人教版（2019）必修二Unit5MusicDiscoveringUsefulStructuresExpressfeelingsanddescribesituationsBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.graspthemeaningofthepastparticiplesasthepredicative;2.graspmeaningandfunctionofthepastparticiplesastheadverbial;3.usethepastparticiplesasthepredicativeandtheadverbialtocompleterelatedexercises.LearningobjectivesInspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Whatroledothepastparticiplesinthesesentences?EricWhitacrewasexcitedwhenhewinedanaward.Let’sdiscuss.pastparticipleasthepredicativepastparticipleastheadverbialLead-in1.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Lookatthefollowingsentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.Findmoreoftheminthetext.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthepastparticiplesanditsrelatednounsinthesesentences?Passiverelationship.Whatroledothepastparticiplesinthesesentences?Thepastparticiplesareastheadverbialinthesesentences.Howtochangethemintoadverbialclauses?WhenhewasbornintheUSAon2January1970,...Whenhewasmovedbythismusic,...PresentationRewritethestoryusingpastparticiplesastheadverbial.EXAMPLETheSilverHallisusuallyusedforsingingperformancesandisfullofcheersand

energy.→Usuallyusedforsingingperformances,

theSilverHallisfullofcheersandenergy.Highlyinterestedinmusic,

Henrybegan

towriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.Pleasedwithhismusicandsongs,

theyfinallyinvitedhimtoperformin

theSilverHall.1.Henrywashighlyinterestedinmusicandbegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhe

wasinhighschool.2.TheywerepleasedwithhismusicandsongsandfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.3.Thoughhewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.Rewritethestoryusingpastparticiplesastheadverbial.Thoughaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.4.Whenhegotabsorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.Absorbed

inhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.Tips:samesubjectpassivevoicePastparticiplesasthepredicative1.

語法意義：過去分詞作表語時(shí)，過去分詞與句子的主語往往是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即句子主語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。此時(shí)，過去分詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)，多位于系動(dòng)詞之后，這些系動(dòng)詞有be，remain，feel，look，seem，become等。有些過去分詞，如excited，pleased，worried，tired，unemployed等已看作形容詞。Anhourafterthematch,thekidsremained

excited.比賽（結(jié)束）一小時(shí)后，孩子們?nèi)匀缓芘d奮。Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewas

satisfiedwiththegifts.她臉上的微笑表明她對(duì)這些禮物很滿意。2.

過去分詞作表語時(shí)VS被動(dòng)語態(tài)過去分詞作表語時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài)；動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Thelibraryisnowclosed．圖書館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。（狀態(tài)）Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。（動(dòng)作）3.

感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語VS感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。Wewereamazedatwhathesaidatthemeeting．我們對(duì)他在會(huì)上講的話很是驚訝。Hiswordswerediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged．他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。Pastparticiplesastheadverbial1.

語法意義：過去分詞作狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一步說明謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的背景或狀況。（1）從語態(tài)上講，此時(shí)的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義，即分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Encouragedbywhattheteachersaid,thestudentdecidedtoworkevenharder.在老師的話的鼓勵(lì)下，那名學(xué)生決定更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。（2）從時(shí)間上講，此時(shí)的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)作的完成。Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentothehospital.由于傷勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，他必須被送到醫(yī)院。2.

句法功能：（1）作時(shí)間狀語過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when，while或after等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。Left(=Whenitwasleft)toitselfintheroom,thebabybegantocry.當(dāng)被獨(dú)自留在房間里時(shí)，嬰兒哭了起來。（2）作原因狀語作原因狀語時(shí)，一般置于句首，相當(dāng)于as，since，because等引導(dǎo)的從句。Choked(=Becausehewaschoked)bytheheavysmoke,hecouldhardlybreathe.他被濃煙嗆到了，幾乎不能呼吸了。（3）作條件狀語作條件狀語時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if，once或unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。Grown(=Iftheyaregrown)inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果被種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快。（4）作讓步狀語作讓步狀語時(shí)，一般放在句首，有時(shí)也放在句末，可轉(zhuǎn)換為although，though或evenif等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。Invited(=ThoughIwasinvited)byhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.即使被他邀請(qǐng)，我也不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。（5）作方式/伴隨狀語過去分詞作伴隨狀語時(shí)，通常放在句末；作方式狀語時(shí)，一般放在句末，有時(shí)也放在句首。作方式狀語或伴隨狀語時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved(=andshewasdeeplymoved).她接受了禮物，被深深地感動(dòng)了。Theteacherenteredthelab,followedbyhisstudents(=andwasfollowedbyhisstudents).老師進(jìn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)室，后面跟著他的學(xué)生。3.

源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)的過去分詞作狀語：有些過去分詞（短語）因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞（短語）常見的有：lost

(迷路)，seated

(坐)，hidden

(躲)，lost

/

absorbedin

(沉溺于)，dressedin

(穿著)，tiredof

(厭煩)。Lost/Absorbedinthought,hedidn’thearthebell．由于陷入沉思之中，他沒有聽到鈴聲。Dressedinawhiteblazerandjeans,Cochran,31,wasflankedbygraduatestudents.31歲的科克倫，穿著夾克上衣和牛仔褲，站在自己研究生的旁邊。4.

過去分詞作狀語的注意事項(xiàng)：（1）過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語，否則要用狀語從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（“名詞/代詞+過去分詞”），有時(shí)也可用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。Givenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.若給我們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我們會(huì)令世界驚奇。Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.=Whentheirhomeworkhadbeenfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.=Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.他們的家庭作業(yè)完成后，孩子們就出去玩了。（2）過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，可根據(jù)需要在其前面加上while，when，before，after，since，until，once，though，although，unless，asif，asthough，evenif，eventhough等詞或短語。Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.這些英語單詞很容易被忘記，除非不斷重復(fù)（記憶）。When

askedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.當(dāng)被問到為什么來這里時(shí)，那個(gè)女孩沉默不語。Thismachineisverycomplicated.Once

takenapart,itcanhardlybeputtogetheragain.這臺(tái)機(jī)器非常復(fù)雜。一旦被拆開，幾乎不可能再裝起來。Matchthesentencehalvesandrewriteeachsentencebeginningwithapastparticiple.1.Theroomhadbeenpaintedindarkcolours2.Davewasunemployed3.Thegirlwasmovedbyhisromanticwords4.Hewascorrectedbyhisteacherfromtime

totime5.Thealbumwasrecordedinanewway6.HewasinvitedtoperformonthestageA

sohehadtimetoconsiderwhatjob

hereallywanted.B

sohefeltnervousandexcited.C

soitwasexpectedtobepopular

withtechnofans.D

sosheacceptedhisgift.E

soitneededsomebrightlights.F

sohelostinterestinsinging.Practice2.Unemployed,Davehadtimetoconsiderwhatjobhereallywanted.1.

Paintedindarkcolours,theroom

neededsomebrightlights.3.Movedbyhisromanticwords,thegirlacceptedhisgift.4.Correctedbyhisteacherfromtimetotime,helostinterestinsinging.5.Recordedinanewway,thealbumwasexpectedtobepopularwithtechnofans.6.Invitedtoperformonthestage,hefeltnervousandexcited.Matchthesentencehalvesandrewriteeachsentencebeginningwithapastparticiple.Completethesesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.1._____(give)someadvicebyafamousmusician,theyoungsingerwasnot_______(worry)

about

his

performanceanymore.2.Thousandsof_______(excite)fanswelcomedthe________(respect)songwriter.3.The_______(alarm)passengers

rushedtohelpthe_______(injure)woman.4.__________(move)bythe

peacefulmusic,hedecidedtostudy

classicalmusicinuniversity.5.________(form)bysome

teenagers,thebandsoonbecame

popularamongstudents

________(interest)inhip-hop.6.Thetopofthemountainis_______(cover)withsnowformostoftheyear.7.Thosegoodolddaysare______(go)forever!GivenworriedexcitedrespectedalarmedinjuredinterestedMovedFormedcoveredgoneWorkbookCompletethesesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinitalics.1.ItisimportanttospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible,butitfrightensmany

students.__________tospeakinfrontofsomanypeople,theymissalotofchancesforimprovement.Frightened2.Greatpeoplearestronglyinfluential

(有影響力的)._________bytheirbeliefsandqualities,wearetryingtomakeadifference.

3.Itwasalong,tiringclimb.Very______,

Islidintobedand

fellfastasleepthatnight.4.Thankyouforsharingyournewsong

withus.Once______withthepublic,it

provedtobewonderful.5.Theycamefromallovertheworldforone

performance._________bysomanytop

musicians,thesongsoundeddifferentthis

time.InfluencedtiredsharedPerformedWorkbookTranslatethesentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsandphrasesinbrackets.1.這個(gè)現(xiàn)象令科學(xué)家吃驚，他們立即對(duì)其展開調(diào)查研究。（phenomenon）Surprisedbythephenomenon,thescientistsstartedtoinvestigateintoitatonce.2.看到兒子的重病被醫(yī)生治好了，這位媽媽臉上露出了釋然的微笑。（cure,

relief）Themotherworeasmileofreliefafterseeinghersicksonfinallycuredbythedoctors.3.父母應(yīng)該讓孩子的內(nèi)心平靜而充實(shí)。（soul）Parentsshouldhelptheirchildtohaveapeacefulandcontentedsoul.Believeitornot,beautifulmusicwrittenbygreatmusicianscanhelponecalmdownandgetthroughhardtimesmoreeasily.4.信不信由你！偉大音樂家創(chuàng)作的美好音樂，可以讓一個(gè)人內(nèi)心平靜，從而更容易度過一段艱難時(shí)期。（getthrough）WorkbookCompletethepassagewiththewordsinbracketsintheircorrectforms.Wellknownasasuccessfulband,theImpactmembersshowquiteafewstrikingqualities.They

neverevergiveup.

When

___________(question)bythemedia,theyarenot

___________(discourage)andpractiseevenharder.Theyareimprovingthemselvesbyattendingseveral

mastertrainingclasses.

Theyareunited.

____________(fillwith)teamspirit,theyactasa

whole,alwaysaimingforglory.questioneddiscouragedFilledwithProductionReadandcompletetheconversationaboutamusicfestivalwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Linda:

HiGeorge!Howwasthemusic

festival?George:Itwasinteresting.Wewere_______(amaze)tohear

somanytypesofmusic!Linda:

Didittakeyoulongtogettothe

festival?George:

No,itwasOK.Wewere________(worry)aboutheavytraffic,

soweleftalittleearlier,andtheroadswereclear.Linda:

Whatdidyouenjoymostatthe

festival?George:Definitelytheperformance_____(give)

bymyfavouritehip-hopartist!________(attract)bythechancetoseehimperformlive,

Iwenttothemusicfestivaleventhoughitwasstillexamseason!Linda:

Hemustbegreat.George:Yes.He’savery_______(talent)musician._________(influence)byhisgrandmotherwhowasanoperasinger,hismusicisreallysomethingdifferent.Linda:

Cool,Ishouldcheckouthismusic

sometime!amazedworriedgivenAttractedtalentedInfluencedWorkbookWordsandExpressionsWhenhegotabsorbed

inhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.

(P54)

當(dāng)他沉浸在他的音樂世界里時(shí)，他覺得好像能“看到”周圍世界的美，就像他在（失明）之前的生活中那樣。absorbedinsth/sb被……吸引?。粚Ｐ闹轮?/p>

例句Thewriterwassoabsorbedinhiswritingthatheforgottoclosethewindowswhenthewindwaspickingup.這位作家全神貫注地寫作，以至于風(fēng)越刮越大時(shí)忘了關(guān)窗戶。Absorbedinlisteningtomusic,Johndidn’tnoticeeveninga