COUNTRIES

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REGIONSEconomicinequalityworldwideCHAPTER

01Overview20countrieswiththebiggestinequalityinincomedistributionworldwidein2023,basedontheGiniindexGiniIndex-countrieswiththebiggestinequalityinincomedistribution2023Ginicoefficient(0-100)300102040506070SouthAfricaNamibia6359.1ColombiaEswatini54.854.6BotswanaBrazil53.35251.551.3ZambiaAngolaMozambiqueZimbabweCongoRep.Panama50.550.349.848.948.3Guatemala4Description:SouthAfricahadthehighestinequalityinincomedistributionin2023withaGiniscoreof63.ItsSouthAfricanneighborNamibiafollowedinsecond.TheGinicoefficientmeasuresthedeviationofthedistributionofincome(orconsumption)amongindividualsorhouseholdswithinacountryfromaperfectlyequaldistribution.Avalueof0representsabsoluteequality,avalueof100absoluteinequality.Allthe20mostunequalcountriesintheworldwereeitherlocatedinAfricaorLatin[...]ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2010to2023*;Top20;*Accordingtothesource,thedatareferstothelatestnumberofthegivenperiod.Forallcountriesthatyearisbetween2010and2023.Countriesforwhichdataonlywasavailablebeforetheseyears[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):WorldBankShareoftheglobalwealthheldbytherichestpercentfrom2010to2022Shareoftheglobalwealthheldbytherichestpercent2010-202260%50.8%50%50.1%48.2%50%40%30%20%10%0%47.2%46.4%45.8%45.6%44.9%44.2%43.9%44.5%43.6%20102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120225Description:Closetohalfoftheworld'scollectedwealthbelongstotherichestonepercent.Theshareofglobalwealthownedbytherichestpercentincreasedfrom2010to2016,buthasfallenslightlybetween2016and2019.Nearlyonethirdoftheworld'sbillionairesresidesinNorthAmerica.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2010to2022;AdultsSource(s):CreditSuisse;UBSShareoftheglobalwealthheldbythepoorest50percentfrom2000to2022Shareoftheglobalwealthheldbythepoorest50percent2000-20222.1%2.0%1.9%1.8%1.94%1.91%1.89%1.88%1.84%1.82%1.79%1.73%1.67%1.66%1.66%1.7%1.61%1.6%1.58%1.57%1.57%1.56%1.53%1.6%1.5%1.52%1.51%1.51%1.51%

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20226Description:Thepooresthalfoftheworld'spopulationholdslessthantwopercentoftheglobalwealth.Thesharewasslowlyincreasinguntilthefinancialcrisisin2008/09,andthenagainupuntiltheCOVID-19pandemic.Bycomparison,therichestpercentholdsnearly50percentoftheglobalwealth.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2022;AdultpopulationSource(s):WorldInequalityLabDistributionofwealthworldwidein2022,byregionGlobalwealthdistribution2022,byregionWealthheldbyrichest10percent75.8%Wealthheldbypoorest50percent80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%75.7%74.5%69.9%61.7%69.2%69.3%68.6%65.5%60.4%5.4%5.3%3.3%Europe2.9%2.5%CentralAsia2.4%Oceania1.3%1.7%0.8%0.7%EastAsiaLatinAmerica

MiddleEast&

NorthAmericaNorthAfricaSouthAsia

South-EastAsia

Sub-SaharanAfrica7Description:In2022,LatinAmericaandtheMiddleEastandNorthAfricaweretheworldregionswiththelowestlevelofdistributionofwealthworldwide,withtherichesttenpercentholdingnearly76percentofthetotalwealth.Ontheotherhand,inEuropeandOceania,therichesttenpercentheldaround60percentofthewealth.EastandSouthAsiaweretheregionswherethepooresthalfofthepopulationheldthehighestshareofthewealth,butstillonlyjustabovefivepercent,underliningthehigh[...]ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2022;AdultpopulationSource(s):WorldInequalityLabShareofnetpersonalwealthheldbytherichest10percentcomparedtothepoorest50percentworldwidefrom1995to2022Shareofwealthheldbytherichest10percentworldwide1995-2022Top10percentBottom50percent90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%1995

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20228Description:Theworld'srichest10percentholdsmorethanthreequartersoftheworld'stotalwealth.Althoughtheirsharedecreasedbyaroundfivepercentagepointssince1995,thisunderlinesthemassivewealthinequalitiesexistingaroundtheworld.Bycomparison,thepooresthalfoftheworldpopulationholdslessthantwopercentofglobalwealth.The?richestpercentholdsmorethan40percentoftheglobalwealth.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;1980to2022Source(s):WorldInequalityLabGiniindexinG20countriesin2022GiniindexinG20countries2022GiniScoresbyCountry(0-100)300102040506070SouthAfrica(2014)Brazil(2021)6352.9Mexico(2020)Argentina(2021)Turkey(2019)UnitedStates(2020)China(2019)45.44241.939.738.237.9Indonesia(2022)Russia(2020)36India(2019)35.7Italy(2020)Australia(2018)Japan(2013)35.234.332.99Description:OutoftheG20countries,SouthAfrica,Brazil,andMexicohavethehighestlevelsofincomeinequalitywhileFrance,theRepublicofKorea,andGermanyhavethelowestlevelsofinequality.OtherG20countriesinthemiddlehaveGinicoefficientsbetween32.5and42.0.TheGinicoefficientmeasuresthelevelofincomeinequalityworldwide,whereahigherscoreindicatesahigherlevelofincomeinequality.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022ormostrecent;WorldBankandnationalgovermentestimatesSource(s):WorldBankMostimportantproblemsfacingtheworldasofMarch2024Mostworryingtopicsworldwide2024Shareofrespondents0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%InflationPovertyandsocialinequalityCrimeandviolenceUnemploymentFinancial/politicalcorruptionHealthcare35%30%30%27%26%22%Climatechange17%16%16%TaxesImmigrationcontrolEducation14%MoraldeclineMilitaryconflictbetweennationsMilitaryconflictbetweennations10%10%9%10Description:InflationwasthemostworryingtopicworldwideasofMarch2024,withmorethanonethirdoftherespondentschoosingthatoption.Povertyandsocialinequalityaswellascrimeandviolencerankedsecondat30percent.Moreover,followingRussia'sinvasionofUkraineandthewarinGaza,10percentoftherespondentswereworriedaboutmilitaryconflictbetweennations.OnlysevenpercentwereworriedabouttheCOVID-19pandemic,whichdominatedtheworldafteritsoutbreak[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;February23toMarch8,2024;23,761in29countries;16-74years*Source(s):IpsosCHAPTER

02WealthinequalityDistributionoftheglobalpopulationbywealthrangein2022Distributionoftheglobalpopulationbywealthrangein2022Morethan1millionU.S.dollars100,000to1millionU.S.dollars12%1.1%Lessthan10,000U.S.dollars52.5%10,000to100,000U.S.dollars34.4%12Description:Themassivewealthinequalityintheworldisunderpinnedbythischart:Whilejustaboveonepercentoftheworld'spopulationhadfortunesofmorethanonemillionU.S.dollarsin2022,morethanhalfoftheglobalpopulationhadatotalwealthoflessthan10,000U.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022;AdultsSource(s):CreditSuisse;UBSCountrieswiththehighestaveragewealthperadultworldwidein2022(inU.S.dollars)Countrieswiththehighestwealthperadult20220100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000SwitzerlandUnitedStatesAustralia685,226551,347496,719Denmark409,954NewZealandNorway388,761385,338382,957SingaporeCanada369,577358,235352,814NetherlandsBelgiumFrance312,235302,783296,800UnitedKingdomSweden13Description:In2022,Switzerlandledtherankingofcountrieswiththehighestaveragewealthperadult,withapproximately685,000U.S.dollarsperperson.TheUnitedStateswasrankedsecondwithanaveragewealthofaround550,000U.S.dollarsperadult,followedbyAustralia.However,thefiguresdonotshowtheactualdistributionofwealth.TheGiniindexshowswealthdisparitiesincountriesworldwide.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022;atcurrentexchangeratesSource(s):CreditSuisse;UBSNumberofpeoplebelongingtotheglobaltop1percentofwealthholders*in2022,bycountry(in1,000s)Ultrahighnetworthindividuals:populationofglobal1percent2022,bycountryNumberofpeopleinthousands10,00005,00015,00020,00025,000UnitedStatesChina21,0375,583France2,4832,4092,3462,227JapanGermanyUnitedKingdomCanada1,8021,6321,1821,106AustraliaItalySouthKorea14Description:Over21millionindividualsresidingintheUnitedStatesbelongedtotheglobaltoponepercentofultrahighnetworthindividualsworldwidein2022.Chinarankedsecond,withoverfivemilliontoponepercentwealthholdersglobally.Francefollowedinthird.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022;*Thesourceprovidesthefollowinginformation:apersonneedsatleast1,055,338U.S.dollarsofnetworthtobeamemberofthetop1%.

ReadmoreSource(s):CreditSuisse;UBSGlobalwealthdistributionin2022,bynetworthofindividuals(inmillions)Worldwidewealthdistributionbynetworthofindividuals2022Numberofadultsinmillions05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,000Over1million100,000to1million10,000to100,000Lessthan10,00059.46421,8442,81815Description:In2022,roughly2.82billionadultsworldwidehadanetworthoflessthan10,000U.S.dollars.Bycomparison,69.4millionadultshadanetworthofmorethanonemillionU.S.dollarsinthesameyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):CreditSuisseGlobalmedianwealthfrom2000to2022,byregion(in1,000smoothedU.S.dollars)Globalmedianwealth2000-2022,byregionAfricaAsia-PacificChinaEuropeIndiaLatinAmericaNorthAmerica120100806040200200020052010201520202021202216Description:ThehighestmedianwealthworldwidewasfoundinNorthAmericain2022,reachingamedianlevelofnearly110,000U.S.dollars.Notably,themedianwealthinChinagrewfrom3.2dollarsin2000toover30,000dollarsin2022,underliningthecountry'sremarkableeconomicgrowthoverthepastdecades.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2022Source(s):CreditSuisseGlobalmedianwealthinselectedcountriesin2022(in1,000smoothedU.S.dollars)Globalmedianwealth2022,bycountryMedianwealthinthousandsmoothedU.S.dollars050100150200250300AustraliaBelgium268.9264HongKongSARSwitzerlandUnitedKingdomFrance210.5173.9165.3145.6143.9CanadaJapanNetherlandsTaiwan124.3120.3117.6ItalySpain117.4116UnitedStates107.817Description:In2022,Australiahadthehighestmedianwealthworldwideofthecountriesincluded,reachingnearly270,000U.S.dollars.BelgiumandHongKongfollowedbehind.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):CreditSuisseShareofthenationalwealthheldbytherichestpercentinselectedcountriesworldwidein2022Shareofnationalwealthheldbytherichestpercent2022,bycountryShareofnationalwealth0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50%55%BrazilIndia48.4%41%UnitedStatesChina(mainland)GermanyTaiwan34.2%31.1%30%26.4%Canada24.3%Italy23.1%23.1%22.4%21.7%21.2%20.7%SouthKoreaSpainAustraliaFranceUnitedKingdomJapan18.8%18Description:InBrazil,therichestpercentholdsnearlyhalfofthecountry'stotalwealth,indicatingahighlevelofinequalityintheLatinAmericancountry.Meanwhile,inJapan,therichestpercentheldlessthan20percentofthetotalwealth.Worldwide,SouthAfricahadthehighestGiniindex,ameasureofincomedistribution.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):CreditSuisse;UBSCHAPTER

03IncomeinequalityShareofpre-taxnationalincomeheldbytherichest10percentcomparedtothepoorest50percentworldwidefrom1980to2022Shareofincomeheldbytherichest10percentworldwide1980-2022Top10percentBottom50percent70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%20Description:Globalincomeishighlyunequallydivided.Whiletherichest10percentearnedmorethanhalfofthepre-taxnationalincomeworldwide,thebottomhalfearnedonlyeightpercent.Globalwealthisevenmoreunequallydivided.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;1980to2022Source(s):WorldInequalityLabCountrieswiththehighestaverageincomeorwealthperadultworldwidein2022(in

euros)Countrieswiththehighestaverageincomeworldwide2022Averageincomeperadultin40,000

60,000euros020,00080,000100,000120,000BermudaIsleofManQatarSingapore100,713.3583,827.1381,296.6375,302.2772,146.7371,271.6568,664.9668,023.8162,218.5460,625.0658,513.44IrelandBruneiDarussalamNorwayUnitedArabEmiratesLuxembourgSaudiArabiaUnitedStatesSwitzerlandKuwait57,628.3656,577.421Description:Bermudahasthehighestaverageincomeperadultintheworld,reachingover100,000euroswhenaccountingforpurchasingpowerparity(IsleofManandQatarfollowedbehind.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):WorldInequalityLabCountrieswiththelowestaverageincomeorwealthperadultworldwidein2022(in

euros)Countrieswiththelowestaverageincomeworldwide2022Averageincomeperadultineuros05001,000

1,5002,0002,5003,000YemenSouthSudanBurundi1,130.951,179.211,203.68CentralAfricanRepublicSomalia1,598.61,877.51,888.731,929.41DRCongoMozambiqueMadagascarAfghanistanLiberia2,103.92,151.832,191.02NigerMalawi2,434.052,454.23Erirea2,496.1822Description:Withonly1,100eurosafteraccountingforpurchasingpowerparity(Note(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):WorldInequalityLabYemenhadthelowestaverageincomeperadultworldwidein2022.However,mostofthecountriesonthelistarelocatedinSub-SaharanAfrica.

ReadmoreAverageincomeorwealthperadultinG20countriesin2022(ineuros)AverageincomeinG20countries2022Averageincomeperadultin30,000euros010,00020,00040,00050,00060,00070,000ArgentinaAustraliaBrazil19,780.6643,275.2915,497.23CanadaChina41,909.1119,329FranceGermanyIndia40,593.4443,882.328,017.37IndonesiaItaly12,786.3133,660.4232,387.68JapanMexicoRussia18,885.5523,929.8823Description:SaudiArabiahadthehighestaverageincomeperadultoftheG20intermsofpurchasingpowerparity(in2022.Itwasalsothecountrywiththe10thhighestaverageincomeworldwidethatyear.Meanwhile,Indiarecordedthelowestaverageincomeat8,000euros.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):WorldInequalityLabShareofincomereceivedbythetopquintiledividedbytheshareofthefirstquintileinOECDcountriesin2021,bycountryQuintileshareratioinOECDcountries2021,bycountryShareofincomereceivedbythetopquintiledividedbytheshareofthefirst0%2%4%6%8%10%12%14%Australia**Austria5.4%4.3%BelgiumCanada3.7%4.7%Chile***CostaRica***Czechia10.5%11.7%3.5%Estonia5.3%Finland4.2%France4.7%Germany**Greece4.9%5.5%Hungary4.3%24Description:InCostaRicaandChile,thetopquintileearnedover10percentoftheincomeearnedbythefirstquintile,indicatingahighlevelofincomeinequality.Meanwhile,thelowestquintileshareratiowasfoundinSlovakiaatthreepercent.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,OECD;2020to2022;18-65years;*Provisionalfigure.

**Numbersfrom2020.

***Numbersfrom2022.

ReadmoreSource(s):OECDPovertygapinOECDcountriesbasedondisposableincomein2021,bycountryPovertygapinOECDcountriesbasedondisposableincome2021,bycountryPovertygapbasedondisposableincome15%

20%

25%0%5%10%30%35%40%45%RomaniaUnitedStates*,***UnitedKingdomCostaRica***Latvia42.7%38.6%36.2%35.9%35.8%Norway34.9%Mexico**Chile***HungaryItalyLithuaniaBulgariaEstonia34.2%34.1%34.1%34.1%34.1%34.1%33.8%25Description:RomaniawastheOECDcountrywiththehighestpovertygapin2021.ThepovertygapintheSouth-EasternEuropeancountrywasover40percentagepoints.TheUnitedStatesfollowedbehind,whereasBelgiumhadthelowestgapat23percentagepoints.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,OECD;2020to2022;18-65years;*Provisionalfigure.

**Numbersfrom2020.

***Numbersfrom2022.

Thepovertygapissetat60percentofthemedianationaldisposableincome.Thepovertygapistheratiobywhichthe[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):OECDPovertyratesinOECDcountriesasof2022PovertyratesinOECDcountries2022Percentageofpopulation0%5%10%15%20%25%Australia**Austria*12.6%9.8%Belgium*7.8%Bulgaria*Canada*CostaRicaCzechRepublic*Denmark***Estonia*16.5%16.3%10.5%21%6.4%6.5%Finland*6.7%France*8.5%Germany**Greece*11.6%11.7%26Description:OutofallOECDcountries,CostRicahadthehighestpovertyrateasof2022,atover20percent.ThecountrywiththesecondhighestpovertyratewastheUnitedStates,with18percent.Ontheotherendofthescale,Czechiahadthelowestpovertyrateat6.4percent,followedbyDenmark.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022orlatestavailableSource(s):OECDCHAPTER

04TaxesAveragetaxesonwealthinOECDandnon-OECDcountriesasashareofGDPin2019and2020,bycountryincomelevelTaxesonwealthworldwide2019-2020,bycountryincomelevel7%6%5%4%5.89%3.11%3%2%1%0%1.74%0.69%Low-incomecountriesLower-middle-incomecountriesUpper-middle-incomecountriesCountryincomelevelHigh-incomecountries28Description:Theshareofastate'srevenuesacquiredbywealthtaxesishigherinhigher-incomeandupper-middle-incomecountriesthaninlower-middle-incomeandlow-incomecountries.Numbersfrom2019and2020showthatnearlysixpercentofstaterevenuesinhigh-incomecountriescamefromwealthtax,withonly0.7percentofstaterevenuesinlow-incomecountriesdoingthesame.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,OECD;2019Source(s):OECD;OxfamAveragedistributionoftaxrevenuesinOECDandnon-OECDcountriesin2019,bytypeoftaxDistributionoftaxrevenuesworldwide2019,bytypeOthertaxes1%Corporateincometax14%Wealthtaxes4%VATandotherconsumptiontaxes44%Personalincometax19%Payrolltaxes18%29Description:BetweenDecember2019and2021,thetoponepercentofearnersaccumulated63percentofallnewwealthworldwide.Despitethis,onlyfourpercentoftheaveragetaxrevenuesof33OECD-and55non-OECDmembersin2019camefromwealthtaxes.ThelargestshareoftaxrevenuescamefromVATandotherconsumptiontaxes,whilenearly20percentwerepersonalincometaxes.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,OECD;2019Source(s):CreditSuisse;OxfamMarginaltoppersonalincometaxrateworldwidefromthe1980stopresentday,byregionMarginaltoppersonalincometaxrateworldwide1980s-2020s,byregionAfrica****LatinAmerica***Asia**OECD*65%60%55%50%45%40%35%30%25%20%1980s1990s2000s2010sPresentday30Description:Themarginaltoppersonalincometax(PIT)ratefellworldwidesincethe1980s.InAsia,forinstance,thetopPITratewas60percentinthe1980s,comparedtoonlyhalfofthatduringthemostrecentperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;1980to2021;*Latestdatafrom2021.

**Latestdatafrom2015.

***Latestdatafrom2016.

****Latestdatafrom2019.

ReadmoreSource(s):ODI;OECD;Oxfam;UNESCAPEstimatedrevenue-raisingpotentialofanetwealthtax(NWT)inIndia,Nigeria,theUnitedStatesandFrancefrom2019to2021,comparedtoestimatedcurrenttaxrevenue(inbillionU.S.dollars)*Potentialrevenueofwealthtaxinselectedcountriesworldwide2019-2021EstimatetNWTrevenueEstimatedcurrenttaxrevenue7,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00006,2101,327.4445.9240.434.72.132.244.2IndiaNigeriaUnitedStatesFrance31Description:IftheUnitedStatesimplementedanetwealthtaxoffivepercentonwealthoveronebillionU.S.dollars,andtwopercentonwealthbetweenfivemillionandonebillionU.S.dollars,itisestimatedthatthecountrycouldaddanother446billiondollarstoitsnationalbudget.Thisequalsoversevenpercentoftheestimatedcurrenttaxrevenues.Bycomparison,itisestimatedthatasimilarwealthtaxinIndiawouldadd14percentofitscurrenttaxrevenuetothenationalbudget.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2019to2021;*TheestimatesweremadeusingacalculationwherewealthofoveronebillionU.S.dollarswastaxedfivepercent,andwealthbetweenfivemillionandonebillionU.S.dollarswastaxedtwopercent.

ReadmoreSource(s):Forbes;Oxfam;Wealth-XTaxrevenueasashareofgrossdomesticproductworldwidein2021,bycountryTaxrevenueasashareofGDPworldwide2021,bycountryShareofGDP25%0%5%10%15%20%30%35%40%45%50%DenmarkFrance47.43%45.17%AustriaFinland43.28%43.17%SwedenBelgiumNorway42.67%42.52%42.45%42.36%ItalyGreece39.36%39.32%39.19%GermanyNetherlandsLuxembourgSlovenia38.4%37.94%32Description:Lookingatnationaltaxrevenuesasashareofthegrossdomesticproduct(GDP)in126countriesandterritoriesworldwide,DenmarkhadthehighestrevenueasashareofitsnationalGDP,withalmosthalfofitsGDPcomingfromtaxes.InEquatorialGuinea,ontheother,ontheotherhand,onlysixpercentofthenationalGDPcamefromtaxes.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021;*Includes29countries.

**Includes33countries.ReadmoreSource(s):OECDTaxesonincome,profits,andcapitalgainsasashareoftotaltaxrevenuesworldwidein2021,bycountryIncometaxrevenueasashareoftotaltaxrevenuesworldwide2021,bycountryShareoftotaltaxrevenue30%0%10%20%40%50%60%70%AntiguaandBarbudaArgentinaArmeniaAustraliaAustria10.46%17.47%36.86%61.51%29.51%BahamasBarbadosBelgium0%27.67%35.7%Belize21.65%Bhutan62.36%Bolivia12.09%BotswanaBrazil62.56%23.97%33Description:Taxesonincome,profits,andcapitalgainsasashareoftotaltaxrevenuesvarysignificantlyfromcountrytocountry.Forinstance,inTimor-Leste,85percentofthecountry'stotaltaxrevenuescamefromthesetypesoftaxes,whereasinVanuatuandtheBahamas,withnoincometaxes,theratewaszero.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021Source(s):OECDOpinionofadultsintheUnitedStatesonwhetherbillionairesshouldpayawealthtaxtoreduceinequalityin2020U.S.adultsonwhetherbillionairesshouldpayawealthtax202080%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%67%33%Billionairesshouldbetargetedandhavetopayawealthtaxaspartofthe

Billionairesshouldnotbetargetedandhavetopayawealthtaxaspartofthesolutiontowealthinequality

solutiontowealthinequalityastherearebetterapproachestothisproblem34Description:Inasurveyconductedinearly2020,67percentofadultsintheUnitedStatesbelievedthatbillionairesshouldbetargetedandhavetopayawealthtaxaspartofthesolutiontowealthinequality.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;February23to24,2020;1,037respondents;18yearsandolder;registeredvotersSource(s):HarrisPoll;TheHillCHAPTER

05GenderShareofincomeintheworldearnedbywomenfrom2000to2019Shareofincomeintheworldearnedbywomen2000-201935.5%35.0%35.1%34.8%34.67%34.53%34.42%34.5%34.2%

34.22%

34.22%34.16%34.13%34.1%34.0%33.55%33.52%33.5%33.24%32.92%32.91%32.85%33.0%32.53%32.34%32.5%32.0%

31.78%31.5%31.0%2000

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201936Description:Since2000,theshareoftheworld'stotallaborincomebeforetaxearnedbywomenincreasedgradually,fromaround32percentin2000to35percentin2019.However,thisisstillsignificantlylessthantheirmalecounterparts,andsince2009,theshareonlyincreasedbyonepercentagepoint.Therearealsodifferencesbetweentheworldregions.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2019;Adultpopulation,pre-taxlaborincomeSource(s):WorldInequalityLabShareofincomeintheworldheldbywomenin2019,byregionShareofincomeintheworldearnedbywomen2019,byregion45%39.3%38.8%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%35.6%35.1%34.1%33%29%14.6%0%EastAsiaEuropeLatinAmericaMiddleEast&NorthAfricaNorthAmericaOceaniaSub-SaharanAfricaWorld37Description:Acrossthewholeworld,womenearnlessthanmen.Worldwide,theyearn35percentoftotalincomebeforetax.However,therearestrikingregionaldifferences;whereasfemaleworkersinEuropeandNorthAmericaearnnearly40percentofthetotalincome,womenintheMiddleEastandNorthAfricaearnlessthan15percentofit.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2019;Adultpopulation,pre-taxlaborincomeSource(s):WorldInequalityLabGlobalgenderpaygapfrom2015to2023(inU.S.dollars)Globalgenderpaygap2015-2023ControlledUncontrolled1.21.00.80.60.40.20.00.990.990.980.980.980.980.980.970.970.830.820.820.820.810.790.780.760.7520152016201720182019202020212022202338Description:Thedifferencebetweentheearningsofwomenandmenshrunkslightlyoverthepastyears.Consideringthecontrolledgenderpaygap,whichmeasuresthemediansalaryformenandwomenwiththesamejobandqualifications,womenearnedoneU.S.centless.Bycomparison,theuncontrolledgenderpaygapmeasuresthemediansalaryforallmenandallwomenacrossallsectorsandindustriesandregardlessoflocationandqualification.In2023,theuncontrolledgenderpaygapin[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2015to2023Source(s):PayScaleGenderpaygapinOECDcountriesasof2021GenderpaygapinOECDcountries2021Percentagedifference0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%KoreaRepublicIsrael**31.06%24.32%Latvia23.95%JapanCyprusEstonia22.11%21.13%20.43%UnitedStatesUSA17.65%16.86%16.11%15.98%15.05%CanadaFinland*FranceUnitedKingdomGermany*14.35%14.2%39Description:Asof2021,BelgiumisthecountrywiththemostequalpaybetweenthegendersofOECDcountries.Thegenderpaygapwasat1.17percent.SouthKorea,ontheotherhand,isthecountrywiththehighestgenderpaygapoftheOECDcountrieswitha31percentdifferencebetweenthegenders.Thegenderpaygapdisplaysthedifferencebetwe