項(xiàng)目二傳感器與變送器2.1船舶機(jī)艙常用傳感器2.2

變送器2.1

船舶機(jī)艙常用傳感器傳感器組成敏感元件轉(zhuǎn)換元件能直接感受或響應(yīng)被測(cè)量的部分如應(yīng)變式壓力傳感器的彈性膜片將敏感元件感受或響應(yīng)的被測(cè)量轉(zhuǎn)換成適于傳輸或測(cè)量的電信號(hào)部分傳感器和變送器是反饋控制系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)，沒有這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，無法實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)控制。開環(huán)也是機(jī)艙監(jiān)視和報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分，監(jiān)視機(jī)電設(shè)備的運(yùn)行工況，采集信號(hào)傳給監(jiān)視報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。一 溫度傳感器1 熱電阻式溫度傳感器熱電阻材料（銅絲、鉑絲）的電阻率隨溫度的增加而增加原理純金屬---

鉑、銅材料電阻體、絕緣體、保護(hù)套管、接線盒結(jié)構(gòu)二線制、三線制、四線制接線一 溫度傳感器1 熱電阻式溫度傳感器一 溫度傳感器PT100分度表

C01234567890100100.39100.78101.17101.56101.95102.34102.73103.12103.5110103.9104.29104.68105.07105.46105.85106.24106.63107.02107.420107.79108.18108.75108.96109.35109.73110.12110.51110.9111.2830111.67112.06112.45112.83113.22113.61114.99114.38114.77115.1540115.54115.93116.31116.7117.08117.47117.85118.24118.62119.0150119.4119.78120.16120.55120.93121.32121.7122.09112.47112.8660123.24123.62124.01124.39124.77125.16125.54125.92126.31126.6970127.07127.45127.84128.22128.6128.98129.37129.75130.13130.5180130.89131.27131.66132.04132.42132.8133.18133.56133.94134.3290134.7135.08135.46135.84136.22136.6136.98137.36137.74138.12100138.5138.88139.26139.64140.02140.39140.77141.15141.53141.91一 溫度傳感器三線制二線制接線方式u

aR1RtR2WER0baRtu

R1R2WER0b12312一 溫度傳感器鉑電阻構(gòu)成：金屬鉑絲(0.02~0.07mm)繞制成線圈特點(diǎn)：性能極為穩(wěn)定，易于提純，工藝性好輸入輸出特性接近線性，測(cè)量精度高銅電阻應(yīng)用：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溫度計(jì)，高精度工業(yè)測(cè)溫特點(diǎn)：易于提純，高溫易氧化，易被腐蝕輸入輸出特性接近線性，測(cè)量精度低應(yīng)用：小溫度范圍，特定條件下能代替鉑構(gòu)成：金屬鉑絲(0.02~0.07mm)繞制成線圈一 溫度傳感器2 熱電偶式溫度傳感器大連海事大學(xué)原理：熱電效應(yīng)，兩種不同性質(zhì)的導(dǎo)體A、B組成閉合回路，當(dāng)導(dǎo)體的節(jié)點(diǎn)兩端處于不同的溫度時(shí)，兩者之間將產(chǎn)生一熱電勢(shì)，熱電勢(shì)大小與兩端溫差成正比。一 溫度傳感器適用場(chǎng)合：高溫，如主機(jī)排氣溫度的檢測(cè)冷端溫度補(bǔ)償：電橋補(bǔ)償法baeWER1R2R

R0u0一 溫度傳感器國(guó)際通用熱電偶用于制造鉑熱電偶的各種鉑熱電偶絲B:鉑銠30—鉑銠6、S:鉑銠10—鉑、N:鎳鉻—鎳硅、J:鐵—銅鎳、R:鉑銠13—鉑、K:鎳鉻—鎳硅、E:鎳鉻—銅鎳、T:銅—銅鎳一 溫度傳感器分度號(hào)名 稱測(cè)量溫度范圍1000

C熱電勢(shì)/

mVB鉑銠30

—

鉑銠650～1820

C4.834R鉑銠13

—

鉑-50～1768

C10.506S鉑銠10

—

鉑-50～1768

C9.587K鎳鉻

—

鎳硅-270～1370

C41.276E鎳鉻

—

銅鎳

(康銅)-270～800

C常用熱電偶的測(cè)溫范圍及熱電勢(shì)一 溫度傳感器熱電偶與熱電阻的區(qū)別測(cè)溫范圍（高溫測(cè)量VS低溫測(cè)量）金屬材料不同（雙金屬VS單金屬）檢測(cè)原理（感應(yīng)電動(dòng)勢(shì)VS電阻）接線方式（有正負(fù)之分VS無正負(fù)之分）K型熱電偶分度表一 溫度傳感器溫度0-10-20-30-40-50-60-70-80-90-95-100-200-5.8914-6.0346-6.1584-6.2618-6.3438-6.4036-6.4411-6.4577-100-3.5536-3.8523-4.1382-4.4106-4.669-4.9127-5.1412-5.354-5.5503-5.7297-5.8128-

5.89100-0.3919-0.7775-1.1561-1.5629-1.8894-2.2428-2.5866-2.9201-3.2427-3.3996-

3.553溫度010203040506070809095100000.39690.79811.20331.61182.02312.43652.85123.26663.68193.88924.0961004.09624.50914.91995.32845.73456.13836.54026.94067.34007.73917.93878.1382008.13858.53868.93999.34279.747210.153410.561310.970911.382111.794712.001512.20830012.208612.623613.039613.456613.874514.293114.712615.132715.553615.97516.186016.39740016.397116.819817.243117.666918.091118.515818.940919.366319.792120.218120.431220.64450020.644321.070621.497121.923622.3522.776423.202723.628824.054724.480224.692924.90560024.905525.330325.754726.178626.60227.024927.447127.868628.289528.709628.919429.12970029.129029.547629.965330.382230.798331.213531.627732.041032.453432.864933.070333.27580033.275433.684934.093434.501034.907535.313135.717736.121236.523836.925437.125837.32590037.325937.725538.124038.521538.918039.313539.70840.101540.493940.885341.080641.275100041.275641.664942.053142.440342.826343.211243.595143.977744.359344.739644.929345.118110045.118745.496645.873346.248746.622746.995547.366847.736848.105448.472648.655648.838120048.838249.202449.565149.926350.285850.643951.000351.355251.708552.060252.235452.410130052.410352.758853.105853.451253.795254.