英語六級閱讀標理解準練習及答案

導讀：我根據(jù)大家的需要整理了一份關(guān)于《英語六級閱讀標理解準練習及

答案》的內(nèi)容，具體內(nèi)容：下面是我整理的，希望對大家有幫助。Federal

ReserveSystem,centralbankingsystemoftheUnitedStates,po...

下面是我整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

FederalReserveSystem,centralbankingsystemoftheUnited

States,popularlycalledtheFed.Acentralbankservesasthebanker

toboththebankingcommunityandthegovernment;italsoissues

thenationalcurrency,conductsmonetarypolicy,andplaysamajor

roleinthesupervisionandregulationofbanksandbankholding

companies.IntheU.S.thesefunctionaretheresponsibilitiesof

keyofficialsoftheFederalReserveSystem:theBoardofGovernors,

locatedinWashington,D.C.,andthetopofficersof12district

FederalReservebanks,locatedthroughoutthenation.TheFeds

actions,describedbelovz,generallyhaveasignificanteffecton

U.S.interestratesand,subsequently,onstock,bond,andother

financialmarkets.

TheFederalReservesbasicpowersareconcentratedintheBoard

ofGovernors,whichisparamountinallpolicyissuesconcerning

bankregulationandsupervisionandinmostaspectsofmonetary

control.TheboardenunciatestheFedspoliciesonbothmonetary

andbankingmatter.Becausetheboardisnotanoperatingagency,

mostoftheday-todayimplementationofpolicydecisionsisleft

tothedistrictFederalReservebanks,stockinwhichisownedby

thecommercialbanksthataremembersoftheFederalReserveSystem.

Ownershipinthisinstance,however,doesnotimplycontrol;the

BoardofGovernorsandtheheadsoftheReservebanksorienttheir

policiestothepublicinterestratherthantothebenefitofthe

privatebankingsystem.

TheU.S.bankingsystemsregulatoryapparatusiscomplex;the

authorityoftheFederalReserveissharedinsomeinstancesfor

example,inmergersortheexaminationofbankswithotherFederal

DepositInsuranceCorporation(FDIC).Inthecriticalareaof

regulatingthenationsmoneysupplyinaccordancewithnational

economicgoals,however,theFederalReserveisindependentwithin

thegovernment,IncomeandexpendituresoftheFederalReservebanks

andoftheboardofgovernorsarenotsubjecttothecongressional

appropriationprocess;theFederalReserveisself-financing.Its

income($20.2billionin1992)comesmainlyfromReservebank

holdingsofincome-earningsecurities,primarilythoseoftheU.S.

government.Outlays($1.5billionin1992)aremostlyfor

operationalexpensesinprovidingservicestothegovernmentand

forexpendituresconnectedwithregulationandmonetarypolicy.In

1992theFederalReservereturned416.8billioninearningstothe

U.S.treasury.

1.TheFedoftheUnitedStates__.

A.functionasChinaBank

B.isthecounterpartofPeoplesBankofChina

C.issubjectedtothebankingcommunityandgovernment

D.has13topofficerswhocaninfluencetheAmericanfinancial

market

2.ThefactthatstockintheFedbelongstocommercialbanks__.

A.doesntmeanthelatterisincontrol

B.meansthelatterisincontrol

C.meansthelatterissubjectedtotheReservebanks

D.meanstheReservebanksorientthelatterspolicies

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Thefedisaverybig,complexandsignificantsystemwhich

comprisesmanylocalbanks.

B.AllthecommercialbanksarenotthecomponentsofFederal

ReserveSystem.

C.Boardofgovernorsisthesupremepolicy-makersofAmerica.

D.DistrictReservebanksratherthanBoardofgovernorsperform

theday-to-daypolicies.

4.TheauthorityofthefederalReserve__.

A.hastobesharedwithotherestablishments.

B.isexclusiveatothertimes

C.isntlimitedbycomptrolleroftheCurrencyandFDIC

D.islimitedbyBoardofgovernors

5.IncomeoftheBoardofgovernors__.

A.isborrowedfromtheU.S.treasury

B.isusedbythegovernmenttomakevariouspolicies

CesfromtheU.S.Treasury

D.isnotgrantedbythegovernment

答案：BACBD

Thefoodirradiationprocessisasimpleone.ThenewU.S.plant,

VindicatorofFloridaIncorporatedinMulberry,Fla.,usesa

materialcalledcobalt60toirradiatefood.Cobalt60is

radioactiveisotope(form)ofthemetallicelementcobalt.Cobalt

60,whichgivesoffradiationintheformofgammarays,isalso

usedforradiationtherapyforcancerpatientsandforsterilizing

hospitalequipment.Theradioactiveisotopeiscreatedby

bombardingcobaltwithsubatomicparticlesinanuclearreactor.

However,irradiationplantsdonotthemselvescontainnuclear

reactors.

Intheirradiationplant,foodisexposedtothinrodsofcobalt

60.Therodsgiveoffgammarays,whichdisruptchemicalprocesses

incontaminatingorganisms.Thedisruptionbreaksdownthecell

wallsoforganismsordestroystheirgeneticmaterial.Thedose,

setbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA),isenoughto

killorganismsonfood,butnotenoughtoproducesignificant

changesinthefooditself.

Althoughirradiationslightlydecreasesthenutritivevalueof

foods,thelossislessthanthatproducedbysomeothermethods

offoodpreservation.Canning,forexample,resultsinamuch

greaterlossofnutrients.

Thosewhoobjecttoirradiationsaythattheprocessmaycreate

substancesnotfoundinnonirradiatedfood.Sincethe1960s

researchershavestudiedirradiatedfoodatmicroscopiclevelsto

trytofindsuchsubstances,calleduniqueradiolyticproducts.

Afterreviewingthesestudies,theFDAdeterminedthatcompounds

formedduringirradiationaresimilartosubstancefoundin

nonirradiatedfoodsandarenotdangeroustoconsume.

Destructionofmicroorganismsthatcauseillnessisanimportant

goalofirradiation.About250millioncasesoffoodpoisoningor

1perperson-occureveryyearintheU.S.,accordingtoFDA

estimates.Foodpoisoningcancausevomiting,diarrhea,fever,

headache一and,occasionally,death.

Becauseoftheapparentsafetyoffoodirradiation,andthe

problemspresentedbycontaminatedfood,scientific

groups—includingtheAmericanMedicalAssociation,theWorld

HealthOrganization,andtheUnitedNationsfoodandAgriculture

Association-havevoicednearlyuniversalsupportfortheprocess.

Worldwide,38nationshaveapprovedirradiationfor355products.

Likemicrowaveovens,foodirradiationhasarousedapprehension

andmisunderstanding.Yetithasbeenscrutinizedmorethoroughly

thanothermethodsoffoodtreatmentthatwehavecometoregard

assafe,anditappearstobeamethodwhosetimehascome.

1.Cobalt60,besidesirradiatingfood,isalsoemployedto___.

A.detectmetallicflaws

B.runanuclearreactor

C.curecancerpatients

D.strengthenconcretewalls

2.Gammaraysusedtoirradiatefood__.

A.aregenerallynotstrongenoughtodestroycontaminating

organisms

B.donotbringaboutsignificantchangesinthe