六、并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句1/56一、并列句1.并列連詞(1)并列連詞按照在句中作用可分為:表并列關(guān)系連詞(and,aswellas,both...and...,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...等)、表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系連詞(but,yet,while等)、表選擇關(guān)系連詞(or,either...or...等)、表因果關(guān)系連詞(for,so等)。2/56*(·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftstofriendsorhangthemintheirhouses.3/56(2)when和while可作并列連詞。when表示“在那時(shí),此時(shí)突然”;while表示“然而,而”,表對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。并列連詞when慣用于以下句型中:①...was/weredoing...when...(……正在做……突然……)②...was/wereabouttodo...when...(……剛要做……突然……)4/56③...was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...(……剛要做……突然……)④...hadjustdone...when...(……剛/一……就……)*Thechildrenwererunningtomovethebagofricewhentheyheardthesoundofamotorbike.5/562.祈使句+and/or/otherwise句式(1)祈使句+and+陳說(shuō)句=if...,+主句。*Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,andyou’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.=Ifyoufindwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,you’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.6/56(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陳說(shuō)句=if...not...,+主句。*Hurryuporwewillbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,wewillbelate.7/56【典例剖析】用適當(dāng)連詞填空(·四川高考)Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,__________itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.解題關(guān)鍵:此處兩個(gè)分句之間為并列關(guān)系,故使用連詞and。答案判定:and8/56【高考題組】改錯(cuò)/用適當(dāng)連詞填空1.(·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.(改錯(cuò))___________2.(·四川高考)Momhasafull-timejob,soshehastodomostofthehousework.(改錯(cuò))_________but改為andso改為but9/563.(·四川高考)Infact,Idon’tliketogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.(改錯(cuò))_________4.(·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.(改錯(cuò))__________so改為butor改為and10/565.(·天津高考)Givemeachance,orI’llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.(改錯(cuò))__________6.(·四川高考)Westhasn’ttestedhisideaonlargerblocks,___hethinksrollinghasclearadvantagesoversliding.or改為andbut11/567.(·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,____someofthemlookedveryanxious.and12/56二、狀語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)1讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1.though/although:在句子中普通用了“即使(though/although)”就不能再用“不過(guò)(but)”,但能夠與yet或still連用;though與although意義相同,使用方法基本一樣,前者通俗,口語(yǔ)化,后者正式,多放在主句前面。13/56*FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepalthoughIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.

14/562.evenif和eventhough意思為“即使,縱使”,有退一步構(gòu)想意味,多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。*Eveniftheconnectionswerevisible,theywouldremainbeyondtheunderstandingofmostpeople.15/563.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ),從句常放在句首,語(yǔ)序部分倒裝。被倒裝部分能夠是表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形。若表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,則該名詞提前時(shí),省去其前冠詞。*Tiredastheywere,theywalkedonwithoutanyrest.16/564.nomatter(who,what,when,where,which,how...):nomatter...與wh-ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本一樣,nomatter...引導(dǎo)從句可位于主句前或主句后。*Nomatterhowdryadesertmaybe,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.17/565.wh-ever(whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/whichever);however。①wh-ever從句中動(dòng)詞有時(shí)能夠和may連用;②wh-ever可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,nomatter...只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。*Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwhoeverwearetoshakehandswith.18/566.while也能夠引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“盡管”,普通放在句首。*Whilevolleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogoodatbasketball.19/56【典例剖析】單句改錯(cuò)(·浙江高考)IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.解題關(guān)鍵:從句意思是“當(dāng)我在那間教室學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)我只是一個(gè)孩子”,而主句意思是“我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記”,主從句關(guān)系應(yīng)該是讓步,而不是條件。答案判定:If改為Although或者Though20/56考點(diǎn)2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1.when指是“某一詳細(xì)時(shí)間”,從句中謂語(yǔ)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。*Whenwehandedhimthebagoffood,helitupandthankeduswithwateryeyes.2.whenever指是“在任何一個(gè)不詳細(xì)時(shí)間”。*Youcanaskforhelpwheneveryouneedit.21/563.while指“在某一段時(shí)間里”,“在……期間”,while引導(dǎo)動(dòng)作必須是連續(xù)性。*WhilehewaswatchingNirvanainFire,hisdeskmatelearnedallthenewwordsbyheart.4.as(一邊……一邊)引導(dǎo)連續(xù)性動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。*Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.22/565.before意為“在……之前,在……之后才,不等……就”。*Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellbeforethedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.6.after意為“在……之后”。*Severalyearsafterthey’dsplituptheymetagainbychanceinBeijing.23/567.till/until:假如主句動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,慣用必定式,表示“直到……為止”;假如主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間性動(dòng)詞,要用否定式,表示“直到……才”“在……以前不”,從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào),普通用until。*Ienjoyedthelongsummereveningsuntilschoolbeganinthefall.24/568.since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用普通過(guò)去時(shí),謂語(yǔ)通常是短暫性動(dòng)詞,主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。*IhavebeenteachingheresinceIleftcollege.25/569.assoonas/hardly...when/nosooner...than/themoment/theinstant/thesecond/immediately/directly/instantly:hardly...when和nosooner...than意義相當(dāng)于assoonas,但只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事情,主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句為過(guò)去時(shí),如hardly或nosooner位于句首時(shí)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng),而且主句謂語(yǔ)要用部分倒裝。*Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwe’llofferyoualargeroneassoonasitbecomesavailable.26/5610.everytime/eachtime/lasttime/nexttime/bythetime:在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,不能用普通未來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí),而要用普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)或普通過(guò)去時(shí)代替未來(lái)時(shí)。*Nexttimeyoucomehere,Iwilltellyou.27/56【點(diǎn)津】時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句3個(gè)重點(diǎn)句型(1)Itwillbe...before...過(guò)多久才……*Itwillbelongbeforetheycomeback.他們很久才能回來(lái)。(2)Itwon’tbe...before...很快就……*Johnthinksitwon’tbelongbeforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.(3)Itis/hasbeen...since...自從……以來(lái)……時(shí)間28/56注意:since引導(dǎo)從句假如用瞬間性動(dòng)詞,表示時(shí)間是從謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始算起;假如用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示時(shí)間是從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束算起。*Ithasbeenadecadesincehejoinedtheclub.他加入這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部已10年了。(從加入俱樂(lè)部后算起)*ItistwoyearsandahalfsincehewasanambassadortoFrance.他不擔(dān)任駐法大使已兩年半了。(從不再擔(dān)任駐法大使算起)29/56【典例剖析】單句改錯(cuò)(·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.30/56解題關(guān)鍵:during是介詞,不能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,when是連詞,能夠引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,從句中動(dòng)詞既能夠是短暫性動(dòng)詞也能夠是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。此處需要表示時(shí)間連詞,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞,所以用when。答案判定:during改為when31/56【高考題組】用適當(dāng)連詞填空1.(·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Overtime,__thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.2.(·浙江高考)_____________________onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.

asWhile/Though/Although32/563.(·四川高考)______itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.4.(·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)___moreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.5.(·浙江高考)______Iwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.WhenAsWhen33/566.(·遼寧高考)Stareathim_____hegetsawareofitandquietsdown.7.(·上海高考)Theypromisedtodevelopasoftwarepackagebytheendofthisyear,________difficultytheymighthave.untilwhatever34/56考點(diǎn)3地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句1.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句?？疾?(1)where與wherever意義基本相同,但后者語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。*Today,wewillbeginwherewestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.(2)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)常兼有抽象條件意味。*Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.

35/56【點(diǎn)津】where引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句直接修飾主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而在定語(yǔ)從句中where作為關(guān)系副詞要跟在表示地點(diǎn)先行詞后面,即此時(shí)有顯著地點(diǎn)名詞。36/56*Whensolvingtheproblemasecondtime,you’dbetterbemorecarefulwhereyoumadeamistake.=Whensolvingtheproblemasecondtime,you’dbetterbemorecarefulintheplacewhereyoumadeamistake.

37/562.條件狀語(yǔ)從句慣用引導(dǎo)詞:if/unless/aslongas/solongas/incase/sofaras/asfaras。(1)unless從句謂語(yǔ)只能用必定式;unless和if...not同義,unless是書(shū)面語(yǔ),if...not是口語(yǔ),二者通常能夠換用。*Thelittleboywon’tgotosleepunlesshismothertellshimastory.38/56(2)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)普通要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替普通未來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)。*Solongasyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.39/56【典例剖析】用適當(dāng)連詞填空(·重慶高考)Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn’tgetataxi__________thebushaddroppedher.解題關(guān)鍵:把握所填空前后關(guān)系,從couldn’tgetataxi與thebushaddroppedher邏輯關(guān)系上看應(yīng)表示地點(diǎn)。答案判定:where40/56【高考題組】用適當(dāng)連詞填空1.(·遼寧高考)__youdon’tmind,I’llstopandtakeadeepbreath.2.(·湖南高考)Youwillnevergainsuccess______youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.3.(·上海高考)Icannotheartheprofessorclearlyasthereistoomuchnoise______Iamsitting.

Ifunlesswhere41/56考點(diǎn)4其它狀語(yǔ)從句1.目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)從句(1)sothat/inorderthat引導(dǎo)目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could等。*Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhardinorderthattherestofuscanliveasafelife.42/56(2)forfearthat(唯恐,以防)與incase所引導(dǎo)目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也用should/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形。*Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetreeforfearthathisfathermightseehim.*Takeyourumbrellaincaseitshouldrain.43/56【點(diǎn)津】incase當(dāng)“萬(wàn)一,假如”講時(shí),引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。*Incaseheleaves,pleaseinformme.44/56(3)目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)從句能夠用soasto,inorderto等代替,但主句和從句主語(yǔ)必須一致。*Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.=Hegotupearlysoasto/inordertocatchtheearlybus.

45/562.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(1)sothat前有逗號(hào),引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。*Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.(2)so...that中so后面跟形容詞或副詞。*Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.46/56(3)such...that中such后面跟名詞,假如名詞是單數(shù)就要用sucha/an...that,還能夠轉(zhuǎn)換為so+adj.+a/an+n.+...that,語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。*Jackissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Jackissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.47/563.原因狀語(yǔ)從句(1)because用往返答why提問(wèn),語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng),普通放在主句之后。*TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchairbecausehewantedtositnexttohiswife.(2)since表示既然或已知理由,稍加分析即可表明原因,多放在句首。*Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.48/56(3)as引導(dǎo)從句常放在句首,說(shuō)明次要原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,慣用于口語(yǔ)中(注意比較:for連接是并列句)。*Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthedictionary.49/56【知識(shí)拓展】consideringthat,seeingthat,nowthat和since意義相同,都有“鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí)”意思,that能夠省去。*Hefinishedhistaskverywell,considering(that)itwasquitedifferent.鑒于這項(xiàng)任務(wù)相當(dāng)特殊,他完成得很不錯(cuò)。50/564.方式狀語(yǔ)從句(1)as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“按照”。*Doasyouaretoldto.(2)asif或asthough意義和使用方法基本一樣;從句中能夠用陳說(shuō)語(yǔ)氣表示極可能符合事實(shí),也能夠用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與事實(shí)相反。*Jackwasn’tsayinganythingbutthe