20202021學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二期末備考卷英語（A）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選岀最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給岀5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anaccident. B.Thewoman’sworries. C.Thewoman’sillness.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Quitsmoking.B.Stayoutallday.C.Talkseriouslywithherdaughter.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatsportispopularintheman’scountry?A.Swimming. B.Football. C.Tabletennis.9.Whydon’tthespeakersgoskating?A.Thereisnoicenow.B.Theyfeelboredofit.C.Thewomandoesn’tknowhowtoskate.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendoesthemanusuallyfinishhiswritingclass?A.At6:50p.m. B.At7:00p.m. C.At7:30p.m.11.WhatsubjectisSamstudying?A.Chemistry. B.History. C.Math.12.Wherewillthewomanwaitfortheman?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inarestaurant.C.Outsidetheman’sclassroom.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesBobprobablyenjoyeatingmost?A.Chicken. B.Spicytofu. C.Friedporkslices(薄片).14.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.InHarbin. B.InChengdu. C.InTianjin.15.WhydoesBoboffertopayforthemeal?A.Hejustmovedintotown.B.Hejustfoundanewjob.C.HeinvitedBrendatotherestaurant.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Coworkers. C.Teacherandstudent.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisconsideredbadluckinWashingtonD.C.?A.Bringingumbrellasinsidecars.B.Openingumbrellasinsidebuildings.C.Closingumbrellastodrythemout.18.Whataremosttouristsprobablyhopingtosee?A.Flowers. B.Tallbuildings. C.Famouspictures.19.Accordingtothespeaker,whyshouldpeopledriveslowlyonwetstreets?A.Tostaysafe.B.Toprotectthetrees.C.Tomakesurethelocalsstaydry.20.Onwhichdayissnowexpected?A.Sunday. B.Monday. C.Wednesday.【答案】15CABAC 610BCBAA 1115ACCBB 1620ABACC第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAlabama:Priester’sPecansDessertintheSouthbasicallystartsandendswithanooeygooeypecan(核桃)pie.EspeciallyinAlabama,wherethepecanistheofficialstatenut.Whilethereareplentyoffarmsthatpickandpackagepecans,perhapsthemostfamousisPriester’s,afamilyrunbusinessthat’sbeensupplyingAlabamawithitsfavoritenutsforoversevendecades.Alaska:SalmonjerkyForgetbeefjerky(肉干)—inAlaska,it’sallaboutthesalmonjerky.Hometofivedifferentspeciesoftheflavorfulfish(king,red,pink,silver,andchum),thenorthernmoststateproducesnearlyonethirdofthewildsalmonconsumedaroundtheworld.Bonus:Salmonisoneofthesevenhealthiestfishyoucaneat.Arizona:SaguarocactusThelargestcactus(仙人掌)intheUnitedStates,thesaguarocactusisfoundonlyinArizona’sSonoranDesert.Livingtobeupto200yearsold,thecacti,whoseflowerisalsothestate’sflower,aregenerallyaround30feettallandcangrowunlimitedarms.Wanttoseeforyourself?Visitoneofthese10outstandingdesertescapesinAmerica.California:WineGuideItisn’tcalled“WineCountry”fornoreason.NorthernCalifornia,specificallyNapaValleyandSonomaValley,produceover60,000registeredwinelabels,makingvino(酒類產(chǎn)品)thestate’smostvaluableagriculturalproduct.Ifyou’relookingforthemostpopularvarietals(優(yōu)質(zhì)釀酒葡萄汁),thetoptwofrequentlyplantedgrapesarechardonnayandcabernetsauvignon.21.HowlonghasthePriester’sfarmlasted?A.About7years. B.About30years.C.About70years. D.About200years.22.Whichstateisfamousforsalmon?A.Alaska. B.Arizona. C.Alabama. D.California.23.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?A.Alibraryguide. B.Anewsreport.C.Aprojecthandbook. D.Atravelguide.【答案】2123CAD【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Alabama州、Alaska州、Arizona州以及California州四個(gè)州的特產(chǎn)。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whilethereareplentyoffarmsthatpickandpackagepecans,perhapsthemostfamousisPriester’s,afamilyrunbusinessthat’sbeensupplyingAlabamawithitsfavoritenutsforoversevendecades.”可知Priester’s是一家家族經(jīng)營的企業(yè)，70多年來一直向阿拉巴馬州供應(yīng)其最喜愛的山核桃故選C。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“thenorthernmoststateproducesnearlyonethirdofthewildsalmonconsumedaroundtheworld.”（這個(gè)最北部的州出產(chǎn)了世界上三分之一的野生三文魚。）可知Alaska州以三文魚而聞名。故選A。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要介紹了Alabama、Alaska、Arizona以及California四個(gè)州的特產(chǎn)可知文章可能選自一本旅游手冊。故選D。BMarielleBacasonwas22whensheexperiencedthestormthatwouldchangeherlife.OnNovember8,2013,sheheldontowhatevershecouldasthewindofupto315kilometersperhourdestroyedeverythinginitspath.Whenthewindfinallydieddownandthestormbecamelessviolent,thisiswhatshesaw:“Youcouldnotdistinguishtheroadsanddeadbodiesofpeopleandanimalseverywhere.Wefearedforoursafetyeveryday,especiallyduringthenight.WejustwantedtoleaveTacloban...Iwastraumatised,”shesays.InherhometownofTacloban,intheEasternVisayasregionofthePhilippines,southeastfromthecapitalofManila,herhomeandeverythingsheownedwasdamaged.SuperTyphoonHaiyanwasthestrongeststormtohitthecountry,reportedlykillingover6,300people,thoughthelocalssaidthetoll(傷亡人數(shù))wasmuchhigher.Recoveringfromaneventlikethisisnoeasytask.Marielleandothersasked:Whyme?Whydidthishappen?Whoisresponsible?Forthepastfiveyears,Mariellehasbeentryingtofindtheanswers.That’swhyshealongwithotheramazingwomen,aretakingonsomeoftheworld’slargestcoal,oilandgaspanies,includingExxonMobil,bp,ChevronandShell,forcontributingtothehumanharmresultingfromtheimpactsofclimatechange.Causedbyapetition(請?jiān)笗?filedin2015byrepresentativesofmunitiesandorganizationsacrossthePhilippines,thisinvestigation(調(diào)查)bythemissiononHumanRights(人權(quán)委員會(huì))ofthePhilippinesisthefirstofitskindtobelaunchedbyanindependentconstitutionaloffice.Theresult,whichwon’tbeknownuntilearly2019,couldbegamechangerforthefossilfuelindustry.Marielle,whoisnowworkingasresearchnurseinLondon,putsitsimply:“AllIaskofthesebigpaniesistoallowourchildren,grandchildren,andthefuturegenerationstobeabletoenjoyanundamagedplanet.Ijustaskthattheyconsiderthelongtermeffectsoftheiractions.”24.HowdidMariellefeelafterthestorm?A.Puzzled. B.Shocked. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.25.What’sMarielle’s’purposeoffightingagainstthosepanies?A.Topushthemtohelpherhometownrecover.B.Topletelydrivethemoutofhercountry.C.Togetbackallherpossessionslostinthestorm.D.Toaskthemtobeenvironmentallyresponsible.26.WhatdoweknowabouttheinvestigationmentionedinParagraph5?A.Itmightgreatlyinfluencethefossilfuelindustry.B.It’sbeingcarriedoutbyMarielleandhercolleagues.C.It’llhavelongtermeffectonTacloban’seconomy.D.It’llmeasurethedamagecausedbySuperTyphoonHaiyan.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMarielle?A.She’saneasygoingwoman.B.Shecareslittleaboutclimatechange.C.Sheholdsstrongsocialresponsibility.D.SheusedtobearesearchnurseinLondon.【答案】2427BDAC【解析】本文是記敘文。石油、煤炭等企業(yè)極大地影響了氣候變化，深受其害的Marielle和其他菲律賓人多年來奮起抗?fàn)?，訴求這些企業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化負(fù)責(zé)。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Marielle的描述：臺(tái)風(fēng)過后，尸野遍地。我們每天都在擔(dān)心自己的安危，尤其晚上更害怕。感覺自己受到了創(chuàng)傷。由此判斷出風(fēng)暴過后，Marielle感覺很震驚。故選B項(xiàng)。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，Marielle與這些公司抗?fàn)幨且驗(yàn)檫@些公司對氣候變化帶來的嚴(yán)重后果負(fù)有不可推卸的責(zé)任。文章最后一段Marielle所說的話也表明了這樣的觀點(diǎn)。由此判斷出Marielle反對那些公司的目的是要求他們對環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)。故選D項(xiàng)。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Theresult,whichwon’tbeknownuntilearly2019,couldbeagamechangerforthefossilfuelindustry.”（結(jié)果可能會(huì)改變化石燃料行業(yè)的游戲規(guī)則。）可知，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果可能將對礦物燃料工業(yè)產(chǎn)生極大的影響。故選A項(xiàng)。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段可知，過去的五年間，Marielle一直在尋找家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害的原因，為此她和其他一些勇敢偉大的女性一起與石化公司抗?fàn)?。根?jù)最后一段Marielle所說的話“AllIaskofthesebigpaniesistoallowourchildren,grandchildren,andthefuturegenerationstobeabletoenjoyanundamagedplanet.Ijustaskthattheyconsiderthelongtermeffectsoftheiractions.”（為了讓我們的后代有個(gè)完好的地球，這些企業(yè)應(yīng)該考慮到他們的行為所帶來的長期影響。）可推知，Marielle是一個(gè)富有社會(huì)責(zé)任感的人。故選C項(xiàng)。CWhatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday,formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanobviousexample,Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.Now,onaverse,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisarelativelyshortperiodoftime,sowemayassumethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Again,inthemodernworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evenso,westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain’scapacity.Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore,andeventuallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetoo:thehead,inparticulartheforehead,willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybeeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman’seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald(光禿的).Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Butinspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotinmonwithus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.28.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.humansneedn’twearglassesinthefutureB.man’slifewillbedifferentinthefutureC.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusD.manisgrowingtalleranduglierastimepasses29.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“assume”inParagraph2?A.predict B.think C.pretend D.know30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.futurelifeisalwayspredictable(可預(yù)測的)B.humanbeingswillbeelessattractiveinthefutureC.lessuseofabodilyorgan(器官)mayleadtoitsdegeneration(退化)D.humanbeingshopeforachangeinthefuturelife31.Futuremanwillbesimilartousin________.A.colourandheight B.sizeandappearanceC.thoughtandobservation D.thoughtandemotion【答案】2831CACD【解析】本文是一篇科幻類短文，是關(guān)于將來的人類將變成什么樣子，如果我們對某項(xiàng)技能使用較多，那么我們就可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展該項(xiàng)。如果我們不使用，那么某項(xiàng)技能就有可能退化。28.主旨大意題。根據(jù)主題段第一段“Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday,formanisslowlychangingallthetime.”說明本文主要告訴我們將來的人會(huì)與現(xiàn)在的人的差別很大，故C正確。29.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線所在句可知此處是說，五百年是相對較短的一段時(shí)間，所以我們可以假設(shè)人類會(huì)繼續(xù)長高。由此可知，劃線詞的意思是：假設(shè)，推測，故選A。30.推理判斷題。本文所舉的多個(gè)例子都說明我們身體的功能會(huì)用進(jìn)廢退，如我們的頭發(fā)，我們的四肢等等。故選C。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Hewillstillheahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.”可知，未來的人在思想和情感上和我們現(xiàn)在是相似的。故選D。DThefacesofthefourU.S.presidentsonMountRushmorewillbelikelytolastforcenturies.ButatanewlyopenedexhibitinJapan,youcancatchthemonlyforabouteightmonths.Thisyear,theannualsandsculptureeventattheSandMuseuminTottori,Japan,isfocusedonanothercountry.Thisisthe10thanniversaryoftheevent.Artistscamefrom19countriestoshapesandintodifferentsculpturesthatrepresenteventsinU.S.historyandAmericanlandmarks.TottoriisaremotecityinthewesternpartofJapan.Inthepast,notmanytouriststraveledtoit,soTottoriofficialsdecidedtouseanaturalresource:sand.Theydecidedtocreateasandmuseumthatwouldhouseaseriesofsandsculpturesbasedondifferentgeographicareasoftheworld.Thesandfromeachyear’sexhibitionisusedagainthenextyear.Theprojecthasbeenasuccess.About500,000peopleetovisitthemuseumduringtheeightmonths.Someofthemreturnthereyearafteryeartoseethenewsculptures.Thecityisnowbeingaverypopularspotforsandsculptureartiststoo.SculptorsfromallovertheworldetoTottorieachspring,spendingafewweeksworkingontheirmasterpieces.Theyusespecialtoolstosmooththesandysurfaces,cutanglesanddetails.Theyuseonlysandandwatertocreatethehugesculptures,someofwhichtowerovertheircreators.Originally,theartistsbuilttheircreationsoutside.Buttheworkslastedlessthantwomonthsoutdoors.Sothemuseumbuiltapermanentstructuretohousetheartworks,whichextendedtheirlifetoeightmonthsmoreorless.Nowmanymoretouristsgettoseethesculptures.Still,thefactthatthisartisnotpermanentisthebiggestpartoftheappeal.ThetemporarysculpturesalsoshowareflectionontheJapanesevalueofappreciatingthefleeting(短暫的)natureoftheworld.TottoriisnottheonlyJapanesecitythatshowstemporaryartlikethis.Sapporo,innorthernJapan,hostsasimilarexhibitinthewinter,usingsnowinsteadofsand.ThatwillbejustaboutthetimewhentheU.S.sandsculptureexhibitionistakenapart,andthesandissavedfornextyear’sshow.32.WhyistheSandMuseumsetupinTottori?A.Toattractmorevisitorstothecity.B.Toemphasizethefeatureofthecity.C.Todisplaythediversecultureofthecity.D.Toshowthewonderfulartworksofthecity.33.WhichfactormainlyaccountsforthehighpopularityofTottori’ssandsculptures?A.Theirdiversity. B.Theirartisticbeauty.C.Theirunsustainability. D.Theirsymbolicsignificance.34.WhatdotheexhibitsinTottoriandSapporoimply?A.Artistsaremoreeasilyinspiredbynature.B.Natureenablesartiststocreatediverseartworks.C.Naturalworksofartarefashionableintheworld.D.Thesandismorepopularwithartiststhanthesnow.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.ASpecialSandExhibition B.Sand’sMeaningtotheArtistsC.UniqueUrbanArchitecture D.Artists’ContributionstotheWorld【答案】3235ACBA【解析】本文是一篇說明文。Tottori地處偏僻的地方，該市為了吸引更多的游客，充分利用當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀毁Y源——沙子，舉辦了沙雕展。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Inthepast,notmanytouriststraveledtoit,soTottoriofficialsdecidedtouseanaturalresource:sand可知，Tottori創(chuàng)辦沙雕博物館的目的是吸引游客。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Still,thefactthatthisartisnotpermanentoftheappeal可知，這種沙雕藝術(shù)的不可持久性是其最大的魅力。由此可知，應(yīng)選C。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可推知，Tottori舉行的沙雕展和Sapporo舉行的冰雕展都表明藝術(shù)家們能夠充分利用現(xiàn)有的自然資源創(chuàng)作出多樣的藝術(shù)品。故選B項(xiàng)。35.標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的ButatanewlyopenedexhibitinJapan,youcancatchthemonlyforabouteightmonths可知，本文主要圍繞Tottori的沙雕展展開，說明了Tottori為了吸引游客充分利用其當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀毁Y源沙子創(chuàng)辦了別具特色的沙雕展。故A項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimeswefallinlovewithsomethingatonceandsometimesittakestime.36Ifwerelucky,weeacrossapoemthatimmediatelyattractsus.Butusuallyweneedtospendalittletimeormakealittleefforttotrulyunderstandapoem.TodayI’dliketosharesometipsforreadingpoetryinwaysthatmaketheexperiencebetterwiththegoalofimprovingyourownpoetrywriting.37Sometimesapoemthatseemsboringonfirstreadingbeesclearwithmorereadings.Apoemthatfeelsmeaninglessbeesdeeperandmoremeaningful.Andsometimesyou’rejustnotintherightmoodthefirsttimeyoureadapoem,butlaterittouchesyourheart.Keepadictionaryandapoetryreferencebookathandwhenyouarereadingpoetry.Poetsarefondofusingunusualwords.38Readaloudandlistentothepoem.Somepoemshaveunclearstructuresandhearingapoet’sreadingwillmakethepoem’srhythmclear.39Afteryoufinishreadingapoem,takeafewmomentstoconsiderwhatitissaying.Sometimesitsmeaningarebetterunderstoodthroughrepeatedreadings.40Itishardtosaythatthere’sarightandwrongwaytoreadpoetry,butthereisanargumenttobemadeforreadingpracticesthatwillenrichyourexperience,increaseyourenjoyment,anddeepenyourunderstandingofanypoem.A.Besides,apoet’sreadingcanevenhelpunderstandthepoem’smeaning.B.Keeparecordtotrackthepoetsyou’vestudiedandthepoemsyou’veread.C.Othertimestheyaregraspedthroughreflectiononapoem.D.Thesameistruewithpoetry.E.Readingapoemrepeatedlywilldeepenyourunderstandingofit.F.Studythepoet’slifeandreadsomeofhisotherworkstogaindeeperunderstanding.G.Insteadofskippingoverthesewordsortryingtoguesstheirmeanings,lookthemup.【答案】3640DEGAC【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹如何閱讀和理解詩歌的幾點(diǎn)建議。36.空格前句：有時(shí)我們會(huì)馬上愛上一件事，有時(shí)則需要很長時(shí)間?？崭窈笪模喝绻疫\(yùn)的話，我們遇到一首詩，它會(huì)馬上吸引我們。此處需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過渡句，故D項(xiàng)（詩歌也是如此。）符合語境。37.根據(jù)本空后的“Sometimesapoemthatseemsboringonfirstreadingbeesclearwithmorereadings.”可知，有時(shí)候一首詩第一次讀的時(shí)候很枯燥，但讀得次數(shù)越多對它的理解就越清晰，此處是說反復(fù)閱讀的好處，故E項(xiàng)（反復(fù)閱讀一首詩會(huì)加深你對它的理解。）符合語境。38.根據(jù)本空前的“Poetsarefondofusingunusualwords.”可知，詩人喜歡使用不尋常的詞匯。此處承接上文，講的還是關(guān)于這些詞匯的情況，故G項(xiàng)（不要跳過這些詞或試圖猜測它們的意思，而是翻詞典。）符合語境。39.根據(jù)本空前的“Somepoemshaveunclearstructuresandhearingapoet’sreadingwillmakethepoem’srhythmclear.”可知，有些詩的結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，聽詩人朗誦會(huì)使詩聽起來更有韻律。此處承接上文，講的是聽詩人朗誦的好處，故A項(xiàng)（另外，詩人的朗誦甚至還會(huì)幫助你理解詩的意義。）符合語境。40.根據(jù)本空前的“Sometimesitsmeaningarebetterunderstoodthroughrepeatedreadings.”可知，有時(shí)候反復(fù)閱讀可以讓你更好地理解詩的含義，此處是說另一種情況，故C項(xiàng)（其他時(shí)候，則需要通過反思來理解一首詩。）符合語境。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.OneiscalledIrelandand41Britain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargeroneofthesetwoislands,anditis42intothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles43bytheQueen.ItismadeupofScotland,WalesandEngland,thatis,the44ofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,thenorthernpart.The45ofIrelandisselfgoverning.The46nameoftheUnitedKingdomis47“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”.Englandis48andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland,andhasthemost49oftheUnitedKingdom,sopeopleoftenusethe50“England”and“English”whenthey51“Britain”and“British”.ThissometimesmakestheScotsandtheWelshalittle52.TheScotsinparticulararevery53oftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshtoodonot54themselvesastheEnglish,andhaveacultureand55alanguageoftheirown.IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801,butforfortyyearsthe“Irish56”wasthegreatestheadacheoftheUnitedKingdom.57,Irelandwasdividedintotwo:NorthernIrelandstill58totheUnitedKingdom,andin1922therestofIreland59tofoundanIrishFreeState,latercalledEireandnowtheRepublicofIreland.TheRepublicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain,andisnotnowevenasupporterofthemonwealthofNations.Unlikethemajormonwealthcountries,itdidnotliftafingerto60BritishintheSecondWorldWarandnowwantsthewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.41.A.theone B.theother C.another D.other42.A.divided B.cut C.broken D.separated43.A.watchedout B.takenup C.defendedagainst D.ruledover44.A.half B.part C.most D.whole45.A.smaller B.bigger C.rest D.island46.A.correct B.true C.full D.last47.A.so B.therefore C.likely D.perhaps48.A.meaner B.wider C.poorer D.larger49.A.colleges B.officials C.cities D.population50.A.words B.names C.spellings D.pronunciations51.A.say B.cover C.show D.write52.A.angry B.cautious C.enjoyable D.lonely53..A.proud B.tired C.fond D.careful54.A.respect B.rank C.elect D.regard55.A.ever B.even C.seldom D.never56.A.Country B.Question C.Disease D.Republic57.A.Finally B.However C.Meanwhile D.Instead58.A.returns B.belongs C.refers D.adds59.A.turnedaway B.runaway C.brokeaway D.keptaway60.A.unite B.reject C.fight D.help【答案】4145BADDC 4650CBDDA 5155AAADB 5660BABCD【解析】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國的地理概況、組成部分及歷史淵源等。41.考查不定代詞。由上文中的“twolargeislands.OneiscalledIreland”可知，此處為兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)，應(yīng)選B。42.考查動(dòng)詞。bedividedinto：被分成……；cutinto：打斷，侵犯”；breakinto：破門而入；separate常和from搭配，意為：分離，分開。故選A。43.考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.watchedout：小心提防；B.takenup：拿起，從事；C.defendedagainst：防衛(wèi)，保衛(wèi)；D.ruledover：統(tǒng)治，支配。由該句并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，TheUnitedKingdom就是theBritishIsles中被女王統(tǒng)治的那一部分。故選D。44.考查名詞。A.half：一半；B.part：部分；C.most：大部分；D.whole：全部。由第一段最后一句可知，Britain是由Scotland，Wales和England三部分組成，所以說以上三部分就是整個(gè)的Britain。故選D。45.考查形容詞。A.smaller：更小的；B.bigger：更大的；C.rest：其余的；D.island：島的。愛爾蘭分為兩部分，北部為英國統(tǒng)治，其他部分自治。故選C。46.考查形容詞。A.correct：正確的；B.true：真的；C.full：完全的，全部的；D.last：最后的。此處指英國的全稱。fullname：全名。故選C。47.考查副詞。A.so：所以；B.therefore：因此；C.likely：很可能；D.perhaps：或許，大概。由上文可知theUnitedKingdom包括Scotland，Wales，England以及NorthernIreland，又因Scotland，Wales和England就是指整個(gè)Britain，因此theUnitedKingdom又被稱為TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland。故選B。48.考查形容詞。A.meaner：更吝嗇；B.wider：更寬的；C.poorer：更窮的；D.larger：更大的。England比其他的地方更大（larger），更富有。故選D。49.考查名詞。A.colleges：大學(xué)；B.officials：官員；C.cities：城市；D.population：人口。只有人口最多，再加上面積最大和人民最富有，才能使人們提起B(yǎng)ritain和British這兩個(gè)詞時(shí)常用England和English來代替。D項(xiàng)符合語境。50.考查名詞。A.words：單詞；B.names：名字；C.spellings：拼寫；D.pronunciations：發(fā)音。根據(jù)句意選A。51.考查動(dòng)詞。A.say：說；B.cover：覆蓋；C.show：顯示；D.write：寫。表示當(dāng)人們說Britain和British時(shí)，常常用England和English這兩個(gè)單詞。故選A。52.考查形容詞。A.angry：生氣的；B.cautious：謹(jǐn)慎的；C.enjoyable：快樂的；D.lonely：寂寞的。因?yàn)閃ales和Scotland都屬于Britain，所以這樣做自然讓威爾土人和蘇格蘭人都有點(diǎn)生氣（angry）。故選A。53.考查形容詞。A.proud：自豪的；B.tired：累的；C.fond：喜歡的；D.careful：細(xì)心的。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指尤其是蘇格蘭人，他們以自己是不同的民族而自豪。beproudof：為……自豪或驕傲，符合語境。故選A。54.考查動(dòng)詞。A.respect：尊重；B.rank：排列；C.elect：選舉，選擇；D.regard：注重，考慮。此處表示威爾士人也不把自己看作（regard）英國人。故選D。55.考查副詞。A.ever：曾經(jīng)；B.even：甚至；C.seldom：很少，難得；D.never：從來沒有。威爾士人有自己的文化，甚至有自己的語言。故選B。56.考查名詞。A.Country：國家；B.Question：問題；C.Disease：疾??；D.Republic：共和國。由下文中的“thegreatestheadache”可推出答案為B。故選B。57.考查副詞。A.Finally：最后；B.However：然而；C.Meanwhile：與此同時(shí)；D.Instead：代替。愛爾蘭最終被分為兩部分。故選A。58.考查動(dòng)詞。A.returns：返回；B.belongs：屬于；C.refers：參考；D.adds：增加。belongto：屬于。NorthernIreland仍舊屬于theUnitedKingdom。故選B。59.考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.turnedaway：避開，解雇；B.runaway：逃跑；C.brokeaway：脫離，放棄；D.keptaway：遠(yuǎn)離，回避。1922年愛爾蘭其余部分脫離了出來。故選C。60.考查動(dòng)詞。A.unite：使……聯(lián)合；B.reject：拒絕；C.fight：戰(zhàn)斗；D.help：幫助。愛爾蘭共和國在二戰(zhàn)中一點(diǎn)都沒有幫助英國人。由liftafinger可知此處指幫助（help）。故選D。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HowtoachieveahealthylifestyleWeallknowthatitisgoodtoliveahealthylife.61(live)ahealthylifemeansweshouldeathealthyfood.Yetformanyofuskeepingahealthylifestyleisverydifficult.Partofthisisbecausewearecreaturesofhabit.Soifyouwant62(live)ahealthylife,youhavetochangeyourhabitsthatarenotsohealthy.Inordertofeellesstired,youhavetoreplaceyourhabitofsleepingonly4hoursadaywithsleepingatleast6hoursaday.Nowwhenmostpeopledecidetoliveamorehealthylife,theytrytodealwithalloftheirhabitsallatonce.Takelosingweight63example.Theygoon64quitestrictdiet,andyes,theydoloseweightsometimesalotofweightinashortperiod.Buttheydonotreallychangetheireatinghabits.Sothesepeopleoftennoticetheywillgaintheweight65andmoreeven,oncetheystopthediet.Andthesameholdstrueforthesepeople.Theystartexercisinginordertoloseweightortoovereaphysicalproblem.Oncetheweighthasbeenlostortheproblemhasbeenovere,manystop66(exercise).Ithasnotbeeahabit.Infact,alotofpeopledon’tlookforwardto67(create)thesehabits,suchaseatingbreakfast,regularphysicalexerciseandenoughsleep.Peopleplainthesehabitsareso68(bore)anddifficulttoachievethattheyhave69(little)timetospendonthingstheyliketodo.Sopeopleshouldchangetheirattitudesfirst.Whatifyouthoughtofchocolateasakindofboringfood?Whatifyouthoughtofphysicalexerciseassomething70(relax)?【答案】61.Living 62.tolive 63.for 64.a 65.back66.exercising 67.creating 68.boring 69.less 70.relaxing【解析】這是一篇說明文。我們都知道健康生活是好的。然而，對我們許多人來說，保持健康的生活方式是非常困難的。文章主要說明了該如何實(shí)現(xiàn)健康的生活方式，61.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：健康生活意味著我們應(yīng)該吃健康的食物。本句缺少主語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語做主語，故填Living。62.考查固定短語。句意：所以，如果你想過健康的生活，你必須改變那些不那么健康的習(xí)慣。固定短語wanttodosth.“想要做某事”，故填tolive。63.考查固定短語。固定短語：takesth.forexample“以……為例”，故填for。64.考查固定短語。固定短語goonadiet“節(jié)食”。故填a。65.考查副詞。句意：所以這些人經(jīng)常注意到，一旦停止節(jié)食，他們的體重會(huì)反彈，甚至反彈得更多。gainback“重新獲得；反彈”，故填back。66.考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：一旦體重減輕或問題得到解決，許多人就會(huì)停止鍛煉。stopdoingsth.：停止正在做的事，故填exercising。67.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。固定短語：lookforwardtodoingsth.“期待做某事”。故填creating。68.考查形容詞。結(jié)合上文habitsare可知應(yīng)填形容詞，且修飾habits應(yīng)用ing結(jié)尾形容詞。故填boring。69.考查形容詞比較級(jí)。結(jié)合句