PeriodFiveGrammar&Writing語法感知Ⅰ.課文原句感知1．Oneunfortunatecounteragent(deal)withallthepassengerswhenanangryman，who(queue)forsometime，pushedhiswaytothefront.2．Thisafternoon，Iwasinthetowncentre，whereI(do)someshopping.3．Oneafternoon，hundredsofunluckypassengerswho(expect)toboardaflighttoNewYorkweretoldit(cancel)．4．Hisarmsweresunburntbecausehe(sit)inthesunallday.5．So，afterhe(feel)depressedforoveramonth，hedecidedtogotothedoctor.6．Themannexttohimwaslookingathiswatchnervously，awoman(cough)badlyandababy(scream)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．(那男孩在這里站多久了)beforeyoucame?2．(他們已爭吵半小時(shí)了)whenIcalled.3．Bytheendoflastyear(他在這里學(xué)習(xí)兩年了)．4．Atlasthegottheletter(他一直期盼著的)．5．(他已在這里住了兩年了)beforeIcame.6．Mr.Black(正在寫另一部小說)．語法精析Ⅰ.過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“hadbeen＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。Hadtheybeenexpectingthenewsforsometime?他們期待這個(gè)消息有一段時(shí)間了吧？二、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1．過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)間之前開始，一直延續(xù)到另一過去時(shí)間。動(dòng)作是否繼續(xù)下去，要由上下文而定。與過去完成時(shí)一樣，過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)也必須以過去某一時(shí)間為前提。IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfoundit.這個(gè)東西，我找了很多天才找著。Thetelephonehadbeenringingforthreeminutesbeforeitwasanswered.電話鈴響了三分鐘才有人接。2．與過去完成時(shí)一樣，過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可后接具有“突然”意義的when從句(有些從句用一般過去時(shí))。Ihadonlybeenreadingafewminuteswhenhecamein.我剛看了幾分鐘書他就進(jìn)來了。Shehadonlybeenstudyingherlessonfortenminuteswhenherlittlesisterinterruptedher.她溫習(xí)功課不過十分鐘，她的小妹妹就把她打斷了。3．過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一樣，也可有一些特別的含義：(1)表示過去的“剛才，近來”發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Myhandsweredirty.I’dbeenpaintingthedoor.我的手很臟，我一直在漆門。(2)表示過去的重復(fù)動(dòng)作Hehadbeenaskingmethesamequestion.他一直在問我同一個(gè)問題。(3)表示某種感情色彩Whathadhebeendoing？(不耐煩)他一直在做什么？4．過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)的比較：Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice，sowehadtowaitoutside.她一直在打掃辦公室，所以我們不得不在外面等著。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行)Shehadcleanedtheoffice，soitwasverytidy.她已經(jīng)打掃過辦公室了，所以很整潔。(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)[題組訓(xùn)練1]用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空(1)Atlastthebuscame.I(wait)forhalfanhour.(2)Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.He(smoke)fortwentyyears.(3)WhenIfirstmether，she(work)inthepanyfortenyears.(4)Janewasannoyed.Peter(phone)hereverynight.(5)ThatwasjusttheletterI(expect)．Ⅱ.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和一般時(shí)態(tài)一、進(jìn)行時(shí)常常在以下幾種情況下使用：1．動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行，還沒有完成Thelittlegirlwashavinglunch.那個(gè)小女孩正在吃午飯。(正在吃的過程中)Thelittlegirlhadlunch.那個(gè)小女孩吃過午飯了。(飯吃完了)2．動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在某段時(shí)間內(nèi)的，而不是永久的Theywerelivingonthehillthesedays.這幾天他們住在山上。(僅在某段時(shí)間內(nèi))Theylivedonthehill.他們住在山上。(永久性的)3．動(dòng)作在較長的時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生進(jìn)行，而不是一次性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作She’sconstantlyplaining.她不停地抱怨。(反復(fù)地)Shealsoplained.她也抱怨。(一次)注意：1．表示心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ove，like，hate，know，understand，realize，remember，believe，want，hope，wish，need，agree等。Sheunderstandsyoubetternow.她現(xiàn)在更理解你了。2．表示屬性或擁有的動(dòng)詞不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞(短語)有have，own，possess，belongto，haveon，consistof等。ThisdictionarybelongstoPeter.這本字典是彼得的。3．表示感官的連系動(dòng)詞不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有seem，appear，look，sound，taste等。feel用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示一時(shí)的感覺。Themusicsoundsbeautiful.這首曲子聽起來很美。I’mnotfeelingwelltoday.我今天感覺不適。4．表示行為結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有accept，admit，receive，allow，decide，promise等。Iacceptyouradvice.我接受你的建議。二、一般時(shí)態(tài)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)長期性、穩(wěn)定性；而進(jìn)行時(shí)指一段時(shí)期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)性、不穩(wěn)定性。Asahighschoolstudent，Ioftengetupat6：00amandgotoschoolat6：30am.作為一名高中生，我經(jīng)常早上6點(diǎn)起床，6點(diǎn)半去上學(xué)。Theboyreadanovellastnight.昨晚這男孩讀了一本小說。Theboywasreadinganovellastnight.昨晚這男孩一直在讀一本小說。[題組訓(xùn)練2]用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空(1)Don’tgoinwhenthey(have)dinner.(2)Youarealways(say)I’mgrowingsofast.(3)I(cook)whenheknockedatthedoor.(4)Thesebooks(belong)toSarah—Imustgivethembacktoher.(5)Sheoften(e)tohelpuswhenshewashere.高考鏈接Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1．—Excuseme，whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We(wait)hereformorethantwohours.(2016·北京)2．Jack(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.(2016·北京)3．Dashan，who(learn)crosstalk，theChineseedictradition，fordecades，wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.(2016·江蘇)4．Silk(bee)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.(2016·浙江)5．Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe(teach)aclassatthattime.(2015·天津)6．Marty(work)reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.(2015·陜西)7．—WhereisPeter？Ican’tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand(write)hisessaythereeversince.(2015·福建)8．—IsPetering?—No，he(change)hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.(2015·重慶)9．Therealreasonwhyprices(be)，andstillare，toohighisplex，andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.(2015·江蘇)10．ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.(2015·全國Ⅰ)11．AlbertEinsteinwasbornin1879.Asachild，fewpeopleguessedthathe(be)afamousscientistwhosetheorieswouldchangetheworld.(2015·浙江)12．—Tony，whyareyoureyesred?—I(cut)uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.(2014·江西)Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.(2016·全國Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))2．Someclassmatessuggestwegotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.(2016·全國Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))3．AsItellyoulasttime，Imadethreenewfriendshere.(2015·四川，短文改錯(cuò))4．MysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—foralltheseyears—wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，短文改錯(cuò))5．AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryandpresentit.Myteachershavebeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.(2010·全國Ⅰ，短文改錯(cuò))寫作指導(dǎo)趣聞軼事屬于記敘文范疇。要遵循下面5個(gè)步驟：1．簡述故事的梗概——Introduction給出簡要的信息，說明在某時(shí)、某地你做了什么，遇到了什么人，在此之前發(fā)生了什么事情。2．故事的開始——Beginningofthenarrative描述這個(gè)帶有幽默性質(zhì)的故事是怎樣開始的。3．故事的發(fā)展——Developmentofthenarrative描寫下面發(fā)生的事情，即在哪些方面出了問題。4．故事進(jìn)一步走向高潮——Furtherdevelopmentofthenarrative又有了新的插曲，使得故事更具有幽默性。5．進(jìn)行總結(jié)——Conclusion故事的結(jié)尾寫你和你的同學(xué)是怎樣圓滿地把事情解決的。常用句式1．ThatwastheworstdayIhaveeverhadwhenIwasdoing...2．AsIwaswaitingforabus，ataxipassedbyandsplashedrainwateroverme...3．Whenwehurriedtothestation，therewasalongqueueandwehadtowaitforalongtime.Wegotdisgusted...4．Iwashavingaphototakenwhenmyclassmatefellintothewater.Luckily，atthemoment...5．Intheend，thekeepertookustotheofficeandwedriedoutJack’sclothes.6．Whenwefinallygothome，myparentssawusfunnyandweallburstoutlaughing.典題示例仔細(xì)觀察下面兩幅圖畫，寫一篇幽默故事，講述“我”在星期天發(fā)生的“污水代墨”的趣事，反映“污染嚴(yán)重”這一主題。注意：可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：墨汁ink；化工廠chemicalworks寫作步驟第一步明確要求認(rèn)真審題，確定體裁，這是一篇趣聞軼事，它屬于記敘文范疇。第二步確定段落Para.1介紹故事Para.2故事起因Para.3故事發(fā)展Para.4故事高潮Para.5故事結(jié)局第三步提煉要點(diǎn)1．正在做某事這時(shí)2．驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)3．對……評價(jià)好4．做某事有用5．對……感到滿意第四步擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句1．我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一文不值的特殊墨水，令人逗樂。(一般表達(dá))Ifoundspecialinkthatcostnothing.Itamusedme.(句式升級(jí)1)Ifoundspecialinkthatcostnothing.It.(amusedadj.)(句式升級(jí)2)Ifoundspecialinkthatcostnothing，.(非限制性定語從句)2．我在家做作業(yè)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)墨水用完了。(一般表達(dá))IwasdoingmyhomeworkathomewhenIfoundmyinkhadrunout.(句式升級(jí))IwasdoingmyhomeworkathomewhenI.(find＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))3．接著我就匆忙到商店去買墨水。(一般表達(dá))ThenIhurriedtoastoretobuyabottleofink.(句式升級(jí))ThenIhurriedtoastoreabottleofink.(介詞短語)4．在路上，我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)在河里有些黑色的水。(一般表達(dá))Ontheway，Iwasastonishedtofindsomeblackwaterintheriver.(句式升級(jí))Ontheway，Iwasastonishedtofindsomeblackwaterintheriver.(Therebe句型)5．我看到它從附近的化工廠流出來，化工廠總是傾瀉黑水到河里。(一般表達(dá))Isawitflowingfromthechemicalworksnearbyanditwasalwayspouringblackwaterintotheriver.(句式升級(jí))Isawitflowingfromthechemicalworksnearby，.(非限制性定語從句)第五步連句成篇

答案精析語法感知Ⅰ.1.wasdealing；hadbeenqueuing2.hadbeendoing3．hadbeenexpecting；hadbeencancelled4.hadbeensitting5.hadbeenfeeling6.wascoughing；wasscreamingⅡ.1.Howlonghadtheboybeenstandinghere2.Theyhadbeenquarrellingforhalfanhour3.hehadbeenstudyingherefortwoyears4.hehadbeenexpecting5.Hehadbeenlivingherefor2years6.iswritinganothernovel語法精析題組訓(xùn)練1(1)hadbeenwaiting(2)hadbeensmoking(3)hadbeenworking(4)hadbeenphoning(5)hadbeenexpecting題組訓(xùn)練2(1)arehaving(2)saying(3)wascooking(4)belong(5)came高考鏈接Ⅰ.1.havebeenwaiting2.wasworking3.hasbeenlearning4.hadbee5.willbeteaching6.hasbeenworking7.hasbeenwriting8.changed9.were10．a(chǎn)rrived11.wasgoingtobe12.havebeencuttingⅡ.1.Wecaneq\f(chose,choose)betweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.2．Someclassmatessuggestwegotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ieq\f(thought,think)thatitisagoodidea.3．AsIeq\f(tell,told)youlasttime，Imadethreenewfriendshere.4．MysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—foralltheseyears—weeq\f(had,have)beenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.5．AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryandpresentit.Myteacherseq\f(have,had)beentellingmehowgreat