Task2DeliveryofPerishableGoods項(xiàng)目8

鮮活貨物運(yùn)輸組織

Project8TransportationOrganizationofFreshandLiveGoods

任務(wù)2易腐貨物發(fā)送作業(yè)王曉明WangXiaoming易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreightVehicleCheck車輛檢查機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前，裝車單位應(yīng)檢查排水裝置、通風(fēng)口、車門及車內(nèi)設(shè)備是否齊全良好，車內(nèi)是否清潔衛(wèi)生。乘務(wù)組接到裝車通知后，還應(yīng)檢查機(jī)組的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況Beforeloadingthemechanicalrefrigeratedtrucks,theloadingunitshouldchecktheconditionofdrainagedevices,vents,doors,equipmentandthecleanlinessofthevehicle.Afterreceivingthenotificationofloading,thecrewshallcheck（1）機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前準(zhǔn)備(1)PreparationBeforeMechanicalRefrigeratedTrucksPackingtheoperationofthetrainset易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreightVehiclepre-cooling車輛預(yù)冷Whenusingthemechanicalrefrigeratedtrucksfortransportingperishablefreight,thevehiclemustbepre-cooledbeforeloading,andfreightcanbeloadedonlyafterthepre-coolingtemperaturereducestothetemperaturerequiredbythetransportagreement使用機(jī)械冷藏車?yán)洳剡\(yùn)輸易腐貨物，裝車前必須預(yù)冷車輛，車內(nèi)的預(yù)冷溫度，待車內(nèi)溫度降低到規(guī)定溫度后（協(xié)議運(yùn)輸從其約定），方可裝車（1）機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前準(zhǔn)備(1)PreparationBeforeMechanicalRefrigeratedTrucksPacking易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreight-3to0°Cforfrozenfreight;11to15°Cforbananas,9to12°Cforpineapplesandoranges;0to3°CforotherperishablefreightVehiclepre-cooling車輛預(yù)冷凍結(jié)貨物為－3~0℃；香蕉為11~15℃，菠蘿、柑桔為9~12℃；其他易腐貨物為0~3℃（1）機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前準(zhǔn)備(1)PreparationBeforeMechanicalRefrigeratedTrucksPacking易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreightFillintheLetterofNoticeofMechanicalRefrigeratedTruckLoading填記機(jī)械冷藏車裝車通知單Afterthearrivalofthemechanicalrefrigeratedtruck,theoriginatingstationshouldfillinLetteroftheloadingtime,location,freightname,tonnage,arrival,etc.,andsubmitittothecrew12hoursbeforeloadingsothatthecrewcanmakeloadingpreparations發(fā)站在機(jī)械冷藏車到達(dá)后，應(yīng)將裝車時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、貨物品名、噸數(shù)、到站等事項(xiàng)填記在機(jī)械冷藏車裝車通知單內(nèi)，于裝車前12h交乘務(wù)組，作為準(zhǔn)備裝車的通知（1）機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前準(zhǔn)備(1)PreparationBeforeMechanicalRefrigeratedTrucksPacking易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreight兩站分裝的，第二裝車站應(yīng)在車輛到達(dá)后及時(shí)交給乘務(wù)組。乘務(wù)組應(yīng)在裝車前做好上水、補(bǔ)足油料、預(yù)冷車輛等工作Forpackagingintotwostations,thefreightshallbehandedovertothecrewatthesecondloadingstation.Thecrewshallfillwater,fuelandpre-coolthevehiclebeforeloadingFillintheLetterofNoticeofMechanicalRefrigeratedTruckLoading填記機(jī)械冷藏車裝車通知單（1）機(jī)械冷藏車裝車前準(zhǔn)備(1)PreparationBeforeMechanicalRefrigeratedTrucksPacking裝車作業(yè)應(yīng)使用不致?lián)p壞車體、車內(nèi)設(shè)備的工具裝車過程中應(yīng)防止造成易腐貨物破裂、折斷、壓碰、磨損等機(jī)械損傷經(jīng)過預(yù)冷的機(jī)械冷藏車，應(yīng)采取措施保持車內(nèi)溫度，避免降低預(yù)冷效果用棚車裝運(yùn)通風(fēng)運(yùn)輸?shù)囊赘浳铮_窗通風(fēng)LoadingoperationsshouldusetoolsnotdamagingthevehicleortheequipmentMechanicaldamagesofperishablefreightsuchasbreakage,fracture,crushingandMeasuresshouldbetakentomaintaintheinnertemperatureafterpre-coolingthemechanicalrefrigeratedvehiclestoavoidreducingthepre-coolingeffectVentilationisrequiredwhenconductingventilatedtransportationofperishablefreightbyboxcars易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreightabrasionshouldbepreventedduringloading（2）裝車注意事項(xiàng)(2)LoadingNotes單節(jié)機(jī)械冷藏車每車裝卸車作業(yè)時(shí)間不得超過3h裝貨車為4輛型的機(jī)械冷藏車組，每組不得超過6h，其中每一車的裝卸作業(yè)時(shí)間不得超過3h裝(卸)車期間需要制冷的，要在“機(jī)械冷藏車作業(yè)單”中注明起止時(shí)間超過上述規(guī)定時(shí)間的，車站按規(guī)定核收有關(guān)費(fèi)用Theoperationtimeperiodofthemechanicalrefrigeratedtrucksshallnotexceed3hpertruckForloadingtrucksetwith4trucks,theoperationtimeperiodshallnotexceed6h,Ifrefrigerationisrequiredduringloading(unloading),thestartandendtimesshouldbeindicatedinthe“MechanicalRefrigeratorTruckOperationSheet".Exceedingthetimelimit,relevantfeeswillbechargedbythestationasrequired易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreightofwhichtheoperationtimeperiodforeachtruckshallnotexceed3h（3）裝卸時(shí)間規(guī)定（不包括洗車和預(yù)冷時(shí)間）(3)Loadingandunloadingtimeregulations(excludingvehicle-cleaningandpre-cooling)易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreight易腐貨物的裝載方法可以分為兩類：Loadingmethodsforperishablefreightcanbedividedintotwocategories緊密堆碼裝載法減少貨物間的空隙，減緩貨物本身冷量的散失。主要適用于凍肉、凍魚、冰淇淋、雪糕等凍結(jié)貨物和夾冰魚蝦、貝類等冷卻貨物TightlystackedloadingmethodReducethegapsbetweenfreightandslowsdownthedissipationofcoldfromtheicecream,etc.andcooledfreightsuchascooledfish,shrimps,shellfish,etc.goodsthemselves.Mainlysuitableforfrozenfreightsuchasfrozenmeat,frozenfish,（4）易腐貨物的裝載方法(4)Loadingmethodsforperishablefreight易腐貨物的裝車知識點(diǎn)三KnowledgePointIIILoadingofPerishableFreight易腐貨物的裝載方法可以分為兩類：Loadingmethodsforperishablefreightcanbedividedintotwocategories留通風(fēng)空隙裝載法貨物或貨件間留有通風(fēng)間隙和通風(fēng)道，以利散熱和車內(nèi)空氣循環(huán)，適用于具有包裝且有熱量散發(fā)的冷卻貨物和未冷卻貨物。例如水果、蔬菜，可散發(fā)貨物的田間熱和呼吸熱Ventilationgapsandairwaysareleftbetweenfreighttofacilitateheatdissipationandandheatemission.Forexample,fruitsandvegetableswhichcandissipatefieldheatandrespiratoryheataircirculationinthevehicle,suitableforcooledanduncooledfreightwithpackagingVentilationgaploadingmethod（4）易腐貨物的裝載方法Loadingmethodsforperishablefreight車站、鐵路專用線（專用鐵路）、冷藏車乘務(wù)組要認(rèn)真按車填寫“機(jī)械冷藏車作業(yè)單”“冷藏箱供電作業(yè)單”，并做好傳遞交接工作車站貨運(yùn)員和冷藏車乘務(wù)組應(yīng)對裝卸車作業(yè)進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)聯(lián)系托運(yùn)人、收貨人共同解決。貨物裝車完畢，冷藏車乘務(wù)組應(yīng)檢查車門是否關(guān)閉嚴(yán)密，及時(shí)記錄車內(nèi)溫度并開機(jī)調(diào)溫unloadingoperation,andcontacttheconsignorandconsigneetimelyforsettlementifCrewofstations,specialrailwaylines(specialrailway),refrigeratedtrucksshouldf