Unit4ExploringliteratureGrammarandusage方紅梅Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.—TheEssaysofFrancisBacon(1597)byFrancisBacon讀史使人明智，讀詩使人靈秀，數(shù)學(xué)使人周密，科學(xué)使人深刻，倫理學(xué)使人莊重，邏輯修辭之學(xué)使人善辯。Lead-in1

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Howcanwechoosegoodbooks?Exploringtherules2

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Belowisawebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooks.Findthesentencesthatusemodalverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Workingouttherules3

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a,d,e,fExploringmoreabouttherules4

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Ability:can/beabletoAreyouabletorun1,500metresinfiveminutes?WillyoubeabletospeakEnglishfluentlyinfiveyears?Jimcould/couldn’trunfastwhenhewasyoung.Hewasabletodrivewhenhewasastudent.1.Wecanuse___________________toexpressabilityatpresent.2.Wecanuse___________________toexpressabilityinthefuture.3.Wecanuse_____________________toexpressabilityinthepast.canandis/am/areabletowill/shallbeabletocouldandwas/wereabletoWorkingouttherulesNecessity:must,havetoImustbookahotelformytripnextweek.Wehavetowearauniformatwork.—Mustwefinishourworktoday?—Yes,youmustfinishitasquicklyaspossible.(—No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.)Mustyouplaythepianoatsuchalatetime?It’smidnight.Mustyouspoileverything?Whymustyoualwaysbesosuspicious?1.Weuse_________whenwedecidesthatsomethingisnecessaryorneedstobedone;weuse_________whensomebodyelseotherthanushasmadethedecision.2.Toanswerthequestionintroducedbymust,weuse_________forapositiveanswer,and______________________foranegativeanswer.3._________canbeusedinquestionstotellsomeonethattheirbehaviourmakesusupsetorannoyed.

mustWorkingouttheruleshavetomustdon’thaveto/needn’tMustApplyingtherules5

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B1

Forthefollowinggroupsofthreesentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.√√√√2.must/need(1)You_________smokeinthehospital.Itisbadforthepatients.(2)We_________getuptooearlytomorrowmorning.won’tWillShallmustn’tneedn’t3.can/beableto(1)He_________swimacrosstheEnglishChannel,buthedidn’tfeellikeitthatday.(2)Mary_____________________playthepianosinceshewas5.4.should/oughtto(1)—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.—Well,you_________.(2)Don’taskme!How_________Iknow?(3)TryphoningMike—he_________behomebynow.couldcan/hasbeenabletoshould/oughttoshouldshouldTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.can’tbetoocarefultocan/maybenoisetoothers

hasto/shallwearaschooluniformwill/wouldneverdoB2

Belowisanentryinastudent’sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodalverbsinthebrackets.can’tmustcouldmustcanshouldoughttoshouldachievementisonaswill/canRecent(7)

_____________(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks(8)

_____________(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforawhile,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely(9)

_____________(bring)yourworkhome.It(10)

_____________beanything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,makesureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.studiesregularlytobringcould/canB3

Inpairs,makerulesforyourschoollibraryusingmodalverbs.Usethefollowingexamplestohelpyou.Bookscanenrichourlife.L