16選擇性必修第四冊暑期學習成果階段檢測卷英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthefilmmuseum?A．Itisbeingbuilt. B．Itisamodernbuilding. C．Itstandsinthecitycenter.【答案】B【原文】M:Thefilmmuseumisoneofthemostmodernbuildingsinthatcity,isn’tit?W:Yes.Itwasdesignedbyaveryfamousexpert.2．Whatisthewomandoingthere?A．Writingastory. B．Readingastory. C．Writingareport.【答案】A【原文】M:WhatareyoudoinginNewYork?W:I’mwritingastoryforYES!Magazine.3．Whatdidthespeakersdo?A．Theytookphotos. B．Theyreportedastorm. C．Theycleanedthepark.【答案】C【原文】M:That’sfantastic!Severalreporterstookphotosthroughouttheevent.It’sgreattogetsomuchcoverageofourcharity’sefforts.W:Exactly.Nowalloftherubbishfromthestormhasbeenremovedfromthepark.Ourteamhasbeenworkinghard.4．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Themanhastoleave. B．Sheoffersanotheroption. C．Shecan’tmakeit.【答案】B【原文】M:IamcallingtoreservetheroomfromDecembertwentiethtoDecembertwentysixth.W:Sorry,thatisChristmasseasonbutifyoudon’tmindchangingroomsmidwaythroughyourstay,wecouldworksomethingout.5．Whatisthemangoingtodo?A．Checkin. B．Takearest. C．Haveameal.【答案】B【原文】W:Mr.Shaw,welebacktotheOrionHotel.Therestaurant’sjustopenedfordinnerservice.ShallIarrangeatableforyou?M:No,thanks.I’lljusttakemyroomkey.It’sbeenareallylongday!W:Certainly.Callmeifyouwantanydrinks.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Whydidthewomancallthemanlastevening?A．Tomakeanappointment. B．Tocancelanappointment. C．Torescheduleanappointment.7．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnTuesday. B．OnWednesday. C．OnThursday.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Goodmorning.IhaveaninterviewscheduledwithMr.Blackfor2o’clock.It’sforanarticleI’mwritingfornextweek’seditionofTheAddingtonChronicle.W:Oh,yes.Thatmeansyou’reMr.Woods.Iactuallygaveyouacalllastevening.M:Oh,really?Ididn’tnoticethat.W:That’sallright.IcalledtosaythatMr.Blackhadtocanceltheinterview.HehadtoattendanurgentboardmeetingatourmainofficeinDallas.M:Really?That’stoobad.CouldIpossiblyreschedule?W:Certainly.He’llbebacktomorrownight.Wouldthefollowingday—that’sThursdayat10a.m.beOKwithyou?M:That’sgreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．WhatdoesGraceaskJacktodo?A．Fixthecopymachine.B．Attendastaffmeeting.C．Photocopysomedocuments,9．WhatdoweknowabouttheMarpleoffice?A．Itisnotfaraway. B．Itisarepairshop. C．Itisthemeetingroom.10．WhatdoesJackagreetodo?A．Repairthemachinesoon.B．Receivemoretraining.C．GototheofficeinMarple.【答案】8．C9．A10．C【原文】W:Goodmorning,Jack.Canyouphotocopythesereportsforme,please?Ineedthemforthestaffmeetingtomorrowmorning.M:Hi,Grace.Unfortunately,thecopymachineisoutoforder.Therepairmanissupposedtobeingthisafternoontolookafterit,butthisisthesecondtimeithasbrokendowninthepasttwoweeks,soitmaynotbefixable.W:Oh,man!WouldyoubeabletoruntoourofficeinMarple?Itisonlyatenminutedrive.IjustneedtomakesureIampreparedforthismeeting.M:Yeah,Icandothat.IactuallydidmytrainingattheMarpleoffice,soIamfamiliarwithit.Icanleaverightnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11．Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A．Repairherlaptop. B．Prepareareport. C．Haveaninterview.12．Whatisthetopicofthewoman'spresentation?A．Adevelopmentplan. B．Atechnologyresearch. C．Aresearchingsubject.13．Whatmightthewomanworryabout?A．Herlaptopmightnotwork.B．Shemightfeeltoonervous.C．Sheisn'tsureofwhattosay.【答案】11．C12．A13．A【原文】M:Youwillhaveaninterviewforapromotiontomorrow,right?W:Yes,9:30inthemorning.Ifinallygotmypresentationreadylastnight.M:Good!Theinterviewisofgreatimportance,soit’sbettertogetfullyprepared.W:Yeah.Ijusthopenothinggoeswrongwiththelaptoptomorrow.M:Yes,technologyhelpsusalotnowadaysbutthatdepends.Howaboutspeakinginfrontofpeople?Haveyoudoneapresentationbefore?W:Acoupleoftimes.I’llbenervousforsure,butonceIgetstarted,I’llbeOK.M:Bytheway,what’syourpresentationabout?W:It’salongtermdevelopmentplanofourdepartmentandI’vespentagesresearchingthesubject,soI’llhaveplentytotalkabout.M:Goodluck!I’msureyou’llmakeit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14．Whatistheman’sjobabout?A．Observingtheplanets. B．Doingresearchinspace. C．Teachingothersknowledge.15．Whatisthemanlookingattoday?A．Mars. B．Venus. C．TheMoon.16．Wherewillthewomanhavelunch?A．Attheman’soffice. B．Atacafé. C．Atherhome.17．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Gohome. B．Usethetelescope C．Havelunch.【答案】14．A15．C16．B17．B【原文】W:Whatdoyouthinkwhenyoulookthroughyourtelescope?M:Well,Ithinkaboutmyjob,whichistolookintospace,lookatplanetsanddiscoverwhatknowledgetheyoffer.W:Yes,butwhatareyourprivatethoughtsaboutwhatyousee?M:Thatisagoodquestion.Whatisyourname?W:Jenny.M:Well,Jenny,evenafteraquarterofacenturyinthisjob,IamstillfilledwithwonderwhenIlookatplanetsandstars.W:Doyouwonderwhetherthereislifethere?M:Itdepends.WhenIlookatMars,VenusortheplanetIamviewingtoday,theMoon,Iamprettysurethereisnothinglivingthere.Furtheraway…well,maybe.W:Atmyschool,wehadapetitiontodrawwhatwethoughtaspacecreaturewouldlooklike.M:Haha.Thatisfun,aslongasitdoesn’tscareyoutoomuch.Becausethefactis,scientistsandexplorershaveneverfoundevidencethatsuchthingsexist.W:Oh,Isee.M:So,Jenny,whatwillyouandyourfriendsbedoingnext?Goingbacktoschool,orgoinghome?W:Ithinkwearegoingtohaveourlunchatthecafehere.M:Wouldyouliketolookthroughmytelescopebeforeyougo?W:Ooh,yesplease.聽下面一段獨白,

回答以下小題。18．WhatdoweknowabouttheBurjKhalifa?A．Itisanancientmanmadebuilding.B．Itisthetallestmanmadebuilding.C．ItislocatedintheUnitedStates.19．HowlongdidittaketobuildtheBurjKhalifa?A．Fiveyears. B．Sevenyears. C．Nineyears.20．Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A．VisittheinsideoftheBurjKhalifa.B．Gotoanotherscenicspot.C．Takeabreak.【答案】18．B19．A20．A【原文】W:Youarestandinginfrontofthetallestmanmadestructureintheworld,theBurjKhalifa.Itreachesaheightof828meters.Constructionbeganin2004andwasfinallyfinishedin2009.Oneyearlater,itwasofficiallyopenedandremainsthemostfamousbuildinginthemainbusinessdistrict.ItwasdesignedbyamannamedAdrianSmith,whoalsoactedasthearchitectforotherfamousbuildingsaroundtheworldincountrieslikeSaudiArabia,theUnitedStatesandChina.TheburjKhalifa'schiefengineerwasBillBakerandwiththehelpofthousandsofworkersfromsouthAsia,theyachievedtheimpossible.Itistrulyawonderofengineering.Thereareatotalofahundredandsixtytwofloorsinthetower.Thearmanihoteloccupiesfifteenofitsfloorsandhas304rooms.Therearerestaurants,swimmingpools,panyoffices,observationdecksandevenamall.Theonlythingmoreamazingthanstaringupatthisstructureisexperiencingitfromtheinside.Followme.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ANorthRimtoreopenonJune2withlimitedservicesavailableNewsReleaseDate:May17,2023Contact:Jo?lleBaird,9286063154GrandCanyon,ArizTheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.Alandslidefromwinterstormsdestroyedmorethan300feetoftheNorthRimwaterpipeline.VisitorServicesTheGrandCanyonLodgewilloperatedayuseserviceswithlimitedfoodandbeverageservicebeginningonJune2.NoovernightacmodationswillbeavailableuntilatleastJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimCampground,managedbytheNationalParkService,willoperateasscheduledbeginningonJune9withpotabledrinkingwaterandtoiletsavailable.ThepubliclaundryandshowerfacilitieswillnotbeopenatleastthroughJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.VisitorsexploringtheNorthRimthissummershouldbeselfsufficientandshouldbringadequatefoodandwaterforthedayasservicesarelimitedandmaybesubjecttochange.Nearby,acmodatingisavailableattheKaibabLodgeandfoodservicesandfuelattheNorthRimCountryStore.Yearroundacmodating,foodservicesandfuelarelocated45milesnorthoftheNorthRimatJacobLake.Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.ThereisatrailclosureineffectontheNorthKaibabTrailanditwillofficiallyreopenonJune16,2023.21．Whichwasnotaffectedandopensasusual?A．Thepubliclaundry. B．TheGrandCanyonLodge.C．TheNorthKaibabTrail. D．TheNorthRimVisitorCenter.22．WhatcanwelearnabouttheNorthKaibabTrailfromthetext?A．Itoffersfoodservice. B．ItisaroundJacobLake.C．Itisunderrepairnow. D．Itopensalltheyeararound.23．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Towarnvisitorsoftheoninglandslide.B．Toinformvisitorsofschedulesofsomeattractions.C．ToappealtomorevisitorstotheGrandCanyonNationalPark.D．ToadvertisetheproductsoftheGrandCanyonNationalPark.【答案】21．D22．C23．B【導語】本文為一篇應用文，主要介紹了美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.(北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會的書店照常營業(yè)，每天早上8點到下午6點，提供各種護林員項目)”可知，北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會里的書店照常開放，沒有調(diào)整。故選D。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.(由于冬季大量的巖崩和山體滑坡，北凱巴布步道的道路修復工作仍在繼續(xù))”可知，北凱巴布步道的修復工作仍在繼續(xù)。故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)GrandCanyon,Ariz下“TheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.(大峽谷國家公園北緣將于6月2日如期開放，但由于北緣輸水管道斷裂，游客服務受到限制，并采取了節(jié)約用水的措施)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文寫作目的是為了告訴游客美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整。故選B。BSixyearoldAmarLalwasneverconcernedwithwhatyear,month,weekordayitwas.Hisroutinewasthesame.Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.Asthecoloursoftheskychangedfrombluetoorangetoblack,thefamilywouldbreakstones.Needlesstosay,schoolwasadistantdreamaswaspermanenthousing.Butonedayin2001,Lal’sdestinychangedwhenNobelPrizewinnerKailashSatyarthipaidavisittothequarry.Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.Ashortconversationlater,SatyarthihadconvincedLal’sparentsthattheirchildwasmeantforgreaterthings.“IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.Hisparentswereinterestedbythis“angel”whoassuredthemthatabetterworldlayoutsidethisquarry—aworldwheretheirchildrencouldplay,laughandlearn.TheydecidedtotrustSatyarthi.Andseveraldayslater,LalwenttoSatyarthi’scentreforchildren.ThusbeganLal’ssecondchapteroflife.“MyeducationatSatyarthi’scentretaughtmethatchildlabourisaseriousproblemandchildrenaroundIndiaaresubjectedtocrueltyunderthebannerof‘work’.IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.”SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.24．HowwasLal’slifebeforemeetingSatyarthi?A．Heworkedasalabourer. B．Heledafortablelife.C．Hewasabusedinthefamily. D．Helikedtoobservethesky.25．WhoisSatyarthimostlikelytobe?A．Anadvocateforchildren’srights. B．Anownerofabigquarry.C．ANobelPrizewinnerinmedicine. D．Anexpertinchildren’sbehavior.26．HowmightLal’sparentsreacttoSatyarthi’squestion?A．Theyfeltannoyed. B．Theywereconfused.C．Theyfeltunhappy. D．Theyweredisappointed.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLal?A．Gratefulandgenerous. B．Reliableanddetermined.C．Ambitiousandmodest. D．Luckyandresponsible.【答案】24．A25．A26．B27．D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了幼小的 AmarLal在采石場干活時幸運地遇到“拯救童年運動”的倡導者KailashSatyarthi，從此開始了新的生活并在長大后同Satyarthi一起對兒童進行救援行動。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.(每天早上，這家人都會收拾好行李，從一個采石場搬到另一個采石場，開始一天的工作)”可知，Lal每天和家人一起在采石場做苦工。故選A。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.(Lal回憶起2001年那個災難性的日子，當時Satyarthi正在他的村子里組織一場集會——“拯救童年運動”的一部分教育游行——拉爾說，Satyarthi發(fā)現(xiàn)他扛著沉重的石頭)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實際援助，反過來又給更多的孩子帶來希望)”可推知，Satyarthi最有可能是反童工運動的活動家，兒童權(quán)益的倡導者。故選A。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.(“我清楚地記得Satyarthi提問我父母我是否上學。但我的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都沒有上過學。他們不解地看著他，因為我們只知道游牧的生活方式。工作是我們唯一被教導要做的事情，”27歲的律師Lal分享道)”可推知，當Satyarthi問到他們的孩子是否上學時，Lal的父母是感到困惑的。故選B。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.(我真的很感激，我得到了一個機會，開始成千上萬的孩子夢想的新生活。我想給其他孩子同樣的東西)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實際援助，反過來又給更多的孩子帶來希望)”可知，Lal認為自己是幸運的，而且他大學畢業(yè)后積極幫助救援更多的兒童，由此判斷他也是有社會責任感的。故選D。CRollandandAdelineareproudparentstoninebeautifulchildren.Theiryoungesttwo,daughterLanto,andson,Rindra,werebothbornwithcleftlip(唇裂)conditions.InMadagascar,manyfamilieshaveneverseenacleftlipbefore,soit’saconditionoftengreetedwithfearandmisfortuneinsomeruralmunities.However,thenewsofLantoandRindra’scleftlipwasn’tmuchofashockforRollandandAdelinebecauseRolland’scousin—amaninhisfifties—hadlivedhisentireadultlifewithanuntreatedcleftlip.Althoughseeingarelativewithacleftlipmeantthefamilyweren’tfearfulofthecondition,theyknewthenegativeimpactanuntreatedcleftlipcanhaveonaperson’shealthandlife.Asalllovingparentswould,RollandandAdelinewantedabetterfuturefortheirchildren.RollandheardanadvertisementontheradioaboutanOperationSmilesurgicalprogrammeinAntsirabe,Madagascar.FindingoutthatRindraandLantocouldhavethecleftlipsurgerytheyneeded,forfree,wasadreamforthefamily.UnlikehereintheUK,healthservicesaren’tfreeinmanypartsoftheworld,andthecostsoftreatment—oreventravellingtoreachmedicalfacilities—areoutofreachformostfamilies.WhenRollandandhischildrenarrivedatthepatientvillage,theyweresurprisedtoseesomanyotherfamiliesinthesameposition.Afterathoroughmedicalevaluationbymedicalvolunteers,Lantowasfoundtobefitenoughforsurgery,andlatergotthenewsmileherparentshaddreamedofforher.But,foryoungerbrotherRindra,thejourneytoanewsmilewouldtakealittlelonger.OperationSmilehasprovidedhundredsofthousandsofsafesurgeriesforchildrenwithcleftlipconditionsworldwide.Formoreinformationaboutourworkortofindouthowyoucanhelp,visit.28．WhatdomostpeoplethinkofcleftlipinMadagascar?A．Itisincurable. B．Itisnormal. C．Itisunavoidable. D．Itisunlucky.29．Whatkeptthecouplefrombeingscaredoftheirchildren’ssituation?A．Theirrelative’sexperience. B．Theirchildren’ssmile.C．Theirlovefortheirchildren. D．Theadvertisementtheysaw.30．Whatshouldbedonejustbeforedecidingonthesurgeryaccordingtothetext?A．Payingforthesurgery. B．Stayinginhospital.C．Havingahealthcheck. D．Seekingforadoctor.31．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheinformationinthelastparagraph?A．Fordonations. B．Forcopyright. C．Formitment. D．Forclarification.【答案】28．D29．A30．C31．A【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了一對夫婦為患有唇裂的孩子求醫(yī)，帶著他們參加“微笑行動”免費醫(yī)療活動，并成功完成手術的故事。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“InMadagascar,manyfamilieshaveneverseenacleftlipbefore,soit’saconditionoftengreetedwithfearandmisfortuneinsomeruralmunities.(在馬達加斯加，許多家庭以前從未見過唇裂，所以在一些農(nóng)村社區(qū)，這種情況經(jīng)常伴隨著恐懼和不幸)”可知，在馬達加斯加，人們認為唇裂是不幸的。故選D。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,thenewsofLantoandRindra’scleftlipwasn’tmuchofashockforRollandandAdelinebecauseRolland’scousin—amaninhisfifties—hadlivedhisentireadultlifewithanuntreatedcleftlip.(然而，蘭托和林德拉唇裂的消息對羅蘭和艾德琳來說并沒有太大的震驚，因為羅蘭的表弟——一個50多歲的男人——成年后一直患有未治療的唇裂)”可知，羅蘭和艾德琳這對夫婦不是很害怕唇裂，因為他們的親戚也有類似的經(jīng)歷。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Afterathoroughmedicalevaluationbymedicalvolunteers,Lantowasfoundtobefitenoughforsurgery,andlatergotthenewsmileherparentshaddreamedofforher.(經(jīng)過醫(yī)療志愿者的全面醫(yī)療評估，蘭托被發(fā)現(xiàn)適合做手術，后來她得到了父母夢寐以求的新笑容)”可推知，確定手術之前要進行全面的醫(yī)療檢查和評估。故選C。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“OperationSmilehasprovidedhundredsofthousandsofsafesurgeriesforchildrenwithcleftlipconditionsworldwide.Formoreinformationaboutourworkortofindouthowyoucanhelp,visit.(“微笑行動”已經(jīng)為全世界成千上萬的唇裂兒童提供了安全的手術。有關我們工作的更多信息或如何提供幫助，請訪問)”可知，文章最后一段的信息是為了給“微笑行動”免費醫(yī)療活動尋求更多的捐贈。故選A。DEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脫水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.What’smore,it’stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!Researchofthiskindisgroundbreaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”32．WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?A．Togrowmoretrees.B．Toprotectplantdiversity.C．Toreducetreelosses.D．Topredictforestdisappearance.33．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?A．Itstheoreticalbasis.B．Itskeyprocedures.C．Itsscientificevidence.D．Itsusualdifficulties.34．Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?A．Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.B．Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.C．Theircells’shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.D．Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.35．WhyistheresearchgroundbreakingaccordingtoBerenstain?A．Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.B．Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.C．Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.D．Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.【答案】32．C33．B34．A35．D【導語】本文是新聞報道。文章主要介紹麻省理工學院的研究人員為了減少樹木損失而進行的一項研究。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.(每年，全世界因砍伐樹木而損失約1000萬公頃森林，面積相當于冰島的大小。按照這個速度，一些科學家預測世界森林可能在100到200年內(nèi)消失。為了解決這個問題，麻省理工學院（MIT）的研究人員開創(chuàng)了一種在實驗室中生成類似木材的植物材料的技術。這使得在不砍伐樹木的情況下“種植”木制品成為可能。)”可知，麻省理工學院的研究人員進行這項研究是為了減少樹木損失。故選C。33．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脫水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.(在實驗室里，研究人員首先從一株年輕植物的葉子上提取細胞。這些細胞在液體培養(yǎng)基中培養(yǎng)兩天，然后轉(zhuǎn)移到另一種含有營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和兩種不同激素的培養(yǎng)基中。通過調(diào)節(jié)激素水平，研究人員可以調(diào)節(jié)細胞的物理和機械質(zhì)量。接下來，研究人員使用3D打印機對基于細胞的材料進行成型，并讓成型材料在黑暗中生長三個月。最后，研究人員將材料脫水，然后評估其質(zhì)量。)”可知，這一段主要介紹研究的過程。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.

(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，較低的激素水平會使植物材料的細胞更圓、更開放、密度更低，而較高的激素水平有助于細胞結(jié)構(gòu)更小但密度更大的植物材料的生長。更低或更高密度的細胞結(jié)構(gòu)使植物材料更柔軟或更堅硬，有助于材料生長出不同的類木特征。)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明激素水平會影響它們的剛性。故選A。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Researchofthiskindisgroundbreaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”(這類研究具有開創(chuàng)性意義。首席研究員JeffreyBerenstain說：“這項工作展示了一項技術的巨大力量。這里真正的機會是在你使用什么以及如何使用它方面達到最佳狀態(tài)。這項技術可以進行調(diào)整，以滿足你對形狀、尺寸、剛度和形式的要求。它使我們能夠以傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)方法無法實現(xiàn)的方式‘種植’木產(chǎn)品。”)”可知，在JeffreyBerenstain看來，這項技術之所以具有開創(chuàng)性意義是因為它徹底改變了木制產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)方式。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Apaidinternship(帶薪實習)isajobofteninyourchosenfieldofworkthatoffersasalaryandisbinedwithtraininginyourfield.Paidinternshipsaremonforcollegestudents,whomayworkparttimeduringtheschoolyearandfulltimeduringthevacation.Thedurationoftheinternshipisnotfixed.36Sometimes,itcanlastforayearortwoasknowledgeincreases.Certainfieldsmayrequirethatyouobtaininternshipexperienceinadvancebeforegettingalicense.37Studentsmightseekoutpaidinternshipstoincreasetheirchancesofgettinghiredintheirchosencareer.Afewpaidinternshipsmaybepletelyunrelatedtojobsyoumightwanttobeinbutareattractivebecausethey’refunorhaveflexiblescheduling.38Theyallowyoutomakesomemoneywhilelearningmoreaboutthejobsyoumightlaterapplyfor.Inaddition,engaginginapaidinternshipallowsyoutoestablishconnectionswithprofessionalsandpeerswithinyourindustry.Thesenetworkingopportunitiescanproveinvaluableinthefuture.Someworkopportunitiesareknownaspartiallypaidinternships.Thesetypicallyofferastipend(生活津貼)orafixedandregularpaymentthatislessthanastandardsalary.Stipendsrangegreatlyandmayincludehousingaspartoftheiroffer.39Paidinternshipshavethepotentialtoleadtopermanentemployment.40Becausethetransitionfromaninterntoafulltimeemployeedependsonseveralaspects,includingtheintern’sperformance,organizationalneeds,andtheavailabilityofsuitablepositions.A．Notallinternshipsarepaid.B．However,thisouteisnotguaranteed.C．Therearemanyadvantagesofpaidinternships.D．Usuallythemoneyoffersjustenoughtoliveon.E．Itcanbeofshortduration,lastingonlyseveralmonths.F．Thisismonintheteachingfieldandmanyscientificfields.G．Moreover,paidinternshipstendtoattractabroaderpoolofapplicants.【答案】36．E37．F38．C39．D40．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論的是“帶薪實習”的概念、特點、對大學生的好處，以及它如何成為進入職場的一種途徑。36．空前“Thedurationoftheinternshipisnotfixed.(實習時間不固定。)”說明了實習的時間長度不固定，空后“Sometimes,itcanlastforayearortwoasknowledgeincreases.(有時，隨著知識的增長，這種情況可能會持續(xù)一兩年。)”說明實習可能會持續(xù)一兩年，這是比較長的情況，空格處應該說短的話會持續(xù)多久，E選項“Itcanbeofshortduration,lastingonlyseveralmonths.(它的持續(xù)時間可能很短，僅持續(xù)幾個月。)”說明了實習期有時候只持續(xù)幾個月，是短的情況，因此E選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。37．空前“Certainfieldsmayrequirethatyouobtaininternshipexperienceinadvancebeforegetting