Unit4AglimpseofthefutureUnderstandingideasIPre-readingLookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.Haveyouwatchedanyofthesefilms?Whatstoriesdotheytellaboutthefutureofourworld?Inthisfilm,Earthiscomingtoanendthroughdisasters,faminesanddroughts.Ateamofastronautsboardaspaceship,travellingthroughanewlydiscoveredwormholetofindanotherplanetthatmayhavetherightenvironmentforhumanstosettle.InterstellarThisfilmissetinthe22ndcentury.Earthissufferingasevereenergycrisis.ScientistshavefoundanotherplanetcalledPandora,whichisinhabitedbytheNa'vi.Itisrichinnaturalresources,yetitsatmosphereispoisonoustohumans.ToexplorePandoraandexploititsresources,scientistsuseanewtechnology,creating“avatars”operatedbygeneticallymatchedhumans.AvatarAvatarEnjoyafilmletofAvatar.Thisfilmissetintheyear2045,whentherealworldisaharshplace.ManypeopleescaperealitybyspendingtheirdaysinavirtualrealityuniversecalledOASIS,whereonecangoanywhere,doanythingorbeanyone.ReadyPlayerOneEnjoyafilmletofReadyPlayerOne.Inthisfilm,humansabandonEarthbecausethereistoomuchrubbishonit,leavingbehindsomerobotstodothecleaningup.Overtime,therobotsbreakdownonebyone,untilWALL·EistheonlyrobotleftworkingonEarth.Oneday,hemeetsanotherrobotfromspacewhichhasreturnedtoEarth.Intheend,theyfindawaytosavetheplanet.WALL·EWiththegreatprogressmadeinscienceandtechnology,

ArtificialIntelligence

hasbeendevelopedrapidly.Withthegreatprogressmadeinscienceandtechnology,

ArtificialIntelligence

hasbeendevelopedrapidly.Readthefactsandanswerthequestions.thetimelineP50MilestonesinArtificialIntelligence(AI)1955Mathematicianandlogician,AlanTuringdevised(發(fā)明)theTuringTest,atestontheabilityofmachinestoshowhuman-likeintelligence.Computerscientist,JohnMcCarthycoinedtheterm“artificialintelligence”.1950coin：創(chuàng)造（新詞語）圖靈測試（TheTuring

test）由艾倫·麥席森·圖靈提出，指測試者與被測試者（一個人和一臺機器）隔開的情況下，通過一些裝置（如鍵盤）向被測試者隨意提問。進行多次測試后，如果機器讓平均每個參與者做出超過30%的誤判，那么這臺機器就通過了測試，并被認為具有人類智能。John

McCarthy（1927年9月4日-2011年10月24日），1927年9月4日生于美國波士頓，計算機科學家與認知科學家。被稱為“人工智能之父”。MilestonesinArtificialIntelligence(AI)195519722001Mathematicianandlogician,AlanTuringdevised(發(fā)明)theTuringTest,atestontheabilityofmachinestoshowhuman-likeintelligence.Computerscientist,JohnMcCarthycoinedtheterm“artificialintelligence”.Shakey,thefirstmobilerobotabletomakedecisions,accordingtoreason,wascompleted.TheElectroluxTrilobite,thefirstroboticvacuum(清掃)cleanerdesignedforhomeuse,wentonsale.1950“Shakey”wasthefirstmobilerobotwiththeabilitytoperceiveandreasonaboutitssurroundings.

Itwasamobilerobotwithcamerasandtouchsensors,controlledbyalargeremotecomputer.

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MilestonesinArtificialIntelligence(AI)19551972200120152017Mathematicianandlogician,AlanTuringdevised(發(fā)明)theTuringTest,atestontheabilityofmachinestoshowhuman-likeintelligence.Computerscientist,JohnMcCarthycoinedtheterm“artificialintelligence”.Shakey,thefirstmobilerobotabletomakedecisions,accordingtoreason,wascompleted.TheElectroluxTrilobite,thefirstroboticvacuum(清掃)cleanerdesignedforhomeuse,wentonsale.AlphaGobecamethefirstcomputerprogramtobeatahumanprofessionalGoplayer.AlphaGoZerobeatthepreviousversionofAlphaGoby100gamestonil.1950阿爾法圍棋（AlphaGo）是第一個擊敗人類職業(yè)圍棋選手、第一個戰(zhàn)勝圍棋世界冠軍的人工智能機器人，由谷歌（Google）旗下DeepMind公司戴密斯·哈薩比斯領銜的團隊開發(fā)。其主要工作原理是“深度學習”。Readthefactsandanswerthequestions.

Fromthetimeline,wecanlearnthatAItechnologyhasdevelopedgreatly,andcannowoutperformhumansinsomeaspects.Yeah,becauseAIwillsurelydevelopsoquicklythatitwillprobablybecomeathreattohumans.2.AreyouconcernedaboutdevelopmentsinAI?Whyorwhynot?No,notconcernedatall,afterall,itisthehumansthatdeviseanddeveloptheAItechnology.AIwillbeverylikelytodevelopataevenhigherspeedthannow,anditsdevelopmentwillservepeople’sneeds.3.HowdoyouthinkAIwilldevelopinthefuture?

Lookatthetitleofthepassage.ShareyouropiniononthefutureofAI.ArtificialIntelligence:AREALTHREAT?(P51)IIFastreadingReadtheopinionsandmatchthemtothepersons.Talkabouttheopinionyouagreewith.MillenniumbutterflyPopkidPink_hazeWeallneedtolearntolivewithAItechnologywhetherwelikeitorareconcernedwithit.Wecannotstopthemarchofprogress.IadmitthatmoreadvancedAIcouldbehelpfulinsolvingtheworld’sproblems,butthereisahighlevelofriskinvolved.Ican’tunderstandwhysomepeopleworrysomuch.IhopemorebreakthroughsinAIwillbemadesoon,sothatwecanenjoymoreandmoreconvenience.IIICarefulreadingArtificialIntelligence:AREALTHREAT?InthewordsofProfessorStephenHawking,artificialintelligencewillbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”.TechnologyofTomorrowForumwantstohearyourthoughtsonAI.Isitourgreatesthumanachievementsofar?Orisitthebiggestthreattoourexistence?WhatdidStephenHawkingmeanwhenhesaidthatAIwillbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”?HemeantthatAIcouldbringusincrediblebenefits,butonlyifthetechnologyismanagedproperly.Ifwedonotmanagethetechnologyproperly,itcouldresultinhumanextinction.AnEnglishtheoreticalphysicist,cosmologistandauthor.HisbookABriefHistoryofTimeisaninternationalbestseller.Attheageof21,hewasdiagnosedwithALS,aformofMotorNeuroneDiseasethatcausesparalysisgradually.Despitethis,hecontinuedhisresearchintoblackholesandquantumgravity,conveyingittoawideaudience.ReadandAnswerPara.1ThankstoAI,I’vegotmyownsuper-smartpersonalassistantbuiltintomyphone.

ShealwayshasanimmediateanswerforanyquestionIputtoher,andevenusesmyanswerstolearnmoreaboutmypreferences.Itusedtofeellike50percentofmytimewasspentresearchingnewrestaurants.Incontrast,myPAonlyneedsafewsecondstofindtherightplace.EveryrecommendationshegivesmeisgreatsinceshecanpredictifIwilllikeaparticularrestaurant.MillenniumbutterflyItfeelslike…是固定句式，意為“感覺像……”,與Itseemsthat…意思相近。Whatcanwelearnaboutsuper-smartpersonalassistantinPara.1?ReadandAnswerPara.1ThankstoAI,I’vegotmyownsuper-smartpersonalassistantbuiltintomyphone.ShealwayshasanimmediateanswerforanyquestionIputtoher,andevenusesmyanswerstolearnmoreaboutmypreferences.Itusedtofeellike50percentofmytimewasspentresearchingnewrestaurants.Incontrast,myPAonlyneedsafewsecondstofindtherightplace.EveryrecommendationshegivesmeisgreatsinceshecanpredictifIwilllikeaparticularrestaurant.Millenniumbutterfly本句中的she

指代mysuper-smartpersonalassistant,此處運用了擬人的修辭手法。ReadandAnswerAndspeakingofhangingout,I’mhopingthatself-drivingcarsareavailablesoon.I’vebeentakingdrivinglessonsforoverayear,andstillhaven’tgotmylicence.Self-drivingcarscanlearntodriveinthesamewaythatwedo,andcanmakejudgementsbasedoninformation.Andastheywon’tbesusceptibletohumanerror,they’llcertainlybealotsafer.Theonlythingisthattheremightbeafewmachine-learningproblemswhenthefirstcarshitthemarket,soperhapsI’dbetterlearntodrivefirst.Still,IdothinkthatdevelopmentsinAIwillonthewholemakedoingday-to-daythingsaloteasier.Whydoestheauthorsay“I’dbetterlearntodrivefirst”?hangout：閑逛still是副詞，意為inspiteofwhathasjustbeensaidordone（雖然……）還是；但；不過”。onthewhole：總的看來day-to-day：adj

日常的;按日計劃的hitthemarket：投放市場；上市Para.2ReadandAnswerPara.3Thetechnologyyou’reusingandenjoyingtodayisabasicformofAIwhichcan’tthinkindependentlywithoutprogramming.Ofcourse,itcouldbeveryusefultohaveamoreadvancedformofAI—atrulyindependentformofartificialintelligence,capableofexercisingitsownjudgement,couldhelpussolvemanyoftheworld’sproblems.Buthaveyoueverthoughtabouttherisks?Afterall,whywouldanindependentformofAIneedtoconsidertheopinionsanddesiresofhumans?Wecouldbeseenasa“small”inconveniencethat’sinthewayofasolutiontoabiggerproblem.Ifwe’relucky,AImightthinkwe’revaluableenoughtokeeparound.Ifnot,itmightwipeusallout!PopkidWhatarethefunctionsof

amoreadvancedformofAI?wipeout:

摧毀;使滅絕exercise:行使，使用【熟詞生義】Paraphrase

當然，擁有一種更高級的人工智能形式將非常有用——一種真正獨立的人工智能形式，它能夠自己做判斷，可以幫助我們解決世界上的許多問題。translationReadandAnswerPara.4-5Evenifthatdoesn’thappen,thereareotherrisks.Millenniumbutterfly,yousayhowgreatitwouldbetohaveself-drivingcars,butwhataboutallthetaxidriverswhowouldlosetheirjobs?TheywouldjustbeamongthefirstvictimsofAI.Nearlyeveryjobispotentiallyatriskinthelongrun.Evenjournalistsarenowbeingreplacedwithtechnologythatcanwritebasicnewsreports.Asitis,almost50percentofUSjobsareatriskfromautomationinthenext20years.ThetruthisthatnoneofusispreparedforthechallengesofAI.1.WhataretherisksposedbyAI?inthelongrun：長遠來說victim來自拉丁語victima,祭品，獻祭的人或動物。在古代社會，很多地方都有“血祭”的宗教習俗，即將活人或動物當場殺死，作為祭品奉獻給神靈。被殺死的活人通常是戰(zhàn)爭中捕獲的俘虜。在拉丁語中，這種被作為祭品殺死的人或動物被稱為victima。ReadandAnswerPara.4-5Evenifthatdoesn’thappen,thereareotherrisks.Millenniumbutterfly,yousayhowgreatitwouldbetohaveself-drivingcars,butwhataboutallthetaxidriverswhowouldlosetheirjobs?TheywouldjustbeamongthefirstvictimsofAI.Nearlyeveryjobispotentiallyatriskinthelongrun.Evenjournalistsarenowbeingreplacedwithtechnologythatcanwritebasicnewsreports.Asitis,almost50percentofUSjobsareatriskfromautomationinthenext20years.ThetruthisthatnoneofusispreparedforthechallengesofAI.2.What’sthemeaningofatriskintheunderlinedsentence?Almost50percentofUSjobsmaybereplacedbyautomationinthenext20years.ReadandAnswerPara.6-7Machinelearningissomethingwehavecometoacceptasapartofourmodernworld.IbelievemostofthevalueofAIliesinitscapacitytoanalyseandinterpretvastamountsofdata,whichmeansitcanevensolveproblemsthataretoochallengingforhumanexperts.Butwhilesuper-intelligentAIcouldbethebiggestleapforwardinhumanhistory,ifitgoeswrongorfallsintothewronghands,itcouldalsobethemostdangerous.However,AIisnotgoingtogoaway.Wehavenochoicebuttoembraceitandregulateit.OnethingIthinkweallagreeon,though,isthatsaying“MyAIdidit!”won’tbeanyexcuseforillegalorimmoralbehaviour!Pink_hazeWhatdoesPink_hazethinkabouttowardsthevalueofAI?leapforward:rapiddevelopment快速發(fā)展

然而，盡管智能的人工智能可能是人類歷史上的最大飛躍，但如果運行出錯或落入壞人之手，它也可能是最大的危險。translationgowrong:出毛病，出故障fallintothewronghands:落入不當之人手中

ReadandAnswerPara.6-7Machinelearningissomethingwehavecometoacceptasapartofourmodernworld.IbelievemostofthevalueofAIliesinitscapacitytoanalyseandinterpretvastamountsofdata,whichmeansitcanevensolveproblemsthataretoochallengingforhumanexperts.Butwhilesuper-intelligentAIcouldbethebiggestleapforwardinhumanhistory,ifitgoeswrongorfallsintothewronghands,itcouldalsobethemostdangerous.However,AIisnotgoingtogoaway.Wehavenochoicebuttoembraceitandregulateit.OnethingIthinkweallagreeon,though,isthatsaying“MyAIdidit!”won’tbeanyexcuseforillegalorimmoralbehaviour!Pink_hazeagreeon:對……取得一致意見本句中的though意為“不過，可是，然而”，用于主句后，引出補充說明，使語氣變弱。

不過，有一點我想大家都同意，那就是“都是人工智能干的！”這種說法不應成為任何違法或不道德行為的借口。

translationⅣPost-readingOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethediagram.AIcanhelpussavetime.1______________________2_____________________________________________3________________________includingthosetoochallengingforhumanexperts.AIcanmakedrivingsafer.

AIcanmakedoingAIcansolveproblemsday-to-daythingsaloteasier.AIisarealachievement.AImightwipeouthumanbeings.4______________________5_