembytaccidentally,

rollingseveralorangeshardenoughontheconveyerbeltsothattheyflewpasttheladyand

ontothefloor.（我不知道怎樣才能把額外的東西偷偷放進(jìn)她帶來的舊推車?yán)锒槐话l(fā)

現(xiàn)。店員解決了這個問題，她‘不小心'把幾個橙子在傳送帶上滾動得足夠用力，以至于

它們從那位女士身邊飛到了地板上。）”以及第四段中“THgetthose/thewomanoffered

kindlyandrantopickuptherunawayfi*uit.Iquicklyputthetwoextrabagsintohercart.

（‘我來撿?！撕眯牡卣f，然后跑去撿掉在地上的水果。我迅速地把兩個額外的袋子

放進(jìn)她的手推車?yán)?。）“可知，作者想知道怎樣能把多余的東西偷塞進(jìn)她帶來的舊推車?yán)?/p>

并且不被發(fā)現(xiàn)，而店員解決了這個問題，故此可推斷，店員那樣做的目的是幫助作者。

故選Ao

27.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Mysmall,insignificantgesturehadrippledtobecome

alargerkindnessthanIevercouldhaveimagined.（我小小的、微不足道的舉動已經(jīng)變成了

一種比我想象的更大的善意。）”結(jié)合整篇文章中故事的詳細(xì)闡述可知，本文主要闡述了

暗中相助的故事，作者幫助別人付錢且不想被發(fā)現(xiàn)的善意舉動得到了其他人的幫助；

由此可知，選項AtcKindnessinGivingCreatesLOVe（善良的給予創(chuàng)造了愛）''能夠概括文

章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。

C

（2023?山東淄博?統(tǒng)考一模）

Giantpandasareamongthemostlovableanimalsalivetoday.Unliketheirrelatives,

suchasthepolarbear,pandasdon,teatmeatbutsurviveonadietofonlybamboo.Sowhy

andhowhavepandasabandonedtheirtasteformeattopickupavegetariandiet?

Pandastodaydon,teatmeat.However,they,vekeptmuchoftheirmeat-eating

adaptationsfromtimespast.Theirdigestivesystemshavenotchangedmuchfromtheir

meat-eatingdays.Outofthehuge12.5kgofbambootheyeatinasingleday,onlyabout

17%ofitisdigested.Tosurvive,pandaseatlargeamountsofbamboowhilehavinga

low-metabolic（新陳代?t的）,lazylifestyletomakeupforthepoorenergyreturn.

Thegiantpanda,sshifttoavegetariandietisinlinewiththeinactivationofaspecific

gene-Taslrl,whichprovidesthemwiththeabilitytotastecertainaminoacids（氨基酸）

abundantinmeat.Itsinactivationinpandaswouldleadtotheirdietarychange.

Pandashaveevolvedtoagreatdegreetocopewiththeirrelativelyrecentbamboo-eating

lifestyle.Pandasmustseizelongandthinpiecesofbambooshoots.Toassistwiththis,they

havedevelopedalong"fake-thumb”（偽拇指）?Sogiantpandashavesixfingersineachpaw

whichprovidesbettersupportforthemtoseizeobjectsuchasbambooinonepawquickly.

Researchershavefoundthatthesurfaceofthepanda,stongueisdifferent.Whileotherbears

andmanymeat-eatinganimalshavesmoothtongues,pandashaveevolvedtinyprojections

onthesurfaceoftheirtonguesthatservetofiledownfood.Thisisespeciallyusefulfor

pandasastheyremovetheoutercoverofbamboo.

Timewilltellifpandaswilladaptandsurvive,gobacktoeatingmeat,ordisappearin

thewild.Whateverthefutureholds,wecanbegratefulthat,forthetimebeing,wegetto

shareourplanetwiththeseadorableanimals.

28.Whyarethenumbersmentionedinparagraph2?

A.Toillustratethevarietyoffood.

B.Torepresenttheevolutionaryruleofpandas.

C.Tbdescribethechangesoflivingenvironment.

D.Toshowtheineffectivenessofdigestivesystem.

29.Whatcausedpandas,changeindiet?

A.Thelow-metabolicability.

B.Theaminoacidsinmeat.

C.TheTaslrlgene,sinactivation.

D.Thesuppliesofbamboo.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this”inparagraph4referto?

A.Seizingbambooshoots.

B.Thelowenergyreturn.

C.Developingmorefingers.

D.Thevegetariandiet.

31.Whichaspectofpandasdoesparagraph4focuson?

A.Thepreferenceforbamboo.

B.Theevolutionaryfeatureineating.

C.Theuniquelifestyle.

D.Thespecialappearance.

【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要分析了熊貓飲食方面進(jìn)化原因及特征。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Outofthehuge12.5kgofbambootheyeatinasingle

day,onlyabout17%ofitisdigested.（它們一天要吃掉12.5公斤的竹子，其中只有17%能

被消化。）“可知，熊貓進(jìn)食量很大，但是吸收量很小，通過數(shù)據(jù)說明熊貓的消化系統(tǒng)效

率很低。故選D項。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thegiantpanda,sshifttoavegetariandietisinlinewith

theinactivationofaspecificgene-Taslrl,whichprovidesthemwiththeabilitytotastecertain

aminoacids（氨基酸）abundantinmeat.（大熊貓轉(zhuǎn)向素食與特定基因Taslrl的失活相--

致，該基因使它們能夠品嘗肉類中富含的某些氨基酸。）“可知，熊貓的飲食轉(zhuǎn)變是由

TaSlrl基因失活引起的。故選C項。

30.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Pandasmustseizelongandthinpiecesofbamboo

ShoOtS.（大熊貓必須抓住又長又細(xì)的竹筍。）”可知，熊貓需要抓住又長又細(xì)的竹筍，結(jié)

合下文中的"theyhavedevelopedalong"fake-thumb”（偽拇指）.（他們發(fā)展出了一個長長

的“偽拇指）”可知，熊貓為了抓住竹筍，所以長出了偽拇指，由此可判斷，代詞“this”

指代的是“為了抓住竹筍”。故選A項。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Pandashaveevolvedtoagreatdegreetocopewiththeir

relativelyrecentbamboo-eatinglifestyle.Pandasmustseizelongandthinpiecesofbamboo

ShoOtS.（大熊貓已經(jīng)進(jìn)化到很大程度，以應(yīng)對它們相對較新的吃竹子的生活方式。大熊

貓必須抓住又長又細(xì)的竹筍。）“和"Researchershavefoundthatthesurfaceofthepanda,s

tongueisdifferent.Whileotherbearsandmanymeat-eatinganimalshavesmoothtongues,

pandashaveevolvedtinyprojectionsonthesurfaceoftheirtonguesthatservetofiledown

food.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，大熊貓舌頭的表面是不同的。雖然其他熊類和許多食肉動物的

舌頭都很光滑，但熊貓的舌頭表面已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出了微小的突起，可以把食物鏗下來。）“

可知，為了應(yīng)對新的飲食方式的改變，熊貓的爪子進(jìn)化出“偽拇指”，同時研究也發(fā)現(xiàn),

熊貓的舌頭表面為了進(jìn)食，進(jìn)化出很多微小的突起物，由此可以推斷，第四段主要介

紹的是熊貓飲食進(jìn)化的特點，均是為了適應(yīng)新的飲食的變化。故選B項。

D

（2023?遼寧鞍山?校聯(lián)考一模）

Theearthhasmanymysteriesforpeopletoexploreandweliveontheearthfor

protection.DidyouknowthattheearthhastwoNorthPoles?There,sthegeographicNorth

Pole,whichneverchanges.Andthere,sthemagneticNorthPole,whichisalwaysonthe

move.Overthepast150years,themagneticNorthPolehascasuallywandered685miles

acrossnorthernCanada.Butrightnowit,sracing25milesayeartothenorthwest.This

couldbeasignthatwe,reabouttoexperiencesomethinghumanshaveneverseenbefore:a

magneticpolarflip.Andwhenthishappens,itcouldaffectmuchmorethanjustyour

compass.

Rightnowonthesurfaceoftheplanet;itlookslikeit,sjustabarmagnet.Our

compassesarejustpointingtoonepoleatatimebecausethere,smainlyatwo-polesystem.

Butsometimes,theearthdoesn,tjusthaveasinglemagneticNorthandSouthPole.Evidence

suggeststhat,forhundredstothousandsofyearsatatime,ourplanethashadfour,six,and

eveneightpoles.Thisiswhathashappenedwhenthemagneticpolesflippedinthepast.And

whenithappensagain,itwon,tbegoodnewsforhumans.

Nowyoumightthink,eightpolesmustbebetterthantwo.Buttherealityisthatmultiple

magneticfieldswouldfighteachother.Thiscouldweakentheearth,sprotectivemagnetic

fieldbyupto90%duringapolarflip.

Theearth,smagneticfieldiswhatprotectsusfromharmfulspaceradiationwhichcan

damagecellsandcausecancer.Withaweakerfieldinplace,somescientiststhinkthiscould

exposeplanestohigherlevelsofradiation,makingflightslesssafe.

Thiscouldalsodisrupttheinternalsenseofdirectioninmanyanimalsthatusethe

magneticfieldfornavigation.Evenworse,itcouldmakecertainplacesontheplanettoo

dangeroustolivein.Butwhatexactlywilltakeplaceonthesurfaceislessclearthanwhat

willundoubtedlyhappeninspace.

Satellitesandspacemissionswillneedextrashelterthatwe,llhavetoprovideourselves.

Withoutit,intenseuniversalandsolarradiationwillfrycircuitboardsandincreasetherisk

ofcancerinastronauts.

32.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheearth,smagneticfield?

A.Theprotectiveumbrellaofhumans.B.Thenavigationofsatellites.

C.Thecenteroftheuniverse.D.Thefocusofscientificresearch.

33.Whatwillsomeanimalsbefacedwithwhenthemagneticpolesflip?

A.Beingunabletofinddirectionsexactly.

B.Bearingveryloudnoisedayandnight.

C.Losingtheabilitytohuntforfood.

D.Beingunabletoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

34.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Astronautsaremorelikelytosufferfromcancer.

B.ThemagneticNorthPoleismovingfasterthanbefore.

C.Therearealwaysmorethantwomagneticpolesontheearthatatime.

D.Flightsaren,tallowedtotravelasusualwhenthemagneticpolesflip.

35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Howandwhenwillthepolesflip?

B.Thereasonswhyscientistsresearchpoles

C.Whatwillhappenwhenthepolesflip?

D.Thewaysthatscientistsresearchpoles

【答案】32.A33.A34.B35.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了地球的磁場對人類的作用，以及磁極翻轉(zhuǎn)

會給地球上的生命所帶來的影響。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Theearth,smagneticfieldiswhatprotectsusfrom

harmfulspaceradiationwhichcandamagecellsandcauseCanCer.（地球磁場保護(hù)我們免受

有害的太空輻射的傷害，太空輻射會破壞細(xì)胞并導(dǎo)致癌癥）”可推知，地球磁場是人類的

保護(hù)傘。故選A。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thiscouldalsodisrupttheinternalsenseofdirect沁n

inmanyanimalsthatusethemagneticfieldfornavigation.（這也會破壞許多動物利用磁場

導(dǎo)航的內(nèi)在方向感）''可知，當(dāng)磁極翻轉(zhuǎn)時，一些動物將找不到確切的方向。故選A。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthepast150years,themagneticNorthPolehas

casuallywandered685milesacrossnorthernCanada.Butrightnowit,sracing25milesa

yeartothenorthwest.（在過去的150年里，磁北極在加拿大北部隨意漂移了685英里。

但現(xiàn)在它正以每年25英里的速度向西北方向移動）”可知，磁北極比以前移動得更快。

故選Bo

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thiscouldbeasignthatwe,reabouttoexperience

somethinghumanshaveneverseenbefore:amagneticpolarflip.Andwhenthishappens,it

couldaffectmuchmorethanjustyourCOmPaSS.（這可能是一個跡象，表明我們即將經(jīng)歷人

類從未見過的事情:磁極翻轉(zhuǎn)。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時，它可能影響的不僅僅是你的指南針）“

結(jié)合文章主要說明了地球的磁場對人類的作用，以及磁極翻轉(zhuǎn)會給地球上的生命所帶

來的影響?？芍?，C選項“當(dāng)兩極翻轉(zhuǎn)時會發(fā)生什么？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

第二節(jié)（其5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多

余選項。

（2023?山東濟寧?統(tǒng)考一模）

STEM