Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.agonyn. 痛楚,苦難2.steamn. 蒸汽,水蒸氣3.lipn. (嘴)唇4.strategyn. 計謀,策略;行動計劃5.boxingn. 拳擊(運動)6.tangledadj. 糾結(jié)的;復(fù)雜的7.webn. 蜘蛛網(wǎng);錯綜復(fù)雜的事物8.weavev. 編,織9.deceivev. 欺騙10.lattern. 后者11.moreoveradv. 此外,而且Ⅱ.核心單詞1.asenseofduty 責任感2.corevalues 核心價值3.ensurethebestexperience 確保最佳體驗4.befrankwithyou 坦白跟你講5.liveapartfromeachother 彼此分開住6.pushthefence 猛推柵欄Ⅲ.一詞多義1.sinkv.使(船)沉沒;下沉,下降;坐下;(心情)沮喪,(情緒)低落n.洗滌槽,水槽①makedocksink使碼頭下沉②sinktothebottomofthesea沉入海底③sinkintoanarmchair坐到扶手椅上④maketheirheartssink使他們情緒低落⑤placeabowlbythesink把碗放在水槽旁邊2.signaln.信號;暗號;標志v.發(fā)信號,示意;標志①sendasignal發(fā)信號②signalaclearchange標志著明顯的變化③signalustostop示意我們停下④asignalofsocietyprogress社會進步的標志3.tearn.眼淚,淚水v.撕破①befilledwithtears噙滿淚水②teartheletterintwo把信撕成兩半Ⅳ.派生單詞1.looseadj.說話隨便(輕率)的;松散的;控制不嚴的loosenv. 放松,松開,變松,松散2.faultn. 責任,過錯faultyadj. 有故障的,有缺陷的3.resolvev. 解決(問題、困難)resolutionn. (問題、分歧等的)解決,消除4.breathn. 一口氣breathev. 呼吸breathlessadj. 氣喘吁吁的5.concernn. 憂慮,擔心concernedadj. 擔心的concerningprep. 關(guān)于,涉及6.annoyedadj. 惱怒的,煩惱的annoyv. 使煩惱annoyingadj. 使人煩惱的annoyancen. 煩惱7.adjustv. 適應(yīng),(使)習慣;調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)adjustmentn. 調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)8.accidentn. 意外事件,偶然因素accidentaladj. 偶然的accidentallyadv. 偶然地9.complexityn. 復(fù)雜性,錯綜復(fù)雜complexadj. 復(fù)雜的10.forgivev. 原諒,寬恕forgivenessn. 原諒,寬恕11.criticisev. 批評,指責criticn. 批評家,評論員criticaladj. 批判的,愛挑剔的;極其重要的criticismn. 批評;評論12.embarrassmentn. 尷尬,難為情embarrassv. 使尷尬;使難堪embarrassingadj. 令人尷尬的;令人難堪的embarrassedadj. 尷尬的;難堪的;困窘的13.justifyv. 證明(別人認為不合理的事)有道理;為……辯護justadj. 公正的justicen. 公正14.independentadj. 獨立的dependv. 依靠;依賴dependentadj. 依賴的;依靠的independencen. 獨立Ⅴ.短語詞塊1.helpout 幫一把2.letdown 使失望,辜負3.apologisetosb 向某人道歉4.moveon 前進;離開5.takeabreath 吸一口氣6.calmdown 冷靜;(使)平靜下來7.settledown 定居下來,過安定的生活8.tellalie 說謊9.inamess 陷入困境;混亂,雜亂10.byaccident 偶然,意外地11.beangrywithsb 生某人的氣12.besuretodosth 一定做某事13.letoffsteam 發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒14.looselipssinkships 禍從口出15.pullone’sweight 做好分內(nèi)事,盡責Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Annewasshockedbythedecisionanddidnotknowwhattodo.(疑問詞+動詞不定式)安妮對這個決定感到震驚,不知道做什么。2.ItisbelievedthatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQ(intelligencequotient)inpeople’slives.(Itis+過去分詞+that...)人們相信,在人們的生活中情商的作用甚至比智商更重要。3.Perhapsthemealyousaidwas“delicious”willbeservedeverytimeyouvisit.(everytime引導時間狀語從句)也許被你評價為“很好吃”的菜肴會在你每次到訪時都出現(xiàn)在餐桌上。4.Embarrassedandashamed,Ican’tconcentrateonanything.(心理描寫)我既尷尬又羞愧,做什么事都無法集中精力。5.Itisunderstandableinthatsituation,butweshouldalwaysthinkbeforewespeak.(建議信)這在那種情況下可以理解,但我們在說話前總應(yīng)該先想清楚。?構(gòu)詞法日積月累動詞后綴“-fy”表示使動,意指使某物成為某種狀態(tài)或?qū)δ澄镞M行某種操作,使其發(fā)生某種變化。①justify證明(別人認為不合理的事)有道理;為……辯護②beautify美化③simplify簡化 ④diversify使多樣化⑤identify識別,鑒別 ⑥satisfy使?jié)M意StepOne寫一寫Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.bedrivenbysteam由蒸汽驅(qū)動2.bitehislips咬他的嘴唇3.strategiesforreadingtheoriginal閱讀原著的策略4.aboxingchampion拳擊冠軍5.weavewebs織網(wǎng)6.deceiveothers欺騙別人Ⅱ.核心單詞1.dutyn.職責,義務(wù);責任2.coreadj.核心的(課程、團體等)3.ensurev.確保,保證4.frankadj.坦率的,坦誠的,直言不諱的5.apartadv.分離,分開6.fencen.柵欄,圍欄,籬笆Ⅲ.派生單詞1.looseadj.說話隨便(輕率)的;松散的,控制不嚴的→loosenv.放松,松開,變松,松散2.faultn.責任,過錯→faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的3.breathn.一口氣→breathev.呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的4.concernn.憂慮,擔心→concernedadj.擔心的→concerningprep.關(guān)于,涉及5.annoyv.使煩惱→annoyedadj.惱怒的,煩惱的→annoyingadj.使人煩惱的→annoyancen.煩惱

6.adjustv.適應(yīng),(使)習慣;調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)→adjustmentn.調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)7.forgivev.原諒,寬恕→forgivenessn.原諒,寬恕8.criticn.批評家,評論員→criticaladj.批判的,愛挑剔的;極其重要的→criticisev.批評,指責→criticismn.批評;評論9.embarrassv.使尷尬;使難堪→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的;令人難堪的→embarrassedadj.尷尬的;難堪的;困窘的→embarrassmentn.尷尬,難為情10.dependv.依靠;依賴→dependentadj.依賴的;依靠的→independentadj.獨立的→independencen.獨立Ⅳ.短語互譯1.letdown使失望,辜負

2.tellalie說謊

3.settledown定居下來,過安定的生活

4.calmdown冷靜;(使)平靜下來

5.inamess陷入困境;混亂,雜亂

6.byaccident偶然,意外地7.helpout幫一把8.looselipssinkships禍從口出9.letoffsteam發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒10.pullone’sweight做好分內(nèi)事,盡責Ⅴ.句式仿寫1.句型公式:疑問詞+動詞不定式Dadcutleftoverboardintostripsandnailedtheminacircleonawoodbase,showingmehowtomaketheroughedgessmooth.(動作鏈)

爸爸把剩下的木板切成條狀,在木頭底座上釘成一個圓圈,向我展示如何把粗糙的邊緣弄光滑。2.句型公式:Itis+過去分詞+that...InChina,itisbelievedthatwhentheChinesecharacter“fu”isputupsidedown,happinessarrives.(傳統(tǒng)文化)

在中國,人們相信當“?！弊值惯^來的時候,幸福就到來了。3.句型公式:everytime引導時間狀語從句Everytimeyoupanic,you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.(建議信)

每當你驚慌失措的時候,你最好深呼吸,試著放松自己。StepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境和首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Havingensuredthatthelittlemonkeywasingoodcondition,weletitgo.

2.Iadvocatethatweshouldstrengthenoursenseofdutytopreserveouroceansfrombeinghurt.3.Thefenceofthebigfarmismadeofpostsjoinedtogetherwithwire.4.Tobefrank,bothofushavethequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI’mconcerned,weshouldtalkwiththemandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)2.Itannoyedhimthathiswifehadspenttoomuchmoneyonherclothes.Formostmen,itwasreallyanannoyingthing.(annoy)3.Yesterday,Iclimbedthemountaintoptobreathethefreshair.AlthoughIbecamebreathlesswhenIwasonthetop,thebreathoffreshairwasworthit.(breath)4.Toourembarrassment,allofushadnomoneytopayforthebill.Inthatembarrassingsituation,allofuswereveryembarrassed.(embarrass)5.Sincethecountrygaineditsindependence,ithasbeenindependentofanypowerfulcountry.(independence)Ⅲ.短語填空byaccident;helpout;letdown;calmdown;inamess1.Theroomwastotallyinamessandmyparentsweremadaboutthemessyroom.

2.Thebestthingsaregottenbyaccident,oftenoutofourexpectation.

3.Ifhemadeapromisetoyou,heneverletyoudown.4.Iknewthatyouwerestruggling,andIjustwantedtohelpout.

5.Theyoungmancarefullyplacedthechickinthenestanditquicklycalmeddown.

Ⅳ.串記練習閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tobefrank,whatletTeddownwas1.thatJohnsometimestoldalietohimandevenletoffsteam.2.Concerned(concern)aboutJohn,Tedthoughtitwashisduty3.tohelp(help)Johnouttobecomea4.better(good)person,sohepointedoutJohn’sshortcomings.ToTed’s5.disappointment(disappoint),JohnmisunderstoodthatTedwasfindingfaultwithhim,6.whichmadehimannoyed.MuchtoTed’sagony,Johnnolongertalkedwithhim.ItseemedasiftheirfriendshipwouldfallapartandTed’sheart7.sank(sink).Resolvingtorepairtheirrelationship,TedapologisedtoJohnandadjustedhisstrategy.Moreover,heexpressedhisopinionsmorepolitelyinsteadofcriticisinghim8.directly(direct).Johntookadeepbreath,9.ensuring(ensure)thathewouldneverlie.10.Withtearsineyes,theyforgaveeachotherandthetwobecamecloserthanbefore.

1.faultn.責任,過錯,過失→faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的佳句背誦Ithinkit’snotmyfault,soI’mwritingtoyouinordertofindawayout.(投訴信)我認為這不是我的錯,所以我寫信給你是為了找到一個解決辦法。findfaultwith對……吹毛求疵;挑毛病beatfault有錯;有責任以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Itisbettertomakeanapology,eventhoughthecompanyisnotatfault.②Lifecanbegreatwhenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.(建議信)

當你不忙著吹毛求疵的時候,生活很美好。2.annoyedadj.惱怒的(angry),煩惱的→annoyv.使……不悅;惹惱→annoyingadj.使人煩惱的→annoyancen.煩惱佳句背誦Heheldhisheadinhishands,greatlyannoyed.他雙手抱頭,非常惱火。(動作+情緒描寫)beannoyedwithsb生某人的氣beannoyedthat... 對……感到生氣toone’sannoyance使某人生氣的是以練促學完成語段ShewasannoyedwiththepeoplewhoweretryingtosellheraTVsetagainandagain.Inheropinion,theirannoyingbehaviourannoyedheralot.Toherannoyance,theydidn’tstopdespitebeingwarned.

她對那些一次次試圖向她出售電視機的人感到惱火。在她看來,他們令人討厭的行為使她非常惱火。讓她惱火的是,警告之后他們也沒有停止。3.forgivev.(forgave,forgiven,forgiving)原諒,寬恕(tolerate);免除→forgivenessn.原諒;寬恕佳句背誦Ginalookedathimwithlove,pattedhisheadandforgavehim.(動作描寫)吉娜深情地看著他,拍拍他的頭,原諒了他。forgivesbsthforgivesbfor(doing)sth原諒某人(做)以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness(forgive).(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)②Hemadeanapologytohisfather,begginghisfathertoforgivehimforhisbadbehavior.

他向父親道歉,懇求父親原諒他的不良行為。(道歉)4.tearn.眼淚;淚水v.(tore,torn,tearing)撕破佳句背誦Hiseyesfilledwithtearsashestaredatmeandnodded.(動作描寫)他盯著我,點了點頭,眼里充滿了淚水。intears流著淚;含著淚burstintotears 突然大哭起來fight/holdbacktears 強忍住淚水tearsthapart撕碎某物以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Unexpectedly,thestrongwindforcedthewatertotearthemapartagain.

②Icouldn’tholdbackmytearswhenthejudgesthoughthighlyofmybeautifulvoice.

當評委們高度評價我優(yōu)美的嗓音時,我忍不住流下了眼淚。(情緒描寫)③Hislastwordwentlikeabullettoherheart.Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespair.(情緒描寫)

他的最后一句話太扎心了。她大哭起來,陷入絕望。5.letdown使失望,辜負佳句背誦IamverynervousandinlowspiritsbecauseIamafraidoflettingmyparentsdown.(心理描寫)因為害怕讓父母失望,我非常緊張,情緒低落。letalone更不用說letgo(of)放開,松手;放棄,摒棄(想法、態(tài)度或控制)letoff寬恕,免除(任務(wù)或義務(wù));使爆炸letout放掉;發(fā)出(叫聲等);泄露;結(jié)束;散場以練促學用let短語填空①Theman’swifeletgoofhishand.Herheaddropped,andhislipsbegantoshake.

②Whenweareletdown,itiswisetohaveapositiveattitude.

③Wehadn’tseenthisspeciesofbirdbefore,letaloneitshabits.

④Thepolarbearletoutonelastroarandthenscamperedoff.

⑤Don’tletofffireworksnearthehouse.It’sdangerous.

片段鞏固用fault;annoyed;forgive;tear;letdown完成“情緒描寫”片段寫作提示:Linda犯錯造成比賽失敗→隊友生氣→害怕隊友因失望、不原諒她而流淚→隊友們過來安慰她又給了她希望Lindarealizeditwasherfaultthatmadethemlostthegame.Herteammateswereannoyedandgavehercoldlooks.Tearswelledupinhereyesasshefearedtheywouldneverforgiveherforlettingthemdown.Butthen,onebyone,theycametocomforther,andshefeltaglimmerofhope.1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.(2023·浙江1月卷)v.下沉,下降②Nanxiangaside,thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)v.撕破③Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(2022·全國乙卷)v.發(fā)出信號2.選出loose的漢語意思A.adj.松的,松動的B.adj.寬松的C.adj.(頭發(fā))松散的,披著的D.adj.不嚴謹?shù)蘑賅earcomfortable,looseclothingtoyourexerciseclass.B②It’sonlyaloosetranslationofthepoem.D③Thenailsinthewallhadworkedloose.A④Herhairwashangingloosetohershoulders.C句型公式:everytime引導時間狀語從句課本原句:Perhapsthemealyousaidwas“delicious”willbeservedeverytimeyouvisit.也許被你評價為“很好吃”的菜肴會在你每次到訪時都出現(xiàn)在餐桌上。佳句背誦Fromthatdayon,everytimeImeetsomeonewhoneedshelp,Ialwaysreachouttothem.(主旨升華)從那天起,每當我遇到需要幫助的人,我總是向他們伸出援手。Tobefrank,IbecameinterestedinmyEnglishteacher’slessonthefirsttimeIattendedherclass.(人物介紹)坦白說,我第一次上英語老師的課時就對她的課感興趣。(1)everytime相當于eachtime,是名詞短語用作從屬連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“每次……的時候”。(2)thefirsttime可用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“第一次……的時候”;forthefirsttime表示“第一次”,獨立作狀語,不引導從句。以練促學單句寫作/一句多譯①EverytimeIcomeupagainstdifficulties,healwaysappearsatmysideintime.

每次我遇到困難,他總能及時出現(xiàn)在我身邊。②當她被襲擊后第一次試圖站起來時,她感到頭暈?zāi)垦?摔倒了。(動作描寫)→Whenshetriedtostandupforthefirsttimesincebeingattacked,shefeltdizzyandfell.(forthefirsttime)

→Thefirsttimeshetriedtostandupsincebeingattacked,shefeltdizzyandfell.(thefirsttime)

維度一核心知識運用1.WhenIdecidedtopursueapostgraduatedegree,Iwantedtodevelopanovelresearchprogrammeandquicklyestablishmyselfasanindependent(independence)scientist.(2024·北京卷)2.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment(adjust).(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)3.Sittingonabranch,heinchedtowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.(2023·浙江1月卷)4.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoying(annoy)situations.(2023·全國甲卷)5.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassing(embarrass)mistakeatarestaurant.(2022·全國甲卷)6.Muchtomydelight,sheforgave(forgive)meandlaterwebecamebestfriends.7.Shewould,withaflushinherface,criticiseusfornotstudyinghard.8.Whenaquarrelhappensinafamily,itisveryhardtosaywhoisatfault.9.Shehadherfingercutbyasharpknifebyaccidentwhileshewascuttingpotatoes.10.Iwasastonishedbythesizeandcomplexity(complex)oftheproblem.維度二單句寫作1.Somepracticalsuggestionswillbeofferedonhowtoprepareourselvesforourfuturejobsandstandoutfromthecrowdinthejobmarket.(疑問詞+動詞不定式)

就如何為我們未來的工作做好準備并在就業(yè)市場中脫穎而出,我們將提供一些實用的建議。2.It’ssaidthatthepersonallifeofLiBaiwillbetalkedaboutduringthelectureandsomeofhisfamousworkswillbeappreciated.(Itis+過去分詞+that...)

據(jù)說,講座將談?wù)摾畎椎膫€人生活,并欣賞他的一些著名作品。3.EverytimeIaskedhimforadvice,hewouldrespondto/makearesponsetomeimmediately.(everytime引導時間狀語從句)

每當我向他尋求建議時,他總是立即給我回復(fù)。4.Designedtoenhancestudents’languageproficiency,ourEnglishcurriculumcoversawiderangeoftopics.(動詞-ed形式作狀語)

為了提高學生的語言熟練度,我們的英語課程涵蓋了廣泛的主題。5.Scheduledtobeheldnextmonth,ourEnglishdramaactivitywelcomesyourregistrationandthedeadlineisnextFriday.(動詞-ed形式作狀語)

我們的英語戲劇活動定于下個月舉行,歡迎您的報名,截止日期為下周五。維度三單元知識拾遺Theyhadafierceargumentandthingsseemedto1.sinkintoahopelesssituation.Butthen,2.beingfrankwitheachother,theybeganto3.resolvetheirdifferences.They4.adjustedtheirexpectationsandmadepromisestochange.5.Toensureabetterfuture,theyhuggedandknewtheirrelationshipwouldgrowstronger.

他們進行了激烈的爭論,事情似乎陷入了絕望的境地。但后來,他們彼此坦誠相待,開始解決他們的分歧。他們調(diào)整了他們的期望,并承諾做出改變。為了確保一個更好的未來,他們擁抱在一起,知道他們的關(guān)系會變得更加牢固。Ⅰ.話題下的應(yīng)用文專練(建議信——適應(yīng)新環(huán)境)假定你是李華,你的美國朋友Peter來信,說他難以適應(yīng)新的學校生活,為此寫信向你尋求建議。請你根據(jù)以下提示,用英語給Peter寫一封建議信。內(nèi)容包括:(1)表示理解;(2)具體建議;(3)表達祝愿。根據(jù)提示,利用本單元所學知識翻譯句子第一步字斟句酌優(yōu)化表達①聽說你很難適應(yīng)新生活,我很難過。(it作形式主語,adjust)Iamsorrytohearitisdifficultforyoutoadjustyourselftothenewlife.

②我想給你一些建議,我認為不會讓你失望的。(letsbdown)Iwouldliketooffersomeadvicetoyou,whichIthinkwon’tletyoudown.

③努力工作。做好分內(nèi)的事是你的責任。(it作形式主語,duty,pullone’sweight)Workhard.Itisyourdutytopullyourweight.

④在工作的時候,試著比以前更獨立。(independent)Trytobemoreindependentthanbeforewhileyouareatwork.

⑤要樂于助人,友好待人。關(guān)心他人對你來說很重要。(concern)Behelpfulandfriendly.Itisimportantforyoutoshowconcernforothers.

⑥當他們有困難時,你最好設(shè)法幫助他們。(helpout)Whenthey’reintrouble,you’dbettertrytohelpthemout.

⑦永遠記住,禍從口出。(looselipssinkships)Alwayskeepinmindthatlooselipssinkships.

⑧如果你無意中說了讓別人生氣的話,你必須向他們道歉,并盡快請求他們原諒你。(annoyed,byaccident,apologiseto,forgive)Ifyousaysomethingthatmakesothersannoyedbyaccident,youmustapologisetothemandaskthemtoforgiveyouassoonaspossible.

第二步恰當過渡完美成文(使用恰當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞連句成篇)DearPeter,Iamsorrytohearitisdifficultforyoutoadjustyourselftothenewlife.Iwouldliketooffersomeadvicetoyou,whichIthinkwon’tletyoudown.Firstly,workhard.Itisyourdutytopullyourweight.Trytobemoreindependentthanbeforewhileyouareatwork.Secondly,behelpfulandfriendly.Itisimportantforyoutoshowconcernforothers.Whenthey’reintrouble,you’dbettertrytohelpthemout.Lastbutnotleast,alwayskeepinmindthatlooselipssinkships.Ifyousaysomethingthatmakesothersannoyedbyaccident,youmustapologisetothemandaskthemtoforgiveyouassoonaspossible.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHuaⅡ.話題下的續(xù)寫能力提升1.續(xù)寫語料積累單詞resolvev.解決(問題、困難)concernn. 憂慮,擔心annoyedadj. 惱怒的,煩惱的accidentn. 意外事件,偶然因素forgivev. 原諒,寬恕criticisev. 批評,指責embarrassmentn. 尷尬,難為情frankadj. 坦率的,坦誠的,直言不諱的tearn. 眼淚,淚水scribblev. 亂涂flushv. 臉紅shamen. 羞愧詞塊letdown使失望,辜負letoffsteam 發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒takeadeepbreath 深吸一口氣靚句1.WhenIcouldn’tanswerthequestions,insteadofleavingthemblank,Iimpulsivelywrotedownrandomanswers.當我回答不上來問題時,我沒有讓它空著,而是沖動地寫下了隨機答案。2.Icouldsensethedisappointmentintheteacher’sgaze,whichfeltlikeasharpthornprickingmyheart.我能感受到老師眼神中的失望,就像一根尖銳的刺扎在我的心上。3.Unabletobeartheguiltanylonger,Imusteredupmycourageandwenttotheteacher.Withmyheadbowedinshame,Iapologizedsincerely.我再也無法忍受這種負罪感了,于是鼓起勇氣去找老師。我羞愧地低下了頭,真誠地道歉。4.Irealizedthatthiswasmyfirststeptowardsgrowth,learningtocorrectmymistakesandmoveforward.我意識到這是我邁向成長的第一步,學會了改正錯誤并繼續(xù)前進。2.場景片段訓練(知錯就改:題目不會作答→胡亂作答→交試卷不敢直視老師的眼睛→老師很失望,成績單得了零分→道歉)Iwascompletelylostatthesequestions,①notknowinghowtofaceMr.Smith(動詞-ing形式作狀語).Mymindracedsharply,butIcouldn’tfindtheanswer.Iswallowedhard,②mythroatsuddenlydry(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)).Iscribbleddownananswer,knowingfullwellitwasashotinthedark.③Whenhandinginmytest(疑問詞+分詞),④barelycouldIlookMr.Smithintheeyes(倒裝),knowingthatthetruthwasnowdramaticallyobvious.

Whenreceivingthereportcard,Iflushedwithshame.Itwas⑤

(not...but...).

Hedidn’tjustteachmeaboutthesubjectmatter,butaboutintegrityandcourageinthefaceofchallenges.Intheend,Iadmittedmyuncertaintyandanxietyandapologizedfornotdoingmybest.⑥

(定語從句+動詞-ing形式短語作狀語).我完全迷失在這些問題中,不知道該如何面對史密斯先生。我的思緒飛快地閃過,但我卻找不到答案。我使勁咽了口唾沫,喉嚨突然發(fā)干。我草草寫下了一個答案,心里很清楚這只是瞎猜的。交試卷時,我?guī)缀醪桓抑币暿访芩瓜壬难劬?因為我知道真相已經(jīng)顯而易見了。拿到成績單時,我羞愧得滿臉通紅。這不僅僅是因為第二題旁邊醒目的零分,更是因為我從史密斯先生的眼神中看到了失望。他不僅教我學科知識,還教我面對挑戰(zhàn)時的正直和勇氣。最后,我承認了自己的不確定和焦慮,并為沒有盡力而為道歉。這是一次艱難的教訓,但我會銘記于心,它對我性格的塑造遠比任何一次考試都重要。課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Thegoalofthisbookistointroducesomeofthecognitive(認知的)prejudiceswehave—andhowmisunderstandingscancloudourjudgmentandaffectthepeoplearoundus.Thisbookalsoguidesusonhowtodoourbesttocorrectthesethinkingtraps.Herearesomeexamples.Thefirstoneisthatwetendtobeoverconfidentinourabilitieswithoutenoughevidence.Thiscanleadus,forexample,tomessupcareer-changingpresentationsbecauseoflackingpreparation,orgreatlyunderestimatethetimewemayspendincompletingtheprojects.Wecancorrectthispropensitybytryingitoutourselves.Thiswillquicklyputanyfeelingsofoverconfidencetorestorfightthistrendbyover-preparingandconsideringpotentialproblemsinadvance.Forexample,ifwe’redecoratingourhomesandhavenoideahowlongitwilltake,talktofriendswhowentthrougharecentcaseorconsultwithafewexpertstounderstandthetimetheprojectcostsandwhatproblemsmayarise.Another,whichcanbedangerous,isthatwearelikelytofocusalotmoreofourattentiononnegativeeventsthanpositiveones.Itexplainswhyafriend’sunenthusiasticreviewofawell-knownmoviemightleadustowatchsomethingelse.Thistendencycanholdusbackfrommakingadecisionaboutsomething,sayabigpurchaselikeahouse,outoffeartherewasonceanegativeeventassociatedwithanotherwisegoodchoice.Thereareseveralsuggestionshere.Initially,whenmakingachoice,stressthepositiveaspectsofouroptions.Sellersusethisapproachallthetime.Forexample,insteadofsayingthebeefcontains11%fat,theylabelitas89%lean(無脂肪的).Thesearebothtrueandaccuratedescriptionsofthesameproductbutdescribingitfromtheoppositecanmakeitamoreattractivechoiceforbuyersconcernedwithfatintake.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章重點闡述了人們存在的認知偏見以及如何糾正這些偏見,從而幫助人們更理性地看待問題和做出決策。1.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingsocialskills. B.Changingthinkingmodes.C.Solvingphysicalproblems. D.Promotingreflectivelearning.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thegoalofthisbookisto...Thisbookalsoguidesusonhowtodoourbesttocorrectthesethinkingtraps.”可知,這本書旨在介紹認知偏見并指導人們糾正思維陷阱,也就是幫助改變思維方式,故選B。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propensity”meaninparagraph3?A.Tradition. B.Over-preparation.C.Collection. D.Tendency.答案D[詞義猜測題。第二段提到“Thefirstoneisthatwetendtobeoverconfidentinourabilitieswithoutenoughevidence.”,這表明我們往往對自身的能力過度自信,這是一種傾向。再結(jié)合第三段中的“Wecancorrectthispropensitybytryingitoutourselves...consideringpotentialproblemsinadvance.”可知,這里的“propensity”指的就是上文提到的這種傾向,所以畫線詞的意思與D項“Tendency(傾向)”最為接近,故選D。]3.Whatistheharmofprejudicesaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Buyinguselessthings.B.Messinguppresentations.C.Missingbigopportunities.D.Avoidingmakingdecisions.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thistendencycanholdus...anotherwisegoodchoice.”可知,偏見會使我們因過于關(guān)注消極事件而不敢做出決策,從而錯失重大機會,故選C。]4.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Analyzingreasons. B.Givingexamples.C.Addingsuggestions. D.Makingcontrasts.答案C[推理判斷題。最后一段開頭提到“Thereareseveralsuggestionshere.”,接著給出了一個做選擇時的建議,因此后續(xù)應(yīng)該會繼續(xù)給出建議,故選C。]考情速遞閱讀理解+讀后續(xù)寫結(jié)合設(shè)題該題問接下來的一段會討論什么,要求同學們根據(jù)所給文章的整體行文脈絡(luò)/最后一段的主旨句/文章最后一句等合理推測接下來的內(nèi)容,考查了同學們的閱讀能力和讀后續(xù)寫能力,對同學們的邏輯推理和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)把握等能力要求較高?！癝ticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverharmme.”Thisisanoldsayingmyfourth-gradeteacheroncetoldme.Igrewupthinkingaslongaspeopledidn’tphysicallyhurteachother,hurtfulwordsweretobetolerated,butIchangedmymindafterreadingLindaO’Connell’sstory,TwoLittleWordswithaBigImpact.Shediscussedtwowords:“and”and“but”,andexplainedhow“but”canbeoneofthemostdestructivewords.ThenIrealizedIhadbeenhurtbytheword“but”,andthatIhadwoundedothers,too,byusingthewordthoughtlessly.Forexample,whenIwasateacherandeditedmystudents’stories,Iwouldalwayssaytheircontentwasgood,butthenIwouldaddcommentssuchas“butyouneedtomakeyourcharactersmorerealistic.”Icouldhavesaid,“Yourcontentisgoodandmakingyourcharactersmorebelievablewillmakeitevenbetter.”Insettingupguidelinesforcommentingonwriters,Irealizeweneedtopraiseeachother,makehelpfulremarks,andthenpraiseeachotheragain,withoutusingtheword“but”.Irememberacollegeprofessorwhosaid,“Thereisnosuchthingasconstructivecriticism.Criticismiscriticism.”Shehasnowpassedon,butherwordsremainwithmealways.Myfourth-gradeteacher’squotewasaimedatwhatshethoughtwasharmlessplaygroundteasing,buteventeasinghurts.Today,wecanreadsadnewsrelatedtomanystorieswherepeoplehavebeenterriblyhurtbyuglywordsandsufferedalot.NowIrealizetheimportanceofthinkingbeforespeaking,eventoavoidseeminglyunimportantwordslike“but”.Sticksandstonesbreakourbones,butthoughtlesswordsalsodoharm.Theycanleavemarksforalifetime.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了作者由自身經(jīng)歷及思考總結(jié)出了“說話前要多思考”的道理。5.Whatchangedtheauthor’sattitudetohurtfulwords?A.Ateacher’sadvice.B.Hispersonalexperience.C.Acollegeprofessor’swords.D.AstorybyLindaO’Connell.答案D[細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“IchangedmymindafterreadingLindaO’Connell’sstory”可知,作者因LindaO’Connell的故事而改變了對傷害性語言的態(tài)度。故選D項。]6.WhatmessagedoestheexampleinParagraph2convey?A.Theauthorused“but”toooften.B.Theauthorcouldtoleratecriticism.C.Themisuseof“but”canhurtothers.D.Realisticcharactersareneededinwriting.答案C[推理判斷題。第二段第一句提到作者意識到,自己曾被“但是”一詞傷害到,而且自己也曾草率地用這個詞傷害到了別人。接下來作者講述了自己在給學生批閱文章時經(jīng)常使用“但是”一詞的經(jīng)歷,所以這一例子是用來說明but一詞的錯誤使用會給他人造成傷害的。故選C項。]7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Honestandwarm-hearted.B.Devotedandcooperative.C.Optimisticandopen-minded.D.Caringandself-reflective.答案D[推理判斷題。由第二、三段以及最后一段中的“NowIrealizetheimportanceofthinkingbeforespeaking”可知,作者從自身經(jīng)歷意識到使用錯誤的語言會對他人造成傷害,以及說話前三思的重要性。由此可見,作者關(guān)心他人且善于自我反思。故選D項。A項“誠實的且熱心的”;B項“忠誠的且配合的”;C項“積極的且思想開明的”;D項“關(guān)心他人的且自我反思的”。]8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsoflearningfrommistakes.B.Thelong-lastingeffectofhurtfulwords.C.Theimportanceofusingwordsthoughtfully.D.Thedifferencebetweenphysicalandemotionalharm.答案C[文章大意題。作者通過自己錯誤使用“但是”一詞的經(jīng)歷,思考并總結(jié)出說話前要深思熟慮的道理,同時告訴人們錯誤的語言也會像“棍子和石頭”一樣帶來傷害。由此可見,文章主要說明了謹慎使用語言的重要性。故選C項。]Isforgivenessagainstourhumannature?Toanswerourquestion,weneedtoaskafurtherquestion:Whatistheessenceofourhumanity?Forthesakeofsimplicity,peopleconsidertwodistinctlydifferentviewsofhumanity.Thefirstviewinvolvesdominanceandpower.Inanearlypaperonthepsychologyofforgiveness,Droll(1984)madetheinterestingclaimthathumans’essentialnatureismoreaggressivethanforgivingallows.Thosewhoforgiveareagainsttheirbasicnature,muchtotheirharm.Inhisopinion,forgiversarecompromisingtheirwell-beingastheyoffermercytoothers,whomightthentakeadvantageofthem.Thesecondviewinvolvesthethemeofcooperation,mutualrespect,andevenloveasthebasisofwhoweareashumans.Researchersfindthattofullygrowashumanbeings,weneedbothtoreceivelovefromandofferlovetoothers.Withoutlove,ourconnectionswithawiderangeofindividualsinourlivescanfallapart.Evencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractions.Forexample,howwellhasslavery(奴隸制)workedasamodeofsocialharmony?Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhatredandtherestorationofharmony.Forgivenesscanbreakthecycleofanger.Atleasttoanextentthepeoplefromwhomyouareestranged(不和的)acceptyourloveandforgivenessandarepreparedtomaketherequiredadjustments.Forgivenesscanhealrelationshipsandreconnectpeople.Asanimportantnote,whenwetakeaclassicalRealismphilosophicalperspective,thatofAristotle,weseethedistinctionbetweenpotentialityandactuality.Wearenotnecessarilybornwiththecapacitytoforgive,butinsteadwiththepotentialtolearnaboutitandtogrowinourabilitytoforgive.Theactualityofforgiving,itsactualappropriationinconflictsituations,developswithpractice.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要從人性的角度講述了兩種關(guān)于原諒的觀點,說明了原諒的風險和好處,并告訴讀者原諒是可以通過訓練提升的。9.WhatisDroll’sideaaboutforgiveness?A.Peopleshouldoffermercytoothers.B.Aggressivepeopleshouldlearntoforgive.C.Forgivenessdependsonthenatureofhumanity.D.Peoplewhoforgivecanhavetheirownwelfareaffected.答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Inhisopinion,forgiversare...takeadvantageofthem.”可知,Droll認為原諒別人的人在寬恕他人的同時也在損害自己的幸福,而被寬恕的人可能會利用他們,故D項正確。A項“人們應(yīng)該寬恕別人”;B項“好斗的人應(yīng)該學會原諒”;C項“原諒取決于人性”;D項“寬恕別人的人會讓自己的幸福受到影響”。]10.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph2illustrate?A.Toforgiveistolove. B.Todominateistoharm.C.Tofightistogrow. D.Togiveistoreceive.答案B[推理判斷題。舉例是為了說明例子前面的觀點或概念。根據(jù)第二段中Forexample前的“Evencommonsensestrongly...harmoniousinteractions.”可知,支配他人的意志并不能促成和諧的互動。由此可以推斷,作者舉奴隸制這個例子是為了說明“支配他人就是傷害他人”,故B項正確。A項“原諒就是愛”;C項“奮斗就是成長”;D項“給予就是接受”。]11.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardforgiveness?A.Favorable. B.Reserved.C.Objective. D.Skeptical.答案A[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“oneoftheoutcomesof...andreconnectpeople”和第四段中的“Wearenotnecessarily...inourabilitytoforgive.”可知,作者認為原諒可以減少仇恨,恢復(fù)和諧,打破憤怒的循環(huán),愈合關(guān)系,將人們再次聯(lián)系在一起,且人們應(yīng)該學習原諒并提升原諒的能力。由此可知,作者對原諒持支持的態(tài)度,故A項正確。B項“保守的”;C項“客觀的”;D項“持懷疑態(tài)度的”。]12.Whatisthemessageofthelastparagraph?A.Forgivenessisinournature.B.Forgivenessgrowswithtime.C.Ittakespracticetoforgive.D.Actualityisbasedonpotentiality.答案C[段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Wearenotnecessarily...developswithpractice.”可知,我們不一定天生就有原諒的能力