語音語調知識1可編輯課件PPT語音語調知識發(fā)音器官音標音節(jié)單詞重音規(guī)則句子重音6.音變6.1元音的清晰度6.2音長6.3失去爆破/不完全爆破6.4連讀6.5同化6.6元音省略和弱化7.詞尾讀音8.連讀9.意群和停頓10.語調2可編輯課件PPT影響英語發(fā)的主要器官：唇、齒、舌、腭、鼻腔、聲帶1.發(fā)音器官

3可編輯課件PPT2.音標--元音單元音舌位前/i://i//e//?/后/?://?//?/中/ɑ://?://?//u://u/雙元音合口/ai//ei//?i//au//?u/集中/i?//??//u?/Kingsoft體Jones體/i://?//e//?//?://?//?//ɑ://?://?//u://?//a?//e?//??//a?//??//??//e?//??/4可編輯課件PPT輔音發(fā)音方式輔音音標數(shù)量舌邊音l1半元音wj2鼻輔音mn?3爆破音pbtdkɡ6摩擦音szfvθe??rh10破擦音????trdr65可編輯課件PPT輔音清ptkfsθ???tr濁bdgvze???dr清濁成對有10雙清輔音：h濁輔音:r

lwjmn?聲帶振動6可編輯課件PPTListeningExercise–Soundsforinformation

1.

Thespeakerwantstohavealookatthe_______. A.cart B.card 2. Whatwasthegirldoing? A.Sopping. B.Sobbing. 3. Themanmustbefondof________. A.writing B.riding 4.

Whatdidthemando? A.Hehitthedog. B.Hehidthedog. 5.

Theboyswere_________. A.praying B.playing 6.

Whataretheygoingtodo? A.Tryit. B.Dryit.7可編輯課件PPTSoundsinperceptionandproduction1. a.Whatdoes"faith"mean? Belief. b.Whatdoes"face"mean? Surface.2. a.Howdoyouspell"math"? MATH. b.Howdoyouspell"mass"? MASS.3. a.HowdoyoulikeRod'splace? I'veneverbeentohisplace. b.HowdoyoulikeRod'splays? Mostofthemareverygood.4. a.Didanyoneexplaintheloss? Yes.Itwasaterribleloss. b.Didanyoneexplainthelaws? Yes.Itwasquitecomplicated.5. a.Where'stheotherhalf? It'sinthedesk. b.Where'stheotherhearth? Lookforthefireplace.8可編輯課件PPTListeningExercise–

Sounddiscrimination1. thin thing2. win wing3. ton tongue4. sane same5. she see6. yoke joke7. finthin8. yet jet9. west vest10. worse verse11. true chew12. twice trice13.leaf reef14. blight bright15. flesh fresh9可編輯課件PPT3.音節(jié)1、音節(jié)一般是以元音來劃分的，一個元音就是一個音節(jié)一個音節(jié)：eye,friend二個音節(jié)：our,blackboard2、一些輔音因發(fā)音響亮（成音節(jié)輔音），也可自成音節(jié)

成音節(jié)輔音：/l,m,n/

bottle,people,cotton,bottom

10可編輯課件PPT3.1音節(jié)的類型--11、開音節(jié)：以元音字母結尾的音節(jié)

hi,he

relation,secret，notion2、相對開音節(jié):以輔音字母和一個不發(fā)音的-e結尾的音節(jié)name,scene,amusement3、閉音節(jié):以輔音字母結尾的音節(jié)

map,bag,dull

victory,umbrella,instruction11可編輯課件PPT音節(jié)的類型--24、元音字母組合音節(jié)wait,play,beneath,believe,

snowy,surround,certainly5、-r(-re)音節(jié)

various,serious,fire,ourduring

/’v??ri?s//’si?ri?s//’fai?//’au?//dju:?ri?/6、成音節(jié)輔音音節(jié):

bottle,bottom,button12可編輯課件PPT3.2音節(jié)的劃分--1在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔音字母（輔音字母組合和r除外），一般一個屬于前一音節(jié)，一個屬后面音節(jié)。例：let-ter,Eng-lish,ap-ple。2.在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔音字母時，一般這個輔音字母屬后一音節(jié)，例：stu-dent,lo-tus。3.在兩個音節(jié)相鄰處有兩個r時，一個屬前一音節(jié)，一個屬后一音節(jié)，前面的元音節(jié)按閉音節(jié)讀音，例：sor-ry,mar-ry,mir-ror,bor-row13可編輯課件PPT音節(jié)的劃分--24.相鄰音節(jié)是元音字母+r+其它輔音字母時，元音字母+r屬于前面的重讀音節(jié)，例：fur-ther,cir-cle5.相鄰的音節(jié)是元音字母+r+其它元音字母時，r屬于前面的重讀音節(jié)，按re音節(jié)的規(guī)則讀音，例：dur-ing,ser-ious。6.有字母組合的單詞劃分音節(jié)時，一定要將字母組合劃在一個音節(jié)內(nèi)，例：neigh-bour,plea-sure14可編輯課件PPT給下列雙音節(jié)詞劃分音節(jié)，并標出重讀音節(jié)localfreedommusicfinishcultureablehonournationdiscussbirthdayblackboardarrivebesidecompareconnectenlargeemployexpenseinformmistakepreparerepeatdependperfect(v.)import(v.)present(v.)object(v.)protest(n.)herselfmachine單詞的重讀規(guī)則15可編輯課件PPT4.音節(jié)的重讀規(guī)則--1一、單音節(jié)：重讀二、雙音節(jié)詞1、大多數(shù)詞的重音在第一音節(jié)上；2、重音在第二個音節(jié)上的規(guī)律：

1）單詞有前綴:alike,mistake2)與名詞或形容詞同形的動詞

increase,perfect,object,record3)反身代詞

4）少數(shù)來自法語的詞匯：machine,police,hotel16可編輯課件PPT音節(jié)的重讀規(guī)則--2三、多音節(jié)詞1、重音一般在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)remember,establish,important2、有前綴的，重音在詞根上，即在前綴后的音節(jié)determine,encourage,invisible,inadequate,3、帶有后綴的多音節(jié)詞的重音在后綴前一個音節(jié)上musician,politician,energetic,electricity4、下列后綴重讀

--eeemployee,interviewee,trainee--eerengineer,volunteer5、下列后綴前兩個音節(jié)重讀

--tivenegative,relative17可編輯課件PPTReadaloud重讀音節(jié)reality conflictaffect

reframe technique

negativedefeatgratefulcherish performancedepressioncommercialspokesmanviewpointaudiencepracticalproductivecommitmentessentialdistributor18可編輯課件PPT5.句子重音1、實義詞重讀名詞、實義動詞、形容詞、副詞、感嘆詞和某些代詞（指示代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞和疑問代詞）2、功能詞不重讀冠詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、人稱代詞、物主代詞、關系代詞、聯(lián)系動詞、連詞和介詞（單音節(jié)介詞）19可編輯課件PPT

Therearecertain“safe”topicsthatpeopleusuallymakesmalltalksabout.Theweatherisprobablythenumberonethingthatpeoplewho

donotknoweachotherwilldiscuss.Anothertopicthat

isgenerallysafeiscurrentevents.Aslongas

youarenotdiscussingacontroversialissue,suchasarecentlawconcerningequalrights,itisusuallysafetodiscussthenews.20可編輯課件PPT6.音的變化元音：清晰度音長變化省略、弱化輔音：濁化同化失去爆破在朗讀中，英語的元音和輔音音素會發(fā)生變化。21可編輯課件PPT6.1元音的清晰度1、amount,delay,export,authentic【元音在重讀音節(jié)前,發(fā)音模糊】2、corporate,popular,family,favorite,dictionary【連續(xù)兩個或幾個輕讀音節(jié)結尾，前面的輕讀音節(jié)模糊】22可編輯課件PPT6.2音長音長：重讀音節(jié)中元音的長短音節(jié)內(nèi)后面沒有輔音

>

后面有濁輔音

>

后面有清輔音staystayedstateteateamteachmusicamusecute23可編輯課件PPT6.3省略與弱化省略:在多音節(jié)的詞中，非重讀音節(jié)的元音/?/或

/i/會被省略factory,history,university,seldom,practical縮略與弱化：you’re,I’dliketo,I’ll，They’ve24可編輯課件PPT1. a /eI/ /?/ We'vegotadog.2. an /?n/ /?n/ Takeanapple.3. her /h?://h?/,/?:/,/?/What'shername?4. his /hIz/ /Iz/ Johnhadhishaircut.5. our /a??/ /ɑ:/ Wecandoitonourown.6. some/s?m//s?m/,/sm/ Getmesomewater.7. the /ei:/ /eI/,/e?/ Theysawtheyoungandtheold.8. your /j?:/ /j?/ Takeyourtime.9. he /hi:/ /hI/,/I/ Whatdidhedo?10. me /mi:/ /mI/ Letmehavealook.11. she /?i:/ /?I/ Didshecome?12. them /eem//e?m/,/em/ Letthemgo.13. us /?s/ /?s/ Hetoldusastory.14. we /wi:/ /wI/ Hereweare.

WordsSFWF Samplesentence

25可編輯課件PPT15. you /ju:/ /j?/ Didyouseemypen?16. him /hIm//Im/ Givehimapen.17. am /?m/ /?m/,/m/ I'mproudofit.18. are /ɑ:/ /?/ Whatareyoudoing?19. be /bi:/ /bI/ Don'tbelate.20. can /k?n//k?n/,/kn/ WhatcanIdo?21. do /du:/ /d?/,/d/ WhatdoyoudoonSundays?22. does /d?z/ /d?z/ Whendoesthetrainleave?23. had /h?d/ /h?d/,/?d/,/d/Howmanyhadhehad?24. has /h?z/ /h?z/,/?z/,/z/,/s/Whathashappened?25. have /h?v/ /h?v/,/?v/,/v/Thekidshavegone.26. is /Iz/ /z/,/s/ Heiscoming.27. must /m?st/ /m?st/,/m?s/Wemustgonow.28. shall /??l/ /??l/,/?l/ Whatshallwedo?WordsSFWF Samplesentence26可編輯課件PPT

WordsSFWeakform Samplesentence29. was /w?z/ /w?z/,/wz/ Hewasout.30. were /w?:/ /w?/ Wewerealllate.31. will /wIl/ /w?l/,/?l/ Thatwilldo.32At/?t/ /?t/ Lookathim.33. for /f?:/ /f?/ Isitforme?34. from /fr?m//fr?m/,/frm/ Theycomefromthestates.35. of /?v/ /?v/,/v/,/f/ It'sverykindofyou.36. to /tu:/ /t?/ Youdon'thavetoworry.37. and /?nd/ /?nd/,/?n/,/nd/,/n/Wehadfishandchips.38. as /?z/ /?z/ Justasyoulike.39. but /b?t/ /b?t/ It'sgoodbutexpensive.40. so /s??/ /s?/ It'snotsocoldhere.41. than /e?n/ /e?n/ It'sbiggerthanthis.42. that /e?t/ /e?t/ Hesaidthathewascoming.27可編輯課件PPT6.4失去爆破/不完全爆破在單詞、短語或句子中，爆破音在下列輔音前失去爆破或不完全爆破1、爆破音active,advise,agoodgirl2、摩擦音friendship,oldfriends3、破擦音greatchanges,picture4、鼻音goodmorning,importantnotice5、舌邊音atleast,hardly,thesecondlongest28可編輯課件PPT6.5濁化一般在重讀音節(jié)，清輔音/p/,/t/,/k/在/s/音后讀其對應的濁輔音/b/,/d/,/g/student/‘stju:d?nt/,distinguishexcuse,discussspeak,expand29可編輯課件PPT6.6同化同化：一個音因為受了另外一個鄰音的影響而發(fā)成了這兩個音之外的第三個音。

education/edju’kei??n//e?u’kei??n/issue/’isju://’i?u:/length/le?θ//lenθ/Didyouseehim?

/didju'si:(h)im//did?u'si:(h)im/

30可編輯課件PPT7.詞尾讀音asksstopsmonthsthanksstaysdogsclothessavesrisesvoiceshazeshousescatsrightscorrectswritescrowdsaddsguardsbeds/s//z//iz//?//?/31可編輯課件PPT/d//t//id/closedfilledarrangedstayedcleanedfixedwatchedpassedblushedaskedaddedplantedhatedpattedwanted-d,-ed的讀音32可編輯課件PPT-r,-er的讀音/?//r?/sharpenersuppliersellerheavierthinnerrarerpoorerclevererclearersinger/`si??/longer/`l??ɡ?/33可編輯課件PPT8.連讀1、輔音+元音comeintakeitaway,inanhour2、r+元音afterallrememberitforexampleapairofshoes3、元音+元音當前面的單詞以/i://i//ai//ei//?i/

結尾，與后面的元音連讀

theothermyunclemillionseeoff2)當前面的單詞以/u:/

/u//au//?u/

結尾，與后面的元音連讀

twoothers,doit,youare,toooften,goon34可編輯課件PPTMarkthelinkingalotofworkassoonaspossibleIhavequiteenough.Bothofuswentout.Thefishisexcellent.Comealonghomeifyoulike.Johnwonanaward.Hefetcheditforme.Tellusallaboutit.Isheillagain?35可編輯課件PPT9.意群和停頓意群是句子中密切相關的短語，在句子中應該被讀在一起,意群之間應通過語調或短暫的停頓來區(qū)分。

a.Billsaid,"Ourbossislost."b."Bill,"saidourboss,"islost."

a.Hesoldhishouseboatandtrailer.

b.Hesoldhishouse,boatandtrailer.2.a.Shelikespineapples.

b.Shelikespieandapples.

3.a.WouldyoulikeSuperSalad?

b.Wouldyoulikesouporsalad?4.a.(A+B)×C=X.

b.A+(B×C)=X.

36可編輯課件PPT10.語調一、種類：降調、升調、降升調二、應用：（一）降調的應用1、陳述句2、特殊疑問句3、祈使句4、反問句Nancyisveryintelligent.Intelligent?Isshereally?Ithinkshe’sdumb.37可編輯課件PPT（二）升調的應用1、一般疑問句2、陳述疑問句3、選擇疑問句的前面選擇部分4、請對方重復的疑問句5、反義疑問句的后半部分6、命令句的附加問句7、語句未完的停頓8、逗號前語調38可編輯課件PPT（三）降升調1、表對比Inmyclassthereare35students.Andthereare37inyourclass.2、表含蓄3、表不同意4、表反駁5、表警告39可編輯課件PPTIntonationMarking:FallingtoneIwasinLONDONon↘SUNDAY.He'sSTUDYING↘FRENCH.ShewasGOINGA↘WAY.HeWANTSsome↘BEEF.I'mafraidI↘CAN'T.STARTdoingit↘NOW.COMEtothe↘BLACKBOARD.WRITEitTO↘MORROW.WH