2023屆山東省日照市高考二模英語試題

學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

Fromamulti-dayhikefollowingtheroutesofaJapanesepoet,toaclassicclimbinthe

ArgentinianLakeDistric:,therearethousandsofincredibletrails（小路）thatallowustoget

upclosetonature.

AppalachianTrail,UnitedStates

Extendingfor2,200miles,theAppalachianTrailislistedasthelongesthiking-only

footpathintheworld.ItrunsfromSpringierMountaininGeorgiatoMountKatahdinin

Maine,passingthroughsomeofthemostremotecountryintheUnitedStates.Thatmeansit's

ahardtask,eitherforthosewithendlessvacationallowance,orwalkerslookingtodoasmall

pieceofaclassicroute.

TheBashoWayfarer,Japan

Thisself-guidedtripfollowsaroutetakenbythepoelMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.

Thesix-dayhikestartsinSendaiandworksitswaythroughthenorthernTohokuregion,

passingthroughtheUNESCOWorldHeritage（遺產(chǎn)）SileofHiraizumiandalongiheancient

DewaKaidopath.Withitsbccchandcherryforests,itfinishesatthetempleofYamadera.

MountToubkahMorocco

Thepathupwardsrisesfrom（hevillageofImlil,passingoveradryriverbedbefore

risingsharplythroughatempleandontowardsalargemountaincottage.Afterovernighthere,

hikerssetoffupthesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAtlasMountainsopenoutandtheviews

arebreathtaking.Alocalguideandmuleteersforcarryingluggageareamust.

TheDingleWay,Ireland

Itisaring-likcpaththatoffersthebestwaytogetundertheskinofwildCountyKerry

inIreland'ssouthwest.StartinginthetownofTralee,theclockwisepathfollowsnarrow

roads,takinginihewidesweepofsandalInchStrand,passingalongtheclifftopsoutside

DingletownandheadingaroundtheedgeofMountBrardon.thehighestpeakon（heDingle

Peninsula.

1.Whatdoweknowabout（heBashoWayfarer?

A.Itoffersnoguideservice.B.Itwasbuiltbyapoet.

C.ItendsinthenorthernTohokuregion.D.Itisontheworldheritagelist.

2.Wherecanhikersenjoyagoodviewofsnow?

A.AppalachianTrai'.B.TheBashoWayfarer.

C.MountToubkal.D.TheDingleWay.

3.WhatisspecialabouttheDingleWay?

A.Itfollowsacirclepath.B.Itis:helongestintheworld.

C.ItfinishesatMountBrandon.D.ItreachesthehighestpeakinIreland.

Ke'NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.

Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter（面糊）toensuretheywouldlook

identical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhilebuttercreamturningontop.The

cupcakeswerefora2-year-old'stlMoanaM-themcdbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehad

ordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.

Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,

Ke'Ny為ahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.Sheowns

andoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesand

cupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks'noticeonorders,and

shegetssixtosevenaweek.

In2020,shestartedbakingoutofboredomandadesireforcake.Sheaskedhermomfor

asolution.Mompointedhertoaboxofcakemixinthecupboard.Ke'Nyaah'sfirstattenpt

failed.Butshetriedmakingmorecakesthenextday.Shegotbetter.

ShewatchedhoursofYouTubevideostocomeupwitharecipeandto（eachherself

bakingtechniques."OnceIgotonInstagramandstartedseeingotherpeople'sdecorated

cakes,that,swhenIgotinspiredtobeacakeartistinsteadofjustabaker,“shesaid.Shetook

businessclassessuchasdigitalmarketingatherschool.Shealsoregisteredforacourseto

becomeacertifiedcustomerservicespecialist.Ittaughtherhowtotalktocustomersandget

throughasale.She'sconstantlytryingtofindmorewaystopromoteherbusinessandfind

newclients."Il'salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebook

pagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealolsometimes,butI

manage?,

NakesiaFercbec,Ke'Nyzjah'smother,feltherdaughter'sfatherhasbeeninfluential.

Kc'Nyzjahgiveshermotheralargeofthecredit,"She'slikemybiggestsupporter.She's

mademewhoIam.I'vecometorealizethatIamanincredibleperson.

試卷第2頁，共10頁

4.WhatwasKc'Nyzjahdoingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Designingathemedparty.B.Makingcakesfbrbusiness.

C.Preparingforherbirthdayparly.D.Placinganorderforcakesonline.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKaykeBakery?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Ithostspartiesforcustomers.

C.Itisajointbusiness.D.Itmainlyprovidesserviceforkids

6.WhatmightbeachallengefbrKc'Nyzjah?

A.Attendingbusinessclasses.B.Teachingherselfbakingtechniques.

C.Gettingalongwithherclients.D.Balancingherbusinesswithschooling.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Ahome-basedteenbaker.B.Aboredom-killingbakery.

C.Howtobecomeacakeartist.D.Howtostartabusiness.

CrossingPhoenix,Arizona,are180milesofcanals.In1867,thecity'sfoundingfather,

JackSwillingsawtheremainsofirrigation（灌溉）channelswanderingacrossthelandscape.

Herealizedthat,centuriesbefore,somesocietyhadfanredthisdesert.Soonafter,Swilling

beganclearingtheblockedcanalstobringagriculturebacktotheregion.

Threeyearslater,Sv/illingandotherpioneersmettoconsidernamesfortheirsettlement.

ThetoptwowerePumpkinvillcandStonewall.Luckily,EnglishadventurerDarrellDuppa

proposedanameinspiredbytheresurrection（復(fù)興）ofthecanals.UAgreatraceoncelived

hereandanothergreatracewilllivehereinthefuture,**heconsidered.<€Ipredictthatanew

citywillspring,phoenix-like,fromtheruinsandashesoftheold.”

GaryHuckleberry,aresearcher,said,uInthesouthwest,wehavesomeseriousissuesto

dealwithintermsofwater.TheColoradoRiveristhemainsourceofwaterforthesouthwest

andit'soverdistributed.We'vegotpopulationgrowthancclimatechange.Howarewegoing

todealwiththat?Ithinkthere'ssomethingtobelearnedbylookingatpastsocietieswho

managedwaterfbrthousandsofyears.^^

ThatgreatsocietywastheHohokam.Between100and1450AD,theyconstructed1,000

milesofcanals.AstheHohokamexpandedtheirnetwork,theyconstantlyrepaired,cleaned

anddivertedthecanals.'Itrequirescooperation,becausealltheusersofthewaterfromthat

canalhavetoagreenotonlytoconstructit,butalsotomaintainit,“Henderson,ascientist,

said."Userswouldhavetoagreetocertainconditionstokeeptheentiresystemgoing."The

Hohokamcommittedtosharingwalerandpulthemselvesonlimetables.

TheHohokamusedcanalirrigationfbr3,000years."That,tome,isthedefinitionof

sustainabledevelopment,“Huckleberrysaid."Theylearnedhowtosustainablyfarm,to

managewater,tonotdestroytheirsoilsinawaythatisworthyandmightgiveusinsightinto

howwcmightdealwiththecurrenttrouble.Ithinkoneofthekeylessonsisthatyouden't

putallyoureggsinonebasket.”

8.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thereconstructionofcanals.B.Theoriginofthecity'snamePhoenix.

C.Thediscoveryoftheirrigationchannels.D.Theagriculturaldevelopmentinthe

settlement.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph3referto?

A.Thesourceofwater.B.Theclimatechange.

C.Thepopulationgrowth.D.Theover-distributionofwater.

10.WhatdocsHendersonsayabouttheHohokam?

A.Theywereexpertinfarming.B.Theywerepoorattimemanagement.

C.Theyhadastrongsenseofteamspirit.D.Theyfoughtfortheirrightstousewaler.

11.Whichof(hefollowingwouldHuckleberryagreewith?

A.Canalirrigationisoutofdate.B.Sustainabledevelopmentmatters.

C.Farmingcansolvecurrenttrouble.D.Thelossofsoilsisworsethanbefore.

ResearchersinSingaporehavedevelopedanelectronicmaterialthathelpsrobotssense

andtouchnearbyobjects.

Thematerialisakindoffoam:asolidsubstancethatisfilledwithairandissoft.And

thefoamhasanotherusefulquality.Itrepairsitselfwhendamaged,muchlikehumanskin.

ThematerialiscalledAiFoam,whichisshortforartificiallyinnervatedfoam.Toinnervate

meanstosupplywithnerves.Inrobots,AiFoamwouldgatherinformationfromnearbyand

sendittoacomputercontrollingtherobot.AiFoamisastretchypolymer(聚合物)combined

withamixture(hatlowerssurfacetension.Thismeans(hatifyoucutthematerial.i(can

returneasilyintoonepiece.

Tocopythehumansenseoftouch,theresearchersmixedmicroscopicpiecesofmetal

intothematerial.Thentheyaddedverysmallelectricalconnectionsbeneaththesurfaceofthe

foam.

試卷第4頁，共10頁

BenjaminTee,aleadresearcheronthenewmaterialattheNationalUniversityof

Singapore,saidthatwhenthereispressureonthematerial,themetalparticles（顆粒）get

closer.Themovementchangestheirelectricalproperties.Theelectricalconnectionssense

thesechangesandsendinformationaboutthemtoacomputer,whichthentellstherobotwhat

todo.

“WhenImovemyfingernearthesensor,youcanseethesensorismeasuringthe

changesofmyelectricalfieldandrespondsaccordinglytomytouch,“hesaid.Therobotic

handsensesnotonlytheamountbutalsothedirectionoftheforceplacedonit.Thatcould

makerobotsmoreintelligentandresponsive.

TeesaidAiFoamisthefirstmaterialofitskindtocombineself-repairingpropertieswith

nearnessandpressuresensing.Afterspendingovertwoyearsdevelopingit,Teeandhisteam

hopethematerialcanbeputtousewithinfiveyears.

12.WhatisonefeatureofAiFoam?

A.Itismadeoutofair.B.Itisalow-costmaterial.

C.Ithasself-repairingability.D.Itcanreplacehumanskin.

13.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?

A.Bygivinginstructions.B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byofferingexplanations.

14.Whichofthefollowinggivesorderstotherobot?

A.BenjaminTee.B.Theresearcher.

C.Thesensor.D.Thecomputer.

15.WhatcanwelearnaboutAiFoamfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanmeasuretheshapeofyourfinger.

B.Itcanchangethedirectionoftheforce.

C.Itwillcomeontothemarketinthenearfuture.

D.Itmakesrobotsmoresensitivethanhumanbeings.

二、七選五

Hurricaneseasoncanbewildandunpredictable.16Herearesonicwaysyoucan

beefupyourhomesecurityinhurricaneweather,evenifyouneedtomoveout.

17Thatactuallydocsnothingtoensureyoursafetyinthepowerfulwinds.

Stickingtohurricanesheltersorplywood（膠合板）istheonlywaytogowhenitcomesto

protectingthosepointsofentryinhurricaneconditions.Buysheetsofplywood,measureyour

windowsandusebrackets（支架）toholdtheplywoodinplace.

Sandbagsarcveryuseful.Whilesandbagswon'tbeabletohelpintheextremestorm,

manypeoplewillbeabletopreventHoodingandextensivedamagetotheirbelongingsby

placingsandbags.18Anystormwaterthatiskeptoutofyourhomeisstormwater

thatwon'tbeabletodamagethebelongingsinsideyourhome,sosandbagsarewellworth

havingatyourdoorwaysduringahurricane.

It'simportanttopreparetheinsideofyourhomeforstrongwindsandrain.Butyou

shouldalsokeepaneyeontheoutsideofyourhouse,too.Trim（修剪）trees,especiallydead

branches,topreventanythingelsethatcouldflythroughawindowandcausedamageduring

ahurricane.19

Youshouldalsotakepicturesofexpensiveitemslikeelectronicsandkeepnotesoftheir

serialnumbers.20Also,therearealwaysbadpeopleoutrightafterastorm.IFihe

worsthappensandyourhomeisbrokenintorightafterabadstorm,havingpicturesand

detailednotesaboutwhatwasinyourhomepriortothehurricanewillmakeiteasierfor

policetotrackdownstolenitems.

A.Youshouldhaveacameraathome.

B.Itcanbestrongenoughtoresisttheforcefulwinds.

C.Makingsurenothingislooseinyouryardisimportant.

D.Youmayseepeopletapingwindowsbeforeahurricanecomes.

E.Theywillbeablstoeffectivelykeepstormwateroutinmanycases.

F.Itwillaidwithyourinsurancecompanyifanythingneedstobereplaced.

G.Thesedangerousstormscanbringdamagetoyourhomeandbelongings.

三、完形填空

ResidentsofaWiltshiretownhavecreatedaverticallivinggardentofightpollution.The

wallofplantshasbeen21tothesideofashopinBridgeYardinthecenterof

Bradford-on-Avon.

StephanieEdwards22theideaandbroughtittothetowncounciltoputinto

23.“Asamatteroffact,theplantshave24withtheminsects,andwc'vchada

試卷第6頁，共10頁

coupleofbirdssittinguptheresoit's25forsureandwemustnotforget(he26

ofhealthandwellbeing,“shesaid.

Thewallhadbeeninthe27since2019andtookaboutfivedaystoconstruct.The

wallis28seasonalplants,lowenergyLEDlighting,birdhousesandbughotels.

AlexKaysaidthelivingwallhadanumberofbeneficial29"1don'tthinkthat

anyonewillguaranteethatthiswillsolveourairqualitysituation,butitwill30il.”

shesaid."It'snotjustthetrafficandthe31aualily,butthisisaboutwellbeing.This

isgoodforthe32

JamesSullivan-Tailyour,whoownsthenearbySwanHotel,saidhewasreally33

withthewall."Ithinkit's34acleanertown,anicertown,butalsosomething35

thatisgoingtoattractvisitorsaswcll/'hcadded.

21.A.limitedB.movedC.attachedD.pulled

22.A.explainedB.formedC.testedD.predicted

23.A.actionB.troubleC.shapeD.production

24.A.filledB.sharedC.broughtD.kept

25.A.changingB.growingC.marketingD.working

26.A.benefitsB.causesC.meaningsD.results

27.A.waitingB.planningC.paintingD.destroying

28.A.connectedtoB.mixedwithC.madeupofD.brokenupinto

29.A.aspectsB.profitsC.viewsD.examples

30.A.makeB.helpC.leaveD.find

31.A.lifeB.soilC.waterD.air

32.A.businessB.agricultureC.technologyD.communication

33.A.familiarB.carefulC.patientD.pleased

34.A.designingB.creatingC.describingD.copying

35.A.abnormalB.strangeC.uniqueD.common

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入I個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

SamanthaCristoforctti,thefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,36(post)a

groupofphotosandseveralChinesesentencesonherTwitteraccountduringhermissionat

theInternationalSpaceStation.

Attachedtothephotos37(be)severallinesfromPrefacetoPoemsComposedat

theOrchidPavilion,anancientChinesecalligraphymasterpiece38famousChinese

calligrapherWangXizhifromtheEasternJinDynasty.

Cristoforeltievengave39accuratetranslationofthelines,saying,“Lookingup,I

see(hevastnessoftheuniverse.40(bow)myhead,Ilookalthemultitudeoftheworld.

Thegazeflies,theheartexpands,thejoyofthesensescanreachitspeak,41thisis

truehappinessindeed.”

“Herquotation(引語)ofthelinesshowsthatshe42(careful)observedihe

universewiththevisionofChinesecivilizationwhileobservingChinafromspace.Sucha

quotationisveryspecial.43showsherambitionandasenseofpride,“saidProfessor

WangHuifromTsinghuaUniversity.

Herquotationalsosparkedahealed44(discuss)amongforeignInternetuserson

socialmedia.SomenetizenssaidthatwithherChineselanguagecapacity,Cristoforettialso

hastheability45(work)attheChinesespacestation,whileothershopethattherewill

belessconflictandmorecooperationintheworld.

五、其他應(yīng)用文

46.假定你是李華,你校京定于本周五舉行為期兩天的“農(nóng)耕研學(xué)(AgriculturalFieldTripf

活動，因天氣影響將延期舉行。請你寫一封郵件告知交換生David,內(nèi)容包括：

1.說明變動原因；

2.告知變動情況。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右：

2.請按如下格式在答題方的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearDavid,

試卷第8頁，共10頁

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

December1952inWisconsinwasbitterlycold.Acurious7-year-old,Iwasinhesitation

whenmyfatherarrivedhomefromworkwithsomethinghiddeninhisjacket."GuesswhatI

have,"hesaid.Heslowlyunwrappedthejackettotakeoutafrozenowl（貓頭鷹）.He'd

foundthefrozenbirdonhiscarwhenheleftworkandguessedthatithadflownintothe

windshield（擋風(fēng)玻璃）.

Dadthoughtitmightbealiveandwantedtoletitwarmup.Mymotheragreedtoletthe

birdstayovernight,soDadandItookittothebasementl地下室）andcarefullylaiditnear

ourcoalstove.Iwasthefirstoneintothekitchenthenextmorningforabowlofcereal（麥

片）.Ifoundtheowlrestingonthesugarbowlasifwaitingforitsbreakfast.1hurriedtotell

myparentsthattheowlwasaliveandsittingatthekitchentable.Momdidn'tlikethatitwas

inthekitchenandwanteditoutofthehouse.

Dadinstructedmetoopenthebackdoorwhileheforcedtheowltowardme.Iheardthe

flappingofwings,butbeforeIcoulddirectitsflightoutside,theowlturnedaroundaway

fromthecoldaircominginthedoorandflewpastme,downthestairsintotheshelterofthe

warmbasement.Restinginthespacenearthetopofthebasement,theowlwassafelybeyond

ourreach.Wetrieddrivingitoutwithabroom,buti（calmlyHewtothefarsideofthe

basement.SoonDadandIwerelaughingtoohardtocontinue,andwerealizedtherewasno

waywecoulddrivetheowloutifitwantedtostay.Momagreedtohaveitinthehouseuntil

Dadcouldcatchitwhenitbecameweakfromhunger.Butthatneverhappened.

注意：

I.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卜的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Thedoordidn'tshutproperly,whichallowedmiceintothebasement.

Asspringarrived,weknewitwastimefbrtheowltoleave.

試卷第10頁，共10頁

參考答案:

1.A2.C3.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。從跟隨日本詩人的路線進(jìn)行多日徒步旅行，到阿根廷湖區(qū)的經(jīng)典

攀登，這里有數(shù)千條令人難以置信的小徑讓我們能夠親近大自然。文章主要介紹了幾條讓我

們能夠親近自然的小路。

［詳解】I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheBashoWayfarer,Japan部分中第一句話“Thisself-guidedtrip

followsaroutetakenbythepoetMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.（這次自助之旅沿著300多年

前詩人松尾芭蕉走過的路線進(jìn)行戶可知，Bash。Wayfarer沒有導(dǎo)游服務(wù)。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountToubkal,Morocco部分的第二句話“Afterovernighthere,hikersset

offup（hesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAllasMountainsopenoutandtheviewsare

breathtaking.（在這里過了一夜之后，徒步旅行者們踏上了雪地，登上了山頂，阿特拉斯山脈

向外延伸，景色令人嘆為觀止）“可知，在MountToubkal徒步旅行者沿著雪地向頂峰進(jìn)發(fā)，

沿途可欣賞到雪景。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDingleWay,Ireland部分中“Itisaring-likepath（這是一個環(huán)形的道

路）“可知，DingleWay這條線路是環(huán)形的。故選A。

4.B5.A6.D7.A

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是Ke,NyzjahFer?bee,一個十幾歲的青少年，在父

母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，開展網(wǎng)上定制業(yè)務(wù)，生意火爆。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第KM"Ke'NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,adding

cupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter（面糊）toensure

theywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningon

top.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old,s"Moana”-lhemedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehad

ordersforatwo-ticrcdcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.（Kc'NyzjahFcrcbcc正站在廚房的工作臺面

旁，往平底鍋里加紙杯蛋糕襯墊。她用冰淇淋勺把蛋糕面糊填滿，以確保它們看起來一模一

樣。一群吃完的人坐在柜臺上，上面是白色的奶油。這些紙杯蛋糕是為一個兩歲孩子的《海

洋奇緣》主題生口派對準(zhǔn)備的。第二天，她收到了兩層蛋糕和兩個生日蛋糕的訂單可知，

Ke,Nyzjah在為生意做蛋桂。故選B。

答案第1頁，共10頁

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks,noticeonorders,andshe

getssixtosevenaweek.（她要求訂單至少提前兩到四周通知，而她每周會收到六到七份訂

單。廠可知，KaykeBakery很受歡迎。故選A。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后徇話"It'salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmy

InstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbea

lotsometimes,butImanage.（要同時關(guān)注我的Instagram和Facebook頁面，還要管理學(xué)校、個

人生活和生意，這有點困難。有時會有很多，但我能應(yīng)付。）“可知，Kc'Nyzjah面臨的挑戰(zhàn)

是平衡她的事業(yè)和學(xué)業(yè)。放選D。

7.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Whilemostteenagersarespending【hesummer

hangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke'Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteand

gettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,

specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofour

weeks'noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.（當(dāng)大多數(shù)青少年都在和朋友出去玩、

工作的時候，Ke'Nyzjah卻在接訂單、更新她的網(wǎng)站、拍攝新的品牌照片。她擁有并經(jīng)營

KayKeBakery,這是一家以家庭為基礎(chǔ)的企業(yè)，專門從事定制蛋糕和紙杯蛋糕。她提供14

種口味。她要求訂單至少遑前兩到四周通知，而她每周會收到六到七份訂單。戶可知，本文

主要講的是Ke,NyzjahFerebee-個十幾歲的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋

糕，開展網(wǎng)上定制業(yè)務(wù)，生意火爆，故選A。

8.B9.D10.C11.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了橫跨亞利桑那州鳳凰城的180英里長的運河，19

世紀(jì)的時候城市的創(chuàng)始人們復(fù)興了運河，城市的名稱由此而來，更久以前霍霍坎人在這里建

造并維護(hù)運河，以可持續(xù)的方式發(fā)展他們的社會。

8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thieeyearslaler,Swillingandolheipioneersmettoconsider

namesfortheirsettlement.ThetoptwowerePumpkinvillcandStonewall.Luckily,English

adventurerDarrellDuppaproposedanameinspiredbytheresurrection（復(fù)興）ofthecanals.（三年

后，Swilling和其他拓荒者開會考慮給他們的定居點起什么名字。前兩名是Pumpkinvillc和

Stonewall。幸運的是，英國冒險家DarrellDuppa以運河的復(fù)興為靈感，提出了一個名字）”

可知，第二段主要介紹了鳳凰城起名的經(jīng)過,拓荒者開會討論了起名方案，英國冒險家Darrell

Duppa以運河的復(fù)興為靈感提由了鳳凰城（Phoenix）這個名字。由此可知，BJ貝,、鳳凰城名

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字的由來”可概括段落大意。故選B項。

9.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inthesouthwest,wehavesomeseriousissuestodealwithin

termsofwater.TheColoradoRiveristhemainsourceofwa:crfbrthesouthwestandit'sover

distributed.We'vegotpopulationgrowthandclimatechange.Howarewegoingtodealwith

皿?（在西南地區(qū)，我們有一些嚴(yán)重的水的問題需要處理?？屏_拉多河是西南地區(qū)的主要水

源，但是分布過散。我們面臨著人口增長和氣候變化。我們要怎么處理呢？）“可知，因為人

口增長和氣候變化，水資源的問題愈發(fā)突出，需要解決科羅拉多河的水過于分散帶來的問題。

that指代的是上文的“itsoverdistributed”，即水的分布過散。故選D項。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Henderson的話“Itrequirescooperation,becauseallthe

usersofthewaterfromthatcanalhavetoagreenotonlytoconstructit,butalsotomaintainii（這

需要合作，因為這條運河的所有用水者不僅要同意建造它，還要同意維護(hù)它）”可知，霍霍坎

人在便用運河的時候共同合作，建造并維護(hù)運河，因此仙們富有團(tuán)隊精神。故詵C項。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Huckleberry的話“Theylearnedhowtosustainablyfarm,to

managewaler,（onotdestroyIheirsoilsinawaythatisworthyandmightgiveusinsightintohow

wemightdealwiththecurrenttrouble.（他們學(xué)會了如何可持續(xù)地耕種，如何管理水資源，如何

不破壞他們的土壤，這些都是有價值的，可能會讓我們r解如何應(yīng)對當(dāng)前的問題）“可知，霜

霍坎人使用運河的方式恰恰體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理念，這種方式是有價值的，可以幫助我們

應(yīng)對當(dāng)今的問題。由此推知，Huckleberry會同意“可持續(xù)發(fā)展非常重要”的觀點"故選B項.

12.C13.D14.D15.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹新加坡的研究人員開發(fā)了一種電子材料，可以幫助機

器人感知和觸摸附近的物體。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ilrepairsitselfwhendamaged,muchlikehumanskin.The

mateiialiscalledAiFuam,whichisslioilforailificiallyimieivatedfoani.（它在受損時可以自我

修更,就像人類的皮膚一樣。這種材料被稱為AiFoam,是人工神經(jīng)泡沫的縮寫）”可知,AiFoam

的一個特點是它有自我修復(fù)的能力。故選C項。

13.推理判斷題。第二段在'ThematerialiscalledAiFoam,whichisshortforartificially

innervatedfoam,lbinnervatemeanstosupplywithnerves.Inrobots.AiFoamwouldgather

informationfromnearbyandsendittoacomputercontrollingtherobot.AiFoamisastretchy

polymer（聚合物）combinedwithamixturethatlowerssurfacetension.1hismeansthatityoucut

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thematerial,itcanreturneasilyintoonepiece.（這種材料被稱為AiFoam,是人工神經(jīng)泡沫的縮

寫。神經(jīng)支配的意思是供給神經(jīng)。在機器人中，AiFoam會從附近收集信息并將其發(fā)送給控

制機器人的計算機。AiFoam是一種具有彈性的聚合物，結(jié)合了一種降低表面張力的混合物。

這意味著，如果你切割材料，它可以很容易地恢復(fù)成?塊）”中通過解釋的方式說明了AiFoam

是什么。故選D項。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theelectricalconnectionssensethesechangesandsend

informationaboutthemtoacomputer,whichthentellstherobotwhattodo.（電子連接感應(yīng)到這

些變化，并將相關(guān)信息發(fā)澇給計算機，然后計算機告訴機器人該怎么做）“可知，計算機向機

器人下命令。故選D項。

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最?段中“Afterspendingovertwoyearsdevelopingit,Teeandhisleain

hopethematerialcanbeputtousewithinfiveyears.（經(jīng)過兩年多的研發(fā)，Tee和他的團(tuán)隊希望

這種材料能在五年內(nèi)投入便用）''可椎知，AiFoam將在不久的將來上市。故詵C項。

16.G17.D18.E19.C20.F

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章提供了一些在颶風(fēng)天氣下加強家庭安全的方法。

16.根據(jù)前文“Hurricaneseasoncanbewildandunpredictable.（颶風(fēng)季節(jié)可能是狂野而不可預(yù)

測的。）“和后文“Herearesomewaysyoucanbeefupyourhomesecurityinhurricaneweather,

evenifyouneedtomoveout.（這里有一些方法可以在颶風(fēng)天氣卜加強你的家庭安仝，即使你

需要搬出去。戶可知，此處是指颶風(fēng)會對?生命財產(chǎn)造成損害，所以選項G”這些危險的風(fēng)暴

會給你的房屋和財物帶來損害?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選G,

17.根據(jù)后文“Thatactuallydocsnothingtoensureyoursafetyinthepowerfulwinds.（這實際上

并不能保證你在強風(fēng)中的安全。戶可知，1hat是指前文中提到了人們面對颶風(fēng)的保護(hù)措施，

所以選項D“你可能會看到人們在颶風(fēng)來之前用膠帶貼窗戶。”切合文意。故選D。

18.根據(jù)后文“Anystumiwateithatiskepiuulofyouihuineisstuimwaleithatvvoiftbeableto

damagethebelongingsinsideyourhome,sosandbagsarcwellworthhavingatyourdoorways

duringahurricane.（任何被當(dāng)在外面的雨水都不會損壞你家里的物品，所以在颶風(fēng)來臨時，在

你的門口放上沙袋是非常值得的。）”可知，此處是指沙袋可以把雨水擋在外面，所以選項E”在

許多情況下，它們將能夠有效地阻擋雨水。''切合文意。故選E。

19.根據(jù)前文“Trim（修剪jtrees,especiallydeadbranches,topreventanythingelsethatcouldfly

throughawindowandcausedamageduringahuEcane.di?剪樹木，尤具是枯枝，以防止任何具

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他東西從窗戶飛進(jìn)來，在颶風(fēng)期間造成破壞。)“可知，此處是指防止庭院里有疏松的東西被

吹到屋子里造成破壞，所以選項C“確保你的院子里沒有任何東西松動是很重要的?！鼻泻衔?/p>

意。故選C。

20.根據(jù)前文“Youshouldalsotakepicturesofexpensiveitemslikeelectronicsandkeepno:esof

theirserialnumbers.(你還應(yīng)該給昂貴的物品拍照，比如電子產(chǎn)品，并記下它們的序列號。)