2022-2023學(xué)年河南省鄭州市第二十六中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.

Mr.Brownworksin

middleschool.Itis

schoolbuiltinthe16thcentury.

A.a；a B.a；the C.the；a D.the；the參考答案：A2.Isitawonderthat

littlecellscanstore

muchenergy?

A.so;so

B.so;such

C.such;such

D.such;so參考答案：D3.Henrywasawayfromhomeforquietabitand_____sawhisfamily.A.frequently

B.seldom

C.always

D.usually

參考答案：B4.We’dbetter_____somesportsbecausesportscangiveusaperfectbuildandprotectusfromgettingillnesseasily.A.makeup

B.takeup

C.pickup

D.buildup參考答案：B5.Yourasastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.A.operation B.growth C.performance D.character參考答案：C句意:作為學(xué)生,如果你養(yǎng)成這樣的習(xí)慣——對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法進(jìn)行反思,你的表現(xiàn)將非常出色。performance"表現(xiàn)";operation"手術(shù),操作";growth"成長(zhǎng)";character"個(gè)性"。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。6.Thehighstandardofthenation’sliteratureandart_____widespreadattention.A.wasattracted

B.haveattracted

C.hasattracted

D.hasbeenattracted參考答案：C7.Manypeoplebelievethatweareheadingfortheenvironmentaldisaster

wechangethewaywelive．

A．though

Bif

Cunless

D．but參考答案：C8.---Whycan'tIusethegyminthehotel?---

,butyourroompricedoesn'tcoverit.A.Nooffence

B.NoworriesC.Nodoubt

D.Noneed參考答案：A考查情景對(duì)話。句意：---為什么我不能在旅店使用健身房呢？---并無(wú)惡意，但是您的房間價(jià)格不包括在內(nèi)。Nooffence并無(wú)惡意，請(qǐng)勿見怪；Noworries別客氣；Nodoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；Noneed用不著。根據(jù)題意，故選A。9.Thelackofeco-friendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajor______ofglobalclimatechange.A.result

B.cause

C.warning

D.reflection參考答案：B考查名詞辨析。句意為“公眾缺乏對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境友好的習(xí)慣被認(rèn)為是全球氣候變化的主要原因。”result結(jié)果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause與globalclimatechange存在著因果關(guān)系，故選B項(xiàng)。10.Manylifeexperiencesmakemerealizethatitishardworkanddeterminationaswellasthegoodnature______makeapersonwhatheis.A.when

B.which

C.how

D.that參考答案：D11."Chinesedama",agroupmainly_______ofmarriedwomenbetween40and60,_______theattentionofthepublicforthefirsttimein2013.A.consisted;grabbing B.consisting;grabbingC.consisting;grabbed D.consisted;grabbed參考答案：C【分析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和時(shí)態(tài)?！驹斀狻烤湟猓?中國(guó)大媽"，一群主要由已婚的年齡在40到60歲之間的婦女組成，在2013年第一次吸引了公眾的注意力。第一空：agroup與consist之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾agroup，表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)要使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，故排除A、D項(xiàng)；第二空：句中缺少謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2013，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，排除B項(xiàng)，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，弄清楚現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)，然后根據(jù)題意及上下文選擇最合適的答案．比如題中第一空：agroup與consist之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾agroup，表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)要使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。

12.___willtheambulancecome.TakeiteasyandyourmomwillbeOK.A.Atonce

B.Innotime

C.Rightnow

D.Theinstant參考答案：B13.—Howdoyoulikethefootballmatch?—Wonderful,Ibelieve.Justasfineas________ofthematcheswe’veeverseen.A.oneB.anotherC.someD.any參考答案：D解析：“不亞于我們看過(guò)的任何一場(chǎng)比賽?！?4.Themissingchildrenhaven’tbeenfoundyet.Somethingterrible________tothem.A.mayhappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.musthappenD.mighthavehappened參考答案：D15.Muchworkisneededtoensurethatby2020thepercentageofstudentswho________schoolduringthenine-yearcompulsoryeducationperiodisreducedtolessthan5percent.A.signupfor

B.dropoutof

C.holdonto

D.fallbackon參考答案：B16.—Mysonisaddictedtocomputergames.Heishopeless,isn'the?—Yes,_____heisdeterminedtogiveupandstartallover.A.if B.when C.evenif D.unless參考答案：D17.ThisfamousarticlewrittenbyHenryiswellworth

,butIthinkitisnotworthy

atall.A.reading;tobetranslated

B.reading;translatingC.beingread;tobetranslated

D.toberead;ofbeingtranslated參考答案：A略二、新的題型18.HaveyoueverwonderedhowthetrainersatSeaWorldgetthe19,000-poundwhaletojump22feetoutofwaterandperformtricks?Theygetthatwhaletogooveraropefartheroutofthewaterthanmostofuscanimagine.___36___.SohowdothetrainersatSeaWorlddoit?Thefirstthingtheydoisreinforce(強(qiáng)化)thebehaviorthattheywantrepeated---inthiscase,togetthewhaletogoovertherope.___37___,inapositionwherethewhalecan’thelpbutdowhat’sexpectedofit.Everytimethewhalegoesovertherope,it’sgivenpositivereinforcementandgetsfedwithfish.Butwhathappenedwhenthewhalegoesundertherope?Nothing—nocriticism,nowarningandnofeedback.___38___.Positivereinforcementisthekeyofthatsimpleprinciplethatproducessuchsplendidresults.Andasthewhalebeginstogoovertheropemoreoftenthanunder,thetrainersbegintoraisetherope.Itmustberaisedslowlyenoughsothatthewhaledoesn’tstarve.___39___.Makeabigdealoutofthegoodandlittlestuffthatwewantconsistently.Secondly,under-criticize.Peopleknowtheyneedhelpwhentheymessup.___40___,peoplewillnotforgettheeventandusuallywillnotrepeatit.Soweneedtosetupthecircumstancessothatpeoplecan’tfail.Over-celebrate,under-criticize…andknowhowfartoraisetherope.A.ThisisagreatchallengeB.AndthewhalestaysrightwhereitisC.IfwefigureoutawaytomotivatethewhaleD.TheystartwiththeropebelowthesurfaceofthewaterE.Ifweunder-criticize,punishanddisciplinelessthanexpectedF.Whalesaretaughtthattheirnegativebehaviorwon’tbeacknowledgedG.Thesimplelessontobelearnedfromthewhaletrainersistoover-celebrate參考答案：36.A

37.D

38.F

39.G

40.E【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，用訓(xùn)練員訓(xùn)練鯨魚的例子告訴我們要營(yíng)造一個(gè)好的環(huán)境，讓人們可能少地面對(duì)失敗，就如，大加贊賞、不作批評(píng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本空前的“HaveyoueverwonderedhowthetrainersatSeaWorldgetthe19,000-poundwhaletojump22feetoutofwaterandperformtricks?”可知，你想過(guò)海洋世界的訓(xùn)練員是如何讓一頭重達(dá)19,000磅的鯨魚跳出水面22英尺和表演特技的么？此處承接上文，說(shuō)的是這并不是簡(jiǎn)單的事情，故A項(xiàng)（這是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)）符合語(yǔ)境?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本空前的“Thefirstthingtheydoisreinforcethebehaviorthattheywantrepeated---inthiscase,togetthewhaletogoovertherope.”可知，他們做的第一件事就是強(qiáng)化他們想要重復(fù)的行為——在這種情況下，讓鯨魚越過(guò)繩索，此處承接上文，講的還是關(guān)于繩索的話題，故D項(xiàng)（他們從水面以下的繩索開始）符合語(yǔ)境?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本空前的“Butwhathappenedwhenthewhalegoesundertherope?Nothing—nocriticism,nowarningandnofeedback.”可知，鯨魚鉆到繩索下面會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？沒(méi)有批評(píng)，沒(méi)有警告，也沒(méi)有反饋，此處解釋沒(méi)有批評(píng)，沒(méi)有警告，也沒(méi)有反饋的原因，故F項(xiàng)（因?yàn)槲覀儾豢赡芙虝?huì)鯨魚承認(rèn)它們的錯(cuò)誤）符合語(yǔ)境?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本空后的“Makeabigdealoutofthegoodandlittlestuffthatwewantconsistently.”可知，讓它們多點(diǎn)成功，偶爾有點(diǎn)小失敗，故G項(xiàng)（從鯨魚訓(xùn)練員那里學(xué)會(huì)的最簡(jiǎn)單的道理就是大加贊賞）符合語(yǔ)境?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本空后的“peoplewillnotforgettheeventandusuallywillnotrepeatit”可知，人們通常不會(huì)忘記這件事，通常也不會(huì)再犯相同的錯(cuò)誤，故E項(xiàng)（如果我們沒(méi)有過(guò)多給予他們預(yù)期的批評(píng)、懲罰和職責(zé)時(shí)）符合語(yǔ)境?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇七選五的難度在于語(yǔ)言不能按字面意思理解，本文以訓(xùn)練員訓(xùn)練鯨魚為例告訴我們要營(yíng)造一個(gè)好的環(huán)境——大加贊賞、不作批評(píng)，讓人們可能少地面對(duì)失敗。本篇第4題難度最大，關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)“Makeabigdealoutofthegoodandlittlestuffthatwewantconsistently.”這句話的理解，這句話的字面意思是對(duì)我們希望不斷出現(xiàn)的小事要打架吹捧，而在這里應(yīng)該理解為讓它們多點(diǎn)成功，偶爾有點(diǎn)小失敗，強(qiáng)調(diào)贊賞的作用，所以此處是說(shuō)從鯨魚訓(xùn)練員那里學(xué)會(huì)的最簡(jiǎn)單的道理就是大加贊賞。三、閱讀理解19.Wouldn’titbewonderfultotraveltoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat,withinadecadeorso,we’llbeabletocommunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Indeed,someparentsaresoconvincedthatthistechnologyisimminentthatthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.It’struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintocomputerswillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“It’snotgoodtosleeptoomuch.”Replacingawordwithitsequivalent(同義詞）inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator’sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforcomputers.It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t—involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression:volume,gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.Therefore,weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoacomputer,undoubtedlywhenitcomestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.51.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imminent”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Ready.

B.Approaching.C.Helpful.

D.Advanced.52.Whyisithardforcomputerstoreplaceawordwithitsequivalent?A.Theirdataisnotadequateenough.B.Therealmeaningofwordscanvary.C.Theiraccuracyneedsbigimprovement.D.Asoulhasn’tbeenbreathedinthem.53.Whatviewdoestheauthorholdabouttranslation?A.Propertranslationcanbetoughforhumans.B.Slightdistinctionsmatterlittleintranslation.C.Somemachineswillinterpretourworldproperly.D.Culturesdeservemoreattentionthanwordsused.54.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnExpert’sPrecisePrediction

B.TheComplexityofTranslationC.WhoWillBeaBetterTranslator

D.WillLanguageBarrierActuallyFall55.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothemoderntechnology?A.Unclear

B.ObjectiveC.Optimistic

D.Negative參考答案：51.B

52.B

53.A

54.D

55.D本文是一篇科教類閱讀，屬于議論文，不用擔(dān)心以不同的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行溝通的頭痛，去外國(guó)旅行是不是很美妙？本文以此展開談?wù)摚饕v述了通過(guò)現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)，語(yǔ)言障礙能不能變小甚至消失．51.B．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，Indeed，someparentsaresoconvincedthatthistechnologyis

imminent

thatthey'rewonder