19/21專題03非謂語動詞內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點聚焦：核心考點+中考考點，有的放矢重點速記：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強化：難點內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點聚動詞不定式1.動詞不定式的形式：to+動詞原形（有時可以省略to）；否定形式為“notto+動詞原形”。2.動詞不定式的句法功能功能用法例句作賓語一般只作某些動詞的賓語TheydecidedtovisittheGreatLakes.作賓語補足語位于賓語后，補充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)等。Theteacheraskedustoturnoffthelights.作狀語一般在句中作目的、結(jié)果、原因狀語Heopenedthedoorforhertocomein.（作目的狀語）Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.（作結(jié)果狀語）作主語常用it作形式主語，而將不定式后置TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.=ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.作表語常位于be動詞后Herjobistodothedishes.作定語常放在所修飾詞的后面作后置定語（如果是不及物動詞，則需加介詞）Ihavealotofbookstoread.Pleasegivemesomepapertowriteon.【拓展】特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)功能例句疑問詞+動詞不定式作主語WhentogotoBeijinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.作賓語Ihaven'tdecidedyetwhentoleave.作表語Thequestioniswheretofindwater.作賓語時，還可轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語從句。如：Canyoutellmewheretogetthescarf?=CanyoutellmewhereIcangetthescarf?3.常見可接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞（詞組）（v.+todosth.）afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起agree同意choose選擇continue繼續(xù)decide決定expect期望fail失敗forget忘記hope希望learn學(xué)習(xí)like喜歡manage設(shè)法need需要plan計劃prefer更喜歡prepare準(zhǔn)備promise承諾refuse拒絕wait等待want想要［2024.69］wouldlike想要4.常見接動詞不定式作賓補的動詞（v.+sb.todosth.）advise建議allow允許ask要求expect期望force強迫help幫助invite邀請teach教tell告訴want想要warn警告wish希望encourage鼓勵request要求order命令5.動詞不定式符號to的省略（1）在一些使役動詞和感官動詞之后，要把不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的to省略，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要把省略的to加上（let除外）。常用的有：一感：feel二聽：listento，hear三讓：let，have，make四看：watch，see，lookat，notice如：Theboy'sfunnyactionmadeeveryonelaugh.=Everyonewasmadetolaughbytheboy'sfunnyaction.（2）help后帶to不帶to均可。如：Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkids（to）learntoread.（3）當(dāng)兩個或多個作用相同的不定式并列時，通常只需在第一個不定式處用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果兩者有對比關(guān)系，則后面的不定式to不可省略。如：Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.（4）whynot…后省略to。如：WhynotgowithTom?（5）hadbetter…后省略to。如：We'dbetterrideasharedbikethere.6.不定式的常見句型（1）Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.對某人來說做某事是……/某人做某事真是……（2）Ittakes/tooksb.+一段時間+todosth.做某事花某人……時間。（3）It'stimetodosth.到做某事的時間了。（4）It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事。（5）prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事（6）too+adj.+todosth.太……而不能做某事（7）adj.+enoughtodosth.足夠……去做某事（8）It'sone'sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的義務(wù)。動名詞1.動名詞的形式：動詞原形+-ing；否定形式為“not+動詞原形+-ing”2.動名詞的句法功能功能用法例句作主語單個動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbadforyourhealth.作表語動名詞（短語）作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化為作主語Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.=Playingtheguitarismyhobby.作賓語作動詞的賓語，表示一般的習(xí)慣性行為或經(jīng)常性動作Mysisterenjoysrunningverymuch.作介詞的賓語I'mlookingforwardtoworkingouttheproblem.作定語位于所修飾詞之前，只表明所修飾詞的用途等Themeetingroomistoosmalltoholdthirtypeople.3.常接動名詞作賓語的動詞（詞組）（v.+doingsth.）分類示例動詞avoid避免 consider考慮 enjoy喜歡finish完成 imagine想象 keep堅持mind介意 practice練習(xí) suggest建議動詞詞組feellikedoingsth.想要做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事setoutdoingsth.著手/開始做某事bebusy（in）doingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事beinterestedindoingsth.對做某事感興趣can't/couldn'tstanddoingsth.不能忍受做某事can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事havefun/troublewith/difficulty（in）doingsth.做某事有樂趣/有麻煩/有困難lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事【拓展】既可接不定式又可接動名詞的動詞rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）remembertodosth.記得去做某事（未做）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事（已做）forgettodosth.忘記要做某事（未做）stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下來去做另外一件事needdoingsth.某事需要被做（被動含義）needtodosth.需要做某事（主動含義）trydoingsth.嘗試做某事trytodosth.盡力做某事regretdoingsth.對做過的事感到后悔（已做）regrettodosth.對要做的事感到遺憾（未做）meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打算/想要做某事分詞（課標(biāo)僅作理解要求）1.分詞的形式（1）現(xiàn)在分詞：v.-ing，表示動作正在發(fā)生，有主動、進(jìn)行之意；（2）過去分詞：v.-ed，表示動作已經(jīng)完成，有被動、完成之意。2.分詞的用法分詞在句中可起形容詞或副詞的作用，作表語、定語、狀語或賓語補足語，也可構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行或完成時態(tài)和語態(tài)。（1）作表語：ThefilmwassomovingthatIwasdeeplymoved.（2）作定語：ThebookwrittenbyMr.Wangisveryinteresting.（3）作狀語，可表示時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步等。如：Laughingandtalking,thekidswentintotheroom.（表伴隨）（4）作賓語補足語：Weallwanttheproblemtobesolved.1．Yesterdayafternoon,theoldmanwarnedsomenaughtyboys________footballnearthebusystreet.A．notplay B．nottoplay C．notplaying D．don’tplay2．—Children’sDayiscoming.Ihaven’tdecide________forlittleson.—Perhapsamodelplaneisaperfectpresent.It’shisfavourite.A．whattobuy B．wheretobuy C．whentobuy D．howtobuy3．AItechnologieshavefoundtheirwaysintoourdailylives,soit’snecessaryforus________themwell.A．tolearn B．learning C．learn D．learned4．Ittookthemedicalteamtwoweeks________therightwaytocurethepatient.A．findout B．tofindout C．findingout D．foundout5．TheInternetmakes________possibleforpeople________differentkindsofthingswithoutgoingoutoftheirhomes.A．it;buying B．that;tobuy C．it;tobuy D．that;buying6．Myfatherpromised________metolistentoGoubuliStuffedBun,afamousplayofTianjinKuaiban.A．take B．takes C．taking D．totake7．Ms.Miller,wehaveworkedforhours,shallwestop________arest?A．have B．tohave C．having D．tohaving8．Thenotewithnamesofhisfriendsappeared________alistofallthemoneyhehadlost.A．be B．tobe C．being D．tobeing9．Peoplehavefoundsomenewways________ourenvironment.A．protected B．protect C．toprotect D．protects10．Yoursonjusthasacold,Madam.Thereisnothing________.A．worried B．toworry C．toworryabout D．tobeworried11．Accordingtorules,peoplearen’tallowed________inpublic,suchasschools,hospitalsandsoon.A．smoking B．smoke C．tosmoke D．smoked12．Theteacherwarnedus________onlinestrangers.A．nottrust B．don’ttrust C．nottotrust D．tonottrust13．Ourheadmasterwillinviteanexpert________usaspeechonspacetechnology.A．give B．given C．giving D．togive14．Myteacheroftenencouragesus________moreontheplaygroundafterclass.A．toexercise B．exercises C．exercising D．exercised15．Somepeopleliketocollectthings________somethingimportantintheirlives.A．remember B．remembers C．remembered D．toremember16．Don’tworry.Wewilldoanythingwecan________you.A．help B．behelped C．willhelp D．tohelp17．JackhasdecidedtovisitChinanextmonth________moreaboutChinesetraditionalculture.A．learning B．tolearn C．learned D．learn18．Thelittlegirlisafraid________outatnight.A．go B．going C．togo D．went19．Thelittlegirlwastoofrightened_______aword.A．nottotell B．nottosay C．totell D．tosay20．Ifyouwanttostayfocused,youshouldavoid________yourphonefromtimetotime.A．check B．checked C．checking D．tocheck21．ThebookswrittenbyLuXunareworth________.A．read B．reads C．toread D．reading22．—Doesthismanlookfamiliar(熟悉的)toyou,Madam?—Ah,yes!Iremember________himintheneighborhoodyesterdayafternoon.A．see B．saw C．seeing D．tosee23．Despite(盡管)thechallengeswefaced,ourgroupcontinued________hardandfinallyachievedourgoal.A．working B．toworking C．work D．works24．Tomakehersonindependent,Judyisconsidering________himtoasummercamp.A．sent B．sending C．tosend D．sent25．Listen!Canyouhearsomeone________inthenextroom?A．sing B．singing C．tosing D．sings26．Thetwinsspentthewholeafternoon________themodelplane.A．tomake B．making C．made D．makes27．Thebook________byHanHanisverypopularamongteenagers.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．written28．Thisnovel________byMoYanwontheNobelPrizein2012.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．written29．Ioftenhearthelittlegirl________thepianointhenextroom.A．practisingplaying B．practisetoplayC．practiseplaying D．practiseplay30．—Haveyoutalkedbacktoyourmotherbefore?—Yes.ButnowIrealizeIwaswrong.Ireallyregret________thatsillythingtomymom.A．doing B．todo C．did D．does真題感知1．（2024·四川·中考真題）—Whatareyougoingtodothissummervacation?—Iplan________mycousininHangzhou.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited2．（2024·四川瀘州·中考真題）______healthy,westudentsalwaysdomorningexerciseseverydayatschool.A．Keep B．TokeepC．Keeping D．Keeps3．（2024·云南·中考真題）Ourheadmasterwillinviteascientist________usaspeechonspacetechnology.A．give B．given

C．giving D．togive4．（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）DuringtheholidayoftheDragonBoatFestival,manypeoplegatherinMochouLakePark________thedragonboatrace.A．watch B．towatch C．watches D．watched5．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes.________thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A．Tocatch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches6．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）________thequalityofPEclasses,someschoolsputsmarttechnologyintouse.A．Improving B．Toimprove C．Improve D．Improved7．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．starting C．started D．start8．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）IhavedecidedtogotoBeijingand________oneofmyoldfriendsthere.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit9．（2023·吉林長春·中考真題）Weexpecttheworld_______Chinabetterafterthe19thAsianGamesinHangzhou.A．understanding B．tounderstand C．understood D．understand10．（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Scienceismyfavouritesubject,soIhaveprepared________theSTEAMClub.A．join B．joining C．tojoin D．tojoining11．（2023·天津·中考真題）Davidlearnt________whenhewasfive.A．swim B．swims C．swam D．toswim12．（2023·云南·中考真題）TodayisFather’sDay,andIplan________adinnerformyfather.A．toprepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare13．（2023·四川瀘州·中考真題）—Whatareyougoingtodothissummervacation?—Iplan________HuaHua,anearly3-year-oldlovelypandainChengdu.A．see B．saw C．seeing D．tosee14．（2022·江蘇南京·中考真題）—Ihavelesshomeworkthanbefore.—Metoo.Nowwehaveenoughtime________books.A．read B．reads C．toread D．reading15．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Betty,I’mnotgoodatEnglish.Couldyouhelpmeplease?—Sure.I’lldowhatIcan________youimproveyourEnglish.A．tohelp B．help C．helping D．helps16．（2022·西藏·中考真題）It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A．tohave B．have C．having D．has17．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）Whethersportsmen,sportswomenorvolunteers,peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth________theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.A．make B．making C．made D．tomake18．（2022·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）TheInternetenablesfarmers_______fruitsandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A．sell B．selling C．tosell D．sold19．（2022·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．toexplore20．（2022·江蘇南通·中考真題）Weshouldhaveahealthydiet,properexerciseandenoughsleep________fit.A．keeping B．tokeep C．keep D．kept21．（2022·吉林長春·中考真題）________heavytraffic,pleasegetupandsetoutearly.A．Toavoid B．Avoid C．Avoiding D．Avoided22．（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Ifeachofusmakesefforts_______somethingmeaningful,oursocietywillbecomebetterandbetter.A．tolose B．tobelost C．todo D．tobedone23．（2022·遼寧大連·中考真題）Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A．work B．works C．working D．towork24．（2022·廣西玉林·中考真題）—Safetycomesfirst!Everyoneshouldstopthekidsfrom________inthelakeorriver.—Lifeisvaluable.Kidsmustremember________theschoolrules.A．swim;tofollow B．swim;followingC．swimming;following D．swimming;tofollow25．（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Thehighschoolinvitedafamousscientist_______atalkonWorldEarthDay.A．giving B．togive C．give D．given提升專練1．It’spolite______“thankyou”veryoften,eventofamilymembers.A．say B．tosay C．saying D．said2．Ifinditdifficult________whathesaysashenevertellsmethetruth.A．believe B．tobelieve C．believed D．believing3．Mydreamis________anengineerin10years’time.A．become B．tobecome C．becomes D．became4．Teachersaregreat.Theycanseeinoureyesthatwearethirstyforknowledge.Theytellusknowledgewillgiveuswings______.A．fly B．flies C．tofly D．flying5．Amyhasnopens________.Sheneedstobuysome.A．towrite B．writing C．towritewith D．writingwith6．Thepandaallowspeople________closetotheminthenaturalreserve.A．toget B．got C．gets D．getting7．Mymumremindedme________anumbrellawhenIlefthomethismorning.A．take B．taking C．totake D．took8．Nextyear,SallywillvisittheAmazonRainforest________photosoftheinterestingplantsandanimalsthere.A．take B．taken C．totake D．taking9．Jackwilljoinasummercampshe’slookingforwardto_______differentkindsofabilities,A．develop B．develops C．developing D．todevelop10．ChinaandtheEuropeanUnionwillworktogether________theSMILEsatelliteintospaceinorde