人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

Unit1

What’sthematter?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):haveastomachachehaveacold

liedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafever

gotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)

getintotroublebeusedtotakerisks

runout(of)cutoffgetoutof

beincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）

giveup

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用來(lái)詢問(wèn)別人的病情。類似的句子還有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作動(dòng)詞用，意為“要緊”“有關(guān)系”，主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter?

Itdoesn’tmatter.【例題】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittoday?A.mind

B.minds

C.matter

D.matters2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+

名詞”.haveacold

haveafever

haveasoreback

haveastomachache

haveacough【例題】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold?

---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.

A.a;has

B./;has

C.a;have

D./;have3.Liedownandrest!

躺下休息liedown

躺下單詞詞義過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說(shuō)謊liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying4.That’sprobablywhy.

那可能就是原因。probably意為“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。5.hurt

v.

使受傷；傷害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.

他摔傷的時(shí)候傷了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他沒(méi)有請(qǐng)我參加聚會(huì)使我很傷心。6.Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交車司機(jī)，24歲的王平……24-year-old

是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構(gòu)成的一個(gè)形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“24歲的”。（名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語(yǔ)）【例題】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-old

B.

three-years-old

C.

Threeyearsold

7.expect

vt.

期待；預(yù)期；期盼expect的常見(jiàn)用法:expect+名詞/代詞The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

English?expect+從句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect與lookforwardto兩者都有期待的意思

lookforwardtodoingsth.

I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.8.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃驚的是……toone’ssurprise

表示“令人驚奇的是……”，相當(dāng)于“主語(yǔ)+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.

令他驚奇的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)女孩是個(gè)盲人?！就卣埂縤nsurprise表示“驚奇的”，相當(dāng)于副詞性短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.

那兩個(gè)女孩驚奇地互相看著。besurprisedat表示“對(duì)……感到驚訝”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.

聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，我們很詫異。surprising

表示“使人驚奇的”，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是事物。9.Theydon’twantanytrouble.

他們不想惹麻煩。①

trouble用作名詞，意為“煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.

他的生活充滿了煩惱。What’sthetrouble?

怎么了？②

trouble用作動(dòng)詞，意為“麻煩，打擾”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.

抱歉打擾你?！就卣埂颗ctrouble相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)introuble處于困境中

getintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.

做某事有困難【例題】-HowisyourEnglishstudy?-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterested

B.amgoodat

C.havealittletrouble

D.havenotrouble10.辨析

usedtodosth.

與

beusedtosth./doingsth.↓

↓過(guò)去常?！?/p>

習(xí)慣于某事/做某事We

usedto

drawpicturesbadly.Youwill

getusedto

theweatherhere.Intheend,I

gotusedto

doinghardwork.11.辨析

runout

與runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

Themoneyisrunningout.【例題】選出能代替句中畫(huà)線部分的一項(xiàng)(

)YesterdayI

usedup

allthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateup

B.runoutof

C.ranof

D.ranoutof12.makedecisions=makeadecision

作出決定decision為decide的名詞形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.13.beincontrolof

管理；控制Ateachershould

beincontrolof

hisclass.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法（1）should后接動(dòng)詞原形，變否定句在should后加not,

變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)將should提前。（2）should常用于以下兩種情況：①

提出建議Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.②

表推測(cè)，意為“該，按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.

Unit2

I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):cleanupbyoneself

cheerupputoffgiveout

putonusedtogiveaway

takeaftersetupmakeadifference

careforcomeupwith語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.giveout

分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】give構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有：giveaway

贈(zèng)給，贈(zèng)送

givein

屈服，投降giveup

放棄

giveoff

發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）2.comeupwith

提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相當(dāng)于thinkofIthinkshecancomeupwithagoodidea(2)comeupwith還可表示

“趕上”,相當(dāng)于catchupwith.Weshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem【例題】(

)Wemust_____aplantoimproveyourmath.A.pickup

B.catchupwith

C.comeupwith

D.makeup3.I’v

runoutof

it.

我已經(jīng)把它用完了。

runoutof

表示

“用完，用光”，其主語(yǔ)一般是人?！就卣埂縭unoutof

還可表示“從……跑出來(lái)”。Billranoutoftheroom.

Bill從房間里跑出來(lái)。run構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有runaway

逃走

runafter追趕runintodifficulties遇到困難【例題】(

)Whenyourmoney____,pleasecometomeforsome.

A.runsoutof

B.runsout

C.isrunningoutof

D.isrunout4.I

takeafter

mymother.我長(zhǎng)得像我媽媽?！颈嫖觥縯akeafter

與lookliketakeafter意為“長(zhǎng)得像，行為、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的長(zhǎng)輩。Theboytakesafterhisfather.

這個(gè)男孩長(zhǎng)得像他爸爸。looklike

可以用于所有場(chǎng)合，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。Themanlookslikeourteacher.

這個(gè)男的看起來(lái)像我們的老師。Therainbowlookslikeabridge.

彩虹看上去像一座橋?！就卣埂縯ake

構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)takeup

takeoff

takeplacetakeone’stime

takecare【例題】(

)-You’vereallybeautifulblondhair.

-Thankyou.I____mymother.A.lookafter

B.takeafter

C.takefrom

D.lookfor5.setup

創(chuàng)辦，建立setup

為副詞短語(yǔ)，與start,establish同義They’vesetupacompany.

他們創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。與set

相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有：setout

動(dòng)身，開(kāi)始（做某事）setoff

出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)6.Youhelpedto

makeitpossibleformetohavelucky.

對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有Lucky.it是形式賓語(yǔ)Youmadeitpossibleformetocatchupwithothers.

你讓我有可能趕上其他人?！纠}】(

)Hefound___hardtogotosleepwiththelighton.A.it

B.that

C.he

D.him7.Lucky

makesabigdifference

tomylife.

Lucky對(duì)我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。makeabigdifference

意為“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生很大的影響”，difference在此為“影響”的意思?！纠}】(

)Theheavysnowdidn’t___theinternationalairlines.A.payattentionto

B.addto

C.makeadifferenceto

D.keepto8.imagine

v.

想象，假想；以為，認(rèn)為imagine

（v.想象）→imagination（n.想象）→imaginative(adj.富于想象力的）9.help...out

幫……克服困難，幫……分擔(dān)工作Theteacheroftenhelpshisstudentsout.

那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學(xué)生解決問(wèn)題。10.beexcitedabout...

對(duì)……興奮I’mexcitedaboutthegameofLiNa.

我對(duì)李娜的比賽感到興奮。exciting

修飾物重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：(1)

動(dòng)詞+介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)主要有：agreewith,askfor,arriveat,hearof,lookat,takeafter,listento等。這類動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I’mlookingformypen.

Don’tlaughatthepoorman.(2)動(dòng)詞+副詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：findout,giveout,lookup,puton,turnon/off,wakeup,workout等。這類動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，名詞可放在副詞前面或后面；賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，代詞只能放在副詞前面。Pleasepickupthepen.=Pleasepickthepenup.Ittookhimtwohourstoworkitout.(3)

動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：havealookat,makefriendswith,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto等。在這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，賓語(yǔ)都放在介詞之后。Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.(4)

動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：beangrywith,bebusywith,begoodfor,bedifferentfrom,beinterestedin,begoodat等?！纠}】(1)()Whenyoudon’tknowaword,youcan___inthedictionary.A.lookitup

B.setitup

C.giveitup

D.pickitup(2)(

)Wewillhavedinnerattherestaurant,whichisfamous___itsseafood.A.of

B.to

C.for

D.as

Unit3

Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):takeouttherubbish

makethebed

allthetimeborrowsomemoney

helpwithhousework

hangoutwith...awasteoftime

inorderto

as...as...takecareof

insurprise

dothedishesasaresult

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.workon

從事于；著手干Thewriterisworkingonanewbook.

那位作家正在寫(xiě)一本新書(shū)。Sheisgoingtoworkonherphysicsproject.

她打算從事她的物理項(xiàng)目?！纠}】(

)Thescientistsare____inventingsomemethodsofproducingelectricity.A.workingon

B.workingout

C.workingat

D.workingfor2.atleast

至少atleast

修飾時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度等，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。翻譯短語(yǔ)位atmost,意為“至多，最多”。Hekeptmewaitingatleastanhour.Therewerefiftypeoplethereatmost.3.allthetime

一直；總是Thingsarechangingallthetime.事情一直在變化?！就卣埂縯ime相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)

atthesametime同時(shí)

intime及時(shí)Fromtimetotime偶爾

thefirsttime第一次【例題】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項(xiàng)。(

)I

always

goshoppingonFriday.

A.allthetime

B.allthesame

C.allalong

D.alltheway5.I’mjustastiredasyouare!

我和你一樣累。as...as意為“和……一樣”,表示同級(jí)比較。as...as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone.

這個(gè)故事和那個(gè)一樣有趣。否定式為notas/so...as,意為“不如……”。Thegardenisnotsobeautifulasyouthought.【例題】(

)HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenot____apersonborninFrance.A.asclearas

B.clearerthan

C.asclearlyas

D.themoreclearly6.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一個(gè)星期，她不做家務(wù)，我也不做家務(wù)。so,neither

倒裝句型

So+

助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+

主語(yǔ)Neither+

助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+

主語(yǔ)這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面所說(shuō)的情況，后面某人（物）也是這樣。助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在形式上與前句的謂語(yǔ)保持一致，而其單復(fù)形式由后句的主語(yǔ)決定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。BillwatchedTVlastnight.SodidAnn.Lilyisn’tateacher.NeitherisMary.【例題】()-Ineverdrinkcoffee.

-______.

A.SodoI

B.SodidI

C.NeitherdidI

D.NeitherdoI7.辨析borrow與lendborrowsth.fromsb.

向某人借（入）某物lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.

把某物借給某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如果要表示“借多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”要用keep?！纠}】(

)Althoughyoulikethebook,youmayonly___itfortwoweeks.A.borrow

B.keep

C.lend

D.stay

8.spend

v.

花費(fèi)（金錢；時(shí)間）spend+

錢/時(shí)間

+onsth.

在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢spend+

時(shí)間

+(in)doingsth.

花時(shí)間做某事【例題】(

)YangFeng___everySaturdayafternoonvolunteeringinanoldpeople’shome.A.costs

B.takes

C.pays

D.vide

v.

提供；給予

providesth.

Therestaurantprovidethebestservice.

providesb.withsth.

Theparentsprovidethechildrenwithfoodandvidesth.forsb.Theschoolsprovidedesksandchairsforthestudents.【例題】()Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t___freeplasticbagstoshoppers.A.take

B.show

C.provide

D.carry10.dependon

依靠；依賴；相信dependon為固定短語(yǔ)，不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Asweknow,goodresultsdependonhardwork.Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.10.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子越早學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對(duì)他們的將來(lái)就越好。the+

比較級(jí)...，the+

比較級(jí)...

“越……就越……”Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.【例題】(

)-Therewasthickhaze(霧霾)inourcitythisspring.Whatdoyouthinkofit？-Ithink___carswedrive,____pollutionourcitywillhave.A.thefewer;thefewer

B.thefewer;theless

C.Themore;thefewer

D.themore;theless11.inorderto

的用法(1)inorderto意為“為了……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，后接動(dòng)詞原形。Inorderto

letthestudentshearhim,hespokeloudly.Wehavetostudyhard

inorderto

passtheexam.Inordernotto

belateforschool,shetookataxi.(2)含inorderto的句子可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橛蓅othat或inorderthat

引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Sheranquicklyinordertocatchthebus.Sheranquicklyinorderthatshecouldcatchthebus.Sheranquicklysothatshecouldcatchthebus.12.asaresult的用法asaresult用于引出結(jié)果，常用于兩個(gè)句子之間，其中一個(gè)是另一個(gè)的結(jié)果，且前后用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)將兩個(gè)句子隔開(kāi)，意為“結(jié)果是”。Hedidn’tlistencarefully.Asaresult,hecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.【注】asaresultof

的意思是“由于，因?yàn)椤保喈?dāng)于becauseof。Peterwaslate

asaresultof

theheavyrain.=Peterwaslate

because

oftheheavyrain.【例題】(

)Theboystudiedhard.

______,hepassedtheexam.A.Iafact

B.Ontime

C.Afterall

D.AsaresultUnit4

Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):lookthrough

workout

getonwithcutout

compare...with

inone’sopinionabigdeal

sothat

getintoafightcommunicatewith

not...until...

callsb.up

insteadof

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?Whydon’tyoudosth.=Whynotdosth.“為什么不……?”【拓展】提出建議的句型①What/Howaboutdoingsth.?

做某事怎么樣？②Shallwedosth.?

我們做某事好嗎？③You’dbetter(not)dosth.

你最好（不）做某事。④Whydon’tyoudosth.

為什么不做某事呢？⑤Wouldyouminddoingsth.?

你介意做某事嗎？2.allow

v.

允許，許可①allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事“Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergameonweekends.②allowdoingsth.

“允許做某事”Shedoesn’tallowsmokinginherhouse.③allow+名詞Wecan’tallowsuchathing.【例題】(

)Doyouoftenallow____until11:00p.m.A.tostayup

B.stayup

C.stayingup

D.andstayup3.workout

產(chǎn)生……效果，進(jìn)展……Thingsworkedoutquitewellforus.

對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，事情進(jìn)展很好。Heworkedoutthemathsproblem.

他算出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。Canyouworkouttheproblemalone?

你一個(gè)人能把問(wèn)題搞清楚嗎？4.communicate

v.

交流信息；溝通Ican’tcommunicatewiththematthemoment.

此刻我無(wú)法同他們進(jìn)行交流。communication

n.交流Peoplecan’tgetonwellwitheachotherwithoutcommunication.

沒(méi)有交流，人們就無(wú)法相處得好?！纠}】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項(xiàng)。(

)Peoplechooseto

keepintouch

withtheirfriendsbye-mail.A.write

B.read

C.agree

D.communicate5.argue

vi.

爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵arguewithsb.

與某人爭(zhēng)論Don’targuewithyourparents.

不要和你的父母爭(zhēng)論。argue的名詞形式是

“argument”,haveanargumentwithsb.

與某人辯論。Alicehandanargumentwithherbestfriend.【例題】(

)Ineverargue____myparents.A.in

B.to

C.for

D.with6.instead

adv.

代替，頂替Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.【辨析】instead

與insteadof

instead副詞舍前取后，可單獨(dú)使用，位于句首或句末。insteadof介詞短語(yǔ)舍后取前，后面常跟名詞，代詞及動(dòng)詞ing。Hedidn’tanswer.Heaskedhisfatherinstead.Weeatriceinsteadofnoodles.【例題】()Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing____watchingTVinthehotel.

A.becauseof

B.insteadof

C.togetherwith

D.out7.offer

v.

提供；提出；建議①offer

做“提供”講時(shí)，可接雙賓語(yǔ)。offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.

向某人提供某物Thewaitressofferedacupofteatotheman.=Thewaitressofferedthemanacupoftea.②offer還有“提出，建議”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主動(dòng)提出做某事。Theoldmanofferedtolendtheboysomemoney.【例題】(

)Thelittleboy___hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.lent

B.offered

C.took

D.brought8.Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherpare

作動(dòng)詞，意為“比較，和……相比”。①compare...with...

把……同……相比較Parentsshouldn’talwayscomparetheirchildrenwithothers.父母?jìng)儾辉摽偸前炎约旱暮⒆油瑒e人相比較。②compare...to...

把……比作……Peopleoftencomparethelifetoastage.

人們常把生活比作一個(gè)舞臺(tái)?！纠}】(

)Myhandwritingcannotbecompared___myfather’s.A.to

B.with

C.on

D.for11.Mycousinborrowsmythingswithout

returning

them.①return

意為“歸還”，其后可接雙賓語(yǔ)returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.Don’tforgettoreturnmethekeys.②return

還有“返回”的意思，相當(dāng)于goback,

后接地點(diǎn)時(shí)需要介詞to。He

returnedto

Shanghaiaweekago.

【例題】①那本書(shū)你還給圖書(shū)館了嗎？Didyou_______thebook_______thelibrary?②(

)Idon’tknowwhenwewill_______HongKong.A.returnback

B.returnto

C.returnbackto

D.return

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):gooff

pickup

fallasleepdiedown

makeone’sway

insilencetakedown

atfirst

waitforinamess

therestof

havemeaningtobasketballcompetition

aswell

makesure語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.while

當(dāng)……的時(shí)候作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在while引導(dǎo)的從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生。WhileIwaswatchingTV,someoneknockedatthedoor.when意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”，動(dòng)作有一前一后的意思。WhenIpassedthatroomIheardsomeonesinging.while

作連詞時(shí)也可理解為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。Ilikeappleswhilemysisterdoesn’t.【例題】()Tomlikesreadinganewspaper____heishavingbreakfast.A.until

B.while

C.because

D.though(

)Marywastalkingonthephone____someoneknockedatthedoor.A.while

B.before

C.when

D.after2.makesure

查明；確信①makesureofsth.②makesuretodosth.

③makesurethat+

從句【例題】()ReadyourEnglishpaperagainand____thereisnomistakeinitbeforeyouhanditin.A.makesure

B.turnup

C.comeout

D.lookfor3.I

gotto

thebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.get意為“到達(dá)”時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，要加介詞to。HowcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?表示“到達(dá)”的三種形式：①arrive

意為到達(dá)

at+

小地點(diǎn)arrive

in+

大地點(diǎn)②getto

后接地點(diǎn)名詞。Hegottoschoolat7:00thismorning.③reach意為“到達(dá)”，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接跟地點(diǎn)名詞。WhendidyoureachAmerica?【例題】(

)Pleasewritetomeassoonasyou_____yourschool.A.getto

B.reachto

C.arrive

D.come(

)-Whendidyouraunt______inShandong?

-Yesterdayafternoon.A.reach

B.get

C.arrive

D.come

4.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhenthey

heard

thenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.hear動(dòng)詞,

意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：①hearsb.dosth.

聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事②hearsb.doingsth.

聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事③hearof/aboutsb./sth.

聽(tīng)說(shuō)某人或某事④hearfromsb.

收到某人的來(lái)信⑤hear+that從句

聽(tīng)說(shuō)……【例題】(

)Tomlikesto_____othersbutheneverwritestothem.A.hear

B.hearof

C.hearabout

D.hearfrom(

)-Whendidyou_____thenews?

-Justnow.A.hearabout

B.hearfrom

C.heard

D.hearing5.Iplayedthesong

without

anymistakes.without介詞,意為“無(wú)；沒(méi)有”，其反義詞為with,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing。Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Hewenttoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.【例題】她沒(méi)敲門就進(jìn)了房間。Sheenteredtheroom_______________atthedoor.你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎？Canyouseeclearly__________your_______Unit6

Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):alittlebit

insteadof

oonceuponatime

fallinlove

getmarriedassoonas

insteadof

givebirthtobeborn

o

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：2.try的用法①trytodosth.

盡力做某事

HeistryingtolearnEnglish.②trydoingsth.

試著做某事

Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.③tryone’sbest

盡力

I’lltrymybesttohelphim.④tryon

試穿

Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?2.remind

vt.

使想起，提醒①remindsb.of/aboutsth.

使某人想起某事

Thesongremindmeofmychildhood.②remindsb.todosth.

提醒某人做某事

Peterremindedhertoattendthemeetingontime.4.Whatdoyouthinkof...?

你認(rèn)為……怎么樣？Whatdoyouthinkof...?=Howdoyoulike...?注：think后接動(dòng)名詞，like后接帶to的不定式如：Whatdoyouthinkof

going

climbingtomorrow?=Howdoyoulike

togo

climbingtomorrow?

你認(rèn)為明天去爬山怎么樣？【例題】(

)-______doyouthinkofthefootballmatch?-It’sperfect.It’smoreexcitingthan____matchthatIhaveeverwatched.A.How;anyother

B.How;anyothers

C.What;anyother

D.What;anyothers

5.Neither

ofyouiswrong.

你們兩個(gè)都沒(méi)錯(cuò)。neither

兩者都不；也不e.g.Neitheroftheideasisgood.Ilikeneithersubject.neither

作連詞，表示“既不……也不……”，連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要遵循就近原則。e.g.Neitheryounorheisinthisteam.NeitherhenorIamateacher.【例題】(

)-Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman?-_______.Ipreferacomputer.A.Both

B.Either

C.None

D.Neither

5.unless的用法unless的意思是“除非，如果不”，相當(dāng)于ifnot,用來(lái)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。主句同常用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyougetupearly.Wewon’tgotothecinematomorrowunlessmymotherdoes.【例題】(

)Wecan’tbesuccessful_____wekeepworkinghard.A.if

B.unless

C.because

D.when

6.so...that...

如此……以至于……so...that...可以轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句，要用too...to...或not...enoughto...句型時(shí)，not后要用原句中的形容詞或副詞的反義詞。Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tlookafterherself.=Sheistooyoungtolookafterherself.=Sheisnotoldenoughtolookafterherself.【例題】(

)-Youstudy_____hard______you’resuretopasstheexam.-Thankyouforsayingso.A.enough;to

B.as;as

C.so;that

7.assoonas

一……就……assoonas

為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)稱“主將從現(xiàn)”。e.g.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.I’llringyouupassoonasIgottoSanya.【例題】(

)-WillyoupleasegivethedictionarytoJane?-Sure.I’llgiveittoher____shearriveshere.A.before

B.until

C.because

D.assoonas8.thewholefamily

全家whole的用法①作形容詞，意為“全部的；完整的”。thewholenight

整夜

inthewholeworld

全世界②作名詞，意為“全部，全體，整個(gè)”。asawhole作為整體

thewholeofChina

整個(gè)中國(guó)【辨析】whole

與

allwhole一般位于冠詞、所有格或別的限定詞之后，而all則位于這些詞之前allthetime/thewholetime

整個(gè)時(shí)間allmylife/mywholelife

我的一生alltheclass/thewholeclass

整個(gè)班級(jí)【例題】(

)Alisonhasbeenskatingfor_____twohours.A.theall

B.wholethe

C.thewhole

D.allof9.bemadeof

與

bemadefrom

由……制成①bemadeof

表示制成成品后，仍可以看出原材料Thedesksaremadeofwood.②bemadefrom

看不出原材料，屬于化學(xué)變化Paperismadeofwood.【例題】()Thispairofshoes_____byhand,andit____verycomfortable.A.ismadefrom;isfelt

B.aremadeof;feels

C.ismadeby;feelsUnit7

What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):feelfree

asfarasIknow

inthefaceofeventhough

atbirth

walkintofallover

orso

takeinmanytimes

endangeredanimals

achieveone’sdream

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：3.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的特殊句型①“get/become+

形容詞比較級(jí)

+and+

形容詞比較級(jí)

”表示“變得越來(lái)越……”，當(dāng)形容詞為多音節(jié)詞（少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞）時(shí)，用

“moreandmore+

原級(jí)”。Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.②“the+

形容詞比較級(jí)……，the+

形容詞比較級(jí)……”意為“越……就越……”。Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.③“oneofthe+最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……之一”。ChengduisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.④Thisis/was+the+最高級(jí)+名詞+that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.三級(jí)句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換①

形容詞比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞Thisbookismoredifficultthananyotherbookhere.=Thisbookisthemostdifficultofall.形容詞比較級(jí)+thantheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.②

同級(jí)比較用as...as...,

否定式為notas/so...as...Heisastallashisfather.Heisnotastallashisfather.③“more+形容詞”與“l(fā)ess+形容詞”及“notso/as...as”的互換。Thisquestionismoredifficultthanthatone.=Thatquestionislessdifficultthanthisone.=Thatquestionisn’tsodifficultasthisone.2.數(shù)量的表達(dá)英語(yǔ)中通常將數(shù)字放在單位詞的前面，而將表示長(zhǎng)、寬、高等的詞放在單位詞的后面。固定句式為：主語(yǔ)+be+數(shù)詞+形容詞（長(zhǎng)、寬、高、深……）。Theboyis1.7meterstall.Thisbuildingis90metershigh.5.Chinahasthebiggest

population

intheworld.①population是集體名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thepopulationoftheschoolis500.②

指人口多少時(shí)，一般用large或small來(lái)表示。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.③

提問(wèn)“有多少人口”，用what

或howlarge,

而不用howmany。What’sthepopulationofChina?

6.succeed

v.

成功，做到succeed常與in連用，succeedindoingsth.(成功做某事）Didyousucceedinbookingtheticket?successn.

成功Workinghardcanleadtosuccess.successful

用作形容詞，意思是“成功的”。Lindaisasuccessfuldancerandshedanceswell.【例題】(

)-Dearfriends,pleasereadeverysentencecarefully.Detailsdecide_____ornot.

A.success

B.successful

C.succeed

6.Thiselephantweighs

manytimesmorethan

thispanda.（1）表示兩倍用twice,三倍（及以上）用“基數(shù)詞+times”。（2）倍數(shù)的表達(dá)：A+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+BThisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.

【例題】(

)Thecartravels_____thetrain.A.twotimeasfastas

B.twotimesasfastas

C.twotimeasfasteras

7.Weshould

protect

whales

from

watertect

保護(hù)、保衛(wèi)protect...from...“保護(hù)……免受……的侵害”Everyoneshouldprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.

Unit8

HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):fullof

hurryup

sciencefictioncountrymusic

eversince

oneanotherbelongto

finishdoingsth.

fightover

millionsof

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)

用法：①

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihavepostedthephotos.

我已經(jīng)把這些照片郵寄了。②

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears.(2)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成及其變化構(gòu)成have/has+

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。其中have/has為助動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，可縮寫(xiě)。Mikehas=Mike’s

theyhave=they’ve(3)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already,just,ever,yet,fortwoyears,since1995,sofar,inthelastfewyears【例題】(

)-Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?-Yes.I_____itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.

A.borrowed

B.kept

C.haveborrowed

D.havekept(

)-Hello,mayIspeaktoMiss.Wang?-Sorry,sheisn’tin.She____theoffice.

A.hasbeento

B.hasgoneto

C.hasbeenaway(

)-I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook.-Youwillloveit.I____ittwicealready.

A.amreading

B.haveread

C.wasreading

D.willread3.I’vealready

finishedreading

it!finishdoingsth.

完成做某事Theyfinisheddoingtheworklastweek.6.Whoelseisonmyisland?else意為“其他的”主要用在疑問(wèn)詞who,whose,what,where,when及不定代詞somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,

anyone,something,anything,nothing后面。-What

else

doyouwant?

-Nothing

else.other也作“其他的”講，但用法不同other是形容詞，修飾名詞，并放在名詞前Whenaretheotherboysarrive?另外other還可修飾代詞one或one’s。Thisstoryismoreinterestingthantheotherone.【例題】用else或other填空。(1)What_______canyouseeinthepicture?(2)Wherearethe_______boys?(3)Givemethe________pencil,notthisone.(4)Whom________wouldyoudoitwith?7....butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.

……但不是關(guān)于屬于一個(gè)集體。belongto意為“屬于”，后接賓語(yǔ)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thisbookbelongstome,butthatonebelongstoMary.Thenewpenbelongstome.ThehonorbelongstoTom.7.Sarahhasn’tbeentoNashvilleyet.havebeento...

去過(guò)……

【辨析】havebeento與havegonetohavebeento+地名，表示“某人曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那個(gè)地方了（回來(lái)了）。havegoneto

表示“已經(jīng)去了某地”，還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，可能在那里或在途中。不能與段時(shí)間連用。Johnisn’there.Wherehashegone?HehasbeentomanyplacessincehecametoChina.

【例題】(

)Anumberoftourists_____Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeento

B.hasbeento

C.hasgoneto

D.havegoneto

6.Howdoesitmakethemfeel?make為使役動(dòng)詞，后跟不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)即makesb.dosth.Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.make后跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的類型①make+

賓語(yǔ)

+

名詞Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.②make+

賓語(yǔ)

+

形容詞Whathedidmakeshismotherhappy.③make+

賓語(yǔ)

+

過(guò)去分詞Canyoumakeyourselfunderstood?7.Haveyou

introduced

thissingertoothers?introducesb.tosb.

把某人介紹給某人introduceoneself

做自我介紹Unit9

Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):thousandsof

putup

takethesubwayontheonehand...ontheotherhand...

encouragesb.todosth.haveproblemdoingsth.

practicedoingsth.closeto

duringthedaytime

allyearround

語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.Meneither.

我也沒(méi)（去過(guò)）。Meneither=NeitherhaveI.-Ican’tswim.

-Meneither./NeithercanI.【例題】(

)-Ihaven’tbeentoSanya,howaboutyou?

-_________.

A.Metoo.

B.Meneither.

C.Mealso.

D.Mehaven’t.(

)-DidyouseePeterandMike?-No,Isaw____ofthem.

A.neither

B.either

C.both

D.noneNeitherhenorI________(am/is)astudent.4.Italso

encourages

governmentsandsocialgroups

tothink

aboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.encourage

鼓勵(lì)encouragesb.(todosth.)【例題】(

)-Theteachersalwaysencouragehim________hard.

A.study

B.studies

C.tostudy

D.studying7.Maybeyou

fearthat

youwon’tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.fear

害怕；懼怕fear的不同用法①feartodosth.

Thegirlsfeartogooutatnight.②fearforsb./sth.

Policefearforthelostchildren.③fearthat+

從句【例題】(1)我們擔(dān)心我們會(huì)在森林里迷路。We_______________wewillgetlostintheforest(2)Somestudentsfear_______________(speak)infrontoftheclass.8.Whether

youlikeIndianfood,Westernfood

or

Japanesefood,you’llfinditallinSingapore.whether

用作連詞，意為“不管……（還是）；或者……（或者）”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：whether...or...Whetheritiseasyoritisdifficult,wewon’tgiveup.5.unusual

adj.

不同尋常的，罕見(jiàn)的前綴un-表否定的意思有“不，未，無(wú)”之意。unhappy

不開(kāi)心的

unkind冷酷的

untidy不整潔的unbelievable令人難以置信的

unknown不出名的

7.Ontheonehand,morethan

threequarters

ofthepopulationareChinese...①threequarters

是分?jǐn)?shù)，意為“四分之三”。quarter有“一刻鐘，四分之一”的含義。在英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；如分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3/5

threefifths