HumanBiologyUnit9FocusonLanguage

ThePerfect完成時態(tài)LearningobjectivesBytheendofthisperiod,studentswillbeableto:1.understandtheusageofThePerfect;2.learnhowtousetheperfecttenseintheexerciseandwriting.LeadinPresentation完成時ThePerfect1.定義完成時表示一個完成的動作。用來表示現(xiàn)在、過去或者未來某個時間點已經(jīng)或將會完成的動作。2.構成主語+have(根據(jù)時態(tài)和人稱變化形式)+動詞過去分詞3.類別1）現(xiàn)在完成時Presentperfect2）現(xiàn)在完成進行時

Presentperfectcontinuous3）過去完成時

Pastperfect4）過去完成進行時

Pastperfectcontinuous1.PresentPerfect(現(xiàn)在完成時)1.Ihaveenjoyedworkinginthisjob.2.Shehasthoughtaboutitforalongtime.3.Theyhaveallagreedthatitisthebest

courseofaction.我喜歡這份工作。她已經(jīng)想了很久了。他們都已經(jīng)同意這是最好的行動方針?，F(xiàn)在完成時的構成:have/has+ved1.定義現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，可能持續(xù)發(fā)生下去。(1)表示動作發(fā)生在過去，到現(xiàn)在已完成，強

調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，常與yet,

already,

just,

before,

lately等詞連用。(2)表示動作從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)

在，還有可能繼續(xù)下去，常同thesedays,

recently,

sofar,

inthelast/past…,

"for+時間

段"和"since+時間點"等連用。2.構成主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞2.PresentPerfectContinuous(現(xiàn)在完成進行時)1.Ihavebeenwaitingforhimforthepasthour.

2.Aihasbeenstudyingallday.

3.Shehasbeenrunninginalotofracesrecently.

現(xiàn)在完成進行時的構成:have/hasbeen+ving(andhestillhasn'tarrived)(andsheisstillstudyingnow)(andshehasn'tstoppedthis)1.定義現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。(1)表示動作從過去某時開始，一直延續(xù)到說

話時刻，還在繼續(xù)進行或可能進行下去，常與

表示一段時間的狀語連用。(2)表示一個動作從過去某時開始，一直延續(xù)

到說話時刻剛結束。2.構成主語+have/has+been+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞3.Pastperfect(過去完成時

)1.

WhenIarrivedJanehadjustleft.

2.

Theplayhadalreadystartedwhenwegottothetheatre.

3.

BytheendofJunetheyhadtreatedover10,000patients.我到時簡剛剛離開。我們到劇場時戲已經(jīng)開始了。到六月底他們已經(jīng)治療了一萬多病人。過去完成時的構成:had+ved1.定義過去完成時表示過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，以及此動作對過去的某一點造成的影響。2.構成主語+had+動詞過去分詞4.Pastperfectcontinuous(過去完成進行時

)1.Ihadbeenwalkingaroundallmorningbefore

Ifoundher.2.Wehadbeentryingtofindtherightroadfor

nearlyanhourbeforewefinallyspotted

(看見)it.3.Theyhadbeenwatchingtheseriesforthreemonths.過去完成進行時的構成：hadbeen+ving1.定義過去完成進行時表示動作從過去的過去開始一直延續(xù)到過去某個時間點。在過去某個時間點時，這個動作可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進行。2.構成主語+had+been+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞Practice1.OnThursday,theInstituteofNeuroscienceannouncedit________________(clone)twomonkeysusingnonreproductivecells.2.Itisreportedthatresearchersallaroundtheworld__________________(conduct)testsonanimals,suchasmiceanddogs,formanyyearsbutcouldn'tfindawaytoclonemonkeys.3.Thenewsofthesuccessfulcloning______________(attract)attentionfromaroundtheworld.4.However,cloningprimates________________(alsoraise)ethicalconcerns.5.Forexample,somepeople____________________(discuss)issuesconcerninghowcloneswillbetreatedinsociety.hadclonedhavebeenconductinghasattracted

havealsoraisedhavebeendiscussing6.Thecyclist___________________(perform)impossiblywellforseveralpetitions,raisingthesuspicionsofthejudges.7.He____________________(represent)hiscountryatinternationaleventsforoveradecadeandcontinuestoimpresseveryone.8.Scientists__________________(discover)evenmorewaystoimprovephysicalperformanceoverthepasttenyears.9.I____________________(try)toqualifyfortheswimmingteamforthreeyears,butIstillcan'tquitemakethecut.10.He_____________(finish)fivesecondsearlierintheevent,soshewaschosenfortheOlympicteam.havebeenperforming

hasbeenrepresentinghavediscoveredhavebeentrying

hadfinished

SummaryHomework單句語法填空1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)SinceJune2017,rightbeforethearrivalofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,I_________________(help)thepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorefortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.2.(2024·浙江1月高考)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets_________________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).3.Uptonow,he_________________(select)chairmanoftheStudents’Uniontwiceinourschool.4.DuringherstayinHangzhou,Jennytriedalmostallthelocalfoodsherfriends_______________________(remend).5.Thecostofliving_________________(go)