Blindplateextractionandblockingoperation主講教師：馬志剛Lecturer:MaZhigang石油化工安全技術(shù)Petrochemicalsafetytechnology抽堵盲板作業(yè)LiaoningPetrochemicalCollege目錄CONTENTS盲板的設(shè)置一Settingofblinds盲板的選用二Selectionofblinds《盲板抽堵安全作業(yè)證》的管理三Managementof《BlindPluggingSafetyOperationCertificate》目錄CONTENTS盲板抽堵作業(yè)安全要求四Safetyrequirementsforblindpluggingoperations任務(wù)實(shí)施五Taskimplementation將生產(chǎn)介質(zhì)完全分離。防止由于切斷閥關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)，影響生產(chǎn)，甚至造成事故。盲板BlindsCompleteseparationoftheproductionmedium.Preventtheshut-offvalvefrombeingclosedtightly,affecting

production,andevencausingaccidents.從盲板抽堵作業(yè)的定義入手Startwiththedefinitionof

blindpluggingoperations剖析作業(yè)中的典型危害Analyzetypicalhazardsinthework講述主要安全措施Describethemainsecuritymeasures明確相關(guān)方職責(zé)Clarifytheresponsibilitiesofinterestedparties細(xì)解作業(yè)流程各個(gè)步驟Detailedunderstandingofeachstepoftheworkprocess認(rèn)識(shí)作業(yè)危險(xiǎn)Recognizethehazardsof

work熟悉操作流程Familiarwiththeoperation

process掌握崗位職責(zé)Masterjob

responsibilities有助于Helpful減少生產(chǎn)安全事故發(fā)生可能性Reducethelikelihoodof

productionsafetyaccidents提高化工生產(chǎn)單位安全水平Improvethesafetylevelof

chemicalproduction

units繪制盲板圖Drawablind

chart抽堵盲板由項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人負(fù)責(zé)Thepluggingblindistheresponsibilityof

theprojectleader編號(hào)、登記、落實(shí)到人Numbered,redistered,implementedtothe

person盲板Blinds材質(zhì)Material厚度Thickness應(yīng)符合安全技術(shù)規(guī)范要求Itshouldmeettherequirements

of

safetytechnicalspecifications抽加盲板應(yīng)在系統(tǒng)卸壓后保持正壓時(shí)進(jìn)行Theextractionblindshouldbeperformedwhile

maintainingpositivepressureafterthesystemis

relieved掛盲板標(biāo)志牌Hangblindsigns檢修人員Overhaulpersonnel配備適當(dāng)?shù)姆蓝久婢吆蜏缁鹌鞑腅quippedwithappropriategasmasksandfireextinguishingequipment1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset1原始開車準(zhǔn)備階段，在進(jìn)行管道的強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)或嚴(yán)密性試驗(yàn)時(shí)：Intheoriginalstart-uppreparationstage,whenconductingastrengthtestortightness

testofthepipeline:不能和所相連的設(shè)備同時(shí)進(jìn)行的情況下Whenitcannotbecarriedoutat

thesametimeastheconnected

device需在設(shè)備與管道的連接處設(shè)置盲板Blindsneedtobesetattheconnectionbetweentheequipmentandthepipe當(dāng)裝置停車時(shí)Whenthedeviceis

stopped若該管道仍在運(yùn)行之中Ifthepipelineisstill

running在切斷閥處設(shè)置盲板Setablindplateattheshut-off

valve1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset2界區(qū)外連接到界區(qū)內(nèi)的各種工藝物料管道Pipelinesoutsidetheboundaryareathatareconnectedtovariousprocess

materialswithinthepoundaryarea從界區(qū)外來的總管道分為若干分管道進(jìn)入每一系列Themainpipelinefromoutsidetheboundaryareais

dividedintoseveralsub-pipesintoeachseries裝置為多系列時(shí)Whenthedeviceis

multi-series在各分管道的切斷閥處設(shè)置盲板Ablindplateissetattheshut-offvalveofeach

sub-pipeline1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset3裝置要定期維修、檢查或互相切換時(shí)，所涉及到的設(shè)備需完全隔離時(shí)：Whenthedevicesaretobeperiodicallyserviced,inspectedorswitchedtoeachother,the

equipmentinvolvedneedstobecompletelyisolated:在切斷閥處設(shè)置盲板Setablindplateattheshut-off

valve1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset4充壓管道、置換氣管道（如氮?dú)夤艿?、壓縮空氣管道）工藝管道與設(shè)備相連時(shí)，在切斷閥處設(shè)置盲板。Whentheprocesspipelineofthepressurefillingpipelineandthereplacementgas

pipeline(suchasnitrogenpipelineandcompressedairpipeline)isconnectedtothe

equipment,ablindplateissetattheshut-offvalve.1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset5若工藝介質(zhì)需集中到統(tǒng)一的收集系統(tǒng)，在切斷閥后設(shè)置盲板。Iftheprocessmediumneedstobecentralizedinaunifiedcollectionsystem,ablindplateis

setbehindthe

shut-offvalve.設(shè)備、管道的低點(diǎn)排凈Thelowpointofequipmentandpipelinesisdrained1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset6設(shè)備和管道的排氣管、排液管、取樣管在閥后應(yīng)設(shè)置盲板或絲堵。Theexhaustpipe,liquiddischargepipeandsamplingpipeoftheequipmentandpipeline

shouldbeequippedwithblindplatesorwireplugsbehindthevalve.物料Materia除外Except無毒Non-toxic無危害健康Noharmtohealth非爆炸危險(xiǎn)Non-explosive

nazard1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset7裝置分期建設(shè)時(shí)，有互相聯(lián)系的管道在切斷閥處設(shè)置盲板：Whentheinstallationisbuiltinstages,thereareinterconnectedpipeswith

blindsattheshut-offvalve:以便后續(xù)工程施工Forsubsequentengineeringconstruction1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset8裝置正常生產(chǎn)時(shí)Whenthedeviceisinnormalproduction需完全切斷的一些輔助管道，一般也應(yīng)設(shè)置盲板。Someauxiliarypipelinesthatneedtobecompletelycutoffshould

generallyalsobesetwithblinds.其他工藝要求需設(shè)置盲板的場合。Otheroccasionswhereblindplatesarerequiredfor

otherprocessrequirements.1需要設(shè)置盲板的部位

Thepartwheretheblindplateneedstobeset910盲板在PI圖上表示的圖形，按照行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《管道儀表流程圖管道和管件的圖形符號(hào)》。ThegarphicrepresentedbytheblingplateonthePdiagram,inaccordancewiththeindustrystandard《Graphicsymbolsforpipesandfittingsforpipelineinstrumentationfloediagrams》.裝置為多系列產(chǎn)生式，盲板設(shè)置。Whenthedeviceisproducedformultipleseries,blingplateseeting.盲板的圖形符號(hào)Graphicsymbolforblinds裝置多為系列生產(chǎn)時(shí)的盲板設(shè)置Mostofthedecvicesaresetupwithblindplatesduringseriesproduction正常關(guān)閉正常開啟界區(qū)外界區(qū)內(nèi)系列Ⅱ系列Ⅰ裝置為多系列裝置分期建設(shè)Theplantwasbuiltinphases充壓或置換管線Chargeorreplacetheline充壓管線、置換管線的盲板設(shè)置。Blindsettingofcharginglinesandreplacementlines.裝置分期建設(shè)時(shí)，盲板設(shè)置。Whenthedeviceisbuiltinstages,theblindplateis

set.充壓或置換管線工藝管道設(shè)備管道低點(diǎn)排凈的盲板設(shè)置Blindsettingforequipmentpipedrainageatlowpoints設(shè)備排凈導(dǎo)淋、排凈收集總管管道排凈工藝管道盲板Blinds材質(zhì)Material厚度Thickness相適應(yīng)Adapt介質(zhì)Medium性質(zhì)Properties壓力Pressure溫度Temperature嚴(yán)禁用石棉板或白鐵皮代替盲板Itisstrictlyforbiddentoreplacetheblindboardwith

aspestospoardorwhiteironsheet平整Flat光滑Smooth盲板Blinds制作盲板Makeblinds20號(hào)鋼20gaugesteel16MnR鑄鐵、鑄鋼材質(zhì)Castiron,caststeel禁止使用Prohibited

Use經(jīng)檢查無裂紋和孔洞，高壓盲板應(yīng)經(jīng)探傷合格。Afterinspection,therearenocracksandholes,andthehigh-pressureblindplate

shouldbequalifiedpyflawdetection.管線中介質(zhì)已經(jīng)放空或介質(zhì)壓力≤2.5MPa時(shí)Whenthemediuminthepipelinehasbeenemptiedorthemediumpressure≤2.5MPa可以使用光滑面盲板，厚度不應(yīng)小于管壁的厚度。Asmoothfaceblindplatecanbeused,andthethicknessshouldnotbelessthanthethicknessof

thetubewall.應(yīng)委托設(shè)計(jì)單位進(jìn)行核算后選取Thedesignunitshouldbeentrustedtocarryouttheaccountingandselection凹凸面盲板Concaveandconvex槽型盲板Slotblinds8字盲板Figure-8blinds管線中介質(zhì)已經(jīng)放空或介質(zhì)壓力>2.5MPa時(shí)Whenthemediuminthepipelinehasbeenemptiedorthemediumpressure≤2.5MPa或者需要其他形式的盲板Orotherformsofblindingareneeded便于Facilitate盲板應(yīng)有手柄Theblindshouldhaveahandle安裝Install拆卸Remove加掛盲板標(biāo)識(shí)牌Attachblindsigns盲板的直徑應(yīng)大于或等于法蘭密封面直徑Thediameteroftheblindplateshouldbegreaterthanoregualtothediameteroftheflangesealingsurface應(yīng)按管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)性質(zhì)、壓力、溫度選用合適的材料制作盲板墊片。Blindgasketsshouldbemadeofsuitablematerialsaccordingtothenature,pressureand

temperatureofthemediuminthepipeline.《作業(yè)證》由生產(chǎn)車間（分廠）辦理。The《WorkCertificate》ishandledbytheproductionworkshop(branch).1盲板抽堵作業(yè)宜實(shí)行一塊盲板一張作業(yè)證的管理方式。Theblindboardpluggingoperationshouldimplementthemanagementmethodofoneblindboardandoneoperationeertificate.2變更盲板位置或增減盲板數(shù)量時(shí)Whenchangingthepositionoftheblindor

increasingordecreasingthenumberofblinds嚴(yán)禁隨意涂改、轉(zhuǎn)借《作業(yè)證》。Itisstrictlyforbiddentoarbitrarilyalterorborrowthe《WorkCertificate》.應(yīng)重新辦理《作業(yè)證》The《WorkCertificate》shouldbere-issued3《作業(yè)證》《WorkCertificate》由生產(chǎn)車間（分廠）負(fù)責(zé)填寫Theproductionworkshop(branch)isresponsibleforfillingin盲板抽堵作業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人確認(rèn)Thepersoninchargeoftheblindpluggingoperationunitconfirms單位生產(chǎn)部門審批Approvalbytheproductiondepartmentoftheunit4經(jīng)審批的《作業(yè)證》一式兩份

Theapproved《WorkCertificate》shallbemadein

duplicate盲板抽堵作業(yè)單位Blindpluggingoperation

unit生產(chǎn)車間（分廠）Productionworkshop(branch)負(fù)責(zé)存檔Responsibleforarchiving《作業(yè)證》保存期限至少為1年Theretentionperiodofthe《WorkCertificate》isatleast1year5盲板抽堵作業(yè)實(shí)施作業(yè)證管理Blindplatepluggingoperationimplementsoperationcertificatemanagement作業(yè)前應(yīng)辦理Itshouldbedonebeforetheoperation《盲板抽堵安全作業(yè)證》《BlindPluggingSafetyOperationCertificate》考核合格Passtheassessment12安全教育和專門的安全培訓(xùn)Safetyeducationandspecializedsafetytraining盲板抽堵作業(yè)人員Blindplatepluggingoperators生產(chǎn)車間Productionworkshop預(yù)先繪制盲板位置圖Pre-drawblindlocationmaps對(duì)盲板進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一編號(hào)，并設(shè)專人負(fù)責(zé)。Uniformnumberingofblindboardsandaspecial

personissetuptoberesponsible.盲板抽堵作業(yè)單位應(yīng)按圖作業(yè)。Theblindplatepluggingoperationunitshouldoperateaccordingtothedrawing.3作業(yè)人員應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)場作業(yè)環(huán)境進(jìn)行有害因素辨識(shí)Operatorsshouldidentifyharmfulfactorsintheon-siteworkingenvironment制定相應(yīng)的安全措施Developappropriatesecuritymeasures盲板抽堵作業(yè)應(yīng)設(shè)專人監(jiān)護(hù)Blindpluggingoperationshouldbesupervisedbyaspecial

person監(jiān)護(hù)人不得離開作業(yè)現(xiàn)場Guardiansarenotallowedtoleavethejopsite45場所進(jìn)行盲板抽堵作業(yè)Theplacecarriesoutblindplatepluggingoperation作業(yè)復(fù)雜Theworkiscomplex危險(xiǎn)性大Dangerous制定應(yīng)急預(yù)案Developacontingencyplan在有毒介質(zhì)的管道、設(shè)備上進(jìn)行盲板抽堵作業(yè)時(shí)：Whenblindpluggingoperationsarecarriedoutonpipelinesandequipmentwithtoxicmedia:系統(tǒng)壓力應(yīng)降到盡可能低的程度Thesystempressureshouldbereduced

to

thelowestpossiblelevel作業(yè)人員應(yīng)穿戴適合的防護(hù)用具Workersshouldwearsuitableprotectiveequipment67距作業(yè)地點(diǎn)30m內(nèi)不得有動(dòng)火作業(yè)；Thereshallbenohotworkwithin30mfromtheoperationsite.工作照明應(yīng)使用防爆燈具；Explosion-prooflampsshouldbeusedforworklighting.在易燃易爆場所進(jìn)行盲板抽堵作業(yè)時(shí)，作業(yè)人員應(yīng)穿防靜電工作服安全鞋；Whenblindpluggingoperationsarecarriedoutin

flammableandexplosiveplaces,operatorsshould

wearanti-staticworkclothesandsafetyshoes.8作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)使用防爆工具，禁止用鐵器敲打管線、法蘭等。IExplosion-prooftoolsshouldbeusedduring

operation,anditisforbiddentouseirontoknock

pipelines,flanges,etc.在強(qiáng)腐蝕性介質(zhì)的管道、設(shè)備上進(jìn)行抽堵盲板作業(yè)時(shí)。

Whenpluggingblindplateoperationonpipelinesandequipmentwithhighlycorrosive

media.作業(yè)人員應(yīng)采取防止酸堿灼傷的措施Operatorsshouldtakemeasurestopreventacidandalkaliburns9在介質(zhì)溫度較高、可能對(duì)作業(yè)人員造成燙傷的情況下。Inthecaseofhighmediatemperature,whichmaycausescaldingtotheoperator.作業(yè)人員應(yīng)采取防燙措施Operatorsshouldtakeanti-scaldingmeasures10高處盲板抽堵作業(yè)應(yīng)按相關(guān)高處作業(yè)安全規(guī)范的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。Theblindpluggingoperationatheightshouldbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththe

relevantsafety

specificationsforworkingatheight.不得在同一管道上同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩處及兩處以上的盲板抽堵作業(yè)。Twoormoreblindpluggingoperationsshallnotbecarriedoutatthesametimeonthe

samepipeline.1112抽堵盲板時(shí)Whenpluggingtheblind應(yīng)按盲板位置圖及盲板編號(hào)Theblindpositionmapandblindnumbershould

be

followed由生產(chǎn)車間設(shè)專人統(tǒng)一指揮作業(yè)，逐一確認(rèn)并做好記錄。Theproductionworkshopsetsupaspecialpersonto

commandtheoperationinaunifiedmanner,confirm

andrecorditonepyone.13每個(gè)盲板應(yīng)設(shè)標(biāo)牌進(jìn)行標(biāo)識(shí)Eachblindboardshouldbemarkedbyasignage標(biāo)牌編號(hào)應(yīng)與盲板位置圖上的盲板編號(hào)一致Thesignagenumbershouldmatchtheblindnumberontheblindlocationmap盲板抽堵作業(yè)單位、生產(chǎn)車間專人共同確認(rèn)Theblindplatepluggingoperationunitandthe

productionworkshoparejointlyconfirmed作業(yè)結(jié)束Theworkends1415管道、設(shè)備內(nèi)介質(zhì)特性及走向Characteristicsanddirectionofmediainpipelinesandequipment1生產(chǎn)車間（分廠）負(fù)責(zé)人

Thepersoninchargeoftheproductionworkshop(branch)1了解understana制定、落實(shí)盲板抽堵安全措施Formulateandimplementblindpluggingsafetymeasures安排監(jiān)護(hù)人Arrangeforaguardian向作業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人或作業(yè)人員交代作業(yè)安全注意事項(xiàng)Explainthesafetyprecautionstothepersoninchargeoftheoperationunitortheoperator3生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)如有緊急或異常情況lfthereisanemergencyorabnormalsituationin

theproductionsystem立即通知停止盲板抽堵作業(yè)Immediatelynotifythestopofblindpluggingoperations作業(yè)完成后，應(yīng)組織檢查盲板抽堵情況。Afterthecompletionoftheoperation,theblind

pluggingsituationshouldbeorganizedandchecked.1生產(chǎn)車間(分廠)負(fù)責(zé)人

Thepersoninchargeoftheproductionworkshop(branch)2負(fù)責(zé)盲板抽堵作業(yè)現(xiàn)場的監(jiān)護(hù)與檢查Responsibleforthemonitoringandinspectionoftheblind

pluggingoperationsite發(fā)現(xiàn)異常情況Discoveranomalies立即通知作業(yè)人員停止作業(yè)ImmediatelynotifytheworkertostoptheworkContactrelevantpersonnelintimetotakemeasures及時(shí)聯(lián)系有關(guān)人員采取措施2監(jiān)護(hù)人

Guardian1應(yīng)堅(jiān)守崗位，不得脫崗；Shouldsticktothepostandnotleavethepost.在盲板抽堵作業(yè)期間，不得兼做其它工作。Duringtheblindpluggingoperation,itisnotallowed

todootherworkatthesametime.2監(jiān)護(hù)人

Guardian2當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)盲板抽堵作業(yè)人違章作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)立即制止Whenitisfoundthattheblindboardpluggingoperatoris

operatingillegally,itshouldbestoppedimmediately要會(huì)同作業(yè)人員檢查、清理現(xiàn)場Itisnecessarytoworkwiththeoperatorstoinspectandcleanupthesite確認(rèn)無誤后方可離開現(xiàn)場Leavethesceneonlyafterconfirmingthatitiscorrect作業(yè)完成后Theworkiscomplete2監(jiān)護(hù)人

Guardian34確認(rèn)作業(yè)安全措施Confirmworksafetymeasures向作業(yè)人員交代作業(yè)任務(wù)和安全注意事項(xiàng)Explainworktasksandsafetyprecautionstooperators了解Understand作業(yè)內(nèi)容Workcontent現(xiàn)場情況On-siteconditions3作業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人

Thepersoninchargeoftheworkunit1各項(xiàng)安全措施落實(shí)后Aftertheimplementationofvarioussecuritymeasures可安排人員進(jìn)行盲板抽堵作業(yè)Personnelcanbearrangedtocarryoutblindplugging

operations3作業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人

Thepersoninchargeoftheworkunit２作業(yè)前應(yīng)了解作業(yè)Youshouldknowabouttheworkbeforeyoudoit地點(diǎn)Location時(shí)間Time要求Requirements內(nèi)容Content熟知Knowverywell作業(yè)中的危害因素Hazardsintheoperation應(yīng)采取的安全措施Securitymeasurestobetaken4作業(yè)人

Worker１要逐項(xiàng)確認(rèn)相關(guān)安全措施的落實(shí)情況Itisnecessarytoconfirmtheimplementationofrelevantsecuritym