考研英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)完型填空歷年真題

目標(biāo)：背文章，背選項(xiàng)，沒(méi)有一個(gè)生詞，沒(méi)有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句，沒(méi)有一個(gè)

不懂的選項(xiàng)

考研英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)完型填空歷年真題................................1

Passage1（1994年）.......................................2

Passage2（1995年）.......................................3

Passage3（1996年）.......................................5

Passage4（1997年）.......................................6

Passage5（1998年）.......................................7

Passage6（1999年）........................................8

Passage7（2000年）.......................................9

Passage8（2001年）.......................................10

Passage9（2002年）......................................12

Passage10（2003年）.....................................14

Passage11（2004年）.....................................16

Passage12（2005年）.....................................18

Passage13（2006年）.....................................20

大綱樣題.................................................22

Passage2007.............................................................................................24

Passage2008.............................................................................................26

Passage2009.................................................................................................................28

Passage2010..................................................................................................................30

參考答案：...............................................................32

Passage1（1994年）

Thefirstandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.In

speaking,thechoiceofwordsis41theutmostimportance.Properselectionwill

eliminateonesourceof42breakdownsinthecommunicationcycle.Toooften,carelessuseof

words43ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.Thewordsusedbythespeakermay

44unfavorablereactionsinthelistener45interferewithhiscomprehension;

hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.

46inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake47difficultforthelistener

tounderstandthe48whichisbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwhodoesnot

havespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe49toexplainordescribeina

50thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.

4l.[A]of[BJat[C]for[D]on

42.[A]inaccessible[BJtimely及時(shí)的[C]likely[D]invalid無(wú)效的

■prevents

43.[A]encourages[C]destroy[D]offers

44.[A]passout分發(fā)[B]takeaway取走[C]backup支持、倒退[D]stirup”引起,激起”

45.[A]who[B]as[C]which[D]what

46.[A]Moreover|B|However[C]Preliminarily|D]Unexpectedly

47.[A]thatIB]it[C]so[D|this

48.[A|speech|B|sense[C]message[D]meaning

J]unable

49.[A]obscure[B|difficult|C]impossible

50.[A]case[B]means[C]method[D]way

43題分析，這一題充分說(shuō)明了這樣一點(diǎn)，考研完形選得不僅僅是對(duì)的，還要是最適合的，destroy

意為“毀滅，破壞，消滅”，它雖然是貶義詞，但一般是對(duì)已經(jīng)存在的事物而言，且語(yǔ)氣很

強(qiáng)烈，放在此處不合適。prevent意為“防止，阻礙”，用在文中表示“詞語(yǔ)使用不當(dāng)阻礙了

說(shuō)話(huà)雙方思想的交流”，正好描述了這種增加障礙的反作用，所以是正確答案。

45interferewithhiscomprehension（干擾他的理解）中his指代的只能是“聽(tīng)者”，那么interfere

的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是前面的unfavorablereactionso

49difficult和impossible都不使用本句型，如果使用這兩個(gè)詞可以把句子轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋篒tis

difficult/impossibleforthespeakertoexplain...obscure“暗的，朦朧的，模糊的“，一般不

修飾人，如：anobscuresound模糊的聲音

Passage2(1995年)

Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsand

dreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.Neitherkindofsleepisatallwellunderstood,but

REMsleepisassumedtoservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleep

isevenmoremysterious.Thenewexperiments,suchasthesedescribedforthefirsttimeatarecent

meetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanationsforthe

purposeofnon-REMsleep.

Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleepdeprivationis100percentfataltorats,yet,

uponexaminationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.Aresearcherhasnow

castlightonthemysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Theratsdevelopbacterialinfectionsofthe

blood,asiftheirimmunesystems—theself-protectingmechanismagainstdiseases一hadcrashed.

41.[A]Either[B]Neither[C]Each[D]Any

42.[A]intendedrequiredassumedbeassumedtodosth.意為“被認(rèn)為做某事inferred

43.[A]subtle“微妙的，難以捉摸的”[B]obvious[C]mysterious難以解釋的[D]doubtful

44.[A]maintained堅(jiān)持[.described描述[C]settled解決[D]afforded支付得起

45.inthelightof根據(jù)byvirtueof由于withtheexceptiono(^except[D]forthepurpose

46.[A]reduction[B]destruction[C]deprivation[D]restriction

47.upon[B]by[C]through[D]with

48.(A|paidattentionto注意caughtsightof發(fā)現(xiàn)、注意laidemphasison強(qiáng)調(diào)castlighton

49.[A]developed|B]produced[C]stimulated[D]induced弓|誘，誘使

50.[A]if[■asif[C]onlyif[D]ifonly

41、關(guān)鍵詞atall一般與否定詞連用，即noL..at疝，意為“一點(diǎn)也不，根本不”，因而這里

應(yīng)填表否定含義的詞，出］正確

42、infer意為“推論，推斷”,但它不用于infersth.todo結(jié)構(gòu)中，而用于infersth.fromsth.

結(jié)構(gòu)中，如：Muchofthemeaningmustbeinferredfromthecontext.（大部分含意必須從上下

文中推斷。）

47、upon+名詞/動(dòng)名詞二when引導(dǎo)的從句，其I」upon相當(dāng)于when/directlyafter,表示“當(dāng)...

時(shí)...如：Uponenteringtheroom（=WhenIenteredtheroom）,Ifoundhimlyingonthefloor.

本文如果要用BCD,首先需要在名詞examination前加上定冠詞the；其次其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是

句子的主語(yǔ)theanimals,這樣含義就成了“動(dòng)物通過(guò)檢查動(dòng)物尸體。不符合邏輯。

48>cast/throw/shedlighton意為“使（問(wèn)題等）較容易理解"，如：Recentresearchhasshed

newlightonthecausesofthedisease.最近的研究結(jié)果可以使人進(jìn)一步了解導(dǎo)致這種疾病的原

因。

50.［答案］B

［解析］本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯關(guān)系。

本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句Theratsdevelopbacterialinfectionsoftheblood用的是一般現(xiàn)

在時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則，從句也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。但在本題中，從句用的是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

很顯然，主從句的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。時(shí)態(tài)不一致一般是由兩個(gè)原因引起的：一，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：

I'mdoingmyhomework,whileIwaswatchingTVthistimeyesterday.二，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用，如：

Iflwereyou,Iwouldgothere.如果我是你，我就去那兒。此題并沒(méi)有涉及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)因此導(dǎo)致

時(shí)態(tài)不一致的原因是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。

If意為"如果",跟虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，主句應(yīng)相應(yīng)地使用虛似語(yǔ)氣，如：Theconferencewouldn't

beensosuccessful,ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations.如果我們不做充分的準(zhǔn)備，會(huì)議是

不會(huì)開(kāi)得這么成功的。

asif意為"好像"，可以接虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如：Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.（他表

現(xiàn)得若無(wú)其事。）=asthough

onlyif意為“只有”,接條件從句，一般引起主句的倒裝現(xiàn)象，如:Onlyiftheredlight

comesonisthereanydangertoemployees.只有紅燈閃亮?xí)r才有危及職工的險(xiǎn)情。

ifonly意為“要是……就好了"，接虛擬語(yǔ)氣，一般用來(lái)引導(dǎo)感嘆句，如：Ifonlyshehad

knownwheretofindyou.

由于文中只有從句使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因此應(yīng)選［B］,意為“似乎它們的免疫系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)崩

演。

Passage3（1996年）

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthenormalgrowthand

maintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.

Theydonotprovideenergy,nordotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyare

neededfor42foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.Therearethirteenormoreofthem,

andif43ismissingadeficiencydiseasebecomes44.

Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydro距n,

oxygen,and45nitrogen.Theyaredifferent46theirelementsarearranged

differently,andeachvitamin47oneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.

Gettingenoughvitaminsareessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritionalusefor

excessvitamins.Manypeople,necerthelessbelieveinbeingonthe"safeside"andthus

takeextravitamins.However,awell-balanceddietwillusuallymeetallthebody'svitaminneeds.

4l.[A]either[B]so[C]nor[D]never

42.[A]shifting轉(zhuǎn)換[B]transferring遷移[C]altering修改、改變[D]transforming

43.[A]any[B]some[C]anything[D]something

44.[A]serious[B]apparent[C]severe[D]fatal

45.[A]mostly|B|partially|C]sometimes|D]rarely

46.|A|inthat|B]sothat[C]suchthat|D|exceptthat

47.[A|undertakes承擔(dān)、采取holds持有、把握plays擔(dān)當(dāng)、承擔(dān)performs表演、執(zhí)行

48.[A|Supplying|B|Getting[CJProviding|D|Furnishing

49exceptional例夕卜的、異常的exceeding極度的、過(guò)度的excess額外的,多余的external

50.[1]nevertheless

[B]therefore[C]moreover[DJmeanwhile

47、performafunction（具有?,?的功能，發(fā)揮,,?的作用），如：Thebrainperformsavery

importantfunction:itcontrolsthenervoussystemofthebody.（大腦具有非常重要的功能，它控

制著身體內(nèi)的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)）。其它能與function搭配的動(dòng)詞還有fulfill、serve等。其它選項(xiàng)的

常用搭配有：undertakeamission/task/project承擔(dān)使命/任務(wù)/工程：holdashare持有股份;

playarole/part扮演…角色。

50[A]nevertheless然而（表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）[B]therefore因此，所以，（表因果關(guān)系）

[C]moreover而且（表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系）[D]meanwhile（=atthesametime）同時(shí)，（表

示時(shí)間關(guān)系）------------[精解]本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯關(guān)系。

兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)邏輯連接詞，因此考生需判斷空格所在句子和上文之

間的邏輯關(guān)系。上文提到，接著作者指出：為“安全”考慮，而服用額外的維生素。從

語(yǔ)意上看，兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選擇項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞，因此nevertheless

為正確答案。

Passage4（1997年）

ManpowerInc,with560,000workers,istheworld'slargesttemporaryemploymentagency.

Everymorning,itspeopleswarmintotheofficesandfactoriesofAmerica,seekingaday's

workforaday'spay,Onedayatatime.42industrialgiantslikeGeneralMotorsand

IBMstruggletosurvive43reducingthenumberofemployees,Manpower,basedin

Milwaukee,Wisconsin,isbooming.

―Eventhough_itseconomycontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasinglybecominga

nationofpart-timersandtemporaryworkers.This“45“workforceisthemostimportant

46inAmericanbusinesstoday,anditis47changingtherelationshipbetween

peopleandtheirjobs.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremainglobally

competitive48avoidingmarketcyclesandthegrowingburdens49by

employmentrules,healthcarecostsandpensionplans.Forworkersitcanmeananendtothe

security,benefitsandsenseof50thatcamefrombeingaloyalemployee.

4l.[A]swarm[B]stride[C]separate[D]slip

42.[A]For[B]Because[C]As[D]Since

43.[A]from[B]in[C]on[D]by

MM

44.|A|Eventhough[B]Nowthat[C]Ifonly|D]Providedthat

45.[A|durable[B|disposableIC]available[D]transferable

46.[A|approach|B]flow|C]fashion[D]trend

47.[A]instantly[B]reversely|C]fundamentally|D]sufficiently

48.[A]but[B]while[C]and[D]whereas

49.[A]imposed[B]restricted[C]illustrated[D]confined

50.[A]excitement[B]conviction[C]enthusiasm[D]importance

41、Peopleswarmedintothecinema.（人們擁進(jìn)電影院），它在文中也可以形象地描述眾

多臨時(shí)工人如潮水般涌入上班地點(diǎn)的情景。因此，A選項(xiàng)為正確答案o

stride強(qiáng)調(diào)步幅大，如：Hestrodeoutofthehouse.（他大踏步地走出了房子），根據(jù)文意，這

么多人同時(shí)進(jìn)入辦公地點(diǎn)不可能是“大步跨入”

Passage5（1998年）

UntilrecentlymosthistoriansspokeverycriticallyoftheIndustrialRevolution.They

4]thatinthelongrunindustrializationgreatlyraisedthestandardoflivingforthe

42man.Buttheyinsistedthatits43resultsduringtheperiodfrom1750to1850

werewidespreadpovertyandmiseryforthe44oftheEnglishpopulation.45

contrast,theysawintheprecedinghundredyearsfrom1650to1750.whenEnglandwasstilla

46agriculturalcountry,aperiodofgreatabundanceandprosperity.

Thisview,47.isgenerallythoughttobewrong.Specialists48history

andeconomics,have49twothings:thattheperiodfrom1650to1750was50

bygreatpoverty,andthatindustrializationcertainlydidnotworsenandmayhaveactuallyimproved

theconditionsforthemajorityofthepopulace.

41.[A]admitted[B]believed[C]claimed[D]predicted

42.[A]plain[BJaverage[C]mean[DJnormal

43.[A]momentary[B]prompt[C]instant|D|immediate

44.[A]bulk[B]host[C]gross[D]magnitude

45.[A]on[B]With[C]For[D]By

46.[A|broadly|B|thoroughly|C]generally廊completely

47.|A|however[B|meanwhile|C]therefore[D|moreover

48.[A]atIB]in|C]about[D]for

49.[A]manifested|B|approved|C|shown[D|speculated

50.[A]noted[B]impressed[C]labeled[D]marked

Passage6（1999年）

Industrialsafetydoesnotjusthappen.Companies41lowaccidentratesplantheir

safetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem42

andactive.Whentheworkiswelldone,a43ofaccident-freeoperationsis

established44timelostduetoinjuriesiskeptataminimum.

Successfulsafetyprogramsmay45greatlyintheemphasisplacedoncertain

aspectsoftheprogram.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstresssafe

workpracticesby46rulesorregulations.47othersdependonanemotional

appealtotheworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmustbeusedineveryprogramifmaximum

resultsaretobeobtained.

Therecanbenoquestionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancialstandpoint

alone,safety48.Thefewertheinjury49.thebettertheworkman'sinsurance

rate.Thismaymeanthedifferencebetweenoperatingat50orataloss.

4l.[A]atIBJin[C]on[D]with

42.[A]alive[B]vivid[C]mobile[D]diverse

43.[A]regulation[B]climate[C]circumstance[D]requirement

44.[A]where[B]how[C]what[D]unless

45.[A]alter[B]differ[C]shift[D]distinguish

46.[A]constituting[B]aggravating[C]observing[D]justifying

47.[A]some[B]Many[C]Even[D]still

48.[A]comesoff|B|turnsup[C]paysoff|D]holdsup

49.[A]claims[B|reports[C]declarations|D|proclamations

50.[A]anadvantage|B]abenefit[C]aninterest|D]aprofit

Passage7（2000年）

Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhis

production.Hemuststorealai^equantityofgrain41consumingallhisgrainimmediately.

Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily42heproducesasurplus.Hemust

usethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance43the

unpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto44

oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto45thesoil.Hemayalso

needmoneytoconstructirrigation46andimprovehisfarminotherways.Ifno

surplusis.available,afarmercannotbe47.Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor

48extrafundsintheformofloans.Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow49

ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot50obtainable.

41.[A]otherthan[B]aswellas[C]insteadof[D]morethan

42.[A]onlyof[B]muchas[C]longbefore[D]eversince

43.[A]for[B]against[C]of[D]towards

44.[A]replace[B]purchase[C]supplement[D]dispose

45.[A]enhance[B]mix[C]feed[D]raise

46.[A|vessels|B|routes[C]paths[D]channels

47.[A|self-confident|B|self-sufficientIC]self-satisfied[D]self-restrained

48.[A|search|B|save|C]offer[D]seek

49.[A]proportion[B]percentage[C]rate[D]ratio

50.[A]genuinely[B]obviously[C]presumably[D]frequently

Passage8（2001年）

Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeople

involvedinprominentcases31thetrialofRosemaryWest.

Inasignificant32oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLord

Chancellor,willintroducea33billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses

34andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof35thatcanbegiventoacase36

atrialbegins.

InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselectcommittee,

LordIrvinesaidhe37withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatself-regulation

didnot38sufficientcontrol.

39ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda40ofmedia

protestwhenhesaidthe41ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislation

wouldbelefttojudges42toParliament.

TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which43the

EuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally44inBritain,laiddownthateverybody

was45toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesand

theirfamilies.

“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands46ourBritishjudges,'1hesaid.

Witnesspaymentsbecamean47afterWestsentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.

Upto19witnesseswere48tohavereceivedpaymentsfbrtellingtheirstoriesto

newspapers.Concernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggerate

theirstoriesincourtto50guiltyverdict.

31.[A]asto[B]forinstance[C]inparticular[D]suchas

32.[A]tightening[B]intensifying[C]focusing[D]fastening

33.[A]sketch[B]rough[C]preliminary[D]draft

34.[A]illogical[B]illegal[C]improbable[D]improper

35.[A]publicity[B]penalty[C]popularity[D]peculiarity

36.[A]since[B]if[C]before[D]as

37.[A]sided|B|shared|C]complied|D|agreed

38.[A]present[B]offer[C]manifest[DJindicate

39.[A]Release[BJPublication[C]Printing[D]Exposure

40.[A]stonn[B]rage[C]flare[D]flash

41.[A]translation|B|interoperation[C]exhibition|D|demonstration

42.[A]betterthan[B]otherthan[C]ratherthan[D]soonerthan

43.[A]changes[B]makes[C]sets[DJturns

44.[A]binding[B]convincing[C]restraining[D]sustaining

45.[A]authorized[B]credited[C]entitled[D]qualified

46.[A]with[B]to[C]from[D]by

47.[A]impact[B]incident[C]inference[DIissue

48.[A]stated[B]remarked[C]said[D]told

49.[A|what|B|when[C]which|D|that

5O.[A]assure[B|confide[C]ensure|D|guarantee

Passage9（2002年）

Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthe

diffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappened21.Aswas

discussedbefore,itwasnot22the19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominant

pre-electronic23.followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe24

oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution25up,

beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading26throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,

radio,andmotionpictures27the20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.

Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin28Itisimportanttodoso.

Itisgenerallyrecognized,29,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly

20thcentury,30bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radically

changedtheprocess,31itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately32.As

timewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame"personal1'too,

aswellas33,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage34increasing.

Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,35generations,withthedistancebetween

generationsmuch36.

Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm"informationsociety"begantobewidelyusedto

describethe37withinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas38

bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehavebeen

39viewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications.'Benefits"havebeen

weighed40"harmful"outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.

21.[A]between[B]before[C]since[D]later

22.[A]after[B]by[C]during[D]until

23.[A]means[B]method[C]medium[D]measure

24.[A]process[B]company[C]light[D]form

25.[A]gathered[B]speeded[C]worked[D]picked

26.[A]on[B]out[C]over[D]off

27.[A]of[B]for[C]beyond|D|into

28.[A]concept|B]dimension[CJeffect|D]perspective

29.[A]indeed[B]hence[C]however[D]therefore

30.[A]brought[B]followed[C]stimulated[D]characterized

31.[A]unless[B]sincet[C]les[D]although

32.[A]apparent|B|desirable[C]negative[D|plausible

33.[A]institutional[B]universal[C]fundamental[D]instrumental

34.[A]ability[B]capability[C]capacity[D]faculty

35.[A]bymeansof[BJintermsof[C]withregardto[D]inlinewith

36.[A]deeper[B]fewer[C]nearer[D]smaller

37.[A]context[B]range[C]scope[D]territory

38.[A]regarded[B]impressed[C]influenced[D]effected

39.[A]competitive[B]controversial[C]distracting[D]irrational

40.[A]above[B]upon[C]against[D]with

Passage10（2003年）

Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoung

adultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious21tohowtheycanbest22

suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand23.butnotjustinwaysthat

emphasizecompetition.24theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostof

newintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe

25thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare26

byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatit

wouldbe27toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,28.

publishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,29studentartwork,

andsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide30

opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful31dynamics.Making

friendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe32ofsome

kindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult33visibleinthebackground.

Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthatyoungteenshave34attentionspans.

Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized35participantscanremainactiveaslongas

theywantandthengoonto36elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheother

participants37.Thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.38

theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby39forrolesthatarewithin

their40andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.

21.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice

22.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance

23.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure

24.[A]if[B]although[C]whereas[D]because

25.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance

26.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed

27.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise

28.[A]ineffect[B]asaresult[C]forexample[DJinasense

29.[A|displaying[B|describing|C|creating[D]exchanging

30.[A]durable[BJexcessive[C]surplus[D]multiple

31.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation

32.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security

33.[A]particularly[B|barely[C]definitely[D]rarely

34.[A]similar[Bllong[C]different[D]short

35.[A]ifonly[BJnowthat[C]sothat[D]evenif

36.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something

37.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone

38.[A]onthecontrary[B]ontheaverage[C]onthewhole[D]ontheotherhand

39.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking

40.[Alcapabilities[B]responsibilities[Clproficiency[D]efficiency

Passage11(2004年)

Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoung

people)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories

21ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior22theywere

notsufficientlypenalizedforpre