50分閱讀理解提分練(八)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A[2020·長春市普通高中高三統(tǒng)一測試]Top4ThingstoDoinPigeonForgeandGatlinburg,TNThePigeonForgeandGatlinburgareasofTennesseeareabsolutelyfulloffunthingstodoandsee.Youaresuretohaveanamazingtime.DollyParton'sStampedeOneofthemostfamousattractionsinthePigeonForgeandGatlinburgareas,theDollyParton'sStampedeisamust-seeattraction.Thisshowfeaturesmanyspecialeffects,horsemanshipandafunevening.Watchasyoutakeinsomeofthebestentertainment.Cheeronyourfavoriteside.Then,topitalloffwithadeliciousmealofroastchickenandtonsofdelicioussides.Ripley'sAquarium(水族館)oftheSmokiesFortheanimal-loverinyourfamily,you'lldefinitelywanttocheckouttheRipley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.ThisaquariumisoneofthebestattractionsinGatlinburgandfeaturestonsofbeautifulanimalsforafunandeducationalexperience.TitanicMuseumVisittheTitanicinPigeonForgeforauniquelookintothistragicevent.TheTitanicMuseumintheGreatSmokyMountainsisthelargestpermanentmuseum.Uponarrival,you'llbeamazedbythegiantreproductionoftheship.Here,guestswillbeabletoexploreavarietyofexhibits.DollywoodThemeParkDollywoodisafavoriteamongvisitorsofallagesbecauseitprovidestonsoffunanddifferentrides.Therearelotsofeventsduringtheyear.Dollywood'sSplashCountryWaterParkissuretobearefreshingplaceduringthesummermonths.Visittheparkwhenit'sshiningwithfestivelights.Nomatterwhenyouvisitit,thisparkissuretoprovideunforgettablefunduringyourPigeonForgegetaway.1．Wherearethosewholoveanimalslikelytogo?A．DollyParton'sStampede.B．Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.C．TitanicMuseum.D．DollywoodThemePark.2．Whichplacewillmakeyoufeelrefreshedduringthehotmonths?A．DollyParton'sStampede.B．Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.C．TitanicMuseum.D．DollywoodThemePark.3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Science.B．Travel.C．Society.D．Education.B[2020·福州市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測]Tounderstandwhatteensaretalkingabouthasbeenbotheringparentsandteachersforages.OnecleverhighschoolteacherinMassachusettsfoundasolutionthathaspeopleonTwittersayingthey're“willingtopaymoneyforit”．JamesCallahanofLowellHighSchoolcreatedaspreadsheetofallthecolloquial(口語的)termshisstudentshaveusedsinceSeptemberalongwithhisattempttoexplaintheminplainlanguage,andpeopleonsocialmediaareenjoyingthemselves.OnMonday,oneofCallahan'sstudentspostedaphotoofafour-pagedocumentthesociologyteachercreated,titledthe“Callahan'sGenerationZDictionary”．Inthealphabetizedgreen-coloredcolumnontheleft,the“professor”typedoutphraseslike“sis”，“spillthetea”，and“snack”.Intheyellowcolumnontheright,heattemptstoexplaineachphraseusingaformaltranslationofwhatthestudentssay.ThestudenttoldUSATodaythatshereferredtoCallahanasaprofessorinthetweetbecausetheword“teacher”didn'tseemdignifiedenoughtodescribehim.Shealsosaidthatstudentsgetcollegecreditsfortakingtheintroductiontothesociologycourse.Within24hours,thetweetreceivedover300,000likesand93,000retweets.Someofthepeoplewhorespondedtothetweetapplaudedtheteacher'sinterestinteenageculture,andothersmadetheirowncontributiontothelist.“Yeet”wasapopularsuggestion—It'saversatilewordthatcanbeusedasanexclamation,averb,orevenanoun,accordingtotheUrbanDictionary.“Thetypicalteacher-studentrelationshipinvolvesarigidpowerstructure,butinmyexperience,I'vefoundthatstudentsaremoreengagedandperformbetterifIamabletoreachthemwheretheyare，”Callahansaid.“Languageischangingallthetime,andeverygenerationcreatestheirownvocabularybankofslang，”Callahansaid.“Thestudentscreatedit,andIamsortofjustthearchivist(檔案管理員)！”4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph1?A．Twitter.B．Asolution.C．Understanding.D．Attempt.5．HowdoesoneofCallahan'sstudentsdescribehim?A．Simple.B．Interesting.C．Admirable.D．Hard-working.6．Whatarepeople'sreactionsafterthedictionarywaspostedonline?A．Theyexpresstheirsurprise.B．Theyhelptranslatethewords.C．Theycreatemorevocabulary.D．Theytakequiteafancytoit.7．WhatisthepurposeofCallahan'sefforts?A．Toimprovestudents'learningefficiency.B．Tohelpstudentsgetcollegecredits.C．Tolearnanewpopularlanguage.D．Totakeupanewprofession.C[2020·綿陽市高中第三次診斷性考試]Asdataleaksandidentitytheftbecomemoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforfingerprintidentificationoririsscans(虹膜掃描)tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.They'restillexpensive,though,andsomepeopleareunwillingtohavepersonalidentifierstakenandkeptbyathirdparty.Researcherssaytheyhaveinventedalow-costdevice—asmartkeyboard.Itpreciselymeasuresthesoundwithwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachindividual,saysJunChen,adoctoralengineeringstudent.Bymeasuringhowsomebodytypesapassword(密碼),hesays,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andthus,byextension,whethertheyshouldbegrantedaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetstherightpassword.Itdoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.“Everybodyusesakeyboard...andeverybodytypesdifferently，”Chensaid.Thedevicepowersitselfbygeneratingelectricitywhenaperson'sfingertipstouchthekeys,multi-layerplasticmaterials—pressingandlifting—whichcompletesanelectriccircuitwiththekeyboard.Thekeyboardcouldofferastrongerlayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thisphenomenon,called“contactelectrification”，isthesameprocessthatcreatesstaticelectricity.Chensaid,“It'slikewhenyourunyourhandacrossawoolblanketandseesparks(電火花)inthedarkness.”InastudydescribingthetechnologypublishedinthejournalACSNano,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthekeyboard.Datagleanedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtoidentifyindividualparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates,Chensays.Sofar,thereisjustonesuchkeyboard.But,Chensays,itshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopesitcouldmakeittomarketinaboutfiveyears.8．Whatisthefeatureofthesmartdevice?A．It'sinexpensive.B．It'sanewtypeoftechnology.C．It'sinaccessiblewithoutapassword.D．Itcanrecognizepeople'sfingerprints.9．Howisthesmartdevicepowered?A．Byfingerstouchingit.B．Byreplaceablebatteries.C．Byproducingpowerofitsown.D．Bybeingconnectedtoelectricity.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gleaned”probablymeaninParagraph6?A．Collected.B．Involved.C．Contained.D．Leaked.11．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．SmartKeyboardCanProduceElectricityItselfB．SmartKeyboardCanIdentifyYoubyHowYouTypeC．SmartKeyboardCanProtectPersonalDataPrivacyD．SmartKeyboardCanMeasureTypingForceandTimeD[2020·石家莊市高三年級階段性訓(xùn)練題]Around45%ofplasticwasteisrecycledannuallyintheUKandplasticwasteisontheincrease.However,oneoftheproblemswithpresentplasticrecyclingmethodsisthatyouendupwithalower-qualityplasticwithworseproperties(特性)thantheoriginal.Thismeansthatplasticdrinkbottlescannotsimplyberecycledintonewdrinkbottlescontinuously,butinsteadareusedforotherlower-gradeproductslikeparkbenches.Now,Britishscientistshavedevelopedanewmethodofchemicalrecycling.Theyuselowertemperaturesandmoreenvironmentallyfriendlychemicalsthanpreviousmethodstoturnplasticsbackintotheirconstituentchemicalmolecules(分子).Inthisway,theycanbeusedtomakenewplasticsofthesamequalityastheoriginal.“Mostplasticsarenowrecycledusingmechanicalmethods,wheretheyaretransformedintoliquidsbeforebeingmadeintosomethingnew，”saidaprofessornamedMatthewJones.“Theproblemis,meltingplasticchangesitspropertiesandreducesthequality.Ourmethodofchemicalrecyclingovercomesthisproblem.Thenplasticscanbeusedalloveragainwithoutlosinganyproperties.”Theresearchersarerecyclingsomekindsofplastics,includingplant-basedPLA,aplasticusedforfoodpackagingandPET,whichisusedfordrinkbottles.Sofar,thetechnologyhasonlybeendemonstratedinasmallrange.However,scientistsarenowworkingtoproducelargerquantitiesofchemicals.“Thereisnosinglesolutiontotheproblemofplasticwaste—theapproachhastobeacombinationofreducing,reusingandrecycling.Ourmethodofchemicalrecyclingcouldallowcarbontoberecycledendlesslyratherthandiggingmoreupfromthegroundintheformoffossilfuels,orlettingitintotheatmosphereasagreenhousegas，”saidDr.PaulMcKeownfromtheUniversityofBath.12．Whatistheproblemwiththepresentplasticrecycling?A．Thequalityofrecycledplasticsdeclines.B．Plasticdrinkbottlescannotberecycled.C．Theamountofplasticwasteisincreasing.D．Recycledlower-gradeproductssellbadly.13．Howdoscientistsrecycleplasticwastewiththenewmethod?A．Bytransformingitintofuels.B．Byheatingitintotheliquidstate.C．Bykeepingitsoriginalproperties.D．Bychangingitsmoleculestructure.14．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDr.PaulMcKeownsaid?A．Fossilfuelsareendlessresources.B．Theplasticwasteproblemhasnosolution.C．Recycledcarbonleadstogreenhousegases.D．Thechemicalrecyclingisenvironmentallyfriendly.15．Inwhichpartofthewebsitecanwefindthetext?A．Business.B．Technology&Science.C．Lifestyle.D．Art&Culture.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2020·北京市西城區(qū)高三統(tǒng)一測試]FashionandIdentityPeoplehaveputsomemessageinthetypeofclothingtheywearforalongtime.Longagopeoplestartedwantingtostandoutfromthe“crowd”andbedifferentfromotherpeoplebymeansofchangingtheirclothing.Someexamplesofthese“standingout”becameverypopularandwerefollowedbymorepeople.__16__Nowadays,fashionhasbecomeanecessarypartofone'sself-realizationandclothingisbasicallyacoveringdesignedtobewornonaperson'sbody.Thiscoveringisa“necessity”，whichbringsalotofvarietyintothelivesofpeopleandmakestheirimagemorecomplete.Thetypeofclothingcompletelydependsonthepersonwearingitandbecomesareflectionofpersonalidentity.Lately,alotisbeingheardaboutitsmeaninginthelifeofeverysinglepersonontheplanet.Thechoiceofclothingisasimportantasidentificationthroughthecolorofhair,skinandgender.Aseverypieceofclothingcarriesastrongmessageaboutitsowner,everyowner“nests”acertainvalueinitdependingonhismindsetortoday'smood.Therefore,theclothingofapersonisameansofcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.__17__Clotheshaveasignificantimpactontheunderstandingofthepeoplenearbyaswellasthepersonwearingthem.Forinstance,asuitcanmakeapersonfeelmoreconfidentandorganized,whichwouldeventuallychangeeventhegesturesoftheperson.__18__Sometimes,fashionmayplayavitalroleinaperson'slife,especiallywhenthepersonisapplyingforthejobhewants.Fashionalsocreatesamessagethatisrequiredbyasituationthepersonfindshimselfin.Thiscanbesimplyprovedbyanalyzingone'sreactiontopeoplewearingdifferenttypesofclothing.__19__Thus,eventhesmallestcompaniesmakewearingasuitoneoftherequirementsfortheiremployees.__20__Fashion,withallitssymbolismandfeatures,formanoutstandingbaseforpersonalandculturalidentification.Itisapartoftheself-realizationthatisrequiredforfindingaplaceinlifeandhasbecomeatoolforachievingharmonywiththeinnerworld.Themorediversethesocietyaroundus,themorethefashiontrendwillsurpriseus.A．Fashionhelpsusrealizeourdreams.B．Thiswasthemomentwhenfashionappeared.C．Fashionandidentityareinseparablecompanions.D．Clothingwasdesignedtoservepeopleintheirdailylife.E．Thepreferenceisalwaysgiventopeopledressedinthe“businessstyle”．F．Itisthewayoftellingpeopleaboutthe“state”andthe“status”ofitsowner.G．Wearingjeansafterasuitmaychangetheconductofapersontoaverycasualone.50分閱讀理解提分練(八)閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——旅游——田納西州的景點[文章大意]本文主要介紹了田納西州的兩處度假勝地里最值得參觀的四個景點。1．答案與解析：B考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Ripley'sAquarium(水族館)oftheSmokies部分的第一句“Fortheanimal-loverinyourfamily,you'lldefinitelywanttocheckouttheRipley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.”可知，那些喜歡動物的人有可能去Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies。故選B。2．答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)DollywoodThemePark部分的第三句“Dollywood'sSplashCountryWaterParkissuretobearefreshingplaceduringthesummermonths.”可知，DollywoodThemePark會使你在炎熱的月份感到清爽，故選D。3．答案與解析：B考查文章出處。根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了田納西州的兩處度假勝地里最值得參觀的四個景點。由此可知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的旅游版塊。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——人際溝通——教師解釋學(xué)生口語化的表達[文章大意]高中教師JamesCallahan將學(xué)生的日常用語整理出來，并用正式的語言表達予以解釋；他這一做法引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，并且他希望通過這種方式能更好地促進師生交流，進而改善學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)。4．答案與解析：B考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第一段第二句“OnecleverhighschoolteacherinMassachusettsfoundasolutionthathaspeopleonTwittersayingthey're‘willingtopaymoneyforit’．”可知，一位聰明的高中老師找到了一個解決辦法，推特上的人說他們愿意為此付錢。由此可推知，“it”在這里指代上文中的“asolution”，故選B。5．答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段第一句“ThestudenttoldUSATodaythatshereferredtoCallahanasaprofessorinthetweetbecausetheword‘teacher’didn'tseemdignifiedenoughtodescribehim.”可知，Callahan的一位學(xué)生認(rèn)為“老師”這個詞語還不足以描述她的老師，所以她用了“教授”這個詞語。由此可推知，這位學(xué)生認(rèn)為Callahan是值得欽佩的，故選C。6．答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段“Within24hours,thetweetreceivedover300,000likesand93,000retweets.”可知，當(dāng)Callahan的學(xué)生將文件發(fā)到社交平臺上后，獲得了眾多人的贊同和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。由此可知，人們非常喜歡這個詞典，故選D。takeafancytosth.意為“喜歡上某物”。文中第七段提到一些人在這個表格上增加了詞匯，但沒有說是這些人創(chuàng)造了這些詞匯，故排除C項。7．答案與解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第八段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“I'vefoundthatstudentsaremoreengagedandperformbetterifIamabletoreachthemwheretheyare”可推知，Callahan整理學(xué)生的日常用語的目的在于讓老師更好地理解學(xué)生，從而改善師生關(guān)系，進而促進學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)，故選A。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——科學(xué)與技術(shù)——智能鍵盤[文章大意]研究人員發(fā)明了一種智能鍵盤，可以通過分析用戶的打字模式來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客。8．答案與解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞smartdevice定位到文章第二段的第一句“Researcherssaytheyhaveinventedalow-costdevice—asmartkeyboard.”，由此可知，價格便宜是這個智能鍵盤的特點，故A項正確。9．答案與解析：C考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞powered定位到第四段的第一句“Thedevicepowersitselfbygeneratingelectricitywhenaperson'sfingertipstouchthekeys,multi-layerplasticmaterials—pressingandlifting—whichcompletesanelectriccircuitwiththekeyboard.”，由此可知，這個智能鍵盤是靠人的指尖按下鍵(多層塑料材料)，然后再抬起，這樣電路就完成了，即該設(shè)備通過這種方式發(fā)電來給自己供電，故C項正確。10．答案與解析：A考查詞義猜測。上文提