Youmayrideonyourbicycleinarushtogettoschooleverymorning.Youmayfighttogetabitofspaceonabusoronthesubway.Youmayalsowatchtaxiscrawltheirwaythroughtrafficjams.Nomatterwhereyouare，allbigcitiesaroundtheworldhavetrafficjamsthesedays.Althoughtheyallhavetheirproblems，manycitiesalsohaveatypeoftransportthathasbeeaculturalicon(文化標識)．InLondon，toavoidthetrafficaboveground，peopleusethe“underground”，alsocalledthe“Tube”．ThecityhastheoldestandmostplicatedundergroundrailwaysystemintheworldandistheprideofmanyLondoners.With12linesand275stationsacrossthecity，theTubeisnormallythequickestandeasiestwayofgettingaroundLondon.InLondon，youareneverfarfromaTubestation.NewYorkisfamousforitsyellowcabs.TheyserveasaquickandeasywayofgettingacrossManhattan，wherethesubwaydoesn’ttakeyoueverywhere.Stoppingacabiseasy；juststickoutyourarmlikeyoudoinanycity.But，withover12,000yellowcabsintheBigApple，theyalsocausetrafficjams.Since1873whenthefirstcablecarstartedpublicservice，theslowandnoisyvehiclehasbeenasymbolofSanFrancisco.Althoughoncedamagedbyaseriousearthquakeandchallengedbycars，itisnevercaughtintrafficjamsandprovidesbetterviewsthanthesubway.ButtherearenosuchsymbolsinLosAngeles.Ifyouvisityou’dbetterrentacar.Thecity’spublictransportationisterrible.Itcantakehourstogetacrosstownbybus.Thesubwaycoversjustasmallpartofthecitycentre.ThelightraillineonlyrunsbetweentheLongBeachhotelareaandthecitycentre.That’swhyAngelenoslovetheirprivatecarsmorethananyotherpeopleintheworld.根據上文完成下列各題1．WhydoyellowcabsbeeaculturaliconoftransportationinNewYork?2．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?PeriodOneWarm-up&Lesson1OnYourBikeⅠ.重點單詞1．n．騎自行車的人v．循環(huán)；騎自行車2．n．駕駛汽車的人3．n．阻塞，擁擠4．adv.實際地，真實地adj.事實的，實際的5．vi.&n.得益；好處6．adj.平的7．adv.所以，因此8．adj.方便的，便利的n．方便，便利9．adj.抱有希望的adv.充滿希望地10．n．街坊；鄰近地區(qū)n．鄰居11．conj.無論在何處，無論到哪里12．n．賊，小偷13．vt.插入，嵌入14．n．后果，結果15．vt.逮捕；拘留16．vi.爭辯，爭吵Ⅱ.重點短語1．fed不愉快的，厭煩的2．traffic交通阻塞，塞車3．thanks多虧了4．work鍛煉身體，做運動5．argue與……爭論Ⅲ.重點句式1．年代表達法“inthe＋年份(尾數為0)＋-s/-’s”In1960s，agroupofcyclingfanshadanidea.在20世紀60年代，一群自行車迷們提出了一個想法。2．wherever引導讓步狀語從句theywouldleavethebikethereforsomeoneelsetouse.不管人們在哪里結束行程，他們都將把自行車放在那里以便其他人使用。3．with復合結構...thistimewithaputerchip(record)itseverymove!……這次每輛自行車上都裝有電腦芯片來記錄它的每一次行程?、?根據課文內容判斷正(T)、誤(F)1．Usingaputerchipistomakethebikerunfaster.()2．NowinAmsterdamnotallthebicyclesarepaintedwhite.()3．InAmsterdamridingabicycleisnotveryconvenient.Youcannotfindabicycleanywhere.()4．Thefirst“whitebikes”planfailedbecausethievestookallthebicycles.()5．Inordertoreducepollutionandsaveenergy，cyclingfanshadanotherideaofusingaputercard30yearslater.()6．TherearealotofplacestoparkbikesinAmsterdam.()7．Peoplehopetosaveenergy，reducepollution，sothe“whitebike”plansucceeded.()8．Thenew“whitebike”isactuallywhite.()Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．ThefollowingoffersconvenienceforcyclinginAmsterdamEXCEPT.A．flatgroundB．friendlycitizensC．bicyclepathsD．parkingplaces2．Inthe1960s，peopleinAmsterdam.A．couldn’tdrivecarsinthecitycentreB．onlyrodewithbikesC．hadthechancetoenjoyfreetransportationD．wereawarethattheyshouldprotecttheenvironment3．paredtothebikesinthe1960s，thereturningbikes.A．can’tbestoleneasilyB．arespeciallydesignedC．shouldbeparkedinspecialplacesD．alloftheabove4．Accordingtothepassage，weknow.A．touristscanusethewhitebikesaswellaslocalpeopleB．nocarsareallowedincentralAmsterdamC．peoplecanenjoycitycentrestreetswithoutcarsonlyinAmsterdamD．therearenothievesinAmsterdamanymore重點詞匯1．Youlookfedup!你看起來不高興！[歸納拓展]fedup不愉快的，厭煩的，沮喪的be/getfedupwith/about對……厭煩[語境助記](1)Don’tbotherme.I’malreadyfedup.不要煩我，我已經一肚子氣了。(2)Iamfedupwithhislazinessandcarelessness.我受夠了他的懶惰和粗心。(3)Afterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhile，Lowgotfedup.在生意場上工作了一段時間后，Low感到厭煩了。注意：fedup用作表語，后接名詞、代詞時須用with；接動名詞時可用with，也可不用with；接從句時不用介詞。[題組訓練](1)句型轉換①What’sthematter？Youlookprettyunhappy.→What’sthematter？Youlookpretty.②Ican’treallyputupwiththisweather—whycan’titbesunnyforachange?→I’mreallythisweather—whycan’titbesunnyforachange?(2)單句改錯Motherwillbefedupwiththatyoudidn’ttelephone.[聯想歸納]“厭煩”短語小聚：be/get/beetiredofbe/get/beeboredwithbe/get/beesickof2．PeoplehavebeenenjoyingthebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamforyears.多年來，人們一直享受著在阿姆斯特丹騎自行車的好處。[歸納拓展](1)benefitv．&n.得益；好處benefitsb./sth.使某人/事受益benefitfromsb./sth.從某人/事中受益forthebenefitof...為了……的利益(2)beneficialadj.有益處的，有用的eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beofbenefitto...,bebeneficialto...))使……受益，對……有好處[語境助記](1)Ihopewestudentswillbenefitfromyourpresence.我希望我們這些學生將因你的到來而受益。(2)ItissaidthatYogaisofgreatbenefittohumanhealth.據說瑜伽對人體健康有極大的好處。(3)Sunshineisbeneficialtoplants.陽光對植物有益。[題組訓練](1)單句語法填空①Thenewregulationswillbebenefittoeveryoneconcerned.②Takingawalkaftersupperis(benefit)toyourhealth.③Thankstotheclub，webenefitedalottheactivities.④Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsthebenefitofallitscitizens.(2)單句改錯Asisknowntoall，abalanceddietbenefitsfromone’shealth.[聯想歸納]表達“使……受益，對……有好處”的短語還有：begoodsb.dosb.good＝dogoodsb.3．Itisagoodcityforcyclingbecauseitisflatandthereforeisconvenientforbikes.它是一個適合騎自行車的城市因為它地勢平坦，所以對于自行車來說很是便利。[歸納拓展1]thereforeadv.所以；因此[語境助記1](1)Afishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowatertemperature.(2015·廣東)魚是冷血動物，因此它對水溫很敏感。(2)Theircarwasbiggerandthereforemorefortable.他們的汽車更寬敞，因此也更舒適。[易混辨析]therefore，so(1)therefore正式用語，為副詞，常用于數學、邏輯或其他精細的推論中，特別用以表示嚴密的推理；連接兩個并列分句時，其前常用分號。(2)so可作連詞，直接引導一個完整的句子，常用于簡潔的會話和日常的文體中，推理不必嚴密。[題組訓練1]用therefore，so的正確形式填空(1)Hewasverytired，andhedidn’tgivethemarketreport.(2)Thestudentsoftenbroketheschoolrules.shethoughtofsomerulesandmadethemfollowthem.(2015·廣東)(3)Hewasdownwiththeflu；hecouldn’tetotheparty.[歸納拓展2](1)convenientadj.方便的，便利的It’sconvenientforsb.todosth.某人做某事是方便的。(2)conveniencen．方便，便利；便利的事物，便利設施forconvenience為方便起見atone’sconvenience在某人方便的時候(3)convenientlyadv.方便地，便利地注意：(1)convenient作表語時，其主語不能是人，一般是sth.或it。類似的詞還有：possible/impossible，necessary/unnecessary等。(2)convenience意為“方便，便利”時，用作不可數名詞；意為“便利的事物，便利設施”時，用作可數名詞。[語境助記2](1)Smartphonesmakeiteasierandmoreconvenienttowatchvideoclips，readweibo.(2016·江蘇)智能手機使得看視頻、讀微博更容易、更方便。(2)Ihaveapreferenceforwildrelease，becauseitisveryconvenientfortheotherpersonswhowanttoreadbooks.(2015·重慶)我傾向于自由分享，因為這對于其他想讀書的人來說很方便。(3)Lookingforwardtoyourreplyatyourconvenience.(2015·重慶)期待著在您方便的時候給我答復。[題組訓練2](1)單句語法填空①Itisofgreat(convenient)forpeopletotravelbycar.②Manypeoplebuythingsonlinejustconvenience.③Ifisconvenienttoyou，pleasejoinusinourpicnic.④Myhouseis(convenient)nearthebusstop.(2)單句改錯Youmayeatanytimeinyourconvenience.4．Indeed，thankstothegoodideasoflotsofpeople，likethecyclingfansinthe1960s，manypeoplearoundtheworldhavebeenenjoyingcitycentrestreetswithoutcarsformanyyears.的確，多虧人們獻計獻策，就像20世紀60年代的自行車迷們那樣，世界各地的許多人多年以來能在市中心享受沒有汽車的環(huán)境。[歸納拓展]thanksto多虧；由于[語境助記](1)Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetakenoffthankstothefortableclimateforbusinesscreation.(2016·江蘇)由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，許多大學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)項目已經成功。(2)ItwasthankstoJohnthatwewonthegame.多虧約翰，我們才贏了這場比賽。[易混辨析]thanksto，owingto，dueto，becauseof(1)thanksto多虧，幸虧，由于，常作狀語，尤其用于解釋某件好事發(fā)生的原因和過程。(2)owingto由于，應歸功于，可作狀語和表語。(3)dueto意為“由于”，常作表語。(4)becauseof指原因，意為“因為”，用以指出理由，常作狀語。[題組訓練]選詞填空eq\x(dueto，becauseof，thanksto，owingto)(1)Wemustnotgetdiscouragedsuchaminorsetback.(2)Thisaccidentwashiscarelessness.(3)theeffortsbyDrSmith，Icanwalkaroundagainnow.(4)theheatofsummer，eachtreehastobewateredeveryday.5．apastactivitythathassomeconsequencesinthepresent一個過去的動作對現在造成的結果[歸納拓展](1)consequencen．結果，后果asaconsequence＝inconsequence結果，因此asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof作為……的結果；由于……的緣故(2)consequentlyadv.因此，所以[語境助記](1)Allaroundtheworld，wecanseetheconsequencesofthisthrowawaylifestyle.(2015·安徽)在全世界我們都可以看到這種一次性的生活方式所帶來的后果。(2)Asa/Inconsequenceofyourbadwork，Iamforcedtodismissyou.由于你干得太糟，我不得不解雇你。(3)Ioverslept，andinconsequenceIwaslateforwork.我睡過了頭，因此上班遲到了。[題組訓練](1)用適當的介詞填空①TVprogramshavegreatinfluenceonchildrenandthisviolenteventhappenedaconsequenceofviolentfilms.②Hefollowedthedoctor’sadvice.consequence，hegotwellsoon.③Theflighthastobeputofftakingoffinconsequencethestorm.(2)句型轉換Itrainedyesterday.Asaresultthematchwascanceled.→Itrainedyesterdayandthematchwascanceled.→Itrainedyesterdayandthematchwascanceled.6．workoutinthegym在體育館里鍛煉身體[歸納拓展]workout鍛煉身體，做運動；算出，解出；解決，解答；產生效果；制定出；(情況等的)發(fā)展，進行；了解，理解workat從事；致力于；鉆研workon努力改善(或完成)[語境助記](1)Toworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem，IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.為了算出那道數學難題，我已經請教Russell教授好多次了。(2)Keepingadiarycanhelpyouworkoutyourdailyfoodintakemoreaccurately.記日記有助于你更精確地了解你每日的食物攝入量。(3)Sallyworkedout10classrulesandpostedthemonthewallsoftheclassroom.(2015·廣東)薩莉制定了10條班規(guī)并貼在了教室的墻上。[題組訓練](1)用適當的介、副詞填空①Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’tworkasyouexpect.②SheworkedhardherFrenchandpassedtheexam.(2)寫出下列句子中workout的漢語意思①Thebasketballplayersareworkingoutattheplayground.②Neithertheteachernorhisstudentsknowhowtoworkouttheproblem.③Theareacanbeeasilyworkedoutifyouknowthelengthandthebreadth.④Itwasn’ttoolongbeforewehadworkedoutaplanacceptabletoall.⑤Shesaidtheplanwouldworkoutwell.That’sjustwhereIdisagree.7．arguewithsomeone與某人爭辯/吵[歸納拓展](1)arguevi.爭辯，爭吵；論證；證明arguefor為支持……爭辯；據理力爭；贊成argueagainst為反對……而爭辯；反對arguewithsb.about/oversth.因某事和某人爭論argueo/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事arguethat...主張……；堅持認為……(2)argumentn．爭辯，爭論；論證注意：arguethat...意為“主張……”時，從句中用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用(should＋)do形式；意為“堅持認為……”時，從句不用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞根據具體情況而定。[語境助記](1)Theyarguedfortherighttostrike.他們據理力爭罷工權利。(2)Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent.我將反對模仿以往的建筑風格，而選擇某些新穎迥異的東西。(3)ShearguedwithTomabout/overthebestplaceforaholiday.她和湯姆就哪個地方最適合度假爭辯了起來。(4)Despitethethumbs-upgiventotheoldlady，somearguedthatattentionshouldbepaidtoourheavyroadtraffic.(2015·江蘇)盡管有人給這位老太太點贊，但是有些人還主張應該更多地關注交通擁擠。[易混辨析]argue，debate，quarrel(1)argue指通過陳述自己的理由，提出論證，闡明自己的觀點和立場以說服別人。(2)debate指對立雙方進行正式的或公開的辯論，爭論著重雙方“交鋒或論戰(zhàn)”，各自闡明自己的立場和觀點，可接名詞或“疑問詞＋不定式”結構。(3)quarrel指尖銳的、氣憤的言語交鋒，意為“爭吵；吵架”。[題組訓練](1)用適當的介詞填空①TheystronglyarguegoingtherenextSunday.②ThekidsarearguingeachotherwhichTVprogrammetowatch.(2)用argue，debate，quarrel的正確形式填空①Hethemintocontinuingtheexperiment.②Theybitterlyonthisproblematthemeetinglastnight.③Thosechildrenarealwaysoverlittlethings.(3)單句改錯Thespeakerarguedthatmoreforeignerswereadmittedtothecountry.[聯想歸納]表示“說服某人做/不做某事”的短語還有：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(persuadesb.,talksb.))into/outofdoingsth.經典句式1．Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanshadanidea.在20世紀60年代，一群自行車迷們提出了一個想法。[歸納拓展]句中的inthe1960s意為“在20世紀60年代”。(1)表示在某個世紀的幾十年代，用“inthe＋年份(尾數為0)＋-s/-’s”。有時年份前還可加修飾語early/middle/late，意為“在某世紀某年代的早期/中期/晚期”。(2)“inone’s＋逢十的基數詞的復數”意為“在某人幾十多歲的時候”。[語境助記](1)Theliberalatmospherewasprevalentinthe1960s.自由的氣氛在20世紀60年代很普遍。(2)Shebecameahouseholdnameintheearly1980s.她在20世紀80年代早期成為家喻戶曉的人物。(3)Themandiedinanaccidentinhistwenties.那個人在二十多歲時死于一場事故。[題組訓練](1)完成句子①盡管他八十多歲了，身體卻很好。Though，heisblessedwithgoodhealth.②這條鐵路線在20世紀50年代就實現了電氣化。Therailwaylinewaselectrified.(2)單句改錯Hemadehisbestfilmintheseventies.2．Whereversomeonefinishedajourneytheywouldleavethebikethereforsomeoneelsetouse.不管人們在哪里結束行程，他們都將把自行車放在那里以便其他人使用。[歸納拓展](1)本句中wherever意為“無論到哪里”，引導讓步狀語從句。(2)nomatter＋疑問詞(where/when/how/what/who/which)只能引導讓步狀語從句，此時相當于疑問詞＋-ever；疑問代詞(what/who/which)＋-ever既可引導讓步狀語從句，也可引導名詞性從句，且引導名詞性從句時，疑問詞＋-ever比單獨用疑問詞的語氣強。[語境助記](1)Whereverhewent，thelively，easywayofhimmadehimwele.無論他走到哪兒，大家都喜歡他那副活潑隨和的樣子。(2)Whoevereswillbewele.不管誰來都受到歡迎。[題組訓練](1)用所給詞的正確形式填空①Youcansit(where)youlike.②Intheglobaleconomy，anewdrugforcancer，(where)itisdiscovered，willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.(2)句型轉換Whateveryousay，hewon’tbelieveyou.→yousay，hewon’tbelieveyou.(3)單句改錯Nomatterwhathardheworks，hecan’tgetpromoted.3．...thistimewithaputerchiptorecorditseverymove!……這次每輛自行車上都裝有電腦芯片來記錄它的每一次行程！[歸納拓展]“with復合結構”在句中多作狀語或定語，主要有以下七種具體形式：(1)with＋n./pron.＋形容詞(2)with＋n./pron.＋副詞(3)with＋n./pron.＋現在分詞(4)with＋n./pron.＋過去分詞(5)with＋n./pron.＋不定式(6)with＋n./pron.＋介詞短語[語境助記](1)Insummer，sheusuallysleepswiththewindowsopen.夏天，她通常開著窗子睡覺。(2)Helayonthegrasswithhiseyeslookingatthesky.他躺在草地上，兩眼望著天空。(3)Withhishaircut，helookedmuchyounger.理了頭發(fā)，他顯得年輕多了。[題組訓練](1)用所給動詞的正確形式填空①Themanagerwasveryworriedwithsomanyproblems(settle)．②Withsomanypeople(municate)inEnglisheveryday，itwillbeemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.③Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyes(fix)ontheceiling.(2)完成句子①他低著頭站在老師面前。Hestoodbeforehisteacher.②他頭枕著胳膊睡著了。Hewasasleep.(3)單句改錯Ican’tfocusmyattentiononmystudywiththeboysshouted.難句分析Theywerehopefulthatthiswouldhelptosaveenergy，reducepollutionandprovidefreepublictransport.句式分析：本句為主從復合句，that引導，從句中save，reduce和provide為三個的動詞，后兩個詞前面均省略了to。自主翻譯：Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Wearrivedalittleearlier.(因此)wecouldhavearestbeforewestartedourwork.2．Inbigcities，(停車場)placesforcarsaredifficulttofind.3．Ifwecould(插入)achipinourbrains，Ithink，wewouldbemuchmoreclever.4．I’m(抱有希望的)thattheywillagree.5．Thepolice(逮捕)themanwhowassuspectedofstealingamotorcar.6．Peoplegenerallyquarrelbecausetheycan’t(爭辯)．7．Weshallgetlotsofbfromreadinggoodbooks.8．Manybelievethatpovertyisadirect(結果)ofoverpopulation.9．Whenshewasshoppinginthesupermarket，atstoleherpurse.10．Somepatients(事實上)gotworseafterreceivingthetreatment.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(workout，thanksto，arguewith，haveashower，give...alift)11．She’llmebacktoBeijing.12．I’mnotgoingtoyou，butIthinkyou’rewrong.13．Nickrolledoutofbed，andgotdressed.14．Itwassupposedtobeasurprise，butyourbigmouthsheknowsallaboutitnow.15．Hewithweightstwiceaweek.Ⅲ.完成句子16．I(一直在訪問)somecitiesofChinathismonth.17．(隨著時間的流逝)，thetreesgrowtallerandtaller.18．(無論你在哪里)intheworld，keepintouchwithfamilymembers.19．Shakespearewas(不是音樂家而是作家)．20．ThenovelissetinShanghai(20世紀30年代)．Ⅳ.課文語法填空People21.(enjoy)thebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamforyears.Itisagoodcityforcycling22.itisflatandthereforeisconvenientforbikes.Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanshadanidea.Theybelievedthat23.wouldbebetterifcarsweren’tallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.Theypaintedhundredsofbicycleswhiteandplacedtheminlotsofneighbourhoodsforpeople24.(use)．Anyone25.(allow)totakethemandusethemforshortjourneys.26.(where)someonefinishedajourneytheywouldleavethebikethereforsomeoneelsetouse.Buttheproblemwas27.thievestookallthebicycleswithinweeks.Morethanthirtyyearslater，the“whitebike”isbackintown.Thenew“whitebike”isnot28.(actual)whitebutisanunusualdesign29.brightcolours.Nowthereisalready30.(little)trafficincentralAmsterdam.Indeed，thankstotheideasoflotsofpeople，likethecyclingfansinthe1960s，manypeoplearoundtheworldhavebeenenjoyingcitycentrestreetswithoutcarsformanyyears.

答案精析話題導入1．Becauseyellowcabsserveasaqu