試題試題2024北京清華附中高三3月月考英語本試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABeyondtheclassroom,theUSprovidesvariousjobopportunitiesthatallowstudentstogainpracticalexperience,earnincomeandenhancetheirskillsets.HerearesomeofthediverseemploymentavenuesavailableforinternationalstudentswhileattendinguniversityintheUS.On-campusemploymentManyUSuniversitiesofferon-campusemploymentopportunitiesforinternationalstudents,providingaconvenientandaccessiblewaytoearnincomewhilepursuingtheirstudies.Thesepositionsmayincluderolesinlibraries,administrativeoffices,studentcenters,orevenresearchassistantshipswithinacademicdepartments.On-campusemploymentistypicallylimitedto20hoursperweekduringtheacademicyear,allowingstudentstobalanceworkandstudycommitments.Off-campusemploymentOff-campusemploymentopportunitiesarealsoavailable,althoughwithcertainrestrictions.Thetwoprimarycategoriesofoff-campusemploymentareoptionalpracticaltraining(OPT)andcurricularpracticaltraining(CPT).OPTallowsstudentstoworkintheirfieldofstudyforupto12months(or24monthsforSTEMfields)aftergraduation,providingvaluablereal-worldexperience.CPT,ontheotherhand,permitsstudentstoengageinpracticaltrainingdirectlyrelatedtotheiracademicprogramwhilestillattendingtheiruniversity.InternshipsandcooperativeprogramsManyUSuniversitieshaverobustinternshipandcooperativeeducationprogramsthatconnectstudentswithindustrypartners.Theseprogramsofferinternationalstudentsthechancetoapplyclassroomknowledgeinprofessionalsettings,fosteringskilldevelopmentandindustryconnections.Internships,whetherpaidorunpaid,arevaluablesteppingstonesthatoftenleadtofull-timeemploymentopportunitiesaftergraduation.ResearchassistantshipsForstudentspursuingadvanceddegrees,researchassistantshipsprovideauniqueopportunitytoworkcloselywithfacultyoncutting-edgeresearchprojects.Thesepositionsnotonlycontributetoacademicandprofessionalgrowthbutalsoofferfinancialbacking.Researchassistantshipscanbefoundinvariousdisciplines,includingscience,engineering,socialsciencesandhumanities.1.WhatsetsOn-campusemploymentapartfromotherjobopportunities?A.Itisavailablebeforegraduation.B.Itsworktimeisnomorethan20hourseveryweek.C.Itcanhelpstudentsearnmoneyandpursuetheirstudies.D.Itprovidescutting-edgeresearchprojects.2.Whichofthefollowingcanpavethewayforstudents’full-timeemployment?A.On-campusemployment. B.Off-campusemployment.C.Internships. D.Cooperativeprograms.3.WhatcanResearchassistantshipsprovideforinternationalstudents?A.Auniversitydegree. B.Industryconnection.C.Real-worldexperience. D.Financialsupport.BEvennow,Ihavevividmemoriesofmylastdayofhighschool.Inmymind’seye,I’mcleaningoutmylocker,andthenstaringattheemptinessforafewextrabeatsbeforeslammingitshutforthelasttime.I’mroamingthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.I’msittingonmydesk,swingingmyfeet,andshootingthebreeze(閑聊)withmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Carr,inawaythatmakesmefeelalmostgrownup.Itwasmaybemyfavoritedayofthewholeyear.Likethefinallayerofwatercolor,thefreedomandlightnessIfeelseeps(滲透)intotherestofmymemoriesofthatdayandturnsthemjustashaderosier.Iftheschoolyearhasn’tyetendedforyou,considerwhatyoucandotomakethefinalecount.Why?Becausewhenitcomestohumanmemory,notallmomentsarecreatedequal.Instead,ourrememberedexperiencesaredisproportionately(不成比例地)influencedbypeaks(thebestmomentsaswellastheworst)andendings(thelastmoments).NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhateverstrife(沖突)andstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺臥式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorchestrate(精心安排)endings.AsSeattleSeahawkscoachPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph1mean?A.Calmly. B.Surprisingly.C.Happily. D.Curiously.5.Whichstatementistrueaboutthepeak-endrule?A.Peaksinlifecanberememberedbetterthanendings.B.Thelastmomentsmatterthemostinourmemories.C.Ourjudgmentofthepastisdeterminedbyfirstimpressions.D.Thepeaksandendsofexperiencesareeasiertoremember.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howtheauthorappliedtheruletodailylife.B.Howtheauthortreatedherdaughters.C.Whatstrugglestheauthorhadinlife.D.Whytheauthorreadstoriestoherkids.7.WhyisPeteCarrollmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.B.Toencouragereaderstovaluethelastmomentsofanexperience.C.Toexplainwhylastimpressionsarelasting.D.Toshowtheimportanceofdoingsports.CNotmanydrinkscanofferthehealthbenefitsoftea,thestrengthofcoffee,andthejoyofchocolatelikethissuperbrew,yerbamate.Alongwithsupposedbenefitsofsupportingweightloss,concentration,andbetterdigestion,drinkingyerbamatecontinuestosymbolizecultureandtraditioninSouthAmerica.ConsumedmostlyinArgentina,Uruguay,ParaguayandBrazil—aswellasinSyriaandLebanon—yerbamate(pronouncedMAH-tay)isahot,bitter,caffeinatedteamadebysteepingthedriedleavesoftheyerbamateplant.Containingroughlyasmuchcaffeineascoffee,about80milligramspercup,matehasgainedglobalpopularity—muchsothatbrandslikePerrier,RedBull,andPepsiCohavelaunchedmatedrinks.Butinthelastcoupleofdecades,matestartedexperiencingaboomoutsideofSouthAmerica.KarlaJohan,amatesommelier(侍酒師)fromArgentina,attributesthispartlytofootballplayersfromArgentinaandUruguaybringingthehabittoEurope,wheretheymovedtoplayforlocalteams.Infact,onemightsaythatmateisthe“beverageofchampions”.WhenArgentina’snationalfootballteamtravelledtoQatarinDecember2022toplayandwontheWorldCup,theycarried240kgofyerbamatewiththem.Yerbamate,ofcourse,eventuallymigratedovertotheU.S.andinrecentyearshasbecomeapopularingredientineverythingfromhealthelixirs(保健藥)toenergydrinks.Looseleavescanbepurchasedatmostspecialtygrocerystorestomakethedrinkathome.Andifyouwanttogetthefullyerbamateexperience,youcanevenorderacupfordrinkingmateandbombillaonline,gathersomefriends,andenjoythebeautyoftheSouthAmericanritualforyourself.GlobalmessagingplatformWhatsApprecentlyintroducedamateemoji,whichpointstomate’sgrowingpopularityaspeopleaimforahealthierlifestyle.That’sbecausemate,saidJohan,containsahigherlevelofantioxidantsthangreenteaorredwine,andapowerfulcombinationofvitaminsfromtheclaysoilwhereitgrows.InArgentina,mateiscommon,afaithfulcompanionformattersgreatandsmall.Yet,unlikecoffeeortea,itisnotconsumedincafes:It’swhatyouhaveathomeandatwork,intheparkandonthetrain,duringclassoratthegym.8.Whichofthefollowingisnotthefeatureofyerbamate?A.Itsbitterflavor. B.Itslonghistory.C.Itsingredientofcaffeine. D.Itsfunctionoflosingweight.9.Whatmakesyerbamategloballypopular?A.Itsuniquecoffeetaste.B.Itshealthbenefits.C.Thesupportoffamousfootballplayers.D.Thelaunchofmatedrinksbyfamousbrands.10.WhichisthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutyerbamateaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Itcanbeeasilyaccessible. B.Itcancuresomediseases.C.Itcanbemadeintoenergydrinks. D.Itcanbepurchasedonline.11.Whydopeopleshowpreferenceforyerbamateaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Becauseitisafaithfulcompanion.B.Becauseitcanbeenjoyedeverywhere.C.Becauseitcontainssomebeneficialelements.D.Becauseitisbetterthangreenteaandredwine.DSmartentertainmentischanginghowweengagewithleisure.Bycombiningcutting-edgetechnologieslikeArtificialIntelligence(AI),augmentedreality,andtheinternetofthingswithtraditionalformsofentertainment,thisinnovationisenhancingusers’experiences.In2023,HuaweiintroduceditsVisionSmartTV3,transformingyourhomeintoyourownamusementpark.ThisinnovativetechnologyfeaturesgroundbreakingAIsuper-sensingcamerasandAIvisionchipspoweredbydeeplearningandbigdata.Theseadvancedcomponentsseeandstudyyourmovements,enablingyoutocontrolcharactersthroughyourbodygestures.Socialmediaisbusywithuserssharingtheirexperiencesofplayingmotion-sensinggames,whichrequirereal-lifemovementslikejumpingandsquattinginsteadofsimplyholdingacontroller.TheVisionSmartTVisnotonlycutting-edgebutalsofamily-friendly.Turningonthekidsmodeallowsthescreentomonitorreal-timedata,offeringsuggestionsforadjustingachild’sviewingdistanceandposture.Thisprovidesasafeandcomfortableentertainmentexperiencefortheyoungeraudience.TorieZ,aHuaweiVisionSmartTV3ownerandamotherofa3-year-olddaughter,sharedherexperienceonXiaohongshu.“Thankstothesmartscreen,mychildmaintainsgoodposturewithoutconstantsupervisionbecauseherfavoritecartoonsstopifsheslouches(懶洋洋地坐),”shesaid.Whenshe’sfree,TorieZandherhusbandenjoyexercisingtogetherundertheinstructionsoftheTV.Wecannotonlyplayvideogamesmerelyonthescreens;now,withsmartentertainment,youcangetanimmersiveexperienceofMarioKart,aracingvideogame,putrightintoyourlivingroom.Whileplayingthegame,playerscancontroltheirkartsrunningintheirlivingrooms.Eachkarthasanonboardcameraonit.ThecameracanrecordthelayoutofwheretheyareanduploadittotheNintendosystem.Afterprocessingit,somesettings,likejunglesandsnowylandscapes,arecreatedbasedonthelayoutandshownontheSwitchscreen.So,thingsinyourlivingroom,likethesofaandtable,yourfeetorevenyourcat,canbeapartofyourgame.Stepoutsideandyoucanalsoenjoysmartentertainmentexperiences.ShanghaiDisneyResortusesbigdataanalysistoofferpersonalizedservices.IntheUSandSouthAmerica,VRWorld,thelargestVRclub,givesuserssuperrealgamingandtraveladventures.Lookingforward,cutting-edgetechnologieswillcontinuetochangehowwespendourleisuretime.12.HowdoesHuawei’sVisionSmartTV3improveuserinteractioningamingexperiences?A.Throughtouch-activatedscreens.B.Throughvoice-activatedcommands.C.Throughthought-basedgamingcontrols.D.Throughimmediateresponsestomotiongestures.13.AccordingtoTorieZ,howdoesVisionSmartTV3benefitherchild?A.Bylimitingoverallscreentime.B.Byprovidingexerciseinstructions.C.Byrestrictingaccesstocertaincontent.D.Byofferingreal-timeposturemonitoring.14.WhatcanweknowaboutthevideogameMarioKartaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesettingsarefixedandcan’tbechanged.B.Physicalobjectsintheroomcanbecomepartofthegame.C.PlayerswearVRheadsetsforamoreengagingexperience.D.PlayersinteractwithAIcharactersinthegame.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Havingfuninnewways B.HowtospendourleisuretimeC.Cutting-edgetechnologies D.Innovativevideogames第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmaynotgetenoughphysicalactivitythroughouttheday,especiallysincesittingstillisrequiredorencouragedinmanyjobs,atschool,andinsocialsituations.Butthere’ssomethingyoushouldknow.Beingphysicallyinactiveorsedentary(久坐不動(dòng)的)canincreasehealthrisks.____16____Whatcountsasbeingphysicallyinactive?Whilethereisnostrictdefinitionofwhatcanbeconsideredasedentarylifestyle,researchershaveafewdifferentmeasurestoassesswhatasedentarylifestyleis.Onemeasureisthetimeanindividualspendsseatedorreclining(向后倚靠)duringwakinghours.____17____Someotherresearcherslabelpeopleinactiveorsedentaryiftheytakefewerthan5,000pedometer(計(jì)步器)stepsperday.____18____Intheshortterm,beinginactivecanincreasedepressionoranxiety.Itcanalsoaffectthewaythebodyprocessesfatsandsugarsinthedietandleadtosomeweightgainifyouaren’tburningenoughcalories.Overthelongterm,sedentarylifestylesincreasetheriskofdeathfromcardiovascular(心血管的)disease,diabetes,andcancer.Howcanyoupreventbeinginactive?Healthauthoritiesrecommendexerciseatamediumlevelforeither30minutesadayforfivedaysaweekoratotalof2hoursand30minutesperweek.Walkingisaneasyactivitytoaddtoyourday.____19____Apedometerorfitnessbandcanshowyouwhetheryouaregettingenoughsteps.Manypeopleaimtotake10,000stepsperday,whichindicatesthatyouhavemetyourdailyphysicalactivitygoal.____20____butthevalueofbeingmorephysicallyactiveisworthitforitsmanybenefits.A.Howharmfulisit?B.What’sthedrawbackofsedentarylifestyle?C.Fixingasedentarylifestyletakessomeconsciouseffortatfirst,D.Nowlet’slearnaboutwhetheryoumightbeclassifiedasinactiveorsedentary.E.Simplywalkingmoreordoinghouseholdchorespositivelyimpactshealth,F.Itcanworktobreakupsittingtimeandaddstepshourlythroughouttheday.G.Spendingfourtosixwakinghourssittingorlyingdownisconsideredsedentary.第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asanordinaryseniorschoolstudent,I’vediscoveredawonderfulwayto____21____lifewithapositiveattitude—mydailybicyclerides.Ridingmybikehasbecomemorethanjustafunactivity.It’slikealittle____22____thathastaughtmeimportantlessonsaboutstayingpositive,facingchallengesandbeing____23____.WhenIgetonmybikeandridearoundfamiliarstreets,itfeelslikeI’monasmallquest.It’snotjustaboutreachinga(n)____24____;it’saboutenjoyingtherideitself.Cyclinghasturnedintoakindofteacher,helpingmeunderstandthe____25____ofpracticeandhavingacan-dospirit.OneofthecoolestthingsI’velearnedisaboutnotgivingupwhenthingsgethard.Youknow,whenI’mtryingtopedalupasteephill,it’shard!Butguesswhat?Evenwhenmylegsfeelsupertired,Ikeepgoinganddonotgiveup,tillIreachthe____26____.Lifeiskindoflikethattoo.WhenIhaveachallengingtaskoranyproblemsinmystudies,Irememberthosesteephills.IknowifIkeeptrying,Ican____27____anything.Anotherthingthatcyclinghastaughtmeistobereadyforsurprises.Theroadisn’talways____28____.Sometimestherearebumps,andyouhavetoridearoundthem.Whensomethingiswrongwithmybike,Idonot____29____.Itrytofindasolution.Life’sabitlikethattoo.It’snotalwayseasy,butbeingflexibleandstayingpositivehelpsmerisetothechallengeandhandle_____30_____problems.Themostimportantpart,though,ishowcyclingmakesmefeelhappyand_____31_____.ThewindinmyhairandtherhythmofpedalingmakeseverythingseemOK.It’slikeasecretpower—nomatterwhat’sgoingon,itkeepsmehappy,letsme_____32_____mybatteries,andletsmecomebackfeeling_____33_____.Intheend,mydailybikerideshavebecomemorethanjustawaytogetaround.They’vebecomea(n)_____34_____forhowIwanttolivemylife.Cyclinghasshownmethatbeingpositive,facingchallengeswith_____35_____,andkeepinganoptimisticattitudecanturnthelifejourneyintoafantasticadventure.So,here’stomorebikeridesandmorefun!21.A.estimate B.approach C.guarantee D.challenge22.A.phenomenon B.coincidence C.adventure D.entertainment23.A.flexible B.unique C.traditional D.responsible24.A.cooperation B.dilemma C.crisis D.destination25.A.discovery B.value C.comment D.growth26.A.top B.coast C.stage D.platform27.A.describe B.detect C.remove D.overcome28.A.delicate B.fragile C.smooth D.tough29.A.volunteer B.insist C.pray D.panic30.A.original B.unexpected C.crucial D.natural31.A.useful B.efficient C.carefree D.curious32.A.apply B.recharge C.develop D.recognize33.A.alarmed B.embarrassed C.fresh D.emotional34.A.audience B.passenger C.victim D.guide35.A.determination B.attempt C.comfort D.calmness第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recently,youmayhavenoticedsomenewtrendsinthefashionindustry,from“dopamine(多巴胺)dressing”to“tomatogirl”.Now,itistheperfecttime____36____(try)somethingnewwiththe“Maillardstyle”that’sgettingpopularonsocialmedia.Theterm“Maillard”originallyreferstotheMaillard____37____(react).Thisphenomenoniswell-knowninWesterncuisine.Itdescribesachemicalchangethatproducesflavorchemicalsandbrowninginfoodssuchastoastandsteak,as____38____(note)byBBCScienceFocus.____39____(similar),Maillard-inspiredfashioncreatesclothes____40____showdifferentkindsofbrown,likerichreddish-browns,warmyellow-browns,anddelicateoff-whites(米色).Thismakes____41____easierforpeopletothinkoftherichtastesfoodbrings,____42____(create)pleasantemotionsintheirbrains.____43____(compare)tothebrightcolorsof“dopaminedressing”andthefresh“tomatogirl”look,thedarkearthcolorsthatMaillardstyleusesreflecttheautumnseasonandgivepeoplea____44____(comfort)feeling.Thestylehasalsobecome____45____hitamongmanyfamousbrands.Atfashionshowsshowingofftheirnewautumnproducts,brandslikeMiuMiu,Hermes,andMiucciaPradahaveallpresentedMailard-themedclothesoneafteranother.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分20分)46.假定你們學(xué)校將舉辦以生態(tài)保護(hù)為主題的海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)大賽，請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義發(fā)一份通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.大賽目的；2.作品要求；3.參賽方式。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)為80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnion第二節(jié)選考題(請(qǐng)考生從以下兩題中任選一題作答。多做則按第一題給分。)短文改錯(cuò)題(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)47.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。MynameisJimmy.I’mwritingtorecommendmeasacandidateforthechairmanoftheEnglishdramaclub.EquippingwithfluentEnglishandagoodknowledgeofdrama,IhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithothersinEnglish.IknowexactwhatisexpectedofaleaderoftheclubbutI’mexperiencedincooperating.Inadditionof,I’vebeenworkinginstudentorganizationsforwhile,soI’mquitefamiliartothedailyroutines.Lastbutnotleast,I’menthusiasticaboutdramaandeagertotakeresponsibilityforareliablechairman,contributingtotheprosperofEnglishdrama.ShouldIhavetheopportunitytoservetheclub,Iwillleadittothebestofmyability.短文續(xù)寫題(滿分20分)48.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Shewasseventeenyearsoldandalwaysworeabrightsmile.ThismaynotseemthatunusualexceptthatTinasufferedfromcerebralpalsy,aconditionthatlefthermusclesstiffand,forthemostpart,unmanageable.Becauseshehadtroublespeaking,itwasthisbrightsmilethatreflectedhertruepersonality:Agreatkid.Sheusedawalkermostofthetimetonavigatethroughthecrowdedschoolhallways.Alotoftimespeopledidn’tspeaktoher.Why?Whoknows?Maybeitwasbecauseshelookeddifferentandtherestofthestudentsdidn’tknowhowtoapproachher.Tinausuallybroketheicewithpeopleshemetinthehalls(especiallyboys)withabig“Hi”.TheassignmentwastomemorizethreestanzasofthepoemDon’tQuit.IonlymadetheassignmentworthtenpointssinceIfiguredmostofmystudentswouldn’tdoitanyway.WhenIwasinschoolandateacherassignedten-pointhomework,Iwouldprobablyhaveblownitoff.SoIwasn’texpectingmuchfromtoday’steenagerseither.Tinawasintheclass,andInoticedalookonherfacethatwasdifferentfromthenormalbrightsmile.Thelookwasoneofworry.“Don’tworry,Tina,”Ithoughttomyself,“it’sonlytenpoints.”Thedaytheassignmentcamedue,Iwentthroughmyrosterandmyexpectationsweremet,asonebyoneeachstudentfailedtorecitethepoem.“Sorry,Mr.Krause,”wasthestandardreply.“It’sonlyworthtenpointsanyway...right?”Finally,infrustrationandhalfkidding,Iproclaimedthatthenextpersonwhodidn’trecitethepoemperfectlyhadtodroptothefloorandgivemetenpush-ups.Thiswasaleftoverdisciplinetechniquefrommydaysasaphysicaleducationteacher.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Tomysurprise,Tinawasnext.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whenshefinished,afellowstudentasked,“Tina,whydidyoudothat?It’sonlyworthtenpoints!”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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參考答案第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)【答案】1.B2.C3.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在課堂之外，美國(guó)提供各種各樣的工作機(jī)會(huì)，讓學(xué)生獲得實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，賺取收入并提高他們的技能。文章講述了在美國(guó)上大學(xué)的國(guó)際學(xué)生可以選擇的幾種不同的就業(yè)途徑?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)黑體字下文“On-campusemploymentistypicallylimitedto20hoursperweekduringtheacademicyear,allowingstudentstobalanceworkandstudycommitments.（在學(xué)年期間，校園就業(yè)通常限制為每周20小時(shí)，使學(xué)生能夠平衡工作和學(xué)習(xí)承諾。）”可知，校園就業(yè)通常限制為每周20小時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)黑體字部分中“Internships,whetherpaidorunpaid,arevaluablesteppingstonesthatoftenleadtofull-timeemploymentopportunitiesaftergraduation.（實(shí)習(xí)，無論是帶薪還是無薪，都是畢業(yè)后獲得全職工作機(jī)會(huì)的寶貴墊腳石。）”可知，實(shí)習(xí)是畢業(yè)后獲得全職工作機(jī)會(huì)的寶貴墊腳石，即實(shí)習(xí)對(duì)學(xué)生全職工作提供了機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四個(gè)黑體字部分中“Forstudentspursuingadvanceddegrees,researchassistantshipsprovideauniqueopportunitytoworkcloselywithfacultyoncutting-edgeresearchprojects.Thesepositionsnotonlycontributetoacademicandprofessionalgrowthbutalsoofferfinancialbacking.（對(duì)于追求高級(jí)學(xué)位的學(xué)生，研究助理提供了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的機(jī)會(huì)，與教師密切合作進(jìn)行尖端研究項(xiàng)目。這些職位不僅有助于學(xué)術(shù)和專業(yè)發(fā)展，而且還提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。）”可知，研究助理職位不僅有助于追求高級(jí)學(xué)位的學(xué)生學(xué)術(shù)和專業(yè)發(fā)展，而且還提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。故選D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?.C5.D6.A7.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己高中最后一天的鮮活記憶和堅(jiān)持給女兒講睡前故事的經(jīng)歷講述了“峰終定律”（peak-endrule），它表明我們對(duì)一段經(jīng)歷的判斷很大程度上取決于這段經(jīng)歷的巔峰和結(jié)尾，并建議人們珍惜結(jié)尾?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句中的“because,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules”可知，在這一天，他們不需要遵守學(xué)校里的規(guī)則，由此可推測(cè)出，作者忽略每50分鐘定期響一次的鈴聲時(shí)是感到非常高興的，blissfully意為“高興地”，與happily意思相近。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.(諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者丹尼爾·卡尼曼發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一現(xiàn)象，稱之為峰終定律。這表明，我們對(duì)過去經(jīng)歷的判斷很大程度上是基于其最極端的點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)。)”可知，峰終定律表明，我們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬鲜歉鶕?jù)一段經(jīng)歷最極端的點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)來進(jìn)行判斷的，由此可推測(cè)出，一段經(jīng)歷的巔峰和結(jié)尾最容易被記住。故選D。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhateverstrife(沖突)andstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.(幾年前，當(dāng)我的女兒們還很小，每天晚上都想聽一個(gè)睡前故事時(shí)，我就利用了這條峰終定律。我記得當(dāng)時(shí)我在想，無論那天發(fā)生了什么沖突和壓力，我都能讓最后的時(shí)刻變得重要。我可以平靜地結(jié)束，表現(xiàn)得像一個(gè)幾個(gè)小時(shí)前我還沒能做到的耐心媽媽。)”可知，本段主要講述了作者在生活中運(yùn)用了峰終定律，每天堅(jiān)持給女兒們講睡前故事，無論這一天發(fā)生了什么，她都會(huì)耐心平靜地用故事結(jié)束女兒們的一天。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Doorchestrate(精心安排)endings.AsSeattleSeahawkscoachPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.(一定要精心安排結(jié)尾。正如西雅圖海鷹隊(duì)教練皮特·卡羅爾可能會(huì)說的那樣：強(qiáng)勢(shì)結(jié)尾。最后的印象尤其持久。)”可知，作者引用皮特·卡羅爾的話想要說明結(jié)尾很重要，要精心安排結(jié)尾，目的是鼓勵(lì)讀者珍惜一段經(jīng)歷的最后時(shí)刻。故選B?！敬鸢浮?.B9.C10.B11.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了馬黛茶的特點(diǎn)以及它在世界廣受歡迎的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Notmanydrinkscanofferthehealthbenefitsoftea,thestrengthofcoffee,andthejoyofchocolatelikethissuperbrew,yerbamate.Alongwithsupposedbenefitsofsupportingweightloss,concentration,andbetterdigestion,drinkingyerbamatecontinuestosymbolizecultureandtraditioninSouthAmerica(沒有多少飲料能像這種超級(jí)沖泡的馬黛茶一樣，提供茶的健康益處、咖啡的強(qiáng)度和巧克力的樂趣。在南美洲，喝馬黛茶除了有助于減肥、集中注意力和促進(jìn)消化之外，還象征著文化和傳統(tǒng))”可知，馬黛茶有減肥功效；第二段中“yerbamate(pronouncedMAH-tay)isahot,bitter,caffeinatedteamadebysteepingthedriedleavesoftheyerbamateplant.Containingroughlyasmuchcaffeineascoffee,about80milligramspercup,matehasgainedglobalpopularity(馬黛茶(發(fā)音為MAH-tay)是一種熱、苦、含咖啡因的茶，由馬黛茶植物的干葉子浸泡而成。馬黛茶的咖啡因含量與咖啡差不多，每杯約80毫克，它在全球廣受歡迎)”可知，馬黛茶（yerbamate）味苦，咖啡因含量與咖啡差不多；未提及馬黛茶的歷史悠久，故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butinthelastcoupleofdecades,matestartedexperiencingaboomoutsideofSouthAmerica.KarlaJohan,amatesommelier(侍酒師)fromArgentina,attributesthispartlytofootballplayersfromArgentinaandUruguaybringingthehabittoEurope,wheretheymovedtoplayforlocalteams.Infact,onemightsaythatmateisthe“beverageofchampions”.WhenArgentina’snationalfootballteamtravelledtoQatarinDecember2022toplayandwontheWorldCup,theycarried240kgofyerbamatewiththem.(但在過去的幾十年里，馬黛茶開始在南美以外的地區(qū)蓬勃發(fā)展。來自阿根廷的副侍酒師卡