專題03閱讀理解（2023年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題,計(jì)20分）第一節(jié):閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料,從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能回答所提問(wèn)題或完成所給句子的一個(gè)最佳答案。（共10小題,計(jì)15分）ALiNaisamiddleschoolstudent.Lastterm,whileshewaswatchingaclothingshowonTV,akindoftraditionalclothescalledhanfucaughthereye.Howshewishedtohaveherownhanfu!Shetoldhermotherthatshewantedone.Hermomthoughtforawhileandsaid,“Youcanhaveoneifyoumakeprogressbytheendofthisterm.”Shefeltdisappointed（失望的）butdecidedtomakeit.Afterthat,shestudiedharderthanbefore.Whenevershefaceddifficulties,shetriedherbesttosolvethem.Sometimesshethoughtaboutgivingup,butshefoughton.Then,inthefinalexam,shemadegreatprogress.Andhermomwashappywithher.Finally,the“big”daycame.Whenshegothomeoneafternoon,shesawabeautifulbigboxonthetable:“Wow,hanfu!”Herwishcametrue.OnasunnySaturday,LiNaworeherownhanfutoaparkwithherfamily.There,alotofpeoplewereattractedbyherclothesincludingsomeforeignchildren.LiNaintroducedhanfutothemproudly.Shetoldthemthathanfu—asymbolofChineseculture,isgettingmoreandmorepopular.Thatday,sheenjoyedthebeautyofhanfuandexperiencedthetraditionalculture.Lookingbackatthepastdays,shethinksshehasgotalotmorethanthenewclothes.Wheneversheseeshanfu,itremindsherthathardworkcanhelppeoplegetwhattheywant.21.WhendidLiNawatchtheclothingshow?A.Lastyear. B.Lastterm. C.Lastmonth. D.Lastweek.22.WhatdidLiNadoatthepark?A.Sheintroducedhanfutothepeople. B.Shetookpartinahanfushow.C.Sheaskedhermomforhanfu. D.Shehelpedforeignchildrenputonhanfu.23.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat________.A.shehasgotabeautifulbigboxandhanfuB.besideshanfu,shehasmademoreforeignfriendsC.shehasreceivedmoregiftsfromhermomincludinghanfuD.shehasgothanfu,differentexperiencesandfeelings【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了中學(xué)生李娜很喜歡漢服，并向別人介紹漢服，同時(shí)她體驗(yàn)了漢服傳統(tǒng)文化?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lastterm,whileshewaswatchingaclothingshowonTV”可知上學(xué)期她在電視上看了服裝秀。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LiNaintroducedhanfutothemproudly.”可知李娜在公園里向人們介紹漢服，故選A?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Lookingbackatthepastdays,shethinksshehasgotalotmorethanthenewclothes.Wheneversheseeshanfu,itremindsherthathardworkcanhelppeoplegetwhattheywant.”（回顧過(guò)去的日子，她覺(jué)得她得到的不僅僅是新衣服。每當(dāng)她看到漢服，它就提醒她，努力工作可以幫助人們得到他們想要的。）可知此句是指李娜回顧過(guò)去的日子，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有漢服，有不同的經(jīng)歷和感受。故選D。BChemistryisusuallythoughttobemoredifficultthanothersubjects,atleastforthebeginners.Therearesomereasonsforthisidea.Foronething,chemistryhasaveryspecializedvocabulary（學(xué)科專用語(yǔ)匯）.Atfirst,studyingchemistryislikelearninganewlanguage.Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.However,withhardworkandcarefulstudy,youcanfinishthissubjectsuccessfully—andevenenjoyit.Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:●Firstly,attendclassesontime.Listentoyourteacherandtakecarefulnotesinclass.Ifpossible,alwaysreviewthetopicsyoulearninclass,andreviewyournotesonthesameday.●Secondly,thinkcarefullywhetheryoureallyunderstandthemeaningofatermortheuseofanequation（方程式）.Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.●Thirdly,payattentiontothingswhichhavesomethingtodowithchemistryinlife.Watchordoexperimentsinclasscarefully.●Fourthly,questionoftenanddonotbeafraidtoaskyourteacherorclassmatesforhelp.Youwillfindthatchemistryismuchmorethannumbers,formulas（分子式）andequations.It’softenusedindailylifejustlikemathandphysics.Onceyoufallinlovewithit,you’llgetlotsoffun.24.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthewritergivethereaders?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.25.Thewriterthinksthatagoodwaytotestyourunderstandingoftheformula“H2CO3”isto________.A.writeitontheblackboard B.readitaloudinclassC.explainittosomeoneelse D.askothersthemeaningofit26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Chemistryismoreoftenusedthanphysics.B.Someconceptsofchemistryarehardtounderstand.C.Studyingchemistryislikelearningourmotherlanguage.D.Chemistryisusuallythoughttobeasdifficultasothersubjects.27.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.differencesbetweenchemistryandphysics B.theimportanceofchemistryandphysicsC.whychemistryishardforbeginners D.howstudentsstudychemistry【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了幫助學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，更好地理解化學(xué)的建議。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“●Firstly...●Secondly...●Thirdly...●Fourthly”可知作者給讀者4條建議，故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.”可知作者認(rèn)為測(cè)試你對(duì)“H2CO3”公式理解程度的一個(gè)好方法是向別人解釋它。故選C。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.”可知有些化學(xué)概念很難理解。故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:”可知本文主要介紹了幫助學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，更好地理解化學(xué)的建議，故選DCInventiveMindsInventionscanchangetheworld,youmaysay.Butdidyouknowweareinventorstoday?AndnowjustlikeOrvilleandWilburWright,Ourideasarestartingtotakeflight!Weallhaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.We’reusingthemev’rydayofourlives!WordsandmusicbySteveandKathyHoover*OrvilleandWilburWrightbrothersweretheinventorsoftheearlyplane.**Theword“flight”isthenoun（n.）formoftheverb（v.）“fly”.***Theword“ev’ry”standsfor“every”.28.Thistextwascreatedasa（n）_________.A.song B.diary C.play D.ad29.Fromwhatweread,weknowOrvilleandWilburWrightinventedtheearly_________.A.car B.ship C.plane D.train30.Whatistheauthors’realpurposeofcreatingthetext?A.ToteachEnglishtochildren. B.Tointroduceaninvention.C.TopraiseOrvilleandWilburWright. D.Toencouragechildrentobecreative.【答案】28.A29.C30.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文作者以歌曲形式呼吁孩子們要有創(chuàng)造思維?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WordsandmusicbySteveandKathyHoover”可知歌詞和音樂(lè)由SteveandKathyHoover所寫，由此可知文章是一首歌。故選A?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AndnowjustlikeOrvilleandWilburWright,Ourideasarestartingtotakeflight!(現(xiàn)在，就像Orville和WilburWright一樣，我們的想法開(kāi)始起飛了!)”可推知Orville和WilburWright發(fā)明的是飛機(jī)。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Weallhaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.”以及通讀全文可知，本文作者以歌曲的形式呼吁孩子們要有創(chuàng)造思維。故選D。第二節(jié):根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（共5小題,計(jì)5分）Farmyardrobotscancutdownchemicalpollution.___31___?Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).Thetroubleis,theseweedkillersalsokillwildlife,polluteriversandarebadforthefields.___32___.Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.Therobotisreallysmartbecauseitonlykillsweedsbutnotcrops(莊稼).___33___?Severalcamerasarebuiltintotherobot.Thecamerasfacingthegroundtakephotostohelptherobot“see”theplantsitpasses.Therobotcompareseachphototoalibraryofplantphotostodecideonwhichplantsareweeds.Robotarmsmoveintopositiontogiveasmalldose(劑量)ofweedkillerontheweeds.Therobotisenergy-friendly.___34___.HowtherobotwilldevelopThescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.___35___.Theimprovedmodelofrobotswillexactlydiscoverweedsanddigthemoutinsteadofweedkillers.Robotscouldbeprogrammedtoleavesomeharmlessweedsinthefieldstosupportwildlifelivingthere.A.ButscientistshavecreatedafarmyardrobotB.ItispoweredbytheenergyfromthesunC.WheretherobotisusedD.They’reworkingonthenewdesignstoimprovethemodelE.HowtherobotworksF.WhydofarmerschoosetherobottoworkintheirfieldsG.Howdofarmersusuallykillweedsinthefields【答案】31.G32.A33.E34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹農(nóng)家機(jī)器人可以減少化學(xué)污染?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).”可知，他們中的許多人使用化學(xué)藥品來(lái)殺死雜草，此處提到除田里的雜草，選項(xiàng)G“農(nóng)民通常怎樣除田里的雜草”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.”可知，這種機(jī)器人可以減少90%的除草劑使用量，此處提到一種機(jī)器人，選項(xiàng)A“但是科學(xué)家們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)農(nóng)家機(jī)器人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)后三段內(nèi)容可知，介紹這種機(jī)器人是如何工作的，選項(xiàng)E“機(jī)器人是如何工作的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【34題詳解】根據(jù)“Therobotisenergy-friendly.”可知，機(jī)器人是能源友好型的，選項(xiàng)B“它是由太陽(yáng)能驅(qū)動(dòng)的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“Thescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.”可知，科學(xué)家們不想僅僅停留在他們已經(jīng)取得的成就上，此處提到科學(xué)家要繼續(xù)做的事，選項(xiàng)D“他們正在進(jìn)行新設(shè)計(jì)以改進(jìn)模型”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。（2022年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計(jì)20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能回答所提問(wèn)題或完成所給句子的一個(gè)最佳答案。（共10小題，計(jì)15分）AIfsomeoneis2.57meterstall,wewouldsaythispersonissupertall.Canthispersonbethetallestonrecord?ThetallestmaninhistorywasRobertPershingWadlow.Hewas2.72meterstall!Whenhewasborn,hewasjustlikeotherbabies.Butashewasgrowing,hebecameunusualfromotherchildren.Let'stakealookatthetimelineofRobert'searlyyearsoflife:Childhood RobertPershingWadlowwasbornonFebruary22.Heweighedanormal(正常的)3.9kilograms.Whenhewassixmonthsold,heweighed13.6kilograms. Whenhewas18monthsold,heweighedalmost30kilograms. Robertwenttokindergarten-theplacelikeaschoolorclassforchildrenagedfive.Hewasalready1.7meterstall.Hecouldweartheclothesofa17-year-oldboy. WhenRobertwaseightyearsold,hewasover1.8meterstall. Robertcouldcarryhisfatherupthestairs(樓梯)oftheirhome.41.Howtallisthetallestpersoninhistory?A.2.57meters. B.2.75meters. C.2.27meters. D.2.72meters.42.InwhichyeardidRobertweighalmost30kilograms?A.In1919. B.In1923. C.In1926. D.In1927.43.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Robertwasjustlikeotherbabiesatbirth.B.Attheageofsix,Robertweighed13.6kilograms.C.Robertwas1.7meterstallwhenhewaseightyearsold.D.In1926,Robertcouldcarryhisfatherupthestairs.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了歷史上最高的人RobertPershingWadlow的早年時(shí)間線。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThetallestmaninhistorywasRobertPershingWadlow.Hewas2.72meterstall”可知世界上最高的人是2.72米。故選D。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“1919Whenhewas18monthsold,heweighedalmost30kilograms”可知在1919年，當(dāng)他18個(gè)月大的時(shí)候，他的體重將近30公斤。故選A。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenhewasborn,hewasjustlikeotherbabies”可知他出生的時(shí)候和其他的寶寶一樣。故選A。BChildcareServicesforParentsonHolidayONLYFORGUESTSSTAYINGATTHEHAPPYHOLIDAYSHOTELPARENTSwhowishtoleavetheirchildrenatthehotelwhentheygooutontheirowncanuseourchildcareservice.Justcalltheservicedeskatthehotelorcallusat16001235777(thiscallisfree).Oneofourchildcaretakerswillcontactyouinyourroom.Herearetheactivitiesyourchildrenmayenjoydoing:·playingboardgames·listeningtostories·readingbooks·playingcomputergames·singingsongsanddancing·paintingpictures·makingcraftmodelsYourchildrenwillbeinsafehands!Ourchildcareserviceisforchildrenofallages.PLEASECALLTHETOLLFREENUMBERTOFINDOUTMOREABOUTTHECOSTOFHIRINGACHILDCARETAKER.44.Whatkindofwritingisthetext?A.Email. B.Ad. C.Story. D.News.45.Howmanyactivitiesarelistedhereforthechildrentoenjoy?A.Nine. B.Eight. C.Seven. D.Six.46.Theunderlinedword“contact”probablymeans“_______”inthetext.A.writeto B.communicatewith C.learnfrom D.agreewith47.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Childrenwhowanttoenjoythehotelactivities.B.ChildrenwhopassbytheHappyHolidaysHotel.C.ParentswhostayattheHappyHolidaysHotel.D.Parentswhoareverybusywiththeirwork.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了歡樂(lè)假期旅館提供的假期家長(zhǎng)托兒服務(wù)。44．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了歡樂(lè)假期旅館提供的假期家長(zhǎng)托兒服務(wù)，故文章是一則廣告。故選B。45．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Herearetheactivitiesyourchildrenmayenjoydoing:●playingboardgames;●listeningtostories;●readingbooks;●playingcomputergames;●singingsongsanddancing;●paintingpictures;●makingcraftmodels”可知一共有7種活動(dòng)。故選C。46．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Oneofourchildcaretakerswillcontactyouinyourroom”可知一位兒童看護(hù)人將在你的房間與你聯(lián)系，故此處劃線部分意為“聯(lián)系，交流”。故選B。47．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ONLYFORGUESTSSTAYINGATTHEHAPPYHOLIDAYSHOTEL”可知文章是寫給入住快樂(lè)假期酒店的家長(zhǎng)。故選C。CDoyouknowthewordmigrate?Itisawordusuallyusedtotalkaboutcertainanimalssuchasbirds,fishandsoon.Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason.Forexample,swallows(燕子)migratesouthinwinter.Manyanimalsmigrate-theydothisoftenatthesametimeandtothesameplaceeachyear.Theymovetoplaceswhereconditionsarebetter–wheretheweatheriswarmer,wherethereismorefoodandwater,orwheretheiryoungwillbesafer.Peoplealsomigrate.Whenpeoplemigrate,theygotoliveinanotherareaorcountry,especiallyinordertofindwork.InEnglish,whenpeopleleavetheirhomecountryinordertoliveinanothercountry,weusethewordemigrate*insteadofmigrate.Frommigrateandemigratecomethewordsmigrationandemigration.However,ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage.Thenthewordimmigrationisborn.Isn'tword-makingoftheEnglishlanguageinteresting?Andcanthisprocess(過(guò)程)offindingouttherelationshipsbetweenwordsandlearningtheminagrouporgroupsbeawayforyoutolearnthelanguage?

*BasedonLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,6thedition48.WhichofthefollowingsituationscanmatchthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Snakesmoveintoholestosleepinwinter.B.Fishswimtocleanwatersbecauseofpollution.C.Birdsflyveryfarawaytofindfoodandreturntogiveittotheirbabies.D.MonarchbutterfliesinNorthAmericaflysouthtostayawayfromthecold.49.Accordingtothepassage,ifpeople________,theyleavetheirhomecountrytoliveinanotherforever.A.travel B.migrate C.emigrate D.immigrate50.Thepassageiswrittento________.A.introducemigrationofanimals B.tellreadersawayoflearningEnglishC.showhowEnglishwordschange D.explainwhypeoplemigrate【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文由動(dòng)物遷徙引出了英語(yǔ)的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關(guān)系并在一個(gè)或多個(gè)小組中學(xué)習(xí)它們也可以是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的一種方式。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason”可知當(dāng)動(dòng)物遷徙時(shí)，它們會(huì)根據(jù)季節(jié)從世界的一個(gè)地方長(zhǎng)途跋涉到另一個(gè)地方，故選項(xiàng)D“北美帝王蝶南飛避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故選D。49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage”可知如果人們從他們的祖國(guó)搬到另一個(gè)國(guó)家永遠(yuǎn)住在那里，這個(gè)詞在英語(yǔ)中從emigrate變?yōu)閕mmigrate。故選D。50．主旨大意題。本文由動(dòng)物遷徙引出了英語(yǔ)的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關(guān)系并在一個(gè)或多個(gè)小組中學(xué)習(xí)它們也可以是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的一種方式。故選B。第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（共5小題，計(jì)5分）EveryyearintheU.S.thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(災(zāi)害;災(zāi)難),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,IowaandintoSouthDakota.51.The"tornadoseason"isusuallyinspring,butthepeopleinTornadoAlleyarealwaysreadyforthemandtheyalwayslistentothenews.Whenthewarmingscome,52.Theyfindsomewheresafetostay.Athome,thebestplaceisthebasement-aroomthatisusedtostorethingsundertheleveloftheground.Ifthereisnobasement,aroomwithoutwindowslikethebathroomisalsoasafeplace.“53sothatwecangetreadyandwon'tfeelafraidwhenthere'satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas.“There'snobasementatmyschool,soweusuallygotothehallwaysonthelowestfloors.Ofcourse,weneversitnearthewindows.”Afterthetornado,peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage(破壞).54!InChina,wearenotsooftentroubledbytornadoes,butwedohavedisasterslikeearthquakes,oranunexpectedfire.Itisimportanttoknowhowtokeepussafewhenadisasterhappens.Remember:inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters,55.Forexample,we’dbetterkeepdisasterplansinmindandpracticeoften.A.peoplefollowtheirdisasterplansB.AndusuallythereisalotofdamageC.ThisisbecausetherearealotoftornadoesD.Atschool,weoftenhavepracticeE.peoplerunoutoftheirhomeswithfearF.weshouldgetwellpreparedG.That'swhythisareaiscalled“TornadoAlley”【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了龍卷風(fēng)季節(jié)，以及龍卷風(fēng)來(lái)臨時(shí)人們應(yīng)該做什么。56．根據(jù)“thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(災(zāi)害；災(zāi)難),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,lowaandintoSouthDakota”可知這些地方每年大約有500次龍卷風(fēng)，后句對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，選項(xiàng)G“這就是為什么這個(gè)地區(qū)被稱為“龍卷風(fēng)巷””符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。57．根據(jù)“Whenthewarningscome”以及“Theyfindsomewheresafetostay”可知有警報(bào)時(shí)，人們會(huì)遵循自己的計(jì)劃，選項(xiàng)A“人們遵循他們的災(zāi)難計(jì)劃”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。58．根據(jù)“sothatwecangetreadyandwon’tfeelafraidwhenthere’satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas”可知此處說(shuō)明的是在學(xué)校的情況，選項(xiàng)D“在學(xué)校，我們經(jīng)常有演習(xí)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。59．根據(jù)“peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage”可知此處說(shuō)明龍卷風(fēng)造成的破壞，選項(xiàng)B“實(shí)際上有很多的破壞”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。60．根據(jù)“inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters”可知為了在自然災(zāi)害中保證安全，應(yīng)該做好準(zhǔn)備，選項(xiàng)F“我們應(yīng)該做好準(zhǔn)備”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。（2021年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計(jì)20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能回答所提問(wèn)題或完成所給句子的一個(gè)最佳答案。（共10小題，計(jì)15分）ACindywaseightyearsoldandlivedwithherparentsinCalifornia.Oneday,herparentstoldherthattheywouldleaveCaliforniainaweekandmovetoFloridabecauseherfatherfoundanewjobthere.Aweeklater,aftertheymovedtoFlorida,Cindy’smothertookhertomeethernewteacher.Theteachersaid,“Welcometoourschool,Cindy.Letmetellyouwhatwedoinoursecond-gradeclass.Westartthedaywithreadingandwriting.Afterthat,wedomath.Thenwegoouttohavealongrestforoutdooractivities.Weeatlunchateleveno’clock.Thenwehavestorytime.Afterstorytime,wehavescience.Thenwegotolearningcenters.Thereyoucanworkonthecomputer,playagame,orreadabook.Next,wehavespelling（寫字課）.Finally,wegotomusicandartclassesforthelasthouroftheday.Hereisatimelistofthesubjectsandschoolactivitiesforyou.Thereissomeotherinformationinit.I’llbegladtoseeyoutomorrow,Cindy!I’msureyournewclassmateswillbegladtoseeyou,too.”21．WhatgradewasCindyinwhenshemovedtoFloridawithherparents?A．InGradeOne. B．InGradeTwo. C．InGradeThree. D．InGradeFour.22．Accordingtothepassage,Cindywould________athernewschool.A．havemathbeforereadingandwriting B．dooutdooractivitiesafterlunchC．playgamesinlearningcenters D．takemusicandartclassesinthemorning23．WecanknowfromthepassagethatCindy’snewteacherwas________.A．friendly B．honest C．humorous D．quiet【分析】本文主要講述了Cindy因?yàn)楦赣H工作變動(dòng)而去到一座新的城市，媽媽帶她去見(jiàn)了新學(xué)校的老師，老師向她詳細(xì)介紹了學(xué)校生活的安排。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Letmetellyouwhatwedoinoursecond-gradeclass”可知，她在二年級(jí)，故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thenwegotolearningcenters.Thereyoucanworkonthecomputer,playagame,orreadabook”可知，在學(xué)習(xí)中心可以玩游戲，故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I’llbegladtoseeyoutomorrow,Cindy!I’msureyournewclassmateswillbegladtoseeyou,too”可知，新老師很有耐心地向Cindy介紹學(xué)校的生活安排，并對(duì)于Cindy的到來(lái)表示歡迎，這些都可以看出老師很友善，故選A。BLookattheEarthfromspace.Whydoesourplanetlooksoblue?It’sbluebecausewatercoversalmostthreequartersoftheEarth’ssurface.Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,too.Morethanhalfofourtotalbodyweightiswater.Ourbodyloseswaterwheneverweexerciseorgotothetoilet.That’swhyweneedtodrinkplentyofwatereveryday.Wedrinkwater.Weuseittocook,clean,andcarrywasteoutofourhomes.Farmersuseittogrowvegetablesandcropslikericeandcorn;factoriesuseittomakeproducts.Sincethe1950s,theamount（數(shù)量）ofwaterpeopleusehasincreasedbythreetimes.Butthewatersupply（供應(yīng)）hasn’t.Scientistsworrythatsoontherewon’tbeenoughwaterforus,aswellasfortheanimalsandplantsthatshareourworld.Whatcanwedotohelp?Usewaterwisely.Havingenoughwaterisn’touronlyproblem.Wealsoneeditclean.Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoon.Evenchemicalsthatfarmersusearerunningintoriversandlakes.Allthispollutioncanmakethewaterdangeroustodrink.Itcanalsoharmfishandotherwater-livinglives.Wemustdosomethingtostoppollution.It’sthebestwaytoprotectourworld’smostvaluablenaturalresource（資源）.24．HowmanyimportantareasofwaterarementionedinParagraph1?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.25．Theunderlinedsentence“Wealsoneeditclean”inParagraph4means”________.”A．Wealsoneedwatertowashthings B．WealsoneedwaterthatlookscleanC．Wealsoneedtokeepwaterclean D．Wealsoneedtodiscovercleanwater26．Thispassagewaswrittento________.A．a(chǎn)skpeopletovaluewater B．a(chǎn)dvisepeopletodrinkmorewaterC．introducetheusesofwater D．describethesituationofwatersupply【分析】本文介紹了水資源對(duì)我們的重要性，以及它現(xiàn)在所面臨的問(wèn)題，呼吁人們要珍惜水資源。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,too”可知，水不僅僅是地球的重要組成部分，它也是我們身體的一個(gè)重要部分；一共提到了兩個(gè)水資源的重要區(qū)域，故選B。25．句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoon”可知，下文講述了水污染的情況，所以我們必須要保持水資源是干凈的，劃線句子與C選項(xiàng)的句子同義，故選C。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Wemustdosomethingtostoppollution.It’sthebestwaytoprotectourworld’smostvaluablenaturalresource”可知，作者的目的是讓人們珍惜水資源，故選A。CINTRODUCTIONIt’shardtobelievethatIwroteNumbertheStarsmorethantwentyyearsago.ItseemslikeyesterdaythatIansweredthephoneonasnowyJanuarymorningandreceivedthenewsthatithadwonthe1990NewberyMedal（美國(guó)紐伯瑞兒童文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)）.Ithinkreadersofeveryagemaymatchthemselveswiththeimportantpersonsinthebookstheyloveandaskthemselves:WouldIhavedonethat?WhatchoicewouldIhavemade?Andten-theageofAnnemarieinNumbertheStars—isanagewhenyoungpeoplearebeginningtodevelopastrongsetofpersonalethics（道德觀;價(jià)值觀）....Theyarebeginningtorealizethattheworldtheyliveinisnotalwaysgoodandsafe.Sotheyfollowastoryaboutaten-year-oldgirlwhoiscaughtinadangeroussituation,andshemustmakedecisions.YoungreadersbecomecheerfulwhenAnnemarietakesadeepbreath,entersthewoods,facesthedanger,standsuptotheenemyandwinshervictory.Today,thebookhasbeenpublishedinmanycountriesandtranslatedintomanylanguages.Itfounditswayintothehandsandheartsofchildrenwhohadreadaboutbutneverexperiencedwar....Booksdochangelives,Iknow;andmanyreadershavetoldmethatNumbertheStarschangedtheirswhentheywereyoung,thatitmadethemthinkaboutbothcruelty（殘酷;殘忍）andcourage.“Itwassomethingthatshapedmyideaofhowpeopleshouldbetreated,”wroteayoungwomanrecently,tellingmeaboutherownfourth-gradeexperiencewiththebook.TheDanishfriendwhofirsttoldmethestoryofherchildhood,andwhobecametheAnnemarieinmybook,isanoldwomannow.SoamI.Webothlovethinkingofthechildrenreadingthestorytoday,comingtoitforthefirsttimeandrealizingthatonce,forashorttimeandinasmallplace,agroupofprejudice-free（不存偏見(jiàn)的）peoplecreatedatouchingstoryofloveandkindnesstowardsothers.LoisLowry27．Whatisthenameofthebookandwhoisthewriter?A．NumbertheStars;LoisLowry. B．NewberyMedal;LoisLowry.C．NumbertheStars;Annemarie. D．NewberyMedal;Annemarie.28．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutAnnemarie?A．ShecalledawriteronasnowyJanuarymorning.B．Shebecamecheerfulaftershereadthebook.C．ShewasagoodfriendofaDanishwoman.D．Sheexperiencedmanydifficultiesinawar.29．Manyyoungreaderstoldthewriterthatthebookmadethemthinkabout________.A．ethicsandfriendship B．enermyandvictoryC．crueltyandcourage D．lifeandmemories30．WhatcanweknowfromthisIntroduction?A．Thebookisaboutastoryofthewriter’sownchildexperience.B．Thebookiswell-receivedandpopulararoundtheworld.C．TheIntroductioniswritteninthevoiceofthethirdperson.D．TheIntroductioniscompleteandwecanreadallofit.【分析】本文是《NumbertheStars》的作者LoisLowry對(duì)于這本書(shū)的感悟。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’shardtobelievethatIwroteNumbertheStarsmorethantwentyyearsago”及落款“LoisLowry”可知，書(shū)名叫《NumbertheStars》，作者是LoisLowry，故選A。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“YoungreadersbecomecheerfulwhenAnnemarietakesadeepbreath,entersthewoods,facesthedanger,standsuptotheenemyandwinshervictory”可知，Annemarie在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中經(jīng)歷了許多困難，D表述正確，故選D。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“andmanyreadershavetoldmethatNumbertheStarschangedtheirswhentheywereyoung,thatitmadethemthinkaboutbothcruelty（殘酷;殘忍）andcourage”可知，這本書(shū)讓讀者們想到了殘忍和勇氣，故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ItseemslikeyesterdaythatIansweredthephoneonasnowyJanuarymorningandreceivedthenewsthatithadwonthe1990NewberyMedal”可推斷，這本書(shū)在世界各地都很受歡迎，故選B。（2020年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計(jì)20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能回答所提問(wèn)題或完成所給句子的一個(gè)最佳答案。（共10小題，計(jì)15分）AComewithyourwholefamilyforafunrelaxingdayorweekend.Petandfeedtheanimals,rideorwalkaroundthefarm,anduseourgameroomandswimmingpool.Threedeliciousmealsareservedeachday.Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.ClosedMondays.395RiberaNorthRd.(847)233-678621.Thetextiswittenmainlyto__________.A.keepadiary B.sendapostcardC.introducethefarm D.remembertheaddress22.Atthefarm,peoplecan__________.A.rideandhaveawalk B.feedtheanimalsandpickfruitC.relaxandgofishing D.cookmealsandgoswimming23.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.BeautifulValleyFarmisat395RiberaSouthRoad.B.Youcanstayatthefarm24hoursadayonweekends.C.Youcanstayatthefarmat9intheeveningonweekdays.D.Toknowmoreaboutthefarm,peoplecancall(874)332-6876.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】這篇短文是一個(gè)廣告，內(nèi)容是去一個(gè)美麗的山谷農(nóng)場(chǎng)參觀游玩。短文中介紹了這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)里一些好玩的項(xiàng)目、開(kāi)放的時(shí)間以及聯(lián)系方式等信息?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文的標(biāo)題“BEAUTIFULVALLEYFARM”以及短文中“Comewithyourwholefamilyforafun,relaxingdayorweekend.”可知，這篇短文是一個(gè)廣告，目的是介紹一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，讓人們?nèi)ツ抢镉瓮?。故選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中“Petandfeedtheanimals,rideorwalkaroundthefarm,anduseourgameroomandswimmingpool.”可知，在農(nóng)場(chǎng)，你可以騎馬或者散步。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.”可知，周末這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)是全天開(kāi)放的，你可以一天24小時(shí)待在那里，B選項(xiàng)符合文意。根據(jù)“395RiberaNorthRd.”可知A不對(duì)；根據(jù)“Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.”可知C不對(duì)；根據(jù)“(847)233-6786”可知D不對(duì)。故選B。BPeopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople’sminds.Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecialmeaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiommeaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay“I’mundertheweather,