狀語從句Theadverbialclause

狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。當(dāng)狀語為句子時(shí)即為狀語從句，一般可以用來表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果等概念。一、狀語從句定義

Jimjoinedthearmyin1989.Jimjoinedthearmywhenhewas20.HelearnedEnglishinAmerica.HelearnedEnglishwherehelived.

｛｛表時(shí)間的短語時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句表地點(diǎn)的短語狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句條件狀語從句原因狀語從句讓步狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句目的狀語從句二、狀語從句分類（一）.時(shí)間狀語從句：由when

引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句由while/as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句由assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句由before/after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句由until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句由since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句1）When

Icameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.2)Theyarrivedwhenwewerehavingdinner.（一）、時(shí)間狀語從句：當(dāng)我正在吃晚飯時(shí)，他們到達(dá)了。當(dāng)我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，他正在寫信。1.由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。when指的是“當(dāng)...時(shí)候”。1)while指“在某一段時(shí)間里”，“在…期間”，while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的。2)as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句常譯作“一邊…一邊…”。Whileitwasraining,theywentout.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindas

hewent.當(dāng)在下雨的時(shí)候，他們出去了。他匆匆回家了，一邊走一邊回頭看。2.由while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。when，while，as都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，但用法區(qū)別非常大。

when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；而while和as只能和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。

e.g.Theyarrived

whilewewerehavingdinner.=Theyarrivedwhenwewerehavingdinner.

我們吃飯的時(shí)候他們到了。1.Itwasrainingwhenshearrivedatthestation.2.Whenyouworked,Iwassleeping.短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞when(1)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(2)時(shí)間段/時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段從句中動(dòng)作既可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，又可以在主句動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。while1.IwasdoinghomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.2.Don’tmakeanynoisewhileothersarereading.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)間段/延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/時(shí)間點(diǎn)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞主句從句1.一般過去時(shí)（動(dòng)詞都是短暫性動(dòng)詞）when/while+過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（動(dòng)詞都是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）when+一般過去時(shí)3.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（動(dòng)詞都是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）while+過去進(jìn)行時(shí)when，while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句?？?.Lindawasjustgoingoutforshopping______thetelephonerang.A.whileB.whenC.afterD.because

2.(23中考)Whilewe_____anEnglishsong,somevisitorscametoourclass.A.singB.willsingC.weresingD.issingingBCassoonas意為“一…就”若主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。3.由assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。Jerryrushedhomeassoonasheheardthenews.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonas

shereturnshome.杰瑞一聽到這個(gè)消息就趕回家。主將從現(xiàn)(?？?她一回家我就告訴她這件事情。before表示

“在…之前”。(主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前)after譯為“在…之后”。(主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后)Beforewebegindinner,myfathergivesthanksforthefood.MotherpreparesdinnerafterIcomebackfromschool.4.由before、after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。在我們開始晚飯之前，我爸爸對(duì)食物表示感謝。在我從學(xué)?；貋碇?，媽媽準(zhǔn)備晚飯。until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“直到……”。①用于肯定句，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到某時(shí)刻為止。②用于否定句，通常與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用，與not構(gòu)成not…until結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到……才……”。I’llstayhereuntil/tillyoucomeback.Hedidn’t

gotobeduntil/tillhefinishedhishomework.5.由until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。我會(huì)呆在這里，直到你回來。他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。since意為“自從……”，I?have?been?in?Beijing

since?you?left.?6.由since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。自從你離開，我就一直待在北京。sincesince+一段時(shí)間+agosince+時(shí)間點(diǎn)since+一過的句子since后的從句+一般過去的句子since前的主句+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)=for+一段時(shí)間1.MissLinhastaughtusEnglish

__wecametothisschool.A．a(chǎn)fter

B．since

C．beforeD．when2.Checkwhatyouhavewritten______youhandinyour

form.A．sinceB．beforeC．a(chǎn)fterD．WhileBB3.-Willyoupleasetellheraboutthenews?-Sure,I’lltellheraboutitassoonasshe___back.A.comeB.willcomeC.cameD.comesD主將從現(xiàn)(常考)：主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.I’llgotovisitmyauntinEngland_____thesummerholidaysstart.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.assoonas4.(22南開)I___Billsincehe___toourschool.A．know;hascomeB．know;cameC．haveknown;cameD．haveknown;hascomeDC5.(22中考)Beforeyougetoffthebus,youshouldwait____ithasstopped.

A.untilB.butC.soD.because

6.(21中考)Mycousinbecameacountrydoctor_____hefinishedmedicalscool.A.afterB.sothatC.butD.soAA由where引導(dǎo)?！霸?...地方”ThereareplentyofsheepwhereIlive.（二）.地點(diǎn)狀語從句：我們住的地方有許多羊。原因狀語從句概念導(dǎo)入復(fù)合句中表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生原因的句子即為原因狀語從句典型例句Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.As

itisraining,weshallnotgotothezoo.Since

youcan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.1.由because引導(dǎo)。because用來回答why

的問題，語氣最強(qiáng)，一般放在主句之后。

Icamebacklateyesterday

because

Iworkedtoolate.（三）.原因狀語從句：常用引導(dǎo)詞：because，since，as，for；“因?yàn)椤币驗(yàn)槲夜ぷ鞯靥?，我昨天回來晚了。because和so不能同在一個(gè)句子中。BecauseIwasafraid,Ididn’tgothere.BecauseIwasafraid,soIdidn’tgothere.易錯(cuò)題1because和becauseof也有明顯區(qū)別。Because后面要跟從句，而becauseof后面跟名詞短語Heislateforschoolbecauseitrainsheavily.Heislateforschoolbecauseoftheheavyrain.易錯(cuò)題22.由since，as引導(dǎo)。

since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可知道的原因,常置于主句之前。as意為“由于”，常置于主句之前

Since

everyoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.As

hewasinahurry,Jacklefthisbaghome.（三）.原因狀語從句：常用引導(dǎo)詞：because，since，as,for；“因?yàn)椤庇捎谧叩拇颐?，杰克把包落在了家里。因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都在這里，讓我們開始開會(huì)吧。3.由for引導(dǎo)。

for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，只能放于主句之后并且用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開；引出的原因是一種補(bǔ)充說明的作用。

Hecouldn’tseeme,

forIwasnotthere.（三）.原因狀語從句：常用引導(dǎo)詞：because，since，as,for；“因?yàn)椤彼荒芸匆娢?，因?yàn)槲覜]在那兒。目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

may(might),can(could),should等連用，從句往往放在主句之后,主從句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。

We

learn

English

so

that

we

may

get

more

knowledge.（四）.目的狀語從句：由sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)，“為了；目的是”。我們學(xué)英語為的是獲得更多的知識(shí)。結(jié)果狀語從句用來補(bǔ)充說明主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生所帶來的結(jié)果Theboyissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothepark.結(jié)果狀語從句概念導(dǎo)入典型例句1.由so引導(dǎo)

Heworkedtoohard,sohefellillagain.2.由so…that

引導(dǎo)。so+形容詞/副詞+that從句；

e.g.Hewassoweakthathecouldhardlystandup.（五）.結(jié)果狀語從句：常用引導(dǎo)詞：so(所以),so…that…，such…that（so接形容詞、副詞；such接名詞）；“如此...以至于”1.so+形容詞/副詞+that從句2.so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句

e.g.Aliceissogoodateaherthatallusloveher.3.so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that從句

e.g.Shesaiditsomanytimesthatshecan’tbelieveit.4.so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句

e.g.Tommadesolittleprogressthathisparentsfeltsad.1.such...that(1)such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that從句(2)such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句e.g.It’ssuch

afunnymoive

thatwecan’tmissit.e.g.Theyaresuchnicepeoplethatwealllikethem.e.g.It’s

suchgoodadvice

thatyoucouldbeadoctor.（五）.結(jié)果狀語從句：1.

I

won’t

be

able

to

understand

whatyou

say,_______you

speak

too

quickly.A.if

B.though

C.because

D.but2.

Theydeveloptheirskills________theycandothingsbetterandbetter.A.howeverB.becauseC.sinceD.sothatCD3.Mr.

Green

speaks

very

loudly_______all

the

peoplecan

hear

himclearly.A.when B.sothatC.becauseD.when4.(22和平)Getthingsreadyearly____youdon’thavetorusharoundatthelastminute.

A．untilB．sinceC．sothatD．whileBC5.Ican’tsleepwellatnight,_______Ioftenfeelverytiredintheday.A.so B.sothatC.becauseD.but6.HelenisgoingtoBeijing____hermother’sbirthdayiscoming.

A．soB．becauseC．butD．a(chǎn)ndAB5.(22河?xùn)|)-Makesureheiswarm.Coverhimwithacoat.-That’s____goodadvice_____youwouldbeadoctor.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.sucha;thatD.soa;thatB6.Thecamerais______expensive______Ican’taffordit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.sucha;thatD.soa;thatA（六）.讓步狀語從句：常用引導(dǎo)詞：though/although（盡管）,evenif/though（即使）；whatever;as(盡管)引導(dǎo)

1.though/although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化，后者正式，多放主句的。在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but），但可以與yet或still連用。Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.盡管他超過了六十歲，但是他開始學(xué)法語。2.由evenif，eventhough引導(dǎo),“即使”。I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也會(huì)去。3.由whatever=nomatterwhat等引導(dǎo),“不管/無論什么”。whoever無論誰；whenever無論什么時(shí)候；wherever無論哪里；however無論怎么樣Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.=Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.無論發(fā)生了什么,他都不會(huì)介意。4.由as引導(dǎo),“雖然，盡管”從句用倒裝語序。(寫作可用)公式：形容詞、副詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞+as+主語+謂語e.g.Difficultastheworkwas,hefinisheditontime.盡管我很想留下來，但我確實(shí)必須回家。e.g.MuchasIwouldliketostay,Ireallymustgohome.盡管工作很難，他還是按時(shí)完成了。1.Shestillfailedintheexam,_____shetriedherbest.A.thoughB.becauseC.ifD.or2.Mycousinknowsalotaboutgeography,

______heisonlyfouryearsold.A.because

B.so

C.althoughD.ifACLanguagepracticeNoshouting,please!Don’tcrossthatrope!Don’tberude!IfyouevergotoLondon,makesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum.Grammar（一）常見指示牌及表示禁止的結(jié)構(gòu)（1）名詞或名詞詞組ENTRANCEEXITDANGERBUSINESSHOURSOFFICEHOURS入口出口危險(xiǎn)營業(yè)時(shí)間工作時(shí)間（2）動(dòng)詞PULLPUSHPLAYSTOPPAUSE拉

推

播放停止

暫停（3）形容詞OPENCLOSEDFRAGILE營業(yè)中關(guān)門易碎的表示“禁止做某事”No+動(dòng)詞-ingNo+名詞祈使句Notalking!禁止說話！Nophotos!禁止拍照！Closethewindow,please.請(qǐng)關(guān)上窗戶。Nolittering!禁止亂扔垃圾！Noentry!禁止入內(nèi)！Don’ttouch—it’shot.勿摸，燙。（4）1._____wakeupyoursister,Ben.Sheneedsagoodsleep.A.Don’tB.Doesn’tC.Aren’tD.Can’t2.Weoftenseethesign“____”onthedoorofaswitchingroom（配電室）.A.NolitteringB.NoentryC.NoswimmingD.Noparking3.—_______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children_____swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can4.—Sorry,I’mlate.—_____tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don’tD.NoIfImaginethe

future1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if,由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句表示在某種條件下某事很可能發(fā)生。（六）.條件狀語從句：由if（如果），unless（如果不），as/solongas（只要）引導(dǎo)

TomorrowisLily’sBirthdayparty.Whatwillhappen?IthinkIwillgototheparty.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagreattime.If從句主句If

意為“假如；如果”引導(dǎo)的句子在句中做條件狀語，叫做條件狀語從句，表示在某種條件下某事很可能會(huì)發(fā)生。IthinkIwillwearjeanstotheparty.Ifyouwearjeanstotheparty,theteacherwon’tletyouin.If從句主句or:Theteacherwon’tletyouinifyouwearjeanstotheparty.主句If從句If從句在主句前時(shí)，________逗號(hào)隔開。主句在If從句前時(shí)，________逗號(hào)。用不用Boy：IthinkIwilltakethebustotheparty.Mom:Ifyoutakethebustotheparty,youwillbelate.Youwillbelateifyoutakethebustotheparty.一般將來時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)條件狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作，主句用將來時(shí)。即：主將從現(xiàn)（重難點(diǎn)）1.IfyouwanttomakeLilyhappy,youshouldgiveheragift.2.Youcansingasongforherifyoulike.如果你愿意的話，你可以為她唱首歌。如果你想要Lily開心，你應(yīng)該送她一份禮物。補(bǔ)充主將從現(xiàn)中的主句有時(shí)會(huì)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/may/might…）+動(dòng)詞原形,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。即：主情從現(xiàn)3.Don’tleavewithoutsayinggoodbyeifyouhavetogo.如果你要離開，不能不辭而別。補(bǔ)充主將從現(xiàn)中的主句也可以是祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。即：主祈從現(xiàn)小結(jié)含if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用：1.will+do(主將從現(xiàn))2.may/can…+do(主情從現(xiàn))3.祈使句（主祈從現(xiàn)）主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)別：注意Iwonderiftheywillgoforapicnic.賓語從句if“是否”Conclusion賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that（陳述句）if／whether（一般疑問句）

特殊疑問詞（特殊疑問句)時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般過去時(shí)從句一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序（引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語）客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象公式定理名言警句時(shí)態(tài)不變

１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.（23中考）-Doyouremember______?-Sure.OntheeveningofMayDay.A.howwegottotheJiefangBridgeB.howdidwegettotheJiefangBridgeC.whentheJiefangBridgeopeneditselfD.whendidtheJiefangBridgeopenitselfCC2.unless“如果不”Isleepwithwindowopenunlessit’sreallycold.3.aslongas“只要”

Youmayborrowthisbookaslongasyoukeepitclean.（六）.條件狀語從句：由if（如果；是否），unless（如果不），as/solongas（只要）引導(dǎo)

如果不是太冷了，我開著窗戶睡覺。只要你保持干凈，你就可以借這本書。鞏固練習(xí)1.Wewillstayathome_______itrainstomorrow.A.

and

B.ifC.butD.so2.—Theweatherreportsaysthatit_____tomorrowinmostpartsofAnshuncity.—Ifit____,theschoolsportsmeetwillbecanceled.A.willrain;willrainB.willrain;rainsC.rains;willrainD.rains;rainsBB3.Wecan’tavoidtrafficaccidents____everyonefollowstherules.A.unlessB.ifC.untilD.though4.(22南開)___allphotosareexcellent,wecan’tgiveprizestoeveryone.A．SinceB．BeforeC．AfterD．EvenifAD根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Ifyou___________(