Unit2Understandingeachother

GrammarandusageLead-in

DifferencesbetweenA.E.&B.E.AmericanEnglishBritishEnglishExamples跳舞足球顏色[d?ns][dɑ?ns]footballsoccercolorcolourAspectspronunciationvocabularyspellingcommunicationstylesReadingandsearchingSomepeoplesaythattheUKandtheUSAaretwocountriesthatareseparatedbyacommonlanguage.However,afterstudyingineachofthem,Ifounditismorethanthat.Apartfromthedifferencesinlanguagesuchaspronunciationandvocabulary,thereisasignificantgapintermsofcommunicationstyles.IspentonetermintheUK,wherethegreatestchallengewastheindirectmannerofspeaking.Britishpeopleareknowntobepolite.Sopolite,infact,thattheywillsometimessaythecompleteoppositeofwhattheyreallymean:acommonopinionis“It’snotbad”,whichusuallytranslatesas“It’sawful”.NosoonerhadIbeguntounderstandhowBritishpeoplecommunicatethanitwastimetoheadbackhome.Butitsurelyleftanimpressiononme.Later,IhadtheopportunitytostudyasanexchangestudentintheUSAforoneyear.Now,whenspeakingtoAmericans,whohaveapreferenceforthedirectstyle,IfoundthatIoftenfailedtogetstraighttothepoint.Thereweretimeswhenquestionslike“Wouldyoumindpassingmethejam,please?”wouldbemetwiththereply“WhywouldImind?”Ihadtolearnawholenewwayofcommunicating.Bytheendoftheexchangeyear,Ihadasomewhatbetterunderstandingofhowtocommunicateinbothcountries,butIstillhavealottomaster.Asmyexperiencesclearlyshow,learningalanguageisjustthebeginning!ExploringtherulesRestrictiverelativeclauses...twocountriesthatareseparatedbyacommonlanguage.Non-restrictiverelativeclausesThereweretimeswhenquestionslike“Wouldyoumindpassingmethejam,please?”…IspentonetermintheUK,wherethegreatestchallengewastheindirectmannerofspeaking.…acommonopinionis“It’snotbad”,whichusuallytranslatesas“It’sawful”.Now,whenspeakingtoAmericans,whohaveadirectstyle…Workingouttherules?Arestrictiverelativeclauseisusedtomodifyanoun,pronounornounphraseandgives(1)___________(necessary/additional)informationaboutit.Fortheclause,thereisnocommabeforeit.?Anon-restrictiverelativeclausegives(2)_________(necessary/additional)informationaboutanoun,pronounornounphraseinthesentence,orthemainclause.Wecannotuse(3)______(that/which)tointroduceit.necessaryadditionalthatPracticeCompletethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothegivenChinese.1)Mikeisoneofthose_________________（熱愛(ài)自然的）.2)Canyouthinkofasituation_________________________（這個(gè)詞能用的）?3)Iliketheway_______________________（你笑的）.4)Ihaveagoodfriend________________________（他的母親是個(gè)護(hù)士）.5)Theyfixedadate__________________________________（他們將再次見(jiàn)面的）.6)Iwillvisitthemuseum____________________________（新機(jī)器人展出的）

wholovenaturewherethiswordcanbeused(inwhich/that)yousmilewhosemotherisanursewhen/onwhichtheywouldmeetagainwhere/inwhichnewrobotsareexhibited.Practice7)Canyoutellmethereason__________________________（你昨天上學(xué)遲到的）

8)Thisismyfavoritesong,____________________________（我十年前第一次聽這首歌）.9)Let'sputoffourappointmentuntilnextMonday,__________________________（那時(shí)我們都有空）.10)Jennysaidshecouldfinishtheprojectwithintwoweeks,_________________________

（對(duì)此我很懷疑）.11)BettyspentoneyearinBeijing,___________________________________________（在那段時(shí)間她學(xué)了些中文）.12)___________________（正如大家所見(jiàn)）,Nanjingisabeautifulcity.why/forwhichyouwerelateforschoolyesterday?whichIfirstheardtenyearsagowhenwearebothavailablewhichIdoubtverymuchduringwhichtimeshepickedupsomeChineseAsanybodycanseeApplyingtherulesB1Fillintheblankswithproperrelativepronouns,relativeadverbsor“preposition+relativepronoun”structures.1.IntheUK,___________punctualityisveryimportant,youshouldtrynottoarrivelate.2.InThailand,thefoot,____________isconsideredanuncleanpartofthebody,shouldnotbepointedtowardsanotherperson.3.InEurope,therearemanydifferenttypesofgreetings,_____________cheekkissingisjustoneexample,anditisimportanttoknowwhichonetouse.4.Whenwetravel,weshouldpayattentiontosituations_________theremightbeunwrittenrules,suchasgiftgiving.5.Mysister,_________worksinJapan,findsitoddthatshehastodoexerciseatthestartofherworkingday.wherewhichofwhichwhere/inwhichwhoB3

Whatothertaboosdoyouknowabout?Giveexamplesusingrelativeclauses.Usetheexamplesbelowtohelpyou.InChina,peopleusuallyavoidthenumber4,becauseitspronunciationissimilartothatofaChinesewordwhichmeans“todie”.AuntMary,wholivesinIndia,toldmethatshakinghandsorgivingsomeonesomethingwiththelefthandisataboothere.1.InJapan,bathroomslippers,whichareconsidereddirty,shouldalwaysremaininthebathroomonlyandnotbeworninanyotherroomofthehouse.2.InVietnam,peoplewhotouchsomeone’sheadorshouldersorpassitemsoversomeone’sheadareprobablynotfamiliarwithVietnamesecustoms.3.In