2025年護士執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試題庫基礎護理學專項護理專業(yè)英語試題匯編考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題要求：選擇最合適的答案。1.Apatientisadmittedtothehospitalwithadiagnosisofcongestiveheartfailure.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinitialnursingintervention?A.AdministerdiureticsB.Monitorthepatient'sintakeandoutputC.ProvideoxygentherapyD.Startalow-sodiumdiet2.Apatientwithahistoryofasthmaisexperiencinganacuteexacerbation.Whichofthefollowingisthefirststepinmanagingthepatient'sairway?A.AdministerabronchodilatorB.StartanantihistamineC.ProvideoxygentherapyD.Monitorthepatient'srespiratoryrate3.Apatientisadmittedtothehospitalwithadiagnosisofdiabetesmellitus.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofdiabetes?A.FatigueB.NauseaC.DiarrheaD.Constipation4.Apatientwithabrokenlegisexperiencingseverepain.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforpainmanagement?A.ApplyacoldcompressB.AdministerasedativeC.ProvideasplintD.Applyaheatpack5.Apatientwithadiagnosisofschizophreniaisexperiencingauditoryhallucinations.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.ProvideatranquilizerB.EncouragethepatienttoengageinactivitiesC.OffercounselingD.Administeranantipsychoticmedication6.Apatientwithadiagnosisofhypertensionisexperiencingaheadache.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.AdministeradiureticB.ProvideawarmcompressC.AdministerapainrelieverD.Startalow-sodiumdiet7.Apatientwithadiagnosisofchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)isexperiencingshortnessofbreath.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.ProvidesupplementaloxygenB.AdministerabronchodilatorC.StartasmokingcessationprogramD.Monitorthepatient'srespiratoryrate8.Apatientwithadiagnosisofdepressionisexperiencinginsomnia.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.ProvideasleepaidB.EncouragethepatienttoengageinactivitiesC.OffercounselingD.Administeranantidepressantmedication9.Apatientwithadiagnosisofdiabetesmellitusisexperiencingfrequenturination.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.Monitorthepatient'sbloodglucoselevelsB.Providealow-sugardietC.AdministerinsulinD.Startaweightlossprogram10.Apatientwithadiagnosisofkidneyfailureisexperiencingswellinginthelegs.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinterventionforthissymptom?A.AdministerdiureticsB.Providealow-sodiumdietC.Monitorthepatient'sfluidintakeD.Startadialysistreatment二、多項選擇題要求：選擇所有正確的答案。1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofapatientwithadiagnosisofpneumonia?A.FeverB.CoughC.ShortnessofbreathD.DiarrheaE.Nausea2.Whichofthefollowingarethenursingresponsibilitiesforapatientwithadiagnosisofdiabetesmellitus?A.Monitorthepatient'sbloodglucoselevelsB.ProvideeducationondietandexerciseC.AdministerinsulinD.StartaweightlossprogramE.Providecounseling3.Whichofthefollowingarethenursinginterventionsforapatientwithadiagnosisofasthma?A.AdministerabronchodilatorB.ProvideoxygentherapyC.Monitorthepatient'srespiratoryrateD.EncouragethepatienttoavoidallergensE.Administeranantihistamine4.Whichofthefollowingarethenursingresponsibilitiesforapatientwithadiagnosisofschizophrenia?A.ProvideatranquilizerB.OffercounselingC.EncouragethepatienttoengageinactivitiesD.Monitorthepatient'smedicationregimenE.Provideasedative5.Whichofthefollowingarethenursinginterventionsforapatientwithadiagnosisofhypertension?A.AdministeradiureticB.ProvideawarmcompressC.AdministerapainrelieverD.Startalow-sodiumdietE.Monitorthepatient'sbloodpressure四、簡答題要求：簡要回答以下問題。1.Explaintheimportanceofhandhygieneinhealthcaresettingsandlistthreewaysinwhichitcanpreventthespreadofinfection.2.Describethestepsinvolvedintheassessmentofapatientwithadiagnosisofdiabetesmellitus.Includetheimportanceofmonitoringbloodglucoselevelsandthefactorsthatcanaffectbloodsugarcontrol.3.Discusstheroleofthenurseinmanagingpainforapatientwithadiagnosisofchronicpain.Includetheuseofpainassessmenttoolsandtheimportanceofpatienteducation.五、論述題要求：詳細論述以下問題。1.Discussthenursingprocessandexplainhowitcanbeappliedtothecareofapatientwithadiagnosisofheartfailure.Includethestepsofassessment,diagnosis,planning,implementation,andevaluation.2.Explaintheconceptofpatientadvocacyinnursingandprovideexamplesofhowanursecanadvocateforapatient'srightsandneeds.3.Discusstheroleofthenurseinpromotinghealthandpreventingdiseasewithinacommunity.Includestrategiesforhealtheducation,screening,andhealthpromotionprograms.六、案例分析題要求：根據(jù)以下案例，回答問題。A65-year-oldmalepatientisadmittedtothehospitalwithadiagnosisofchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD).Thepatienthasahistoryofsmokingfor40yearsandhasbeenexperiencingshortnessofbreathforthepastfewmonths.1.Listfivepotentialnursingdiagnosesforthispatientbasedontheclinicalpresentation.2.DiscussthenursinginterventionsthatwouldbeappropriateforthispatienttomanagehisCOPDsymptomsandimprovehisoverallqualityoflife.3.Explainhowthenursecanassistthepatientindevelopingaself-managementplanforhisCOPD.本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇題1.B.Monitorthepatient'sintakeandoutput解析：在充血性心力衰竭的初始護理干預中，監(jiān)測患者的出入量是最重要的，因為這有助于評估患者的液體平衡和心力衰竭的嚴重程度。2.A.Administerabronchodilator解析：對于哮喘急性發(fā)作的患者，首先應該給予支氣管擴張劑以緩解氣道痙攣，改善呼吸。3.A.Fatigue解析：疲勞是糖尿病的常見癥狀，因為高血糖會影響身體的能量代謝。4.C.Provideasplint解析：對于腿部骨折的患者，提供夾板固定是緩解疼痛和防止骨折進一步移位的關鍵。5.D.Administeranantipsychoticmedication解析：精神分裂癥的治療通常包括抗精神病藥物，以控制癥狀。6.C.Administerapainreliever解析：高血壓患者頭痛時，應該給予止痛藥以緩解疼痛。7.A.Providesupplementaloxygen解析：對于COPD患者，提供額外的氧氣可以改善氧合，緩解呼吸困難。8.C.Offercounseling解析：對于抑郁癥患者，心理咨詢可以幫助患者處理情緒問題。9.A.Monitorthepatient'sbloodglucoselevels解析：糖尿病患者的頻繁尿尿可能是血糖控制不佳的跡象，因此監(jiān)測血糖水平至關重要。10.A.Administerdiuretics解析：腎衰竭患者腿部腫脹可能是由于液體潴留，因此給予利尿劑可以幫助排出多余的水分。二、多項選擇題1.A.FeverB.CoughC.ShortnessofbreathD.DiarrheaE.Nausea解析：肺炎的常見癥狀包括發(fā)熱、咳嗽、呼吸困難、腹瀉和惡心。2.A.Monitorthepatient'sbloodglucoselevelsB.ProvideeducationondietandexerciseC.AdministerinsulinD.StartaweightlossprogramE.Providecounseling解析：糖尿病患者的護理責任包括監(jiān)測血糖、提供飲食和運動教育、給藥、啟動減肥計劃并提供咨詢。3.A.AdministerabronchodilatorB.ProvideoxygentherapyC.Monitorthepatient'srespiratoryrateD.EncouragethepatienttoavoidallergensE.Administeranantihistamine解析：哮喘的護理干預包括給予支氣管擴張劑、提供氧氣治療、監(jiān)測呼吸頻率、鼓勵患者避免過敏原和給予抗組胺藥。4.B.OffercounselingC.EncouragethepatienttoengageinactivitiesD.Monitorthepatient'smedicationregimenE.Provideatranquilizer解析：精神分裂癥的護理包括提供心理咨詢、鼓勵患者參與活動、監(jiān)測藥物方案和必要時給予鎮(zhèn)靜劑。5.A.AdministeradiureticB.ProvideawarmcompressC.AdministerapainrelieverD.Startalow-sodiumdietE.Monitorthepatient'sbloodpressure解析：高血壓的護理干預包括給予利尿劑、提供熱敷、給予止痛藥、開始低鈉飲食和監(jiān)測血壓。四、簡答題1.Handhygieneiscrucialinhealthcaresettingstopreventthespreadofinfections.Threewaysinwhichitcanpreventthespreadofinfectionare:-Reducingthenumberofmicroorganismsonthehandsofhealthcareworkers.-Preventingthetransferofmicroorganismsfromthehandstothepatientorfromthepatienttoothersurfaces.-Breakingthechainofinfectionbyeliminatingtheopportunityformicroorganismstomultiplyandspread.2.Thestepsinvolvedintheassessmentofapatientwithdiabetesmellitusinclude:-Gatheringadetailedhealthhistory,includingsymptoms,medicationuse,anddietaryhabits.-Performingaphysicalexaminationtoassessforsignsofdiabetes-relatedcomplications.-Monitoringbloodglucoselevelsatregularintervalstoassesscontrolandadjusttreatmentasneeded.-Assessingthepatient'sunderstandingofdiabetesmanagementandthefactorsthatcanaffectbloodsugarcontrol.3.Theroleofthenurseinmanagingpainforapatientwithchronicpainincludes:-Usingpainassessmenttoolstoevaluatetheintensity,location,andqualityofpain.-Administeringpainmedicationsasprescribedandmonitoringforsideeffects.-Providingnon-pharmacologicalpainmanagementtechniques,suchasheattherapy,massage,andrelaxationtechniques.-Educatingthepatientaboutpainmanagementstrategiesandtheimportanceofself-care.五、論述題1.Thenursingprocessisasystematicapproachtoprovidingpatientcare.Itcanbeappliedtothecareofapatientwithheartfailureasfollows:-Assessment:Gatheringdataaboutthepatient'sheartfailure,includingsymptoms,physicalexaminationfindings,andlaboratoryresults.-Diagnosis:Identifyingthepatient'shealthproblems,suchasfluidoverloadorheartfailureexacerbation.-Planning:Developingaplanofcarethatincludesinterventionstomanagesymptoms,improveheartfunction,andpreventcomplications.-Implementation:Carryingouttheplannedinterventions,suchasadministeringmedications,providingpatienteducation,andmonitoringthepatient'