Unit4UrbanizationReadthequotesinoriginallanguage;iftheyaredifficulttounderstand,pleaserefertotheirtranslatedversions.Sometimestranslatedversionscancontributetoourownunderstandingoftheoriginal.天將降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，勞其筋骨，餓其體膚。

——孟子（公元前372年—公元前289年）WhentheHeavenisabouttoconferagreatofficeonanyman,itfirstexerciseshismindwithsufferingandhissinewsandbonesandtoil.Itexposeshisbodytohungerandsubjectshimtoextremepoverty.——Mencius(372—289BCE)

Citiesforcegrowth,andmakementalkativeandentertaining,buttheymakethemartificial.

——RalphWaldoEmerson（1803—1882）城市孕育增長，令人健談，使人風趣，也使人矯揉造作?！瓲柗颉の譅柖唷勰?803—1882）TextA:Morethan100ChineseCitiesNowabove1MillionPeople1).Therelationshipbetweencitiesandpeopleismultifacetedandinterconnected,shapingeachotherinprofoundways.

Couldyougiveussomeexamples?2).Uponreadingthistitle,whatdoyouexpecttofindinthefollowingpassage?detailsofurbanization,driversofurbanizationorchallengesofurbanization?1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions1).HowmanymorepeopleliveinQuanzhoucomparedtoMadrid?(para.3)2).WhataresomeofthereasonswhyQuanzhouisrarelydiscussedevenwithinChinesemedia,despiteitshistoricalandculturalsignificance?(para.4)3).WhatpercentageofChina'spopulationwillbelivingincitiesby2030,andwhatisthecurrentpercentage?(para.7)4).WhatdidthelocalgovernmentinZhengzhoutransformadustypatchoflandinto,andwhatasignificantcompanynowoperatesinthatlocation?(para.11)1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions5).AccordingtoMcKinsey,howmanycitiesinChinaareforecastedtohaveapopulationofatleast1millionby2025,andwhatwillbetheresultingimpactonconstruction?(para.14)6).Whatisthedescriptionofnewlybuiltapartmentblocksintheparagraph,andhowdoesthisuniformconstructionmakecitiesappear?(para.16)7).Howmuchmoneyhasthegovernmentrecentlyapprovedforarailwayprojecttoimprovetransportlinksbetweentheseregions,andwhatistheestimatedcombinedpopulationoftheresultingmegacity?(para.20)2.Detailsofthetext1).WhyisQuanzhounotfrequentlymentionedinChinesemedia?

A.Itlackshistoricsites.

B.Itisasmalltownwithoutmuchsignificance.

C.ItisovershadowedbycitieslikeBeijingandShanghai.

D.Itdoesnothaveanycafes.2).WhatmakesKaifengnotableinhistory?

A.Itisoneofthecurrentmega-citiesinChina.

B.ItwasastopontheSilkRoadandaformerimperialcapital.

C.IthasapopulationlargerthanShanghai.

D.Itisanewlyestablishedcity.2.Detailsofthetext3).HowdoestheMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredictthenumberofChinesecitieslargerthanLiverpoolwillchangeby2025?

A.Itwilldecreasetolessthanhalf.

B.Itwillstayroughlythesame.

C.Itwillincreaseslightly.

D.Itwillhavemorethandoubled.4).WhatistheChinesegovernment'sgoalforurbanizationby2020?

A.Decreasecitydwellersto50%.

B.Maintainthecurrenturbanizationrate.

C.Increaseurbandwellersto60%.

D.Urbanizetheentirepopulation.

2.Detailsofthetext5).WhatistheimplicationofWeihai'spopulationcomparedtoLiverpool?

A.WeihaiisasmallercitythanLiverpool.

B.Theybothhavethesamepopulationsize.

C.Weihai'spopulationisestimatedtobelargerthanthatofLiverpool'surbanarea.

D.ThetextdoesnotprovideinformationaboutWeihai'spopulation.6).Whatistheprimaryactiontakenbythegovernmenttoachieveitsurbanizationgoals?

A.Forcingruralresidentstomovetocities.

B.Encouragingruralresidentstourbanize.

C.Buildingmoreruralareastodecreasecitypopulations.

D.Decreasingthesizeofexistingcities.2.Detailsofthetext1.C

解析：因為北京、上海和香港繼續(xù)占據(jù)大部分頭條新聞，所以即便是在中國媒體內(nèi)，也很少討論擁有一千年歷史清真寺和迷人咖啡館的泉州。（Quanzhou,withits1,000-year-oldmosqueandcharmingcafes,israrelydiscussedevenwithinChinesemedia,whereasBeijing,ShanghaiandHongKongcontinuetogetmostoftheheadlines.）2.B

解析：因為開封是歷史上的前帝都，也是絲綢之路上的一個終點站。（OutsideChina,meanwhile,fewwillevenhaveheardofKaifeng,aformerimperialcapitalthatwasonceaterminusontheSilkRoad）3.D

解析：根據(jù)麥肯錫全球研究院的報告，到2025年，這個數(shù)字預計將會增加一倍以上。（By2025,accordingtoareportbytheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,thatnumberispredictedtohavemorethandoubled.）4.C

解析：到2020年，中國計劃使60%的人口居住在城市中，比目前的56.1%有所增加。（Chinaaimstohave60%ofitspeoplelivingincitiesby2020,upfrom56.1%currently）5.C

解析：威海的人口預計比利物浦(城市地區(qū)預計人口880,000)的還要多。（orWeihai,bothcitiesbiggerthanLiverpool(estimatedpopulationofurbanarea880,000).）6.B

解析：其中一個原因是，政府正在積極鼓勵農(nóng)村居民進行城市化。（Onereasonisthatthegovernmentisactivelyencouragingruralresidentstourbanise.）3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesandbuildsentenceswiththem.1).---boasts102citiesbiggerthan1millionpeople(para.2)2).themostcosmopolitancities;itservedasahubfortraders(para.3)3).isaculturalpowerhouse;getmostoftheheadlines(para.4)4).thebest-performing;theonce-sleepycapital;(para.9)5).indroves;aslow-endmanufacturing(para.10)6).thetraditionalmanufacturinghubof(para.12)3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesinthecorrespondingparagraphandbuildsentenceswiththem.7).acookie-cutterfeeling;onecityindistinguishablefromthenext(para.16)8).rollingmountains(para.17)9)snakesinto(para.18)10)integratethethreeregions;anareatwicethesizeofSouthKorea(para.20).TextB:TheCommutingPrinciplethatShapedUrbanHistory1).Uponreadingthistitle,maybeyougetquitecurious:whatdoesthecommutingprinciplereferto?2).Ifyouarepresentedwithsuchatitle,whatwouldyouwriteintheparagraph?1.ReadtextBandthenanswerthefollowingquestions1).HowmanytheorieswereputforwardtoaccountforAmericanlowsavingrateintextBandwhatarethey?2).“DoyouknowanythingaboutAmericanexceptionalism,andcouldyoupossiblytranslateitin