HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?GoreVidalClarencePageCharlesKrauthammer1/67ReinforcementTextAnalysisBackgroundWarmingupHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?2/67Questions/ActivitiesObjectivesUnit6WarmingupHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?3/67WarmingupHowmuchdoyouknowaboutthedrugproblembeforereadingtheessays?Pleaselistthenamesofsomedrugsandspeakoutitseffectsonpeople?2.Whydoyouthinkpeoplestilltakedrugsinspiteoftheworldwideanti-drugcampaigns?Whatarepeople’smotivationsofabusing(taking)drugs?Whatkindofpeopleisthelargestgroup?3.WhatdoyouknowaboutthesituationinChina?Doyouthinkthedrugproblemisserious?

Questions/Activities4/67ObjectivesTrytoincreasemoreknowledgeaboutdrugproblemsandformcorrectandhealthyattitudetowardsdrug.Learnaboutthedifferentsolutionstothedrugproblemandunderstandtheprosandconsofeachofthem.Comparetheargumentsandfindouttheirlogicalpremisesandfallacies.Learnhowtoarguecoherentlyandconvincinglybystudyingthetechniquesemployedbythewriters.Warmingup5/67BackgroundHistoryAuthorsHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?6/671.GoreVidal

prolificAmericannovelist,andessayistpoliticalactivist:Democratic-LiberalThewarondrugshasnothingatalltodowithdrugs.Itispartofanall-outwarontheAmericanpeoplebyagovernmentinterestedonlyincontrol.—GoreVidalBackgroundAuthors7/67“ProbablynoAmericanwritersinceFranklinhasderided,ridiculed,andmockedAmericansmoreskillfullyandmoreoftenthanVidal.”(GordonS.Wood,TheNewYorkTimes,December14,)GoreVidalwasoftenpointedlycontroversial:hepublishedcommentsondemocracy,homosexuality,religion,anddruglegalization.BackgroundAuthors8/672.ClarencePagecolumnistandmemberoftheeditorialboardoftheChicagoTribune1972PulitzerPrizeforaChicagoTribuneTaskForceseriesonvoterfraud1989PulitzerPrizeforCommentaryBackgroundBackgroundAuthors9/673.CharlesKrauthammera

syndicatedcolumnist:The

WashingtonPostWritersGrouppoliticalcommentatorphysicianconservative(neoconservativeinforeignpolicy)BackgroundAuthors10/67Comparethethreeauthors’backgroundsandseeifyoucanexplainwhytheydisagreewitheachother.BackgroundAuthors11/67ProhibitionintheUnitedStates(theNobleExperiment)

1840s,spearheadedbysomereligiousdenominations1881,Kansasasthefirsttooutlawalcoholicbeverages1917,alcoholbannedasmandatedinthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution1919-1933,nation-widemovement,plaguedbysmugglingandbootlegging1933,the18thAmendmentrepealedbythe21stAmendmentHistoryBackground12/67Waittillyouhearfromme--SarahConnorThissongisaboutMariaAclosefriendofmineWholostherselfindrugsShetoldmetowaitforherButguesswhat...ShenevercamebackAndI'mstillwaitingShetoldme13/67ChorusWait'tilyouhearfrommeMonday,Tuesdayitwon'tbeWednesday,ThursdaywewillseeIfonlyyoucanwaitbabyWait'tilyouhearfrommeFridayuseyourfantasySaturdayyougotovermeIfonlyyoucanwaitbaby14/67Verse1ShewascalledMariaandshereallywasafriendIrememberwhenwewerewalkinghandinhandShewastellingmethatsheunderstandsAlltheworldandeverythrillbytakinglittlepillsSoshewastryingeverythingandmore____andspeed,____and____andtriedtoscoreTragedy:shedidn'tfeelmuchbetterthanbeforeSoshegotawayherequicktofindabetterkick15/67Verse2WhenshearrivedinthecityofthestarsBlindedbythelights,aburningintheheartShebelievedtoplaywhatshecalledherpartAmemberofsocietytosatisfyherdreamsNoonepaidattentiononherskillsSoshefoundcrackisanotherwaytofillTheemptinessinsiderightnowshegotherthrillGuess,whogavehislifeaway?Shediditeveryday16/67Question:Whatarethedifferentargumentsbythethreeauthors?GoreVidal:arguedforlegalization,whichhebelievedcouldsolveallproblemsrightaway.ClarencePage:didnotagree,buthealsoopposedtheideaoffurthercriminalization,believingthataproblemcausedbymanyfactorshadtobedealtwithamultifacetedway.CharlesKrauthammer:disagreedwithlegalization,butheofferedabetterstragetywhichhecalled“deglamorization”17/67TextAnalysisEssay1Essay2Essay3StructureDetailedAnalysisStructureDetailedAnalysis

DetailedAnalysisStructureHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?18/67I.Thesis:plausibilityoflegalization(para.1)II.Reasoning(paras.2-8)A.rebuttalofthedangerofawhiffofopium(para2)B.Thefreedomtodowhatonewants(para3)C.rebuttalofthewarningrumblethatlegalizationwillleadustoenduparaceofZombie.(para4)D.aconsequenceofprohibition:makingpeoplewantitmore(para5)E.thenegativeeffectsoftheprohibition(paras.6-7)F.Theconsequencesofaslightreductioninthesupplyofmarujuana(para8)III.Conclusion:unlikelihoodoflegalization(9-10)TextAnalysisEssay1Structure

ofEssay119/67Trytofindoutthetopicsentenceineachparagraph,orevensomekeywords.20/67DetailedAnalysisofEssayOne21/671.Simplymakealldrugsavailableandsellthematcost.

Para:justsellmakeallthedrugseasytogetandsellthemwithoutprofit.

atcost:(atcostprice)e.g:Tom’suncleisacardealerandlethimbuythecaratcost.c.f:Theenemyfinallytookthecity,butataheavycost.Idon’tthinkyoushouldworksohardatthecostofyouryouth.Wewereinstructedthatman’slifebesavedatallcosts.(atanycost)atcost/atacost/atthecostof/atallcosts/atanycost

TextAnalysis:Argument1(para1-2)22/672.addict:napersonwhoisunabletostoptakingdrugs,alcohol,tobacco,etcaheroinaddict/achessaddict/aTVaddictAddictedadj通常做表語(yǔ)be/becomeaddictedtoGradually,hebecameaddictedto～.Addictiveadjcausingaddiction可做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)Addiction:conditionoftakingdrugs,etcTextAnalysis:Argument1(para1-2)23/673.kick/breakthehabit(infml)slangtostopdoingsththathasbeenahabitforalongtime,esp.abadordangeroushabitThecenterprovideshelpforaddictswhohavekickedtheirhabitandwanttostayawayfromdrugs.Alexhaskickedcigarettes,heroin,andbooze.Crack/John/hooker/buttTextAnalysis:Argument1(para1-2)24/674.Fortherecord,Ihavetriedeverydrugandlikednone,disprovingthepopulartheorythatawhiffofopiumwillenslavethemind.Fortherecord:todeclareopenlyandofficially.鄭重說(shuō)明Justfortherecord,Ididn’tvoteforhim.FortherecordI’djustliketosaythatItotallydisagreewiththisdecision.disprove/approve/approvalAwhiffof:asmallamountof;aslightsignorfeelingofsthAwhiffofonion/fear/danger/hypocisyEnslave:tobecomeslavedby,tobecontrolledbyTextAnalysis:Argument1(para1-2)25/675.Zombie:

(informal)someonewhodoesnotseemtoknoworcareabout whatishappeningaroundthemandmovesveryslowly,esp. becausetheyareveryupsetortired

“Zombie”isaprotestsong(反戰(zhàn)歌曲)bytheIrishbandTheCranberriesfromthe1994albumNoNeedtoArgue.The“Zombie”interpretedbytheSuperGirlLi-Yuchunstartedadebatewhetherthegirltrulyunderstandstheanti-warmeaninginthesong.僵尸，行尸走肉；行動(dòng)呆板人，無(wú)精打采人26/67Alongwithsb:besidesInterferewithInpusuitof:pursueEndup:finallybecomeInadvanceTextAnalysisEssay16.WordsandExpressions27/677.Forbiddingpeoplethingstheylikeorthinktheymight…allthemore.Thispsychologicalinsight,forsomemysteriousreason,alwaysdeniedourgovernors.Allthemore:evenmorethanbeforeAllthebetter,alltheharderInsight:theabilitytoperceivesthE.g:Asachild,hehasshowedakeeninsight___people’scharacter.Deny:refuseordisagreeThismeansthatourgovernorsneverseemtounderstandthis.28/678.forbid/prohibit/preventforbidsbtodosth;prohibit/preventsbfromdoingsth

.9.stampout踩滅（火）Pleasestampoutthebuttofthecigaretteincaseitwouldcausefire.消除，毀滅，鎮(zhèn)壓Thelocalgovernmenthasmadeadrivetostampoutcorruption.TextAnalysisEssay129/6710.get(sb)hookedon:beaddictedtosth依據(jù)最近一份匯報(bào)，八歲小孩子就會(huì)吸海洛因成癮。

Accordingtoarecentreport,childrenasyoungaseightyearsoldcangethookedonheroin.小伙子是很輕易喜歡上這種音樂(lè)。

Youngmencaneasilygethookedonthiskindofmusic.TextAnalysisEssay130/6711.haveavestedinterestin(doing)sth:從中取得既得利益美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以前，要廢除奴隸制極難，因?yàn)榕`主有既得利益。ItwasdifficulttoendthesystemofslaverybeforetheCivilWarbecauseslaveownershadavestedinterestinkeepingit.莫娜離開(kāi)企業(yè)對(duì)他有利。HehasavestedinterestinMona’sleavingthefirm.TextAnalysisEssay131/6712.witheraway

to

dieoutordisappeargradually因?yàn)槲?，她成為藝術(shù)家希望逐步幻滅。Asaresultofherdrugaddiction,herpromiseofbecominganartistwitheredaway.老年人埋怨，在現(xiàn)今社會(huì)，老價(jià)值觀念正在逐步消失Olderpeoplearecomplainingthattheoldvaluesarewitheringawayinthepresent

society.TextAnalysisEssay132/67QuestionstoEssay2WhatisthetoneofClarencePagewhenhementionedtheideaoflegalization?AccordingtoClarencePage,howwilldruglegalizationbenefitthesociety?Whataretheideasofdeepthinkers?WhatareSchmoke’sideas?andwhatareMiltonFriedman’sideas?WhatisWilliamBennet’srebuttal?Andhowdoestheauthorgivehisopinions?33/67WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyPage?Neitherlegalizationnorcriminalizationwillwork.Itisinfactasocialproblem.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.(paras.11-15)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments.(paras.16-18)Criminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.(paras.19-20)TextAnalysisEssay2StructureofEssay234/67Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.

1.commonwisdom:remove_____________pumpedintotheunder-worldreduce____________attractiontakeaway____________taxthesaleandusemoneyto____________________2.“deepthinkers”KurtSchmoke:_______________________________________MiltonFriedman:_______________________immenseprofitsforbidden-fruitcriminalstigmabuildmoretreatmentcentersProhibitionofdrugsisbailingouttheoceanwithateaspoon.Prohibitionmakesmattersworse.

TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:FillintheBlanks35/67Para.11:Unfortunately,legalizationsoundstoogoodtobetrue.Para.12:Itsoundsgoodbecauseitissimple…Para.13:Deepthinkers…Para.15:Hewas

notaloneinhissentiments.Para.16:Thesimplicity…Unfortunately,thesimple

beauty…h(huán)asanuglygapinghole.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:Transition36/671.Satire/Irony:

Ifyoucan’twinthegame,changetherules.…deliciouslyconvenient…Deepthinkers…2.Understatement:…soundstoogoodtobetrueandprobablyis.Quotationfromauthority:

para.15TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WritingTechniques37/671.pump…into…

toputalargeamountofsthinto,usu.atahighrate;pumpsthintosb強(qiáng)行向…灌輸;投入資金（1）一位好老師絕不能在課堂上向?qū)W生灌輸大量知識(shí)。

Agoodteachershouldnotpumpabundantofideasintostudents.（2）很多學(xué)生在考試前極力灌輸一些知識(shí)在腦海里。Manystudents

triedtopumpsomefactsintotheirmindsbeforetheexamination.（3）那個(gè)商人將全部錢(qián)都投入到了那個(gè)大工程。TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)38/672.bailouttoremovewater;（從…中）往外舀水

bailoutsth:

跳傘，擺脫，逃避

bailsbout(of)sth:tohelpsboutoftroubleWecan’texpectthegovernmenttobailoutallthefailingcompanies.bealonein(doing)sth不是只有我一個(gè)人這么認(rèn)為。

Iamnotaloneinthinkingso.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)39/67forty-fold:fold后綴“乘以，或者…倍”manifold2.rebuttal:thenounformofrebut,orrefute;theactionofcontradicting.反駁

Atoplawyerisabletoproveandgiverebuttalinthelawsuit.v:rebutsimilarwords:refute,contradictTextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:WordsandExpressions40/673.Repeal:n&Vanofficialorlegalcancellation廢除，撤退，撤消等Cf:repeal/abolish/cancelDuetotherainydays,wehaveto_____thefootballgame.Afterthecivilwar,Americangovernment_____thesystemofslavery.TheCongressisdiscussingwhetherto_____thislaw.41/67Repeal為書(shū)面用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)撤消立法機(jī)關(guān)所經(jīng)過(guò)協(xié)議、法案、法律等Abolish正式用語(yǔ)，指經(jīng)過(guò)法律或暴力徹底廢除制度等。

cancel使用范圍最為廣泛，多用來(lái)取消會(huì)議、計(jì)劃比賽等Analogy:makeananalogy;drawananalogy42/674.misstheboat:failtogetthekeytotheproblem5.symptom:sthshowingthatyouarenothealthy;asignthatalargerproblemexistsThesymptomofthechildren’sHFMDistheappearanceofherpsandlowfever.6.Segment:部分，區(qū)間，階層等

7.impoverished:verypoor;poorinqualityimpoverishedfamily/areas/landimpoverish/impoverishment

43/67Criminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.

Thenwhatistheansweraccordingtotheauthor?Thequickfixisillusorybecause…Theslowfixisillusorybecause…TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:Discussion44/67QuestionsforDiscussionAccordingtotheauthor,whatistheultimatecauseofthedrugproblem?Doyouagree?Doestheauthorproposeapossiblesolutiontothedrugproblem?Whatsolutionscanyoupropose?TextAnalysisEssay245/67Questionsforessay3:WhatisCharlesKrauthammer’sattitudestowardslegalizationofdrugs?Whatdidtheauthormakeananalogywithinordertosaythatdrugsshouldbedeglamorized?Whatarehisideaofthedrugproblemandwhatarehissuggestedsolutions?46/67WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyKrauthammer?

Deglamorization.Drugproblemcanonlybesolvedculturally.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Islegalizationagoodsolution?(paras.21-26)Whatshouldwedo?(paras.27-31)Conclusion:foursolutions.(para.32)TextAnalysisEssay3StructureofEssay347/67Islegalizationagoodsolution?1.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslegalizationonthefollowingissues?druglawenforcementcomparison:illegaldrugsvs.alcoholrelationshipbetweenlegalizationanddruguse2.Islegalizationagoodsolution?√TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:Discussion48/671.enforcement:enforce2.smuggle/smuggler3.toboot:inaddition;too;furthermoreItwasalongfilmandanuninterestingonetoboot.Heisdishonest,andacowardtoboot.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:WordsandExpressions49/673.minimize:toreducesthtothelowestlevel

minimum(min);minimal

maximize/maximum:toincreasesthtothelargestlevel4.catastrophic:adjcausingdestructionorseriousdamage;extremelyharmfulcatastrophicresults/war/nuclearweaponssimilarwords:disastrous/ruinous/devastating

50/675.outweigh:vtobecomeimportantorgreaterthansthOnthewhole,hisaccomplishmentsoutweighhisfaults.6.permanent:adjlastingorexistingforalongtimepermanentjob;permanentstaff

同義詞：everlasting;反義詞：impermanent,temporary51/677.dwarf:vtomakesthseemsmallorunimportant;nverysmallpersonsShakespearedwarfsotherdramatists.8.undercut:tosellgoodsatalowerpricethanone’scompetitors;tomakesthweakerorlesseffectiveOnlinebookstorescanundercutretailersby40%.undercutone’sauthority.52/67Whatshouldwedo?1.Whydoestheauthormentionsmoking?changedimageofsmokers?measurestaken?2.Weshoulddothesametodrugs…attitudetowardsthe“JustSayNotoDrugs”campaign?Whatdoeshemeanby“crackingdownhardonusers”?TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:Discussion53/67relentless:adj(1)notstoppingorgettinglessstrong(2)refusingtogiveuporbelessstrictorsevere

盡管出生于一個(gè)貧窮家庭，不過(guò)他永無(wú)止境地勤奮學(xué)習(xí)。

Bornintoanimpoverishedfamily,hekeptarelentlessdeligenceinhisstudy.相關(guān)詞匯：

relent(v)減弱，變溫和近義詞：persistent;unrelentingTextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:WordsandExpressions(1)54/672.

deglamorize:vtomakesthlessattractivethanitseemsWord-building:de+glamorizeMoreexamples:decrease,degrade,degenerationDeglamorizescigarettes/computergames/qqchatGlamorizeVtomakesthattractiveCharming/attractive55/673.segregate:(1)toisolatesthfromanother;(2)toseparatepeopleofdifferentraces,sexesorreligiousfromothers;be～from翻譯：應(yīng)該把吸煙和非吸煙區(qū)隔開(kāi)。按照法律，黑人被實(shí)施種族隔離Extendedvocabulary:Segregatedadj/SegregationnOppositeword:integrateCf:segregate&separate56/674.goafter:(1)seekafter尋求（2）tohuntorsearchTheyarebothgoingafterthisjob.Thepolicewentafterthemurderer.5.reverse:(v)tochangesthcompletely;tochangeadecision,lawtotheopposite;tomakethevehiclegobackwards;(adj)oppositetosthmentionedrelatedwords:reversal;reversible可逆轉(zhuǎn)，可翻轉(zhuǎn)，可兩面穿

phrases：asharpreversal/thereversesideofthecoin/reversiblesituation/reversiblecoat57/676.crackdown(hard)on:盡力取締，嚴(yán)厲打擊

tobestrictinmakingagroupofpeopleobeyrulesorlaws嚴(yán)厲打擊，鎮(zhèn)壓他們正在嚴(yán)厲查處酒后駕車。

Theyarecrackingdownhardondrunkdriving.政府承諾嚴(yán)厲懲治官員受賄行為。

Thegovernmentpromisedtocrackdownhardontheofficial’sbribery.58/677goaround(1)tobesharedamongagrouportodoallthethingsneeded

Eventually,wewillnothaveenoughwatertogoaround.Arethereenoughbookstogoaroundthewholeclass?(2)gohereandthere;tr