大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)UnitoneHowtoimproveYour

StudyHabits

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：

關(guān)于studyhabits的常識(shí)。對(duì)schedule,distraction,testandgrades的認(rèn)識(shí)。

教學(xué)目的：

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生明確大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，學(xué)會(huì)自主學(xué)習(xí)和主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，養(yǎng)成良好而有效的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，并和同學(xué)交流自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。

學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容

Informationrelatedtothetext

Studyofthewordsandtext

Difficultsentences

Writingstyleandtechniques

Questionsforconsiderationanddiscussion

Intelligenceisanabstractconcept.Aperson’s

intelligencelevelisdecidedbyhisIntelligenceQuotient

(i.eIQ),apsychologicaltermthatisusedtoshow

whetheroneisintelligentornot.Here“averageintelligence”means“normalabilitytolearnandunderstand.”Astudentwithaverageintelligenceoranaveragestudentisastudentneitherverybrightnorverydullwhodoessufficientlywellbutwinsnodistinction.Whenwesayapersonisintelligent,weusuallymeanheorshestudiesandlearnsfast,orcomesupwithcleversolutionstoproblem.AverageintelligenceWhenyourIQisbetween80-100,youareofaverage

intelligence;whenyourscoreismorethan130,you

canberegardedastalent.Skimmingandscanningaretwomajorfastreading

skills.Scanning,incontrast,isdefinedastheabilitytolocatespecificinformationorfactsasrapidlyaspossible.Usually,whenyouscanforinformation,youknowwhatyouarelookingforbeforeyoubegin.Thesetwotermsaresometimesusedinterchangeably.

Generally,however,skimmingisdefinedastheability

toidentifymainideaswhilerapidlydiscardingminor

points.SkimmingandSkinningStudyofthewordsandtext

average:

concentrate

commit

occupy

aware

(adj):mean平均的(on)(vi):全神貫注(vt)犯(錯(cuò)誤、罪行)…(vt)使忙碌，使從事(adj)意識(shí)到，知道

averageadj.平均的ordinary;normal普通的，一般的(n)平均數(shù)，平均(v)平均例子：WhatistheaveragerainfallforJuly?Theaverageageofthestudentsinthisclassis19.

ordinary;normal普通的，一般的WhatistheyearlyincomeofanaveragefamilyinShanghai?IwasaverageinmyclassthoughIhadhopedI

wouldbebetter.

adj.平均的:

on(the/an)average一般說(shuō)來(lái)，通常。

above/belowtheaverage在一般水平以上/以下

(n)平均數(shù)，平均concentrate(on)(vi)全神貫注，全力以赴

(vt)集中，聚集濃縮

keepordirectallone’sefforts,thoughtsattention,ect.Yourshouldconcentrateyourattentiononyourstudy.Thefirststepistoconcentratefruitjuice.concentration(n)

concentrationcamp集中營(yíng)Heconcentratedonhisreadingsothathecouldunderstandthestory.Pleaseconcentrateonyourwork.

commit:(vt)

performacrime,afoolishact,ect犯（錯(cuò)誤、罪行），干（蠢事、壞事）Theyhavecommittedmanyhorriblecrimesagainst

theAmericanpeople.(oneselfto)makeoneselfresponsible;undertake使承擔(dān)義務(wù)，使承諾Hehascommittedhimselftosupporttheseorphans.

(sb/sthto)entrust,giveup,handoverto,forsafe

keepingortreatment.把…托付給，把…置于Whensheisbusy,sheoftencommitsherdaughter

tohermother.

decidetogive(time,money,ect)forspecialusage.調(diào)撥…供使用，撥出

occupy(vt)

takeup;causetoengage使忙碌，使從事Heoccupiedhimselfin/withcollectingstamps.Hersonoccupiesallherattention.beoccupiedin/with

takeandpossess占，占用，占領(lǐng)Sorry,thisseatisoccupied.Weoccupiedtheenemy’scapitalyesterdaymorning.

aware（adj）(of/that):

havingknowledgeorrealization意識(shí)到，知道Areyouawareofyourmistakes?Heisfullyawarethatheislateforthemeeting.

awareandconscious辨析：

aware強(qiáng)調(diào)感官對(duì)外界事物的感覺(jué)。

conscious則強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心的感覺(jué)。Hewasnotawareofmyarrival.Hewasconsciousofthatmanstaringathim.Difficultsentences(難句講解)

Soundstoogoodtobetrue.(Introduction)Itisanellipticalsentence.Thesubject“it”isomittedhere.Thisideaissogoodthatyoucanhardlybelieveit.e.g.Yourstorysoundstobetrue.“too…to…”structureindicatesnegativemeaning.e.g.Thewateristoodirtytodrink.Itsoundstomeasifyoureallydiditforme.sound:seemwhenheardDifficultsentences(難句講解)Thisisnotnecessarilythecase,however.(L.3)Theword“This”indicatestheprevioustwosentences:

“Perhapsyouareanaveragestudentwithaverage

intelligence”,“Youdowellenoughinschool,butyou

probablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.

“However”isusedtoindicateconversion.Thisisatypicalsimplesentence,thoughthereis

alittlebitdifficultyforustounderstandthe

meaning.Itcanbeputatthebeginning,themiddle,ortheend

ofthesentences.Difficultsentences(難句講解)

Yes,evenstudentsofaverageintelligencecanbetop

studentswithoutadditionalwork.“Yes”isusedherenottoansweraquestion,butto

emphasizewhatisgoingtosayordiscuss.Itisusedin

thetexttoemphasizethepoint:“receivebettergrades”.“even”inthesentenceisalsousedtoemphasize”studentsofaverageintelligence”.Thisemphasisindicatesthatyou”maydobetterthan

thembecauseyouareabovetheaverage”.Difficultsentences(難句講解)Fillincommittedtimesuchaseating,sleeping,

meetings,classes,etc.(L6-7)Theunderstandingofthesentenceliesinthe

understandingofthephrase“committedtime”.Accordingtothedetailedexplanation:“suchaseating,

sleeping,meetings,classes”,weknowthattheseare

thingswemustdoeveryday.Sowecanguessthat“thecommittedtime”means

timesetasideforspecialpurpose.Difficultsentences(難句講解)

Thisweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallofyour

problems,butitwillmakeyoumoreawareofhowyou

spendyourtime.(L12-14)Thisisacommonlyusedcomplexsentence.Thetwosentencesareconnectedbyconjunction“but”.Complexsentencecanalsobeconnectedby“and”,“or”,orevenpunctuation.Theclause“howyouspendyourtime”isusedastheobjectof“of”.

This“preposition+objectiveclause”isfrequentlyusedinEnglish.Therearemoreexamplestoexplaintheusage.e.g.I’mlookingforwardtowhatyou’llsay.Writingstyleandtechniques本文是說(shuō)明文，文章大致可分為三部分。第二部分包括第二至七段，共六段，這六段講述了人類(lèi)從古到今對(duì)大腦的了解及研究。第一部分即第一段雖然只有一句話(huà)，卻很清楚地點(diǎn)明了全文的中心思想，即人類(lèi)對(duì)于其身體中最有功效，最為復(fù)雜的部位----大腦，仍有很多需要了解的東西。第三部分即最后一段，這段與第一段一樣簡(jiǎn)潔，只有兩句話(huà)，卻簡(jiǎn)明地