Unit2HealthyLifestyleⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·河南省TOP二十名校調(diào)研)Newdiscoveriesandtechnologicalbreakthroughsaremadeeveryyear.Yet,astheinformationindustrymovesforward,manypeopleinsocietyarelookingbacktotheirrootsintermsofthewaytheyeat.A“l(fā)ocavore”movementhasemergedintheUnitedStates.Themovementsupportseatingfoodsgrownlocallyandsustainably,ratherthanprepackagedfoodsshippedfromotherpartsoftheworld.Expertsholdthateatinglocalhasmanymerits,andisexpectedtobecomeatrendfeaturingsustainability.ErinBarnettisthedirectorofLocalHarvest,acompanythataimstohelpconnectpeopletofarmsintheirarea.Byeatinglocal,sheargues,peoplehaveabetterandmorepersonalunderstandingoftheimpacttheirfoodconsumptionhasontherestoftheworld.“Thereisawayofconnectingthepoint,whereeatinglocallyisanactthatraisesourawarenessofsustainableliving，”Barnettsays.TheUnitedStates’agriculturaloutputisoneofthehighestintheworld,saysTimothyBeach,aprofessorofgeographyandgeoscienceattheUniversityofTexasinAustin,Texas.“There'sjustnootherplaceonEarthwheretheamountofinputissoproductive，”BeachsaysofAmericanagriculture.“Nobodycancutoffthefoodweneed.”However,theUSfoodsystemisnotsustainablebecauseofitsdependencyonfossil(化石)fuels,saysBeach.Equipmentusedon“extremelyproductive”，farmsisquicklyconsumingEarth'snaturalresources,particularlyoil.Additionally,theproductionofagriculturalsupplements(補(bǔ)充劑),suchasfertilizer,useslargeamountsofenergy.Theworldhasusedclosetohalfoftheglobaloilsupply,Beachsays,andthesecondhalfwillbeconsumedatanevenfasterratebecauseofgrowingpopulationandeconomicdevelopment.Althoughmanybusinessesareexperimentingwithwind,solar,andbiofuel,Beachsaysthere'snothingthatweseeonthehorizonthatcanreplaceit.“ThereisnowayonEarthweareusingfossilfuelssustainably.Thenwehavetoreconsidertheimpactofeatinglocal，”hesays.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。隨著信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，美國(guó)卻興起了“土食者”運(yùn)動(dòng)，該運(yùn)動(dòng)支持食用在本土以可持續(xù)方式種植的食物，從而提高人們對(duì)可持續(xù)生活的意識(shí)。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“merits”inParagraph2probablymean？BA．Aspects. B．Advantages.C．Challenges. D．Explanations.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Byeatinglocal,sheargues,peoplehaveabetterandmorepersonalunderstandingoftheimpacttheirfoodconsumptionhasontherestoftheworld.(她認(rèn)為，通過(guò)食用本地食品，人們對(duì)自己的食品消費(fèi)對(duì)世界其他地區(qū)的影響有了更好、更深刻的了解。)”和“Thereisawayofconnectingthepoint,whereeatinglocallyisanactthatraisesourawarenessofsustainableliving(有一種方法可以將這一點(diǎn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，在這一點(diǎn)中本地飲食是一種提高我們可持續(xù)生活意識(shí)的行為)”可知，食用本地食品可以讓人們更好地了解自己的食品消費(fèi)所帶來(lái)的影響，還能夠幫助提高人們對(duì)可持續(xù)生活的意識(shí)，由此可推想出，食用本地食品有許多好處。merit意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，與B項(xiàng)“好處”意思最為接近。故選B。2．What'stheweaknessoftheagricultureintheUnitedStates？AA．Itconsumestoomanynaturalresources.B．Ithasarelativelylowagriculturaloutput.C．Largeequipmentisnotwidelyemployed.D．Agriculturalsupplementsaren'tavailable.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Equipmentusedon‘extremelyproductive’farmsisquicklyconsumingEarth'snaturalresources,particularlyoil.(在‘極其高產(chǎn)的’農(nóng)場(chǎng)上所運(yùn)用的設(shè)備正在快速消耗地球的自然資源，特別是石油。)”可知，美國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)的弱點(diǎn)是消耗了太多自然資源。故選A。3．What'sBeach'sviewonnaturalresources？AA．Dependencyonoilisandwillbeabigissue.B．Peoplewilluselessandlessoilinthefuture.C．Theuseoffossilfuelsfeaturessustainability.D．Therearebetterreplacementsforfossilfuels.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Theworldhasusedclosetohalfoftheglobaloilsupply,Beachsays,andthesecondhalfwillbeconsumedatanevenfasterratebecauseofgrowingpopulationandeconomicdevelopment.Althoughmanybusinessesareexperimentingwithwind,solar,andbiofuel,Beachsaysthere'snothingthatweseeonthehorizonthatcanreplaceit.(Beach說(shuō)，全世界已經(jīng)運(yùn)用了全球近一半的石油供應(yīng)，而由于人口的增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，下一半的石油將以更快的速度被消費(fèi)。盡管許多企業(yè)都在試驗(yàn)風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能和生物燃料，但Beach說(shuō)，我們目前看不到任何東西可以替代它。)”可知，Beach認(rèn)為全世界已經(jīng)運(yùn)用了將近一半的石油，而剩下的石油將消耗得更快，石油并不是可持續(xù)的，而且目前還沒(méi)有能代替它的東西，由此可推想出，隨著石油儲(chǔ)備降低，依靠石油會(huì)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。故選A。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？BA．ScientificWaystoEatLocalB．IsEatingLocalSustainable?C．EffortstoPromoteLocalFoodsD．AreLocalFoodsEnough?解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述了美國(guó)興起了“土食者”運(yùn)動(dòng)，該運(yùn)動(dòng)支持食用在本土以可持續(xù)方式種植的食物，食用本地食品可以提高人們對(duì)可持續(xù)生活的意識(shí)。再結(jié)合其次段中的“Expertsholdthateatinglocalhasmanymerits,andisexpectedtobecomeatrendfeaturingsustainability.(專家們認(rèn)為，食用本地食品有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并有望成為一種可持續(xù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。)”可知，本文主要圍繞食用本地食品和可持續(xù)綻開(kāi)，B項(xiàng)“食用本地食品是可持續(xù)的嗎？”最能概括本文。故選B。B(2024·哈爾濱市學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)檢)Haveyouheardaboutthesuggestionthatobesity(肥胖)shouldberecognizedasadisease？Thewidespreadviewisthatobesityiscausedbyoneselfandthatitisentirelytheindividual'sresponsibilitytodosomethingaboutit.YetProfessorJohnWildingpointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight,andthusbodyweightisstronglyinfluencedbybiology—itisnotanindividual'sfaultiftheydevelopobesity:“Recognizingobesityasadiseasewithseverecomplications(并發(fā)癥)ratherthanalifestylechoiceshouldhelpreducethestigma(恥辱)anddiscriminationexperiencedbymanypeoplewithobesity，”headds.ProfessorWildingdisagreesthatlabelingahighproportionofthepopulationashavingadiseaseremovespersonalresponsibilityormaybringmuchpressuretohealthservices,pointingoutthatothercommondiseases,suchashighbloodpressureanddiabetes,requirepeopletotakeactiontomanagetheircondition.Hesuggeststhatmostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.ButDr.RichardPile,aphysicianwithaspecialinterestindiabetes,arguesthatadoptingthisapproach“couldactuallyresultinworseoutcomesforindividualsandsociety”．Hebelievesthatthedictionarydefinitionofdiseaseisunclearsothatwecanclassifyalmostanythingasadiseaseandsaysthequestionisnotwhetherwecanbutwhetherweshould,andtowhatend.What'smore,makingobesityadisease“maynotbenefitpatients,butitwillbenefithealthcareprovidersandthepharmaceutical(制藥的)industrywhenhealthinsuranceandclinicalguidelinespromotetreatmentwithdrugsandsurgery，”hewarns.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文主要就“肥胖是一種病嗎？”綻開(kāi)了探討，并給出了兩位教授的看法。5．WhatdoesProfessorWildingargueaboutobesity？AA．Ithasmuchtodowithone'sgenes.B．Itresultsfromlackofself-control.C．Itshouldn'tbeconsideredasadisease.D．Itshouldbedefinedasadiseaseinadictionary.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“YetProfessorJohnWildingpointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight...itisnotanindividual'sfaultiftheydevelopobesity”可知，JohnWilding教授認(rèn)為肥胖與基因關(guān)系密切，并非個(gè)人行為所致。故選A。6．WhatistheideaofProfessorWildinginthesecondparagraph？BA．Lifestylechoicesdeterminethebodyweight.B．Obesepeoplemaytakeactionagainstseverecomplications.C．Obesitydiseasehasmuchincommonwithotherdiseases.D．Peopleshouldgivesympathytoobesepeople.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“pointingoutthat...mostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.”可以推斷，JohnWilding教授認(rèn)為肥胖的人應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行行動(dòng)以避開(kāi)引發(fā)其他并發(fā)癥。故選B。7．What'sDr.RichardPile'sattitudetowardsthesuggestion？DA．Approved. B．Neutral.C．Ambiguous. D．Opposed.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，RichardPile對(duì)將肥胖看作一種病的建議持反對(duì)看法。故選D。8．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthetext？AA．Bycriticalwriting.B．Byanalyzingthefindings.C．Byusingexamples.D．Bycitingthefacts.解析：推理推斷題。本文第一段提出肥胖是否應(yīng)被認(rèn)為是一種疾病這個(gè)話題，緊接著分別介紹了Wilding教授和Richard博士對(duì)此話題的觀點(diǎn)及各自給出的理由，故本文是通過(guò)批判性寫(xiě)作來(lái)綻開(kāi)文章脈絡(luò)的。故選A。C(2024·東北師大附中月考)Ofalltheproblemsthatpeoplefacetoday,depressionprovestobeoneofthehardesttopinpoint.Peopleoftensuffersecretly,notwantingtoadmittheirneedofprofessionalhelp.Theycontinuewiththeirnormalroutinesand,manytimes,unhealthyeatinghabits.Now,healthprofessionalsareactuallylinkingdietanddepressionandhavefoundsuccessinusingdiettotreatthedisorder.SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression.Theycarriedoutthestudyovera12-weekperiodandobserved67patientswithmoderatetoseveredepression.Fortheircontrolgroup,thepatientsreceivedsocialsupportratherthanswitchingtheireatinghabitstoawell-balanceddiet.Theotherpatientsthenreceiveddietarycounselingsessionswheretheywereadvisedtoeatadiethighinfruits,vegetables,andleanmeats.Afterthetrialperiod,over30percentofthepatientshadgoneintoremissionwiththeirdepression.Only8percentofthecontrolgroupactuallyexperiencedthissameimprovement.Thistrialhasgreatlyhelpedresearchersunderstandandbetterhelppatientssufferingfromdepression.MostAmericanstodaydonotassociatetheirdietanddepressiontogether.Nearly60percentofAmericanseatoverprocessedfoods.90percentofaddedsugarcomesfromtheseprocessedfoods.Forpeoplewithdepression,thisdietmightgiveashortenergyburst,butitwilleventuallycauseenergytosink,bringinghappymoodsdownwithit.Manypeoplealsolovecaffeine,drinkingmultiplecupseachday.Again,theyconsumeextrasugar.However,thecaffeinecanalsodisruptsleepandcauseanxiety.Inaddition,peoplewithdepressionmayhaveatendencytoturntoalcohol.Unfortunately,alcoholdepressesthecentralnervoussystem,whichwilldirectlyinfluenceaperson'smoodfortheworse,especiallythosedealingwithdepression.Accordingtotheresearch,dietanddepressiondogohandinhand.Thosesufferingfromdepressionshoulddoawaywithprocessedfoodsasmuchaspossible.Withafewsimplechangesinlifestyle,thesepatientscanimprovetheirmentalhealthandreturntonormalactivitieswithrenewedenergyandjoy.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講解并描述了飲食與抑郁之間的關(guān)系。9．Whatpreventspatientsfrombeingidentifiedaccordingtothepassage？AA．Theirreluctancetoaskfortreatment.B．Lackofprofessionalhelp.C．Unawarenessoftheirdietproblems.D．Inadequatesocialsupport.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Peopleoftensuffersecretly,notwantingtoadmittheirneedofprofessionalhelp.(人們常常暗自苦痛，不愿承認(rèn)他們須要專業(yè)幫助。)”可知，不愿承認(rèn)須要專業(yè)幫助，不愿尋求治療是阻礙患者被識(shí)別的緣由。故選A。10．WhatdoweknowaboutthestudyconductedatDeakinUniversity？DA．Thepatientsinthestudycamefromdifferentpartsoftheworld.B．Twogroupsweredividedonthebasisoftheirlevelsofdepression.C．Thecontrolgroupenjoyedabetterimprovementintheirmood.D．Thestudyhelpsresearchersfindabettertreatmentfordepression.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression.(澳大利亞維多利亞州迪肯高校的幾位探討人員和澳大利亞探討機(jī)構(gòu)起先評(píng)估飲食與抑郁之間的干脆聯(lián)系。)”和“Thistrialhasgreatlyhelpedresearchersunderstandandbetterhelppatientssufferingfromdepression.(這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)極大地幫助探討人員了解并更好地幫助抑郁癥患者。)”可推知，迪肯高校進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)探討幫助探討人員找到更好的治療抑郁癥的方法。故選D。11．Howdoprocessedfoodsinfluencethosedealingwithdepressionaccordingtothestudy？BA．Chemicalsinthemwillweakenpatients'centralnervoussystem.B．Addedsugarfromthemwillfinallylessenpatients'happiness.C．Theycanmakepatientsmorelikelytobeaddictedtoalcohol.D．Theywillreduceessentialmood-boostingnutrientsinpatients.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Nearly60percentofAmericanseatoverprocessedfoods.90percentofaddedsugarcomesfromtheseprocessedfoods.Forpeoplewithdepression,thisdietmightgiveashortenergyburst,butitwilleventuallycauseenergytosink,bringinghappymoodsdownwithit.(近60%的美國(guó)人過(guò)度食用加工食品。90%的添加糖來(lái)自這些加工食品。對(duì)于抑郁癥患者來(lái)說(shuō)，這種飲食方式可能會(huì)讓他們的精力短暫爆發(fā)，但最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致精力下降，快樂(lè)的心情也隨之下降。)”可知，90%的添加糖來(lái)自深加工食品，添加的糖分最終會(huì)降低患者的華蜜感。故選B。12．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？CA．WhatyouneedisjustarightdietB．Whatisyourdepressionkiller?C．Isyourdietmakingyoudepressed?D．It'stimetochangeyourlifestyle解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合文章其次段“SeveralresearchersandAustralianinstitutionsatDeakinUniversityinVictoria,Australia,setouttoevaluatethedirectlinkbetweendietanddepression(澳大利亞維多利亞州迪肯高校的幾位探討人員和澳大利亞探討機(jī)構(gòu)起先評(píng)估飲食與抑郁之間的干脆聯(lián)系。)”和最終一段“Accordingtotheresearch,dietanddepressiondogohandinhand.(依據(jù)這項(xiàng)探討，飲食和抑郁的確密切相關(guān)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了對(duì)飲食與抑郁之間是否有關(guān)聯(lián)的探討，C項(xiàng)“Isyourdietmakingyoudepressed？(你的飲食習(xí)慣讓你抑郁嗎？)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(2024·重慶市巴蜀中學(xué)月考)Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,itcanbechallengingtoprioritizeourhealth.However,maintainingahealthylifestyleisessentialforalongandfulfillinglife.1.E.1．Abalanceddietandregularexercisematter：Acornerstoneofahealthylifestyleisabalanceddiet.Eatingavarietyoffoodsfromallfoodgroupsensuresyougetthenecessarynutrients.Includeplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanproteins,andhealthyfatsinyourdailymeals.Limittheintakeofsugaryandprocessedfoods.2.D.Aimforatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityexerciseeachweek.Activitieslikewalking,swimming,orcyclingcanhelpmaintainahealthyweight,strengthenyourmuscles,andimproveyourcardiovascularhealth.2．3.B：Sleepiswhenourbodiesrepairandrecharge.Aimfor7—9hoursofqualitysleepeachnight.Lackofsleepcanleadtoarangeofhealthissues,includingimpairedcognitivefunctionandaweakenedimmunesystem.Itshouldalsobebroughttoyourattentionthatchronicstresscannegativelyimpactyourhealth.Practicestress-reductiontechniquessuchasmeditation,deepbreathingexercises,oryogatokeepstresslevelsincheck.3．Avoidharmfulhabitsanddoregularcheck-ups：4.F.Quittingsmokinganddrinkinginmoderationcansignificantlyimproveyouroverallwell-being.Inthemeantime,don'tneglectregularmedicalcheck-ups.Theycanhelpdetectandpreventhealthissuesearly,whentheyareeasiertomanage.Inconclusion,adoptingahealthylifestyleisalifelongcommitment.5.G.Remember,yourhealthisyourmostvaluableasset(資產(chǎn)),soinvestinitwisely.A．EmphasizehydrationandsocialconnectionsB．AdequatesleepandstressmanagementwillhelpC．Therefore,youshouldreallydoworkoutsregularlyD．Inaddition,physicalactivityiscrucialforgoodhealthE．HerearesomekeytipstohelpyoustayonthepathtowellnessF．SmokingandexcessivealcoholconsumptionarebadforyourhealthG．Bymakingsmall,sustainablechanges,youcanimproveyourselfsteadily語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：如何在繁忙的工作和生活中保持健康以及選擇健康的生活方式的三條建議。解析：1．考查段落末句。上文提到了要保持健康以及有一個(gè)健康的生活方式，此處選E最恰當(dāng)，承上啟下。故選E。2．考查上下文連接。本段小標(biāo)題為“Abalanceddietandregularexercisematter”?？崭袂霸谥v“abalanceddiet”，此處選D最恰當(dāng)，引出下文講exercise。故選D。3．考查段落大意，本段介紹了睡眠以及應(yīng)對(duì)壓力對(duì)健康的重要性，因此B項(xiàng)最符合。故選B。4．考查段落首句。本段標(biāo)題為“Avoidharmfulhabitsanddoregularcheck-ups”，因此第一部分應(yīng)當(dāng)講與不良習(xí)慣有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)最符合。故選F。5．考查上下文連接。本段對(duì)全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，健康無(wú)小事，但只要一步一個(gè)腳印，人人都可以養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，G項(xiàng)最符合。故選G。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·湖北省新高考協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)Researchhasrevealedsomeworrying1.trends(trend)inthewayyoungpeopleareleadingtheirlives.Badeatinghabitsareatthetopofthelist,2.withmanyyoungsterseatingtoomanyofthewrongthings.Healthexpertswarnthattheconsumptionoflargequantitiesofjunkfoodputschildrenindangerofbecomingobeseand3.developing(develop)serioushealthproblemslateroninlife.Thesit-downlifestyle4.led(lead)bychildrentodayisalsoamajorcauseforconcern.Moreover,the5bination(combine)oflackofexerciseandtoomucheating,witheatingtoomuchunhealthyfood,6.is(be)arecipefordisaster.Thereare,however,waysoftacklingtheseproblems.Forexample,youngstersand7.their(they)parentscanmakesuretheyhave8.abalanceddiet.Childrencouldjoinacluborsociety9.wheretheycouldmakenewfriendsandgetmoreexercise.Onethingisforsure—alifestyleofjunkfoodandlack