選擇性必修Book3Unit2HealthyLifestyle（A卷·知識通關(guān)練）一、重點短語1．回應(yīng)；反應(yīng)2．____________________依賴；依靠3．____________________決定；選定4．____________________由組成5．____________________剃掉；刮掉6．____________________疲憊不堪的；耗盡的7．____________________做出決定8．____________________對有害9．____________________反復(fù)不斷地10．___________________砍到；削減11．___________________從獲得益處12．___________________掛出；閑逛13．___________________總而言之；總的說來14．___________________偏愛，偏好15．___________________掌握；精通【答案】1.inresponseto2.relyon3.decideon4.becomposedof5.shaveoff6.wornout7.makeadecision8.beharmfulto9.overandoveragain10.belikelytodosth.11.feelrelaxed12.incontrolof13.takeup14.stayup15.bestofall二、詞匯運用（1）.單詞拼寫1.Whenaskedforyourviewsaboutyourcurrentjob,onnoaccountmustyoube______（消極的）.2.Theforeigntouristsare_______（吸引）inthebeautifulsceneryofHangzhou.3.Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyouget_______（使恢復(fù)精神）.4.Jackwasdoingalotof__________(身體的)exercisetobuilduphisstrength.5.Talkquietlyinthereadingroominordernotto__________(打擾)others.

6.England,ScotlandandWales_________(構(gòu)成)theislandofGreatBritain.7.Thespecialisttakesafewshortbreaksthroughoutthedayortakesashortnaptofeel_________（充滿精力的）.8.

Thatyoungmanishonestcooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，he's________(可靠的).9.

Untilthisweek,every

_________（企圖）

totightenupthelawhadfailed.

10.Hestruckatme__________（重復(fù)地）withastick.

【答案】1.negative2.absorbed3.refreshed

4.physical5.disturb6.compose

7.energetic8.reliable

9.attempt

10.repeatedly【解析】1.考查形容詞作表語。句意：當(dāng)被問及你對目前工作的看法時，你絕對不能消極。be動詞后用形容詞作表語，“消極的”翻譯為negative。故答案為negative。2.考查固定搭配。句意：外國游客被杭州的美麗景色吸引住了。固定搭配：beabsorbedin“專心于，全神貫注于”。故答案為absorbed。3.考查過去分詞作表語。句意：這無疑會幫助你恢復(fù)精神。get+過去分詞，“變得被”，get是連系動詞；“使恢復(fù)精神”翻譯為refresh，其過去分詞是refreshed，其實refreshed也可用作形容詞，意為“恢復(fù)精神的”。故答案為refreshed。4.考查形容詞作定語。句意：杰克正在做大量的體育鍛煉以增強體力?！吧眢w的”翻譯為physical，是形容詞作定語修飾后面的名詞exercise。故答案為physical。5.考查動詞。句意：在閱覽室里說話要小聲，以免打擾別人。“打擾”翻譯為disturb，與前面的to構(gòu)成不定式，在句中作目的狀語，即inorder（not）todosth.“為了做或不做某事”。故答案為disturb。6.考查一般現(xiàn)在時。句意：英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士組成大不列顛島。該句在描述一個客觀事實，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)；“構(gòu)成”翻譯為compose，與介詞of構(gòu)成固定搭配becomposedof“由組成”。故答案為compose。7.考查形容詞作表語。句意：這位專家在一天中會休息一會兒，或者小睡一會兒，讓自己精力充沛。句中feel是連系動詞，后面用形容詞作表語；“充滿精力的”翻譯為energetic，是形容詞。故答案為energetic。8.考查形容詞作表語。句意：那個年輕人很誠實合作，當(dāng)你需要他的幫助時，他總是在那里。簡而言之，他很可靠。be動詞后面用形容詞作表語；“可靠的”翻譯為reliable。故答案為reliable。9.考查名詞。句意：直到本周，每一次加強法律的嘗試都以失敗告終?！捌髨D”翻譯為attempt

，既可以作名詞也可以作動詞；根據(jù)空前every，可知此處用單數(shù)名詞；attempt作名詞時，后面動詞不定式作定語，作動詞時，后面用不定式作賓語。故答案為attempt

。10.考查副詞。句意：他用棍子不停地打我。空前struck是動詞stick的過去式，由副詞修飾；“重復(fù)地”翻譯為repeatedly，是副詞，修飾動詞。故答案為repeatedly。（2）.單句語法填空_______（abuse）childrenisacommonphenomenoninsomecountries.Isparenoefforttograspthemeaningfirstlyandreadthemaloud________（repeat）.You’dbettermakeachoice_______（apply）foramoremeaningfulactivity.Whenhewas16,hebegantonoticesomething_______（disturb）happeningaroundhishome._______（absorb）inherwork，shenoticednothingandeven______（skip）hermeal.Experts_______（examine）thepaintingattheexhibitionbelieveitisgenuine.Itissaidthatseveral__________(special)willcometoassesstheproject.Irealizedthattosucceedinquittingsmoking,Ihadtoreplaceit______somethingelse.Manypeoplecycletoworkinresponse________thegovernment'scallforlivingalow－carbonlife.Aftersixmonthsoftryingthenewwaysofrelaxing,Ifeelmuch______（energy）.【答案】1.Abusing2.repeatedly3.toapply

4.disturbing5.Absorbed；skipped6.examining7.specialists8.with9.to10.moreenergetic【解析】1.考查動名詞作主語。句意：虐待兒童在一些國家是一種普遍現(xiàn)象。is是謂語動詞，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是非謂語動詞，此處是動名詞作主語，且位于句首用大寫開頭。故答案為Abusing。2.考查副詞。句意：我首先不遺余力地抓住意思，然后大聲朗讀。句中read是動詞，由副詞修飾，所給詞repeat是動詞，其副詞是repeatedly，意為“重復(fù)地”。故答案為repeatedly。3.考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。句意：你最好做出選擇，申請一個更有意義的活動。句中make是謂語動詞，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是非謂語動詞，此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語。故答案為toapply。4.考查形容詞。句意：16歲時，他開始注意到家里發(fā)生了一些令人不安的事情。形容詞修飾不定代詞時，放在不定代詞的后面；空前所給詞disturb是動詞，其形容詞是disturbing，意為“令人不安的”，在句中修飾空前的不定代詞something。故答案為disturbing。5.考查形容詞作狀語和一般過去時。句意：她全神貫注地工作，什么也沒注意到，甚至連飯都沒吃。固定搭配：beabsorbedin“專心于，全神貫注于”；第一空是形容詞作狀語，且位于句子開頭，首字母用大寫；根據(jù)空前and可知，此處用一般過去時，與前面的noticed構(gòu)成并列謂語，skip的過去式是skipped。故答案為Absorbed；skipped。6.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在展覽會上檢驗這幅畫的專家認(rèn)為它是真跡。句中believe是謂語動詞，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞，所給詞examine和句子主語Experts之間是主動關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故答案為examining。7.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：據(jù)說將有幾位專家來評估這個項目。根據(jù)空前的several可知，設(shè)空處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所給詞special是形容詞，其名詞是specialist，意為“專家”。故答案為specialists。8.考查介詞。句意：我意識到，要成功戒煙，我必須用其他東西來代替它。固定搭配：replace...with...“用替代”。故答案為with。9.考查固定搭配。句意：許多人騎車上班是為了響應(yīng)政府對低碳生活的號召。固定搭配：inresponseto“響應(yīng)，對有反應(yīng)”。故答案為to。10.考查形容詞比較級。句意：在嘗試了六個月的新放松方式后，我感覺精力充沛了很多?？涨癴eel是連系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語，much修飾比較級，所以設(shè)空處用比較級，所給詞energy是名詞，其形容詞是energetic，比較級是moreenergetic。故答案為moreenergetic。重點句型這些壞習(xí)慣如果不加以控制，當(dāng)他們成年后會導(dǎo)致一種更嚴(yán)重的后果。（if條件從句的省略）Thesebadhabits,

________________,

couldleadtomoreserious

oneswhentheybecomeadults.

——我們應(yīng)該更加強調(diào)環(huán)境保護?！彝耆狻＃ū容^級跟否定詞連用表達“最高級”意思）——Weshouldplacemoreemphasisonenvironmentalprotection.——I___________________.我剛到辦公室，我的父親就打電話讓我馬上回家。（theinstant/themoment/thesecond...引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于assoonas）____________Iarrivedattheoffice,myfatherphonedmetogobackhomeatonce.在別人說話時插話是不禮貌的。（it作形式主語，不定式作真正主語）_________isimpolite___________________otherswhiletheyaretalking.我訪問法國的愿望最后變成了現(xiàn)實。（不定式作定語）Mywish___________Francehascometrueatlast.【答案】1.ifleftunchecked2.couldn’tagreemore3.Theinstant/moment/second/minute4.It；tointerrupt5.tovisit【解析】考查if條件狀語從句的省略。if條件狀語從句可以省略與主句相同的主語和be動詞；“這些壞習(xí)慣如果不加以控制”翻譯為ifthesebadhabitsareleftunchecked，可以省略為ifleftunchecked。故答案為ifleftunchecked?？疾楸容^級的用法。否定詞no/not/nothing/nobody...和比較級在同一句中使用，比較級表達“最高級”的意思。例如：Icouldn'tfindabetterhotel.（我不能找到一個更好的賓館。也就是說“這個賓館是最好的”）。“我完全同意”翻譯為Icouldn’tagreemore.故答案為couldn’tagreemore。考查名詞詞組引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。名詞詞組theinstant/themoment/thesecond/theminute可以相當(dāng)于assoonas引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，時態(tài)的搭配也一樣。位于句首要用大寫開頭。故答案為Theinstant/moment/second/minute?？疾閕t的用法?！安逶挕狈g為tointerrupt，在句中作真正的主語，it作形式主語。故答案為It；tointerrupt?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶鞫ㄕZ?！拔以L問法國的愿望”翻譯為mywishtovisitFrance，其中不定式作后置定語。故答案為tovisit。四、語法精練（1）.單句語法填空1.Itwasonthissmallisland______shewasbroughtupbyhergrandma.2.Perhapsevolutionprovidedhumanbabieswith_______(curious)andanaturaldrivetoexploretheirworlds.3.TheYangtzeRiveristhesecond_______(long)riverintheworld.4.Itwasabigstrugglenottojoinmyfriendsin_______(play)onlinegamesasI’mmadforthem.5.Youcan’tmisshim.He________(wear)adarkgreensuitandayellowtiewaitingforyouattheagreedrestaurant.6.Onlybyworkinghardcanapersonovercomedifficultiesand______(eventual)achievegreatsuccess.7.Ifwefindourselves______(stick)inthatspacewherewebelievewelackwillpower,whatcanwedo?8.Your______(perform)asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.9.Aftermanyyears,hefinallyadaptedto______(live)insuchcoldareas.10.Itisahardtask_______(break)uplonghabitsinashorttime.【答案】1.that2.curiosity3.longest4.playing5.willbewearing6.eventually7.stuck8.performance9.living10.tobreak【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。句意：她就是在這個小島上由奶奶帶大的。強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+強調(diào)部分+that，如果強調(diào)部分指人，也可用who代替that。該句強調(diào)地點狀語onthissmallisland，指物。故答案為that?？疾槊~。句意：也許進化為人類嬰兒提供了好奇心和探索世界的自然動力。介詞with后面用名詞、動名詞或代詞賓格，所給詞curious是形容詞，其名詞是curiosity“好奇心”。故答案為curiosity?？疾樾稳菰~最高級。句意：長江是世界上第二長的河流。the用在形容詞最高級前。故答案為longest?？疾閯用~作賓語。句意：不和我的朋友一起玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲是一件很困難的事情，因為我非常喜歡它們。介詞in后面用動名詞作賓語。故答案為playing。5.考查將來進行時。句意：你不會找不到他的。他將穿著墨綠色西裝，系著黃色領(lǐng)帶，在約定的餐廳等你。根據(jù)Youcan’tmisshim.可知表示將來；再根據(jù)waitingforyouattheagreedrestaurant.可知表示正在進行的動作。設(shè)空處是謂語動詞，表示將來正在進行的動作，所以用將來進行時。故答案為willbewearing。6.考查副詞。句意：一個人只有通過努力工作才能克服困難，最終取得巨大的成功。空后achieve是動詞，意為“取得，實現(xiàn)”，由副詞修飾，所給詞eventual是形容詞，其副詞是eventually。故答案為eventually。7.考查過去分詞。句意：如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被困在一個我們認(rèn)為自己缺乏意志力的空間里，我們能做什么?動詞find后面的賓語ourselves和動詞stick之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去分詞作賓語補足語。故答案為stuck。8.考查名詞。句意：如果你養(yǎng)成了反思學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣，你的學(xué)生成績就會很好。空前your是形容詞性物主代詞，修飾名詞，所給詞perform是動詞，其名詞是performance。故答案為performance。9.考查動名詞作賓語。句意：多年以后，他終于適應(yīng)了在這樣寒冷的地區(qū)生活。動詞短語：adaptto“適應(yīng)”，其中to是介詞，后面用動名詞作賓語。故答案為living。10.考查不定式作主語。句意：在短時間內(nèi)改掉長期的習(xí)慣是一項艱巨的任務(wù)。此處是it作形式主語，不定式作真正的主語。故答案為tobreak。（2）.單句寫作1．明天這個時候，這個醫(yī)生將正在給一個病人做手術(shù)。（將來進行時）__________________________________________________只要有目標(biāo)，任何時候開始學(xué)習(xí)都不會太遲的。（too...todo...）__________________________________________________他總是吃苦在前，享樂在后。（不定式作定語）__________________________________________________4．杰克一見到我就情不自禁地談起他的北京之行。（Theinstant；can'thelpbut...）_________________________________________________5．預(yù)測將來要發(fā)生什么是很難的。（it作形式主語）_________________________________________________【答案】1.Tomorrowthistime,thedoctorwillbeoperatingonapatient.2.Aslongasyouhaveagoal,it'snevertoolatetostartlearning.3.Heisalwaysthefirsttobearhardshipsandthelasttoenjoycomforts.4.TheinstantJacksawme,hecouldn’thelpbuttalkabouthistriptoBeijing.5.Itisdifficulttomakepredictionsaboutwhatwillhappeninthefuture.【解析】1.“明天這個時候”翻譯為tomorrowthistime，可知這里表達“將來某個時候?qū)⒄诎l(fā)生的事情”，所以句子用將來進行時；“這個醫(yī)生將正在給一個病人做手術(shù)”翻譯為thedoctorwillbeoperatingonapatient.故答案為Tomorrowthistime,thedoctorwillbeoperatingonapatient.2.“只要有目標(biāo)”翻譯為aslongasyouhaveagoal，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；“任何時候開始學(xué)習(xí)都不會太遲的”翻譯為it'snevertoolatetostartlearning.固定結(jié)構(gòu)：too...todosth.“太而不能做某事”。故答案為Aslongasyouhaveagoal,it'snevertoolatetostartlearning.3.該句在描述客觀事實，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時；“吃苦在前，享樂在后”翻譯為thefirsttobearhardshipsandthelasttoenjoycomforts，其中不定式作后置定語。故答案為Heisalwaysthefirsttobearhardshipsandthelasttoenjoycomforts.4.“杰克一見到我”翻譯為theinstantJacksawme，其中名詞詞組theinstant意為“一就”，相當(dāng)于assoonas引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；“情不自禁地談起他的北京之行”翻譯為hecouldn’thelpbuttalkabouthistriptoBeijing，其中can'thelpbutdosth.意為“不得不做某事”。故答案為TheinstantJacksawme,hecouldn’thelpbuttalkabouthistriptoBeijing.5.“預(yù)測將來要發(fā)生什么”翻譯為tomakepredictionsaboutwhatwillhappeninthefuture，介詞about后面用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句；該句it作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正在的主語。故答案為Itisdifficulttomakepredictionsaboutwhatwillhappeninthefuture.五、課內(nèi)語法填空___1___teenagersgrowingup,someofthemhavedevelopedbadhabits.Thesebadhabits,ifnot___2___（stop）,couldresultinseriousproblemswhentheybecomeadults,suchastobaccooralcoholabuse.____3___(prevent)harmfulhabitslikethesefromaffectinga___4___(teenager)lifeisessential.Accordingtomodernpsychology,___5___changebadhabits,wemustfirstanalysethemusingthe“habitcycle”.Wemustfirstfindout___6___thecueis.Thenwemustreplacetheoldnegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.Ifsuccessful,wewillfeel___7___senseofsatisfactionandourbadhabitsmaydisappear.Breakingabadhabit___8___(be)difficult,anditiseasytomakeexcusesandgiveup.Weneedtomakeupourmindsandshowsomediscipline,andmakesmall___9___(change)overaperiodoftime.Thereisno“magicpill”tohelpus,butthechangeswillensurewehavehappyand___10___(health)lifefullofgoodhabits!【答案】1.With2.stopped3.Toprevent4.teenager’s5.to6.what7.a8.is9.changes10.healthy【解析】考查with的用法。句意：隨著青少年的成長，他們中的一些人養(yǎng)成了壞習(xí)慣。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞，意為“隨著”，相當(dāng)于連詞as“隨著”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；位于句首第一個字母要大寫。故答案為With。考查過去分詞作狀語。句意：這些壞習(xí)慣，如果不停止，可能會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的問題，當(dāng)他們長大成人，如吸煙或酗酒。此處是if條件狀語從句的省略，省略了與主句相同的主語和be動詞，句子主語和動詞stop之間是被動關(guān)系，是if加過去分詞作條件狀語。故答案為stopped?？疾閯釉~不定式作主語。句意：防止這些有害的習(xí)慣影響青少年的生活是至關(guān)重要的。此處是動詞不定式作主語，該句也可以用it作形式主語，動詞不定式放在后面，作真正的主語；位于句子開頭，首字母大寫。故答案為Toprevent。考查名詞所有格。句意：防止這些有害的習(xí)慣影響青少年的生活是至關(guān)重要的。此處用名詞所有格修飾后面的名詞life，teenager的名詞所有格是teenager’。故答案為teenager’?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶髂康臓钫Z。句意：根據(jù)現(xiàn)代心理學(xué)，要改變壞習(xí)慣，我們必須首先用“習(xí)慣周期”來分析它們。設(shè)空處填小品詞to，與后面的動詞原形change構(gòu)成動詞不定式，在句中作目的狀語。故答案為to?？疾橘e語從句。句意：我們必須先找出線索是什么。動詞短語findout后面是賓語從句，從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞，且引導(dǎo)詞還要在從句中作is的表語，連接代詞what符合句意。故答案為what?？疾楣潭ù钆?。句意：如果成功了，我們會有一種滿足感，我們的壞習(xí)慣可能會消失。改掉壞習(xí)慣很難，找借口和放棄也很容易。固定搭配：asenseof“一種的感覺”。故答案為a?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時和主謂一致。句意：如果成功了，我們會有一種滿足感，我們的壞習(xí)慣可能會消失。改掉壞習(xí)慣很難，找借口和放棄也很容易。該句在描述一個客觀事實，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時，這里是動名詞作主語，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故答案為is?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我們需要下定決心，表現(xiàn)出一定的紀(jì)律，并在一段時間內(nèi)做出一些小的改變?？涨皊mall是形容詞，修飾名詞；所給詞change在這里是名詞，前面沒有冠詞之類的限制詞，所以要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故答案為changes。考查形容詞作定語。句意：沒有“靈丹妙藥”來幫助我們，但改變將確保我們有快樂和健康的生活充滿了好習(xí)慣!空后life是名詞，由形容詞修飾，所給詞health是名詞，其形容詞是healthy，在句中作定語。故答案為healthy。六、書面表達假定你是李華，是某中學(xué)學(xué)生會主席。你發(fā)現(xiàn)有些同學(xué)在就餐時間吃零食，不去餐廳吃飯。請寫一封倡議信，呼吁同學(xué)們注意飲食健康。1.飲食健康的重要性：2.吃零食的壞處：3.向同學(xué)們發(fā)出倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearfriends,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【參考范文】Dearfriends,IamLiHua.Inoticesomestudentseatsnacksatmealtimesinsteadofhavingmeals.NowI'dliketocallonyoutoformahealthyeatinghabits.Forusstudents,weneedenoughnutrientstokeepourbodyfunctioningwell.Eatinghealthyfoodisofgreatimportancetous.Havingmealsregularlyisagoodwaytokeepfitandpreventdiseases.Byeatingsnacks,wemaygetsickeasily.Let'schangeourwaysofliving.Let'shaveahealthydietfromnowon.Byhavingmealsregularly,wewillgrowuphealthilyandhappily.Yours,LiHua七、對接高考1.閱讀理解第一節(jié)2022年高考英語全國甲卷閱讀理解DSometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredtotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere-broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways-heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity."I'llmisstheseoldboats,"hesaidasweparted."Howdoyoumean?"Iasked."Oh,they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,andthey'renotfuntopilot.Hutthat'sprogress,Iguess."EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords（口號）,andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings."Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,"shesaid."Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It'saconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving（解決）.”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,"hetoldme."WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We'vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It'saprettyhardcombinationtobeat."Heisright,butIcan'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.12．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Sydney'sstrikingarchitecture.B．TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C．ThekeytoSydney'sdevelopment.D．Sydney'stouristattractionsinthe1960s.13．WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A．Hegoestoworkbyboat.B．Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C．Hepilotscatamaranswell.D．Heisattachedtotheoldferries.14．WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A．Itislosingitstraditions.B．Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C．Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D．Itisbecomingmoreinternational.15．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Acitycanbeyoungandcadatthesametime.B．Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C．modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D．Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.A【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，通過作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題。12．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.”20世紀(jì)60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口；以及“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.”但是是港口造就了城市。可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotSydneyferryboatsforaliving.”30歲出頭的AndrewReynolds是個快樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔(dān)任渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生；第三段中的“I'llmisstheseoldboats.”我會想念這些舊船的；以及第五段“中的Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey'renotfuntopilot.”雙體船更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不有趣?？芍?，渡輪領(lǐng)航員AndrewReynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.”悉尼的官方歷史學(xué)家ShirleyFitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀(jì)70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑?？赏浦?，ShirleyFitzgerald認(rèn)為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.”另一方面，同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當(dāng)我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時，我考慮到了這一點；以及最后一段中的“Heisright”他說得沒錯?？赏浦?，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認(rèn)為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A。2020年高考英語全國一卷閱讀理解BReturningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It’strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it’sallaboutthepresent.It’saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isEmestHemningway’sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard’sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar’sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.24.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B.It’sawindowtoawholenewworld.C.It’sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A.It’sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It’saboutHemingway’slifeasayoungman.C.It’sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It’saboutHemingway’sfriendsinParis.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂currency＂inparagraph4referto?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry.B.He’saneditor.C.He’sveryambitious.D.Heteachesreading.【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.A【解析】24.推理判斷題。推理判斷題要找到對應(yīng)句，同時進行邏輯推理。從第二段“theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings”及最后一段“it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadIordertobetterunderstandyourfriends”.可知答案為D。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干聚焦海明威的作品，做題以thebookAMoveableFeast為定位詞，對應(yīng)到第三段“Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sinParis...anambitioussimplertime.可知《流動的盛宴》此書記錄了作者年輕時候的故事。故選B。26.詞義猜測題。”currency”字面意思為貨幣，但要代入語境。詞不離句，在文句中引申為重復(fù)閱讀作者的作品是對作者最高的“回報“，reward最為接近。故選B。27.推理判斷題。從文中可知作者反復(fù)閱讀自己喜愛的書籍并提到胡利奧.科塔薩爾的詩集選SaveTwilight,可知作者喜愛詩歌。故選A。2020年高考英語全國一卷閱讀理解CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalksnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.30WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【答案】28.C29.D26.A27.B【解析】本文為說明文，介紹競走這項運動，人與自我——健康的生活方式。文章將競走與跑步進行比較，主要介紹了競走的基本動作要領(lǐng)、對競走者的體能要求及身體的沖擊力，并給想要嘗試競走的人提出了建議。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)題干中的conditionedathletes可定位到文中第二段Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes（這項運動要求運動員擺腿時不能彎曲膝蓋，同時比賽過程中要保持一只腳不能離地）。說明競走運動員時要遵守該比賽的這些特殊規(guī)則的。所以答案為C。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)題干中的advantage以及overrunning鎖定However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays（然而，諾伯格博士說，競走對身體的沖擊沒有跑步大）。因此答案為D.30.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題，題干中的someonetryingracewalking與本文Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.（她說，事實上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應(yīng)該先咨詢教練或有經(jīng)驗的運動員，學(xué)習(xí)正確的技術(shù)。這需要一些練習(xí)）對應(yīng)。此句中consultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique意思是咨詢教練或者有經(jīng)驗的運動員以學(xué)習(xí)一些恰當(dāng)?shù)募记伞Ｋ源祟}選擇A選項。31.態(tài)度判斷題，做題時要從全文的理解。作者在本文第一段表明了競走是一項對我們健康有利且不會對身體造成傷害的非常好的運動，但競走也有它的需要注意的問題。在后面的行文中，作者提及了對競走的優(yōu)缺點，因此作者的態(tài)度客觀理性。故選B。第二節(jié)七選五2020年高考英語(全國卷I)七選五AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.___36___Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●___37___Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.___38___Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?＂Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.___39___●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.___40___Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了幾個自我接納（self-acceptance）的四個小技巧。36.根據(jù)題目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接納的幾點建議)及下文的Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(這有很多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法。)可知，選項B.Wheredoyoustart?(從哪里開始那？)最合下文語境，故選B項。37.根據(jù)下文Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?可知，本段主要講述不要把自己和別人作比較，因為生活是我們自己的，我們也是世界上獨一無二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和別人進行比較。)可以作為本段中心句，故選F項。38.根據(jù)本文的中心句Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原諒自己所犯的錯誤。)可知，本句是在說明要講自己看作一個普通人，普通人是會犯錯的。選項D.Remem