2024～2025學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一3月夯基考英語考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthemangotraveling?A.Bytaxi.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.2.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfindthework?A.Easy.B.Boring.C.Difficult.3.Whendidtheclassstartyesterday?A.At1:00pm.B.At2:00pm.C.At2:30pm.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Askilledbuilder.B.AGreekdesigner.C.Abeautifulcampus.5.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaclassroom.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredothespeakersintendtogo?C..SanJose.B.NewYork.C.WashingtonD.C..7.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodo?A.MakeaUturn.B.Callthepolice.C.Catchtheflight.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherewasthemanborn?A.InMunich.B.InChicago.C.InLosAngeles.9.Whatdidthemandoshortlyaftergraduatingfromhighschool?A.Hewenttocollege.B.HetraveledtoEurope.C.HereturnedtoWisconsin.10.HowlongdidthemanstayinMunich?A.Abouttwoyears.B.Aboutfiveyears.C.Aboutsevenyears.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。31、Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Apainter.B.Awaitress.C.Asalesperson.12.Whydoesthemanetothewoman?A.Tobuyclothes.B.Tobookatable.C.Toenjoyartworks.13.Whatcolourdoesthemanpick?A.Blue.B.Gray.C.Black.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthewomanremendatfirst?A.Roastbeef.B.Castlesteak.C.Roastchicken.15.Howdoesthemansoundwhenhearingtoday’sspecial?A.Annoyed.B.Confused.C.Interested.16.Whatdoesthemanordertodrink?A.Greentea.B.Peachjuice.C.Blackcoffee.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdoweknowabouttheforestareainthePhilippines?A.Itgrowsrapidly.B.It’sseenasharpdrop.C.Itremainsunchanged.18.WhathappenedrecentlyinthePhilippines?A.Alandslidehitavillage.B.Apowerfulquakestruck.C.Adeadlyfireburnedacity.19.WhydidFilipinosstartcuttingdowntreesagainin2005?A.Fortherisingpopulation.B.Forunexpectedwildfires.C.Forcontinuousheavyrains.20.Whatisthespeaker’sadvice?A.Controlthebirthrate.B.Protectnativeforests.C.Improvethefarmland.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AForanyonewholovesfood,drinkandtravel,Bookalokalisdefinitelyworthlearningaboutwhenplanningyournextdiningexperience.WhatisBookalokal?BookalokalwasstartedinBrusselsin2013andnowhashostsin46countries.Itisaglobalsocialdininggroupthatservesasafunwayforpeopletoconnectthroughfoodanddrinkallaroundtheworld.TheguestsofBookalokalfeaturetravelers,localsorevenpeoplesettlingintoanewcity.ThehostsofBookalokalarethosewhoenjoymeetingnewpeopleandsharingtheirhomesaswellastheirloveforfoodthroughascheduleddiningexperience.Bookalokalalsousesuniquelocationsforgroupdinners,birthdayparties,businessdinners,orreunions!Itsuserscanhosttheirdiningservicesinavarietyofplaces,rangingfromacityapartmentortownhousetoasmallcafé,aslongasthehostownsandrunstheplaceindependently.Ontheotherhand,guestspaybetween$30and$50toexplorethelocalfoodculture,creatinganunforgettableexperience.HowdoesBookalokalwork?Bookalokalallowsyoutosearchforthetypeofhostyouwant,whatkindoffoodyouwantand/ordiningexperienceandbookit—easyasthat!Whenahostdecidestocreateascheduleddiningexperience,theypickadateaswellastheminimumandmaximumnumberofgueststheywanttotreat.Hostsarealsoabletocreateunscheduleddiningexperiences,whichmeansguestscanrequestanexperienceonthedatethatworksbestforthem.Whetheryouareinterestedinafivecoursetastingmenu,orjoininginabeertasting,Bookalokalhasyoucovered.1.WhatistheaimofBookalokal?A.Toexplorethelocalsportsculture. B.Togetpeopleconnectedthroughfood.C.Toenabletouriststobookaroom. D.Tohelphotelstolowerrunningcosts.2.WhichisaruleabouttheplaceforhostingBookalokaldiningservices?A.Ithasroomsforshortbreaks. B.It’ssetnearacityapartment.C.Itallowsgueststoholdaparty. D.It’sownedandrunbythehost.3.WhatcanguestsdowithBookalokal?A.Getgreatdiningexperiences. B.Sharpentheircookingskills.C.Findawellpaidjobinahotel. D.Attendagroupdinnerforfree.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是Bookalokal，一個自2013年起源于布魯塞爾的全球社交餐飲平臺，如何通過美食連接世界?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatisBookalokal?部分中的“Itisaglobalsocialdininggroupthatservesasafunwayforpeopletoconnectthroughfoodanddrinkallaroundtheworld.(它是一個全球社交餐飲團體，為人們提供了一種有趣的方式，通過世界各地的食物和飲品來建立聯(lián)系。)”可知，Bookalokal的主要目標是通過美食連接人們。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatisBookalokal?部分中“Itsuserscanhosttheirdiningservicesinavarietyofplaces,rangingfromacityapartmentortownhousetoasmallcafé,aslongasthehostownsandrunstheplaceindependently.Ontheotherhand,guestspaybetween$30and$50toexplorethelocalfoodculture,creatinganunforgettableexperience.(其用戶可以在多種場所提供餐飲服務(wù)，從城市公寓或聯(lián)排別墅到小型咖啡館，只要這些地方是由主人獨立擁有和經(jīng)營的即可。)”可知，場地需要由主人自己擁有和運營。故選D項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowdoesBookalokalwork?部分中“Bookalokalallowsyoutosearchforthetypeofhostyouwant,whatkindoffoodyouwantand/ordiningexperienceandbookit—easyasthat!(Bookalokal允許您搜索想要的主人類型、想要的食物種類和/或用餐體驗，并進行預(yù)訂——就這么簡單！)”以及最后一段中“Whetheryouareinterestedinafivecoursetastingmenu,orjoininginabeertasting,Bookalokalhasyoucovered.(無論你是對五道菜的品酒菜單感興趣，還是參加啤酒品酒會，Bookalokal都能滿足你。)”可知，通過Bookalokal，客人可以獲得多樣化的、獨特的用餐體驗。故選A項。BI’mmakingdinnerinthekitchenwhenmy2yearoldshoutsformorefood.Then,Ihearloudcrying.Mymiddlesonhashitmyoldest,andnowbotharecallingformeintears.“Whathappenednow?”Ishoutinaloudvoice.“eon,guys!I’mtryingtocookdinner.Whycan’twejustplaynicely?”Iwanttostaycalm,butfail.I’mburningtoshoutateveryoneforeverything.Then,guilt(愧疚)hitsme.They’rejustkids.Iaskthemtotalkandsaysorry.Thiswasmydailylife.Smallthingsmademesoangry.Ishoutedatmykidsfornormalmistakes.Iknewitwaswrong,butIdidn’tknowhowtostop.Luckilyenough,mymumhadtoldmeaboutherrecentexperienceofseeingatherapist(心理咨詢師)toworkthroughbadmemoriesfromherchildhoodandhowshefeltfreerandbetterthanshehadeverbeen.Isigneduptoseethetherapist.Hehelpedmeprocessmypainfulmemories.Thetherapyshowedmethatmyangercamefrommypast.Whenmykidsmisbehaved,Iwasn’tjustreactingtothem—Iwasreactingtooldwounds.MytherapisttoldmethatIhadtolearntonoticewhensomethinginmybodychanged,likeapauseinmybreath,myhandsshakingintheair.ThesesignswarnedmethatIwasabouttolosecontrol.Ilearnedwaystostaycalm,likerockingmyfeetagainstthefloorortakingadeepbreath.Overtime,Ishoutless.Mykidslaughmore.They’remoreateaseandlessscaredthatI’mgoingtogooffonthem.Theyseemmoreconfident,too,andabletoexpresstheirfeelings.I’mstilllearning.Andthat’swhatparenthoodisallabout:improvingovertimeanddoingthebestwecanwithwhatwe’vegot.4.Howdidtheauthorreactatfirstwhenhearingherkidscryingbefore?A.Shefeltasenseofguilt. B.Shegotangryandshouted.C.Shepunishedheroldestkid. D.Shemanagedtostaycalm.5.Whydidtheauthorsignuptoseethetherapist?A.Herkidsaskedhertofollowtheadvice. B.Shecouldtalktohermotherinperson.C.Shebadlyneededajobtofeedafamily. D.Hermotherbenefitedfromthetherapy.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthetherapy?A.Creative. B.Workable. C.Expensive. D.Misleading.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttodeliverinthelastparagraph?A.Parentsmustbestrictwiththeirchildren.B.Teachingkidstoactwellisparents’calling.C.Parenthoodisajourneyoflearningandimproving.D.Cookingmealsisthemostimportanttaskforparents.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為家長在面對孩子日常行為問題時的掙扎、尋求心理咨詢師的幫助、自我成長和改善親子關(guān)系的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Whathappenednow?”Ishoutinaloudvoice.“eon,guys!I’mtryingtocookdinner.Whycan’twejustplaynicely?”(“現(xiàn)在又怎么了？”我大聲喊道，“拜托，孩子們！我正試著做晚餐呢。為什么我們就不能好好玩呢？”)”以及第三段“Iwanttostaycalm,butfail.I’mburningtoshoutateveryoneforeverything.(我想保持冷靜，可還是沒能做到。我氣得想為了這一切沖每個人大喊大叫。)”可知，一開始當作者聽到孩子們哭時，她很生氣并且大聲喊叫。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Luckilyenough,mymumhadtoldmeaboutherrecentexperienceofseeingatherapist(心理咨詢師)toworkthroughbadmemoriesfromherchildhoodandhowshefeltfreerandbetterthanshehadeverbeen.Isigneduptoseethetherapist.(幸運的是，我媽媽跟我講過她最近看心理咨詢師的經(jīng)歷，她通過咨詢來處理童年時期的痛苦回憶，還說自己感覺比以往任何時候都更自由、更好。于是我報名去看了那位心理咨詢師。)”可知，作者報名是因為她媽媽從心理咨詢中受益了。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Overtime,Ishoutless.Mykidslaughmore.They’remoreateaseandlessscaredthatI’mgoingtogooffonthem.Theyseemmoreconfident,too,andabletoexpresstheirfeelings.(隨著時間的推移，我吼叫得少了。我的孩子們歡笑更多了。他們更自在了，也不再那么害怕我會對他們發(fā)脾氣。他們似乎也更自信了，能夠表達自己的情感。)”可知，通過心理咨詢和學(xué)習(xí)的方法，作者控制情緒方面取得了成效，說明作者認為這種治療方法是可行的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“I’mstilllearning.Andthat’swhatparenthoodisallabout:improvingovertimeanddoingthebestwecanwithwhatwe’vegot.(我仍在學(xué)習(xí)。而為人父母就是這樣：隨著時間的推移不斷進步，盡我們所能做到最好。)”可知，作者表明自己仍在學(xué)習(xí)，并且認為為人父母就是要隨著時間不斷進步，盡自己所能做到最好，這傳達出為人父母是一個不斷學(xué)習(xí)和提升的過程。故選C。CIfyou’veeverplayedonasportsteamorbeentogymclass,youprobablyknowthepractice.First,youdosomewarmups.Thenyoustretch(拉伸).Exercisesandactivitiesfollow.Attheendoftheexercise,youdomorestretches.Foryears,coachesandgymteachershavebelievedthatstretchinghelpsathletesperformbetter,andsufferfewerinjuries.Fromthehealthclubtothefootballfield,everywhereyoulook,peoplestretch.Nowresearchsuggeststhatstretchingmaynotdoyourbodyasmuchgoodaspeoplethought.Afterreviewingmorethan350scientificstudies,researchersfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)foundthatstretchingmaynotcutthechanceofinjury.“Thereisnotenoughevidence(證據(jù))toshowthatstretchingiseffective,”saysStephenThacker,directoroftheCDC’sepidemiologyprograminAtlanta,Ga.“Certainathletesstretchallthetime,butthey’retheoneswhoaremorelikelytogethurt.”Thackerpointstoprofessionalbaseballplayersasanexample.Theyalldostretchesbeforeagame.Yetbaseballplayershaveoneofthehighestratesofinjuryinanysport.Tounderstandwhystretchingmaybeabadidea,ithelpstoknowhowmuscles(肌肉)work.Itallstartswithordersfromthebrain.Specialcellscalledneuronscarryelectricalmessagesfromthebrainthroughthenervoussystemtothemusclesyouwanttoactivate.Assoonasthemessagesgettotheirtargets,themusclesreact.Whenyoustretch,youlengthenmusclefibers.Itthentakeslongerformessagesfromthebraintotravelthroughthem.Stretchingbeforeyouexerciseisparticularlyrisky,expertssay.Insteadofstretchingbeforeanactivity,theyremendwarmingupbystartingslowlytogetbloodandoxygenflowingtoyourmuscles.8.Whatisthemonbeliefaboutstretchingamongcoachesandgymteachers?A.Itimprovesperformance. B.Itshouldbeavoidedinmatches.C.Itisonlyusefulforathletes. D.Itmayincreasetheriskofinjuries.9.WhatdoesThackerwanttoexplainbymentioningprofessionalbaseballplayers?A.Thedownsideofstretching. B.ThepurposeoftheCDC’sstudy.C.Thevalueofthegroupgame. D.Thenecessityofdoingwarmups.10.Whatdoexpertsremendforwarmingupbeforeexercise?A.Focusingonyourthoughts. B.Stretchingasmuchaspossible.C.Followingthecoach’sorder. D.Startingwithslowmovements.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowCanWePickanActivity? B.IsWarmingupNecessaryforUs?C.WhyDoAthletesDoStretches? D.DoesStretchingHelpWorkouts?【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了拉伸在運動中的作用及其對運動員表現(xiàn)和受傷風(fēng)險的影響?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Foryears,coachesandgymteachershavebelievedthatstretchinghelpsathletesperformbetter,andsufferfewerinjuries.(多年來，教練和體育老師一直認為拉伸有助于運動員表現(xiàn)得更好，并減少受傷)”可知，教練和體育老師普遍認為拉伸有助于提高表現(xiàn)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thackerpointstoprofessionalbaseballplayersasanexample.Theyalldostretchesbeforeagame.Yetbaseballplayershaveoneofthehighestratesofinjuryinanysport.(Thacker以職業(yè)棒球運動員為例。他們在比賽前都會做拉伸。然而，棒球運動員的受傷率在所有運動中是最高的之一)”可知，Thacker通過職業(yè)棒球運動員的例子來說明拉伸的負面影響。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insteadofstretchingbeforeanactivity,theyremendwarmingupbystartingslowlytogetbloodandoxygenflowingtoyourmuscles.(他們建議在活動前不要拉伸，而是通過緩慢開始熱身來讓血液和氧氣流向肌肉)”可知，專家建議通過緩慢活動開始熱身來讓血液和氧氣流向肌肉。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第三段“Nowresearchsuggeststhatstretchingmaynotdoyourbodyasmuchgoodaspeoplethought.Afterreviewingmorethan350scientificstudies,researchersfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)foundthatstretchingmaynotcutthechanceofinjury.

(現(xiàn)在研究表明，伸展運動對身體的好處可能沒有人們想象的那么多。美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心（CDC）的研究人員在回顧了350多項科學(xué)研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，拉伸運動可能不會減少受傷的機會)”可知，文章主要討論了拉伸是否有助于運動表現(xiàn)和減少受傷風(fēng)險。所以短文的標題為“拉伸運動有助于鍛煉嗎？”。故選D。DIngeneral,sharksareknownforeatingalmostanything.ButinFrenchPolynesia,blacktipreefsharksthateatfoodfromtouristsarenotashealthy,researchersreportinAnimalConservation.Aroundtheworld,touristswhowanttoseesharksintheirnaturalhabitatmaylurethemwithfood.AparticularlypopularlocationforsharkfeedingisMo’orea,asmallislandnearTahiti,wheretouristsgatherinboatstoseethesharksupclose,throwingthemfood.AttheIslandResearchCenterandEnvironmentalObservatoryinMo’orea,JohannMourier,amarinebehavioralecologist,wasstudyingthebehaviorofsharksaroundtheisland.SincetheblacktipreefsharksaroundMo’oreatendtobehomebodies—sometimesspendingtenyearsormoreononereef—Mourierandhisteamwonderedhowsharkslivingatsitesvisitedbygeneroustouristsmightbeinfluencedbyalltheattention.FromMay2008throughMay2011,theteamcaughtandtested117sharksatdifferentlocationsaroundtheisland.Fivelocationswerefeedingsites,while12werenonfeeding.Theresearchersdrewbloodfromthesharksandanalyzed(分析)variousbiochemicals.Mourier’sstudyfoundthatthevolume(體積)ofredbloodcellsandglucose(葡萄糖)—anoverallmeasureofhealthcondition—waslowerforsharksatthefeedingsites.“Thesesharkshaveadecreaseintheglucoseandredbloodcellsintheblood,whichmeansthatthefoodqualitywasworseatfeedingsites,”saysMourier.“Theleftoversofferedbyhumansarelikejunkfood,anddon’tappeartohavegoodqualityasthesharks’normaldiet.”“Thisstudyrepresentsasignificantadvancementinourunderstandingofsharkhealth,”saysMourier.“Theseresultsareparticularlyimportantgiventhatsharkfeedingpracticesareoftenpoorlycontrolled,leadingtonumerouschallenges.”Theresearcherssuggestthatmakingrulesonthetypesoffoodsgiventosharksinplaceswithwidespreadfeedingactivitiesmaybenecessarytoprotectthehealthofthesharks.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ure”inparagraph2mean?A.Save. B.Alarm. C.Attract. D.Escape.13.Whatdidthestudymainlyexplore?A.Whattypesoffoodsharksgenerallyprefer. B.Howtouristfeedingaffectssharks’health.C.WhytouristsrushtoMo’oreatofeedsharks. D.Howlongasharktendstostayinoneplace.14Whatcanweknowaboutthefoodsharksreceivefromtourists?A.Itisharmfultosharks. B.Itgivessharksmoreenergy.C.Itissharks’normaldiet. D.Itmakessharkspickyeaters.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutsharkfeedingpracticesfromthelastparagraph?A.Theymustbetotallystopped. B.Theyhelpsharksavoidhunger.C.Theyneedbettermanagement. D.Theyareparticularlyimportant.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在法屬波利尼西亞，黑鰭礁鯊因食用游客提供的食物而導(dǎo)致健康狀況不佳的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上下文“Aroundtheworld,touristswhowanttoseesharksintheirnaturalhabitatmaylurethemwithfood.AparticularlypopularlocationforsharkfeedingisMo’orea,asmallislandnearTahiti,wheretouristsgatherinboatstoseethesharksupclose,throwingthemfood.(在世界各地，想要在自然棲息地觀賞鯊魚的游客可能會用食物來……它們。一個特別受歡迎的喂鯊地點是大溪地附近的一個小島——莫雷阿島。在那里，游客們乘船聚集在一起，近距離觀賞鯊魚，并向它們投喂食物。)”可知，游客們在莫雷阿島乘船聚集，給鯊魚投喂食物，近距離觀看鯊魚，由此可推測，游客是用食物來吸引鯊魚，這樣才能近距離看到它們?！發(fā)ure”在這里的意思是“吸引”。選項C“attract”，意為“吸引”，與此相符。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ButinFrenchPolynesia,blacktipreefsharksthateatfoodfromtouristsarenotashealthy,researchersreportinAnimalConservation.(但在法屬波利尼西亞，食用游客投喂食物的黑鰭礁鯊身體狀況卻并不健康。)”，第三段“SincetheblacktipreefsharksaroundMo’oreatendtobehomebodies—sometimesspendingtenyearsormoreononereef—Mourierandhisteamwonderedhowsharkslivingatsitesvisitedbygeneroustouristsmightbeinfluencedbyalltheattention.(由于莫雷阿島周圍的黑鰭礁鯊?fù)矚g待在一個地方——有時會在同一處礁石區(qū)域生活十年甚至更久——Mourier和他的團隊想知道，生活在那些受到慷慨游客光顧的地方的鯊魚，會受到這些關(guān)注怎樣的影響。)”再結(jié)合第四段中研究團隊的做法（在不同地點捕獲并檢測鯊魚，分析其血液中的各種生化物質(zhì)）和第五段中提到的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)（投喂點的鯊魚紅細胞數(shù)量和葡萄糖含量較低）可知，該研究主要探索的是游客投喂食物如何影響鯊魚的健康。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段““Thesesharkshaveadecreaseintheglucoseandredbloodcellsintheblood,whichmeansthatthefoodqualitywasworseatfeedingsites,”saysMourier.“Theleftoversofferedbyhumansarelikejunkfood,anddon’tappeartohavegoodqualityasthesharks’normaldiet.”(“這些鯊魚血液中的葡萄糖和紅細胞數(shù)量有所減少，這意味著在投喂點的食物質(zhì)量更差，”Mourier說，“人類提供的殘羹剩飯就像垃圾食品，看起來并不像鯊魚的正常飲食那樣有優(yōu)質(zhì)的營養(yǎng)成分。”)”可知，從游客那里獲取食物的鯊魚血液中的葡萄糖和紅細胞數(shù)量減少，這意味著投喂點的食物質(zhì)量較差，人類提供的殘羹剩飯就像垃圾食品，不如鯊魚的正常飲食質(zhì)量好。由此可推斷出游客給鯊魚的食物對鯊魚是有害的。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Thisstudyrepresentsasignificantadvancementinourunderstandingofsharkhealth,”saysMourier.“Theseresultsareparticularlyimportantgiventhatsharkfeedingpracticesareoftenpoorlycontrolled,leadingtonumerouschallenges.”Theresearcherssuggestthatmakingrulesonthetypesoffoodsgiventosharksinplaceswithwidespreadfeedingactivitiesmaybenecessarytoprotectthehealthofthesharks.(“這項研究在我們對鯊魚健康狀況的理解方面取得了重大進展，”Mourier說，“鑒于鯊魚投喂行為往往缺乏有效管理，引發(fā)了許多問題，這些研究結(jié)果就顯得尤為重要。”研究人員建議，在鯊魚投喂活動普遍的地方，有必要對投喂給鯊魚的食物種類制定相關(guān)規(guī)則，以保護鯊魚的健康。)”可知，鯊魚投喂行為往往缺乏有效管理，引發(fā)了許多問題，研究人員建議在鯊魚投喂活動普遍的地方對投喂給鯊魚的食物種類制定相關(guān)規(guī)則，以保護鯊魚的健康。由此可推斷出鯊魚投喂行為需要更好的管理。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whetheryouwanttostartavegetablegardenormakeyourgardenbigger,youhavechoicestomake.Thefirstdecisionconcernsjusthowyou’llsetupyourgarden.____16____.Tohelpyoustartplanningyourgarden,let’slookatsometechniquesforgrowingvegetablesinanysizespace.____17____Plantingdiroctlyinthegroundisatraditionalway.First,youremovegrassandweeds.Then,youmixpost(堆肥)intothesoiltohelpplantsgrow.Thismethodischeapandneedslesswatering.Butittakesmoreworktomaintain.Weedsgrowquickly,andanimalslikerabbitscaneattheplants.Also,thesoiltakeslongertowarmupinspring.RaisedbedgardeningRaisedbedsareboxesfilledwithsoil.Theywarmupfasterinspringandhavefewerweeds,allowingforextraearlyplanting.Youcanplantmorevegetablesinasmallspace,andthesoilstayssoftbecauseyoudon’tsteponit.However,buildingraisedbedsiscostly.____18____.Strawbale(稻草捆)gardeningInthismethod,plantsgrowinstrawbales.____19____.Perfectforgrowingvegetablesandflowersthatliveonlyoneyear,balescanbeplacedinadriveway,yard,oranysmallplacethatgetslotsofsun.Container(容器)gardening____20____.Theadvantageofthismethodisthatitturnsanysunnyspaceintoaplacetogrowfood.Onthedownside,thereisaninitialcostofcontainers(dependingonthetypesofcontainersyouchoose).Pluscontainersdryoutquickerthangardenbedsinthehotsummersun.Youhavetopayverycloseattentiontowatering.A.StartingyourpersonalgardeningB.TheingroundvegetablegardeningC.ItisquicktosetupandworkswellinsmallspacesD.Andtherightchoicedependsonyourspace,timeandgoalsE.Formanypeople,itsoundsdifficulttofindsomepropercontainersF.Tosavemoney,youcanusewoodorstonestocreatefreeformedbedsG.Theeasiestwaytostartfoodgardeningistouseplantersandothercontainers【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四種不同的園藝種植方法，旨在幫助讀者根據(jù)自己的空間、時間和目標來選擇適合的種植方式?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whetheryouwanttostartavegetablegardenormakeyourgardenbigger,youhavechoicestomake.Thefirstdecisionconcernsjusthowyou’llsetupyourgarden.(無論你是想開辟一個蔬菜園，還是想把現(xiàn)有的菜園擴大，你都需要做出一些選擇。首要的決定與你將如何規(guī)劃你的菜園有關(guān)。)”可知，上文提到要建立花園首先要做決定，即如何建立花園。選項D“Andtherightchoicedependsonyourspace,timeandgoals(而正確的選擇取決于你的空間、時間和目標。)”承接上文，說明正確的選擇取決于空間、時間和目標，符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】空處為小標題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Plantingdirectlyinthegroundisatraditionalway.First,youremovegrassandweeds.Then,youmixpost(堆肥)intothesoiltohelpplantsgrow.Thismethodischeapandneedslesswatering.Butittakesmoreworktomaintain.Weedsgrowquickly,andanimalslikerabbitscaneattheplants.Also,thesoiltakeslongertowarmupinspring.(直接在地里種植是一種傳統(tǒng)的方式。首先，你要清除草和雜草。然后，將堆肥混入土壤中，以幫助植物生長。這種方法成本低，而且需要的澆水量較少。但它需要更多的精力來維護。雜草生長得很快，而且像兔子這樣的動物可能會吃掉這些植物。此外，土壤在春天升溫的時間也會更長。)”可知，這一段介紹的是直接在地里種植蔬菜的方式。選項B“Theingroundvegetablegardening(在地里種植蔬菜園藝)”能概括這一段的內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Raisedbedsareboxesfilledwithsoil.Theywarmupfasterinspringandhavefewerweeds,allowingforextraearlyplanting.Youcanplantmorevegetablesinasmallspace,andthesoilstayssoftbecauseyoudon’tsteponit.However,buildingraisedbedsiscostly.(抬高式苗床是裝滿土壤的箱體。它們在春天升溫更快，雜草也更少，這使得提前種植成為可能。你可以在一個小空間里種植更多的蔬菜，而且由于你不會踩踏土壤，所以土壤能保持松軟。然而，建造抬高式苗床的成本較高。)”可知，本段講的是抬高式苗床園藝，前文提到建造抬高式苗床成本高。選項F“Tosavemoney,youcanusewoodorstonestocreatefreeformedbeds(為了節(jié)省開支，你可以使用木材或石頭來制作不規(guī)則形狀的苗床。)”提到為了省錢，可以用木頭或石頭制作自由形狀的苗床，是針對成本高提出的解決辦法，與前文銜接緊密。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標題“Strawbale(稻草捆)gardening(稻草捆園藝)”和上文“Inthismethod,plantsgrowinstrawbales.(在這種方法中，植物生長在稻草捆里。)”可知，這一段介紹的是稻草捆園藝。選項C“Itisquicktosetupandworkswellinsmallspaces(它搭建起來很快，而且在小空間里效果很好。)”符合稻草捆園藝的特點，與前文“plantsgrowinstrawbales(植物生長在稻草捆里)”以及下文“Perfectforgrowingvegetablesandflowersthatliveonlyoneyear,balescanbeplacedinadriveway,yard,oranysmallplacethatgetslotsofsun.(稻草捆非常適合種植一年生的蔬菜和花卉，可以放置在車道、院子或任何能獲得充足陽光的小地方。)”相呼應(yīng)。故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)小標題“Container(容器)gardening(容器園藝)”可知，本段講的是容器園藝。選項G“Theeasiestwaytostartfoodgardeningistouseplantersandothercontainers(開始種植食用植物最簡單的方法是使用花盆和其他容器。)”符合這一段的主題，引出下文對容器園藝優(yōu)缺點“Theadvantageofthismethodisthatitturnsanysunnyspaceintoaplacetogrowfood.Onthedownside,thereisaninitialcostofcontainers(dependingonthetypesofcontainersyouchoose).Pluscontainersdryoutquickerthangardenbedsinthehotsummersun.(這種方法的優(yōu)點是它能把任何有陽光的空間變成一個種植食物的地方。不利的一面是，一開始需要購買容器（這取決于你選擇的容器類型），會有一定的成本。另外，在炎熱的夏日陽光下，容器里的土壤比花園苗床里的土壤干得更快。)”的介紹。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Movingtoanewhomecanbringmixedemotions.ForBrunoSilvaandhisfamily,theirrecentmovetoKansasCityturnedouttobea____21____experience.Thefamilywere____22____tomovefromasmallstarterhometoalargerhouseinanotherneighborhood.Althoughmovingisoftenstressful,what____23____themmostwasthekindnessoftheir____24____neighbors.“Threeneighborscametoourdoorto____25____themselves,”Brunosaid.“Oneeven____26____agiftandaholidaycard.”Butthemosttouching____27____camewhenhefoundahandwrittennotefromaneighborhehadnevermet.Thenote,writtenonthebackofaChristmascard,read:“Weletotheneighborhood.Wehaven’tmetyet,butyoucan____28____ourdooranytimeifyouneedhelporjustwanttovisit.”ThisleftBrunoasenseof____29____.Hesharedthenoteonline,which_____30_____avarietyofresponses.Many_____31_____thekindnessofhisneighbors.Onemented,“Thisishowyou_____32_____youhavegreatneighbors,andthat’sworththe_____33_____!”Brunohopedthe_____34_____wouldinspireothers.“Ihadnoideawhattoexpectfromtheneighborhood,buteveryonehasmademyfamilyfeelso_____35_____,”hesaid.21.A.heartwarming B.hairraising C.farseeing D.lifesaving22.A.nervous B.unwilling C.unable D.excited23.A.tested B.stressed C.surprised D.limited24.A.old B.new C.young D.familiar25.A.honour B.remind C.introduce D.follow26.A.sold B.brought C.recovered D.designed27.A.moment B.article C.report D.opinion28.A.menton B.focuson C.lookat D.knockat29.A.style B.humour C.belonging D.emptiness30.A.explained B.prevented C.lost D.drew31.A.praised B.ignored C.questioned D.ensured32.A.guess B.reply C.know D.require33.A.move B.date C.media D.offer34.A.safety B.story C.game D.house35.A.noisy B.strange C.tired D.wele【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.D31.A32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BrunoSilva和他的家人搬到堪薩斯城后，鄰居們的友善行為給他們帶來的溫暖和感動?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于BrunoSilva和他的家人來說，他們最近搬到堪薩斯城的經(jīng)歷是暖心的。A.heartwarming暖心的；B.hairraising令人毛骨悚然的；C.farseeing有遠見的；D.lifesaving救命的。根據(jù)下文“Butthemosttouching____7____camewhenhefoundahandwrittennotefromaneighborhehadnevermet.Thenote,writtenonthebackofaChristmascard,read:“Weletotheneighborhood.Wehaven’tmetyet,butyoucan____8____ourdooranytimeifyouneedhelporjustwanttovisit.””可推知，這次搬家經(jīng)歷是暖心的。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一家人很興奮地從一個小的起步房搬到另一個社區(qū)的更大的房子。A.nervous緊張的；B.unwilling不情愿的；C.unable不能的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)“Thetomovefromasmallstarterhometoalargerhouseinanotherneighborhood”以及常識可推知，從一個小的起步房搬到另一個社區(qū)的更大的房子是令人興奮的。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然搬家通常很緊張，但最令他們驚訝的是他們的新鄰居們的友善。A.tested測試；B.stressed強調(diào)；C.surprised使驚訝；D.limited限制。根據(jù)語境及常識可知，剛剛搬到一個新的地方，就得到了鄰居的幫助，這是最讓他們驚訝的。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然搬家通常很緊張，但最令他們驚訝的是他們的新鄰居們的友善。A.old老的；B.new新的；C.young年輕的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)上文“inanotherneighborhood.”可推知，他們是新鄰居。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“三位鄰居來到我們家門口介紹自己，”Bruno說。A.honour尊敬；B.remind提醒；C.introduce介紹；D.follow跟隨。根據(jù)上文“Threeneighborscametoourdoor”及下文“themselves,”可知，三位鄰居來到他們家來介紹自己。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個人甚至帶來了一份禮物和一張節(jié)日卡片。A.sold賣；B.brought帶來；C.recovered恢復(fù)；D.designed設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“agiftandaholidaycard.”可推知，其中的一個鄰居帶來了禮物和卡片。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最感人的時刻是他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張從未見過的鄰居手寫的便條。A.moment時刻；B.article文章；C.report報告；D.opinion意見。根據(jù)下文“whenhefoundahandwrittennotefromaneighborhe