2016.05CATTI三筆實務真題(附參考譯文)Section1English-ChineseTranslationOldpeopleinThiengolysaytheycanrememberwhenthereweresomanytreesthatyoucouldn’tseetheskyNowmilesofreddishbrownsandsurroundthisvillageinnorthwesternSenegal,dottedwithoccasionalbushesandtrees.Driedanimaldungisscatteredeverywhere,buthardlyanydriedgrassis.OvergrazingandclimatechangearethemajorcausesoftheSahara’sadvance,saidGillesBoetsch,ananthropologistwhodirectsateamofFrenchscientistsworkingwithSenegaleseresearchersintheregion.“ThelocalPeulpeopleareherders,oftennomadic.Butthepressureoftheherdsonthelandhasbecometoogreat,”Mr.Boetschsaidinaninterview.“Thevegetationcan’tregenerateitself.”Since2008,however,Senegalhasbeenfightingbackagainsttheencroachingdesert.Eachyearithasplantedsometwomillionseedlingtreesalonga545-kilometer,or340-mile,ribbonoflandthatisthecountry’ssegmentofamajorpan-Africanregenerationproject,theGreatGreenWall.Firstproposedin2005,theprogramlinksSenegaland10otherSaharanstatesinanalliancetoplanta15kilometer-wide,7,100-kilometer-longgreenbelttofendoffthedesert.Whilemanycountrieshavestilltostartontheirsectionsofthebarrier,Senegalhastakenthelead,withthecreationofaNationalAgencyfortheGreatGreenWall“Thissemi-aridregionisbecominglessandlesshabitable.Wewanttomakeitpossibleforpeopletocontinuetolivehere,”Col.PapSarr,theagency’stechnicaldirector,saidinaninterviewhere.ColonelSarrhasforgedworkingalliancesbetweenSenegaleseresearchersandtheFrenchteamheadedbyMr.Boetsch,infieldsasvariedassoilmicrobiology,ecology,medicineandanthropology.“InSenegalwehopetoexperimentwithdifferentwaysofdoingthingsthatwillbenefittheothercountriesastheybecomemoreactive,”thecolonelsaid.Eachyearsince2008,fromMaytoJune,about400peopleareemployedineightnurseries,choosingandoverseeinggerminationofseedsandtendingtheseedlingsuntiltheyarereadyforplanting.InAugust,1,000peoplearemobilizedtoplantoutrowsofseedlings,about2millionplants,allowingthemafulltwomonthsoftherainyseasontotakerootbeforethelong,dryseasonsetsin.Aftertheirfirstdryseason,thesaplingslookdead,browntwigsstickingoutofholesintheground,but80percentsurvive.Sixyearson,treesplantedin2008areuptothreemeters,or10feet,tall.Sofarhectaresoraboutacreshavebeenplanted,including4,000hectaresthissummer.Therearealreadydiscernibleimpactsonthemicroclimate,saidJean-LucPeiry,aphysicalgeographyprofessorattheUniversitéBlaisePascalinClermont-Ferrand,France,whohasplaced30sensorstorecordtemperaturesinsomeplantedparcels.“Preliminaryresultsshowthatclumpsoffourtoeightsmalltreescanhaveanimportantimpactontemperature,”ProfessorPeirysaidinaninterview.“Thetranspirationofthetreescreatesamicroclimatethatmoderatesdailytemperatureextremes.”“Thetreesalsohaveanimportantroleinslowingthesoilerosioncausedbythewind,reducingthedust,andactinglikealargeroughdoormat,haltingthesand-ladenwindsfromtheSahara,”headded.ldlifeisrespondingtothechangesMigratorybirdsarereappearingMrBoetschsaidTheprojectuseseightgroundwaterpumpingstationsbuiltin1954,beforeSenegalachieveditsindependencefromFrancein1960.Thepumpsfillgiantbasinsthatprovidewaterforanimals,treenurseriesandgardenswherefruitandvegetablesaregrown.Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation是一醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革與發(fā)展的任務十分艱巨。Section1參考譯文過度放牧和氣候變化是導致撒哈拉沙漠擴張的主要原因，人類學家吉勒思·波特舍這樣說道，的樹苗都會存活。6年之后，這些2008年栽下的樹苗已經(jīng)長到了3米之高(約10英寸)。的結(jié)果顯示4至8棵樹組成的樹叢能對溫度產(chǎn)生重要影響，”派瑞教授在一次采訪中說道。這阻斷從撒哈拉刮來的滿是沙子的大風”他補充說道。野生動物因這些變化而改變了行為。波樹的Section2參考譯文Goodhealthisaprerequisiteforpromotingall-rounddevelopmentoftheperson.Anditisacommonpursuitofhumansocietiestoimprovepeople'shealthandensuretheirrighttomedicalcare.ForChina,alargedevelopingcountry,medicalandhealthcareisofvitalimportancetoitspopulationofover1.3billion,andisamajorissueconcerningitspeople'swellbeing.Chinapaysgreatattentiontoprotectingandimprovingitspeople'shealth.AstheConstitutionstipulates,"Thestatedevelopsmedicalandhealthservices,promotesmodernmedicineandtraditionalChinesemedicine...,allfortheprotectionofthepeople'shealth."Overtheyears,ChinahasworkedhardtodevelopitsmedicalandhealthserviceswithChinesecharacteristicsinaccordancewiththepolicyof"makingruralareasthefocusofourwork,puttingdiseasepreventionfirst,supportingbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,relyingonscience,technologyandeducation,andmobilizingthewholeofsocietytojointheefforts,improvingthepeople'shealthandservingsocialistmodernization."Thankstounremittingeffortsthathavebeenmade,medicalandhealthcaresystemscoveringbothurbanandruralresidentshavetakenshape,thecapabilitiesofdiseasepreventionandcontrolhavebeenenhanced,thecoverageofmedicalinsurancehasexpanded,continuousprogresshasbeenmadeinmedicalscienceandtechnology