Page1合肥2024屆高三最后一卷英語試題本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhatwillSandydoontheweekend?A．Workonherpaper.B．Gopicnicking.C．Collectdataforherplan.2．Whatwasthenormalpriceofthescarf?A．$15．B．$30．C．$50．3．WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSunday?A．Attendawedding.B．Pickupafriend.C．Visitanexhibition.4．WhendoesthepostofficecloseonSaturdays?A．At1:30p.m.B．At3:30p.m.C．At4:30p.m.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inabookstore.B．Inaclassroom.C．Atahotel.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhatdoweknowaboutSandra?A．Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.B．Sheprefersaroomofherown.C．Shelivesjustinthedowntown.7．Whatisgoodabouttheapartment?A．Ithasalargesittingroom.B．Ithasalotofnewfurniture.C．Ithasawell-equippedkitchen.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WherehasLindabeen?A．Mumbai.B．NewDelhi.C．Calcutta.9．WhathasLindagotinhersuitcase?A．Books.B．Shoes.C．Stones.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10．WhatisJackLewisdoingnow?A．Heissightseeing.B．Heisonbusiness.C．Heischairingameeting.11．WhatpossiblerelationisthewomantoMr.Lewis?A．Hiswife.B．Hisboss.C．Hissecretary.12．Whatisthemessageabout?A．Abusinessconference.B．AvisittoLiverpool.C．Thedateforatrip.13．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Signanagreement.B．Confirmameeting.C．Decidetheproject.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhendidDorothyhandinthereport?A．OnDecember1st.B．OnDecember3rd.C．OnDecember5th.15．WhydidProfessorScottreturnDorothy’sreport?A．Itwaslateforthedeadline.B．Itlackedsomekeyinformation.C．Itfocusedjustonthecoffeebrand.16．WhatisthemostimportanttoLuckin’ssuccess?A．Thetasteofitscoffee.B．Itsall-roundserviceC．Itsscientificmanagement.17．WhatdoestheprofessoradviseDorothytodo?A．Toleaveoutsomefigures.B．Tochangeanewtopic.C．Todomoreresearch.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhatkindofEnglishlessonsdoesthespeakerrecommend?A．Listeningandspeaking.B．Readingandwriting.C．Examinationskills.19．Whatismentionedasanadvantageofthespeaker’sonlinecourse?A．Itimproveslearners’Englishskillsquickly.B．Ithelpstomakefriendswithforeigners.C．Itofferslearnersbetterstudymethods.20．What’sthespeaker’sideaaboutlearningEnglish?A．Beingconfidentinlearning.B．Havingclearlearninggoals.C．LearningEnglishlittlebylittle.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASentryMead,IsleofWightSentryMeadisanidealdestinationwithninebeautifullydecoratedbedrooms.Theattentiontodetailisexceptional.Hence,eachroomenjoysitsownuniqueness.Andguestsdelightinfeaturessuchaspilesofbooks,homemadecupcakes,chocolatesandapillowmenu.Dogsarewelcomedandareallowedeverywhereexceptthediningroom.Besideswalksandtreats,thereareblanketsforthemtoo.TheHalfwayBridge,WestSussexTheHalfwayBridge,awelcomingvillagepub-with-rooms,isoriented(指向的)towardsrurallife,famousforitsdeliciouslocalandfreshfood—theirburgersareparticularlypopular.Roomsareinasingle-storyblockbehindthepub,andoffercontemporaryruralstyle.Dogscanstayinselectroomswithgardenaccess.Treatsforfour-leggedfriendsareavailableinthelounge(大廳)andbarandthere’salwaysawaterbowltohand.TheFalcondale,WalesTheFalcondaleisaromanticdestination.Stayinavalley-viewroomandenjoytheteapot.coffeepotandshortbreadavailableinallrooms.Dogsnotonlyenjoythelandscape,butcansitwithyouinpartoftherestaurant.There’saluxuryCanineRetreatpackageavailable.Bowls,blankets,towels,messbags,leads,atorchandanoutdoortapareprovided,aswellastreats,atemperature-controlleddogbathandadogdiningmenu.TheTraddock,AustwickTheplacetogoforwalking,especiallyifyouchoosetobringthedogwithyou.TheTraddockisawelcomecountryhouseintheYorkshireDalesnationalpark.Homelyandwarm,roomsaredecoratedincomfortingstylebutwithaclearsenseofluxurytoo.Locallysourcedfoodalwaystakescenterstage.Thepersonalwelcomeextendstofour-leggedfriendswhowilllovethemanysurroundingwalksandthepeacefulgarden.Afteradayoutdoors,theycanrelaxintheloungeandbar.1.WhatisspecialaboutSentryMead?A.Itwelcomesdogs. B.Itisdetail-focused.C.Ithasluxuryrooms. D.Ithasfinedecorations.2.WhyistheCanineRetreatpackageoffered?A.Tohavedogsexamined. B.Tocreateadatabaseofdogs.C.Totakegoodcareofdogs. D.Topromotesomedogfood.3.Whatdothehotelshaveincommon?A.Theyaredog-friendly. B.Theyareinthedowntown.C.Theyhaveruralscenery. D.Theyhavedogshelters.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾處允許帶狗入住的旅游目的地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SentryMead,IsleofWight標(biāo)題下的“Theattentiontodetailisexceptional.Hence,eachroomenjoysitsownuniqueness.(對細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注是非同尋常的。因此，每個(gè)房間都有自己的獨(dú)特之處)”可知，SentryMead的獨(dú)特之處在于它注重細(xì)節(jié)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFalcondale,Wales標(biāo)題下的“There’saluxuryCanineRetreatpackageavailable.Bowls,blankets,towels,messbags,leads,atorchandanoutdoortapareprovided,aswellastreats,atemperature-controlleddogbathandadogdiningmenu.(有豪華的犬類療養(yǎng)套餐可供選擇。酒店提供碗、毯子、毛巾、餐袋、引線、手電筒和戶外水龍頭，以及零食、溫控狗棒和狗餐菜單)”可知，CanineRetreatpackage能夠很好的照顧狗狗們。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SentryMead,IsleofWight標(biāo)題下的“ Dogsarewelcomedandareallowedeverywhereexceptthediningroom.

(狗是受歡迎的，除了餐廳外，其他地方都允許養(yǎng)狗)”, TheHalfwayBridge,WestSussex標(biāo)題下的“Dogscanstayinselectroomswithgardenaccess.(狗狗可以入住帶花園的精選客房)”, TheFalcondale,Wales標(biāo)題下的“Dogsnotonlyenjoythelandscape,butcansitwithyouinpartoftherestaurant.

(狗狗不僅可以欣賞風(fēng)景，還可以和你一起坐在餐廳的一部分)”以及“Theplacetogoforwalking,especiallyifyouchoosetobringthedogwithyou.

(散步的地方，尤其是如果你選擇帶狗的話)”可知，這四處旅游目的地的共同之處是都可帶狗入住，對狗狗很友好。故選A。BColorado’sGraysPeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardsthetop,thoughthereareplentyofbushes,rocks,etc.ItwasinthisunforgivingplacethatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveabitterexperience.ItwasAugust2018,andWedelsted,56,wasonherwaybackdownthetrail(小路)withthreefriends.Astormwasupon,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedthatinsteadofshakingdownonherhip—thesafewaytogo—shewouldleap.Thenshelandedonherleftlegandheardasnap(劈啪聲).Everystepafterthatwaspainful.Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpherdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman’scarry?”Beforesheknewit,heliftedheroverhisshoulder.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendsfollowed.Threehoursandtwomountainousmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymettheambulancemen,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.NowWedelstedthasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butsheknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.I’mstillinawenow,”shesaid.4.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tocallonreaderstohaveatripthere.B.TointroducethesceneryofGraysPeak.C.Toshowthedifficultsituationforhikers.D.TodescribeWedelstedt’sfavoritetravel.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Walkingdowntherockymountain.B.SupportingWedelstedttowalk.C.Leapingfromthemountaintop.D.KeepingWedelstedtonthetrail.6.HowdidstrangershelpWedelstedt?A.Bygivingherencouragement. B.Bysupportingheronbothsides.C.Byfollowingheralltheway. D.Bycarryingherbyturns.7.WhatdoesWedelstedtwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Sheisstillscarednowadays. B.Shewillforgetthesadevent.C.Shehasafreshgoodmemory. D.Sheisrespectfultothestrangers.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Wedelstedt在下山時(shí)不幸傷到了她左腿，得到一群陌生人的幫助，她的朋友以及其他的登山客組成一條“人肉”傳送帶，用接力的方式將她背下山的故事，這使得Wedelstedt終生難忘他們的幫助?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Colorado’sGraysPeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardsthetop,thoughthereareplentyofbushes,rocks,etc.ItwasinthisunforgivingplacethatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveabitterexperience.(科羅拉多州的格雷斯峰海拔14278英尺，高到樹木無法向頂部生長，盡管那里有很多灌木、巖石等。正是在這個(gè)無情的地方，BevWedelstedt不幸經(jīng)歷了一次痛苦的經(jīng)歷)”和第二段中“Thenshelandedonherleftlegandheardasnap(劈啪聲).(然后她左腿著地，聽到啪的一聲)”Wedelstedt受傷可知，談及第一段是為了展示科羅拉多州的格雷斯峰對徒步旅行者來說存在的艱難處境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段中“Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpherdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.(當(dāng)一個(gè)朋友跑下來尋求幫助時(shí)，其他一些徒步旅行者，都是陌生人，試圖幫助她沿著狹窄的小路走下去，在她兩側(cè)行走以支撐她的體重，但事實(shí)證明，that既緩慢又危險(xiǎn))”可知，that指代上文已提到的內(nèi)容，上文講到其他人試圖攙扶著她下山，可得出that指代“支撐Wedelstedt行走”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“Beforesheknewit,heliftedheroverhisshoulder.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendsfollowed.Threehoursandtwomountainousmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymettheambulancemen,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.(在她意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)之前，馬特已把她抱在自己肩上。馬特顯然不能一個(gè)人把她抱下去。于是，六名徒步旅行者和她的一個(gè)朋友緊隨其后。三個(gè)小時(shí)零兩英里后，這條人類傳送帶終于遇到了救護(hù)人員，救護(hù)人員將Wedelstedt送往醫(yī)院)”可知，陌生人通過輪流抱著Wedelstedt下山來幫助她。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中“butsheknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.I’mstillinawenow,”shesaid.(但她知道，從那一天起，她永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)動(dòng)搖一件事：對前來營救她的一群陌生人的記憶。她說：“我告訴他們我想見見很多人，但這不是我想要的方式。我仍然很欽佩?！?”可知，Wedelstedt終生難忘陌生人的幫助，對他們表示尊敬。故選D項(xiàng)。COnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.Thegoal?Togetelectedofficialsandindustryleaderstoactuallyacttostopthecomingdisaster.Climatechangeposesaterriblethreattohumanity,andpoliticiansaren’tdoingenoughtofindsolutions,protestorganizerswroteontheGlobalClimateStrikewebsite.Greenhousegasemissions(排放)areaprimarydriverofglobalwarming,butleadershavebeenirresoluteaboutabandoningfossilfuels,evenasglobaltemperaturescontinuetoclimb.Strikesandprotestsbystudentsinmorethan2,500locationsaimtoshowthattheyoungergenerationswon’tstandeasilybywhiletheirfuture—andtheirplanet—hanginthebalance.Thestrikefollowsasummerofextremeweatherlinkedtoclimatechange:strangeglobalheatwaves,wildfiresandicelossfromglaciers(冰川).InJuly,threestudiesfoundthattheglobalclimateischangingmorequicklythanithasinthepast2,000years.Sixteen-year-oldSwedishclimateactivistGretaThunberg,whoiscurrentlyvisitingNewYorkCity,isoneofthestrike’skeyorganizers.ThunbergwillspeakataFridaydemonstrationatFoleySquarethereat12p.m.localtime,afterwhichprotesterswillmarchtoBatteryPark.ThunbergwillalsoaddresstheUNClimateActionSummitonSeptember23.Theemergencymeetingisbeingorganizedsothatworldleaderscanpresent“concrete,realisticplans”forreducinggreenhousegasemissions,withthegoalofreachingzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtoaUNstatement.ThousandsofprotestsareplannedforFriday—justthreedayspriortothesummit—andcollectively,theywillbethebiggestclimateactioninhistory.8.Whywillstudentsgathertogether?A.Tomaketheirvoiceheardbyleaders.B.Tocallonmovestoprotecttheearth.C.Tocelebratethenewlyelectedofficials.D.Toorganizeabigprotestforcivilrights.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“irresolute”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Hesitant. B.Concerned. C.Decisive. D.Thoughtful.10.WhatisthegoaloftheSeptember23meeting?A.Electingnewleadersofthesummit.B.ReorganizingtheUNdepartment.C.Reachingzeroemissionsby2050.D.Protectingthewholehumanbeings.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GlobalStudentsMobilizeforClimateActionB.WhyNotJointheStudentsforaNewPlanet?C.OrganizeaClimateTalkfortheOnlyEarthD.ANewStrikeWillBeStagedWorldwide【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了周五世界各地的學(xué)生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動(dòng)，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機(jī)，呼吁全球政府采取氣候行動(dòng)措施的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“OnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.Thegoal?Togetelectedofficialsandindustryleaderstoactuallyacttostopthecomingdisaster.(周五，世界各地的學(xué)生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動(dòng)，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機(jī)。目標(biāo)？讓民選官員和行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖切實(shí)采取行動(dòng)，阻止即將到來的災(zāi)難)”可知，學(xué)生將聚集在一起，是因?yàn)樗麄兿胪ㄟ^抗議來呼吁民選官員和行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)地球。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第二段中“Greenhousegasemissions(排放)areaprimarydriverofglobalwarming,butleadershavebeenirresoluteaboutabandoningfossilfuels,evenasglobaltemperaturescontinuetoclimb.(溫室氣體排放是全球變暖的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素，但盡管全球氣溫持續(xù)攀升，各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人仍對放棄化石燃料irresolute)”和常識(shí)可知，人類依舊在使用煤、石油、天然氣等化石燃料，可得出各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人仍對放棄化石燃料猶豫不決，劃線詞意為“猶豫的（Hesitant）”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“ThunbergwillalsoaddresstheUNClimateActionSummitonSeptember23.Theemergencymeetingisbeingorganizedsothatworldleaderscanpresent“concrete,realisticplans”forreducinggreenhousegasemissions,withthegoalofreachingzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtoaUNstatement.(桑伯格還將于9月23日在聯(lián)合國氣候行動(dòng)峰會(huì)上發(fā)表講話。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的一份聲明，正在組織緊急會(huì)議，以便世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人能夠提出減少溫室氣體排放的“具體、現(xiàn)實(shí)的計(jì)劃”，目標(biāo)是到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放)”可知，9月23日會(huì)議的目標(biāo)是到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段中“OnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.(周五，世界各地的學(xué)生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動(dòng)，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機(jī))”，第三段中“Strikesandprotestsbystudentsinmorethan2,500locationsaimtoshowthattheyoungergenerationswon’tstandeasilybywhiletheirfuture—andtheirplanet—hanginthebalance.(2500多個(gè)地點(diǎn)的學(xué)生罷課和抗議旨在表明，當(dāng)他們的未來和地球懸而未決時(shí)，年輕一代不會(huì)輕易袖手旁觀)”和其它段落可知，文章講述了周五世界各地的學(xué)生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動(dòng)，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機(jī)，呼吁全球政府采取氣候行動(dòng)措施的故事，A項(xiàng)“全球?qū)W生動(dòng)員起來采取氣候行動(dòng)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。DFollowingasustainablediet,alsoknownasa“planetaryhealthdiet”,includeswholegrains,fruits,nuts,greenvegetables,andoliveoil,canbeawin-winforyourhealthandtheplanet,accordingtoanewresearch.ThenewresearchconductedbyscientistsfromtheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealthhasrevealedthatpeoplewhoeatmoreenvironmentallysustainablefoodhavea25percentlowerriskofmortality(死亡)comparedtothosewithalesssustainablediet,likeeggs,theredandprocessedmeat.Thefindingsshowthattheparticipantswithagoodplanetaryhealthdiethadareducedriskofallcausesofdeathmeasuredinthestudy.Thestudyinvolvedover100,000participantsintheUSA,witha30-yearcheck-upperiod.AccordingtoLinhBui,thePhDcandidateatHarvard,theresearchteamintegrateddataonthehealthoutcomesofspecificfoodsandtheirenvironmentalimpact,creatingaPlanetaryHealthDietIndex(指數(shù)),andgavetheparticipantsscoresbasedontheirdiets.Usingthis,theyassessedtherelationshipbetweenthescoresandtheparticipants’healthoutcomes.“Theresultsconfirmedourprevioushypothesis(假設(shè))thatahigherPlanetaryHealthDietscorewasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeath,”saidBui.ThepeoplewiththehighestPlanetaryHealthIndexscoreshada25percentloweroverallriskofdeaththanthosewiththelowestscores.Theenvironmentalimpactofthefoodswasevaluatedbyfactorssuchaswateruse,landuse,package,pollution,andgreenhousegasemissions.Theresearchershopethattheeco-indexcanbeusedasasimpletoolforpolicymakersandpublichealthservicestoimprovehumanhealthandtackletheclimatecrisis.However,theyacknowledgethattheindexdoesnottakeintoaccountcertainchallengesthatpeoplemayhaveinfollowingasustainablediet,suchashealthconditionsofthesubjectsandwhatculturestheycomefrom.Theyhopethatfurtherresearchwilladdressthesebarriers,aswellasrelationshipsbetweenfoodsanddiseasestailoredtoparticularcountries.12Whatdidthenewresearchfindaboutasustainablediet?A.Itisadouble-edgedsword.B.Itcanreducetheriskofdeath.C.Itismainlycomposedofgreens.D.Itislessfriendlytotheenvironment.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theapproachesadoptedinthestudy.B.Newconfirmationabouttheresults.C.Supportingevidenceforthetheory.D.Potentialbenefitsoftheresearch.14.Howwastheenvironmentalimpactofthefoodsdetermined?A.Byanalyzingtheirelements. B.Bymeasuringtheirnutrition.C.Byexaminingtheirpackaging. D.Byassessingtheireco-footprint.15.Whatmightfurtherresearchaimtodealwith?A.Individualpreferences.B.Prospectivefoodaccess.C.Culture-basedhealthyfood.D.Sustainablefoodalternatives.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，遵循可持續(xù)飲食，也被稱為“全球健康飲食”對你的健康和地球都是雙贏的?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“ThenewresearchconductedbyscientistsfromtheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealthhasrevealedthatpeoplewhoeatmoreenvironmentallysustainablefoodhavea25percentlowerriskofmortality(死亡)comparedtothosewithalesssustainablediet,likeeggs,theredandprocessedmeat.Thefindingsshowthattheparticipantswithagoodplanetaryhealthdiethadareducedriskofallcausesofdeathmeasuredinthestudy.(哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，與那些吃雞蛋、紅肉和加工肉等不太可持續(xù)飲食的人相比，吃更環(huán)保的食物的人死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了25%。研究結(jié)果表明，在研究中測量的所有死因中，擁有良好的行星健康飲食的參與者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都降低了。)”可知，可持續(xù)的飲食可以降低死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Thestudyinvolvedover100,000participantsintheUSA,witha30-yearcheck-upperiod.AccordingtoLinhBui,thePhDcandidateatHarvard,theresearchteamintegrateddataonthehealthoutcomesofspecificfoodsandtheirenvironmentalimpact,creatingaPlanetaryHealthDietIndex(指數(shù)),andgavetheparticipantsscoresbasedontheirdiets.Usingthis,theyassessedtherelationshipbetweenthescoresandtheparticipants’healthoutcomes.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及美國超過10萬名參與者，為期30年檢查期。哈佛大學(xué)博士生LinhBui表示，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)整合了特定食物的健康結(jié)果及其對環(huán)境的影響的數(shù)據(jù)，創(chuàng)建了行星健康飲食指數(shù)，并根據(jù)參與者的飲食給他們打分。利用這一點(diǎn)，他們評估了分?jǐn)?shù)與參與者健康結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系。)”可知，第3段主要介紹了研究中采用的方法。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Theenvironmentalimpactofthefoodswasevaluatedbyfactorssuchaswateruse,landuse,package,pollution,andgreenhousegasemissions.Theresearchershopethattheeco-indexcanbeusedasasimpletoolforpolicymakersandpublichealthservicestoimprovehumanhealthandtackletheclimatecrisis.(通過用水、土地利用、包裝、污染和溫室氣體排放等因素來評估食品對環(huán)境的影響。研究人員希望，生態(tài)指數(shù)可以作為政策制定者和公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)部門改善人類健康和應(yīng)對氣候危機(jī)的簡單工具。)”可知，食物對環(huán)境的影響是通過評估其生態(tài)足跡來確定的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“However,theyacknowledgethattheindexdoesnottakeintoaccountcertainchallengesthatpeoplemayhaveinfollowingasustainablediet,suchashealthconditionsofthesubjectsandwhatculturestheycomefrom.Theyhopethatfurtherresearchwilladdressthesebarriers,aswellasrelationshipsbetweenfoodsanddiseasestailoredtoparticularcountries.(然而，他們承認(rèn)，該指數(shù)沒有考慮到人們在遵循可持續(xù)飲食方面可能面臨的某些挑戰(zhàn)，例如受試者的健康狀況以及他們來自什么文化。他們希望進(jìn)一步的研究能夠解決這些障礙，以及針對特定國家的食品和疾病之間的關(guān)系。)”可知，進(jìn)一步的研究旨在處理基于文化的健康食品。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Panicattackscauseasuddenintensefearwhennodangerispresentorthereisnoidentifiabletrigger(誘因).Thisfearactivatesthebody’semergencysystem,causingthephysicalfightorflightreactions.____16____Learntobeflexible.IfyouaresittingonthecouchwatchingTVandyoustarttofeelapanicattack,don’tcontinuetositthereandthinkaboutit.Getupanddosomethingelse!Leaveyourdeskandapplysomecoldwatertoyourface.Callafriend.Orjustleavethehousetogetsomefreshair.____17____Workout.Whenfeelingpanic,itcanbeeffectivetomatchtheintensityoftheanxietywithphysicalexercise.Justgooutside,walkenergeticallyaroundtheblock,orwalkupanddownthestairsuntilthefeelingpasses.Gentleexerciseislesseffectivewhileintenseexercisecanmakeitdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.____18____Peopletendtotensetheirmuscleswhenhavinganxietyandpanic.Breatheproperly.____19____Naturally,peoplemaybreathedeeperandthenmakethesituationworse.Sodoitslowlythroughyournosebypushingyourabdomen(腹部)outfor5-7seconds.Holdyourbreathforafewsecondsandthenbreatheitoutthroughyourmouthslowly.____20____Picksomethingobjectiveandstudyitdeeply,Thendescribeeverydetailofit.Whenyoufinishoneitem,moveontodescribeotheritems.Forexample,Whatistheleaflike?Doesithavesmoothedges?Whatisitscolor?Aresomenewleavescomingout?Thisexercisecanhelpbringyoubacktothemomentandawayfromfocusingonphysicalsensations.A.Shiftyourfocus.B.Enhancemusclebuilding.C.Incorrectbreathingcanleadtoshortnessofbreath.D.Physicalexercisecanalsohelpyourmusclesrelax.E.Ifnotcontrolled,theycanbeterrifyingandlife-changing.F.Sousethesetoolstomeasureitwhenapanicattackstarts.G.Inaword,don’tremaininthesameenvironmentwheneverpossible.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)對恐慌發(fā)作的方法：保持靈活性以轉(zhuǎn)移注意力、進(jìn)行體力鍛煉減輕焦慮、正確呼吸避免呼吸急促、轉(zhuǎn)移焦點(diǎn)至外界事物以恢復(fù)當(dāng)下的感知，幫助控制恐慌發(fā)作并緩解其影響?！?6題詳解】上文“Thisfearactivatesthebody’semergencysystem,causingthephysicalfightorflightreactions.

(這種恐懼會(huì)激活身體的應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)，引發(fā)生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng))”說明恐懼會(huì)引發(fā)身體的應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)，從而導(dǎo)致生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)?？仗幙偨Y(jié)前文，說明這樣會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果。E項(xiàng)“Ifnotcontrolled,theycanbeterrifyingandlife-changing.(如果不加以控制，它們會(huì)變得可怕，甚至改變你的生活)”承接上文，說明如果恐慌發(fā)作所造成的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)如果不得到控制可能會(huì)帶來的危害；選項(xiàng)中的代詞“they”指代前文中的“physicalfightorflightreactions”，由此可知，E項(xiàng)符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“IfyouaresittingonthecouchwatchingTVandyoustarttofeelapanicattack.don’tcontinuetositthereandthinkaboutit.Getupanddosomethingelse!Leaveyourdeskandapplysomecoldwatertoyourface.Callafriend.Orjustleavethehousetogetsomefreshair.

(如果你坐在沙發(fā)上看電視，你開始感到恐慌。別再坐在那里想了。起來做點(diǎn)別的吧！離開你的桌子，在臉上涂些冷水。打電話給朋友?；蛘吒纱嚯x開家去呼吸新鮮空氣)”說明在感到恐慌時(shí)采取行動(dòng)，比如離開沙發(fā)去做其他事情、洗臉、給朋友打電話或出門透氣?？仗幙偨Y(jié)前文，說明要靈活的面對各種帶給我們恐懼的環(huán)境。G項(xiàng)“Inaword,don’tremaininthesameenvironmentwheneverpossible.(總之，盡可能不要呆在同一個(gè)環(huán)境中)”符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】上文“Justgooutside,walkenergeticallyaroundtheblock,orwalkupanddownthestairsuntilthefeelingpasses.Gentleexerciseislesseffectivewhileintenseexercisecanmakeitdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.(只要走出去，精力充沛地在街區(qū)里走來走去，或者上下樓梯，直到這種感覺過去。溫和的運(yùn)動(dòng)效果較差，而劇烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)讓人很難思考其他事情)”說明運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠緩解恐懼?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，D項(xiàng)中的“Physicalexercise”和主題句“Workout”相呼應(yīng)，“helpyourmusclesrelax”和下文中的“tendtotensetheirmuscles”相呼應(yīng)，說明體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松，因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們感到焦慮和恐慌時(shí)，往往會(huì)使肌肉緊張。所以D項(xiàng)“Physicalexercisecanalsohelpyourmusclesrelax.(體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松)”符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】下文“Naturally,peoplemaybreathedeeperandthenmakethesituationworse.(自然，人們可能會(huì)深呼吸，然后使情況變得更糟)”說明人們可能出現(xiàn)不正確的呼吸方式?？仗幨菍Σ徽_呼吸后果的說明，與接下來的呼吸指導(dǎo)相契合。所以C項(xiàng)“Incorrectbreathingcanleadtoshortnessofbreath.(不正確的呼吸會(huì)導(dǎo)致呼吸急促)”符合語境。故選C。【20題詳解】設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題；根據(jù)下文“Picksomethingobjectiveandstudyitdeeply,Thendescribeeverydetailofit.Whenyoufinishoneitem,moveontodescribeotheritems.

(挑選一些客觀的東西并深入研究，然后描述它的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項(xiàng)目)

”以及“Thisexercisecanhelpbringyoubacktothemomentandawayfromfocusingonphysicalsensations.(這個(gè)練習(xí)可以幫助你回到當(dāng)下，遠(yuǎn)離對身體感覺的關(guān)注。)”可知本段建議轉(zhuǎn)移注意力，可以選擇一個(gè)客觀物體進(jìn)行深入觀察并描述細(xì)節(jié)，完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項(xiàng)目，以此來引導(dǎo)思維遠(yuǎn)離身體感受；所以A項(xiàng)“Shiftyourfocus.(轉(zhuǎn)移你的注意力)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Severalyearsago,Iwasbrokeandhomeless.OnedaywhenI____21____astore,awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme.Thoughitwasbroaddaylight,Iwas____22____aboutitwhenIwalkedover.Shesaidshewasunabletomoveand____23____metopurchaseanXbox,agame,forherasherson’sChristmasgift.Shegavemesome____24____andhercreditcard.Iwalkedbackinandboughtonewithhercard—hercashwas____25____forit.Thenitoccurredtomewhyacomplete____26____trustedme.“WhatifIjust____27____hercash?Howcouldshepossiblyputsomuch____28____insomeone?”Ihandedallherstuffback,____29____Ihadtopaybyhercard.Withmistyeyes,shesaid,“Justfromglancingatyou,Iknowyouarea____30____friendtosomeoneinneed.Youhaveafaceofa(n)____31____!”Shethenhandedme$20．saying“MerryChristmas!”anddrivingaway.Shehadnoideahowmuchofa____32____even$20made.Iwasabletobuyafew____33____groceriesfortheweekandthatcanreallymakea____34____timeinmylifealittlebetter.ShemaythinkIhelpedher,butI____35____feelliketheonewhowasbeinggiftedsomethingamazing.21.A.entered B.approached C.saw D.exited22.A.shy B.crazy C.disappointed D.excited23.A.ordered B.encouraged C.begged D.allowed24A.advice B.confidence C.food D.cash25.A.insufficient B.irresponsible C.abnormal D.unnecessary26.A.newcomer B.stranger C.mother D.driver27.A.owed B.loaned C.pocketed D.lost28.A.imagination B.faith C.honor D.strength29.A.requesting B.thinking C.suggesting D.explaining30.A.powerful B.wealthy C.trusty D.reasonable31.A.angel B.owner C.magician D.artist32.A.deal B.difference C.wish D.profit33.A.fresh B.similar C.cheap D.favorite34.A.long B.different C.new D.tough35.A.truly B.naturally C.proudly D.secretly【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者幫助一位行動(dòng)不便的陌生女士購物的經(jīng)歷，展現(xiàn)了陌生人之間的相互信任和關(guān)愛?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，當(dāng)我走出一家商店時(shí)，外面停著的一輛車?yán)锏囊晃慌拷形?。A.entered進(jìn)入；B.approached接近；C.saw看見；D.exited出去。根據(jù)下文“awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme”可知，外面一輛車?yán)镉幸晃慌拷凶×俗髡?，所以作者是從商店走了出去。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然是大白天，但當(dāng)我走過去時(shí)還是對此感到有些害羞。A.shy害羞的；B.crazy瘋狂的；C.disappointed失望的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)上文“

awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme”可知，外面一輛車?yán)镉幸晃慌拷凶×俗髡?，作者并不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)女士，所以當(dāng)一個(gè)陌生人叫住作者時(shí)，作者感覺有點(diǎn)不好意思或者害羞。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說她無法動(dòng)彈，請求我為她買一個(gè)Xbox游戲機(jī)作為她兒子的圣誕禮物。A.ordered命令；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.begged乞求；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)上文“Shesaidshewasunabletomove”可知，女士因?yàn)樾袆?dòng)不便，無法給兒子買禮物，所以她請求作者幫助她。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她給了我一些現(xiàn)金和她的信用卡。A.advice建議；B.confidence信心；C.food食物；D.cash現(xiàn)金。根據(jù)下文“Iwalkedbackinandboughtonewithher