第7講Sharing詞匯篇

1.熟練掌握重點(diǎn)單詞及其用法；

能夠熟練運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)短語和句型。

一.重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.adjustvt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合.

［重點(diǎn)用法］

adjustmentn.調(diào)整；修正

adjustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的

adjust(sth./oneself)(tosth.)使適應(yīng);適應(yīng)。

注意：該詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其意思是“適應(yīng)于”，后常跟介詞to。

［典例］

1)IusuallyadjustmywatchbeforeIgotoworkinthemorning.我通常早上上班前校準(zhǔn)我的表.

2)Itseemsthatthenewcomershaveadjustedthemselvesintheschool.

新來的同學(xué)看來適應(yīng)了學(xué)校生活。

3)Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry.

他使自己很快適應(yīng)了這個(gè)國家炎熱的氣候。

4)Thedesksandseatscanbeadjustedtotheheightofanychild.

這些桌子和凳子能被調(diào)整到適合任何孩子的高度。

2.participatevi.參與；參力口；分享

［重點(diǎn)用法］

participantn.參與者，共享者

participateinadiscussion參加討論

participateinprofits分享利潤

participateinsb/ssufferings分擔(dān)某人的痛苦；與某人共患難

［典例］

1)IfonlyIcouldparticipateinyourgoodfortune.要是我能分享你的好運(yùn)就好了

2)Wheningrief,youneedsomefriendstoparticipateinyoursuffering.悲傷時(shí)，你需要朋友幫你分擔(dān)痛

苦。

3.otherwiseadv.用別的方法；其他方面adv&conj.否則；不然'

［重點(diǎn)用法］

andotherwise等等；其他

butotherwise然而在別的方面卻

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orotherwise或相反

［典例］

1)Heisslowbutotherwiseheisagoodworker.他雖慢，但在其他方面卻是個(gè)好工人。

2)Heremindedmeofthat;Ishouldotherwisehaveforgotten.

幸虧他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。

3)Youshouldgonow,otherwiseyoullmissthebus.你現(xiàn)在該走了，否則就趕不上公共汽車了。

4)Hethinksotherwise.他是另外一種想法。

4.arrangementn.安排；排歹!J.

［典例］

1)Hearrangedthebooksontheshelf.他把書架上的書整理了一下。

2)Wehavearrangedaparty.我們準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)晚會(huì)。

3)Arrangedwithhertomeetat8.和她商定8點(diǎn)鐘見面。

［重點(diǎn)用法］

arrangev.安排，排列,協(xié)商

cometoanarrangement談妥；達(dá)成協(xié)議

makearrangementfbr為...做好準(zhǔn)備；為....做好安排

makearrangementwithsb.與(某人)商定或約好，(和某人)達(dá)成協(xié)議；做好準(zhǔn)備；做出安排

5.donatevt.捐贈(zèng)

［重點(diǎn)用法］

donationn.［C］捐贈(zèng)物;n.［U］捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送

donatorn.捐贈(zèng)者

donatesth.(tosb./sth.)捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送(錢、物等)

makeadonation(donations)l

提示：donate雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，常與介詞to搭配，但位于直接賓語前的介詞to不能省略。類似用法

的詞語還有：introducesb.tosb.；explainsth.tosb.等。

［典例］

1)Alltheteachersandschoolmatesdonatebloodtothenationannually.

全校師生每年都向國家獻(xiàn)血。

2)Wouldyouliketomakeadonationtoourcharityappeal?

你愿意響應(yīng)我們慈善團(tuán)體呼吁來捐物嗎？

3)Donationistheactofgivingtoafundorcause.捐贈(zèng)是對某一基金或事業(yè)的贈(zèng)送行為。

6.purchasevt.&n.買；購買;(以某種代價(jià))換得；(經(jīng)過努力)取得，贏得(常與with連用)

［典例］

1)Thenewcouplespentsomemoneyonthepurchaseofthefurniturenecessaryfortheirnewhouse.這對

新婚夫婦花費(fèi)了一些錢購買新房子里必需的家具。

2)Thefarmwassoldattenyears9purchase.這農(nóng)場以相當(dāng)于10年間土地收入的價(jià)錢售出。

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［重點(diǎn)用法］

madeapurchase買件東西

leavesb.tohispurchase讓某人自謀生路

liveonone*spurchase自謀生計(jì),自找活路

purchasefreedomwithblood以血的代價(jià)贏得自由

purchaseandsale買賣

7.distributionn.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)

［重點(diǎn)用法］

distributev.vi.分配；散布

distributesth.To把某物分［配，發(fā)］給…

distributesth.among把某物分［配，發(fā)］給..

［典例］

1)Atpresent,thedistributionofprofitscannotsatisfymostofthepeople.

目前利潤的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人民。

2)Beforetheopeningceremonyofthesuper-market,someworkersaresenttodistributehandbillsonthe

Street.超市開業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。

8.relevantadj.有關(guān)的，相應(yīng)的

［典例］

1)Morerelevantdetailshavebeenfoundout.找到了更多有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)

2)Herefusedtosayanythingnotrelevanttothepresentquestion.他拒絕回答和目前的問題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容。

9.operatev.操作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，開動(dòng)，起作用

［典例］

1)Themedicineoperatedquickly.這藥很快就起作用了。

2)Heisoperatingapatientonthehead.他正在給病人頭部做手術(shù)

3)Hehelpedhisfatherwithoperatingabusiness.他幫他的父親經(jīng)營著一家企業(yè)

二.重點(diǎn)詞組

1.bedyingfbrsth/todosth迫切想要；渴望

［短語歸納］

bethirstyforsth/todosth渴望

［典例］

1)Pmdying/thirstyfbrsomethingtoeat.我極想吃點(diǎn)東西。

2)Sheisdying/thirstytoknowwhereyouhavebeen.她極想知道你去了哪兒。

3)Afteralongdryseasonthetreesaredying/thirstyforwater.經(jīng)過一個(gè)漫長的旱季，樹木迫切需要水分。

2.theotherday幾天前

［典例］

1)Icameacrossmyoldfriendinthestreetintheotherday.我?guī)滋烨霸诮稚吓鲆娨粋€(gè)老朋友。

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2)Iheardofthenewsintheotherday,butIdarednottellyou.

幾天前我就聽說這個(gè)消息了，但不敢告訴你。

3.stickout.伸出,突出，堅(jiān)持到底

［短語歸納］

sticktosth.堅(jiān)持(to是介詞)

stickwithsb/sth繼續(xù)支持某人/某事

提示：stick(stuck,stuck)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

［典例］

1)Don'tstickyourheadoutofthecarwindow..不要把頭伸到車窗外。

2)Stickwithmeandyoullbeallright.有事你來找我就沒問題了。

4.inneed.在困難中；在危急中

［短語歸納］

inneed/wantof需要

theneedforsth.對...的需要

atone'sneed在某人困難時(shí)

satisfy/meetone'sneeds滿足某人的需要

［典例］

1)Afterthelackofwaterforalongtie,cropsareingreatneedofwater.

長時(shí)間缺水后，莊稼急需要水.

2)Asweallknow,everyoneintheworldhasaneedfbraffection.

我們大家都知道，每個(gè)人都有對感情的需要

三.重點(diǎn)句子

1.SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbackto

theirvillagesafterYear8anyway.有時(shí)候，我真想知道化學(xué)對這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中大

多數(shù)學(xué)完八年級以后就回到他們的村莊去了。

［解釋］名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+o件which/whom…引導(dǎo)定語從句

［典例］

1)Shehastwosons,bothofwhomareservinginthearmy.她有兩個(gè)兒子，都在部隊(duì)服役。

2)Todaymymotherboughtseveralshirts,oneofwhichisfbrme.

今天媽媽買了幾件襯衣，其中一件是給我的。

2.YouaskedwhetherTmgettingtoknowanylocalpeople.你問我是否了解當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩铡?/p>

［解釋］getto+喜好/認(rèn)識(shí)，表示漸變的過程。

［典例］

1)IgottorealizehowimportantthehappylifewasasIgrewolder.

隨著年齡的增長，我逐漸意識(shí)到幸福生活的重要性。

2)Igottoliketheflatweweregoingtomovein.我逐漸地喜歡上我們即將搬進(jìn)去的公寓。

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1.(2019湖南長沙高二)Heworeshoesthatlooked30yearsold,toosmallforhisfeet,withholesallover

them,histoesout.

A.StuckB.CameC.WentD.rushed

2.BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,hehisopinion.

A.stuckatB.stucktoC.stoodforD.stuckout

3.(2019黃岡高二下)---rdliketoapplyforthepositionofassistantmanager,sir.

—Whatexperiencedoyouhavethatistothisposition?

A.RelevantB.ConvenientC.SuperiorD.Contrary

4.(2019江蘇蘇州高二下)Asateacheryouhavetoyourmethodtotheneedsofslowerchildren.

A.RecommendB.DistributeC.ReflectD.adjust

5.(2019ill東淄博高二下)Studentsinourschoolareencouragedtomoreactivitiesafterclassinorderto

broadentheirknowledge.

A.AttendB.JoinC.TakepartD.Participatein

基礎(chǔ)演練

一.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)Theyencouragedthetointhesingingperformanceafterthecontest.(participate)

2)Thedoctorareonanofafactorywhogotinjuredwhenamachine,andthe

issaidtolastovertenhours.(operate)

3)Theseatsintheplaneare,andyoucanthemtoacertainangle.Theisnot

difficulttomake,(adjust)

4)Thedrinksweretothembycocacolacompanyandtheyreceivedfromother

companiesaswell,(donate)

5)Ourdepartmentwillbeinchargeoftheconference.Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestions

ontheforit?(arrange)

鞏固提高

二.課文詞匯等填空

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：

Joworkedatabushschool]classroomweremadefrombambooandgrass.There'snoelectricity

orwaterthere.It2thestudentsabouttwohours3(get)totheschool.Johopedtomake

somedifferencetothechildren'slivesbyteachingthem.Theotherday,JovisitedTombe'shome.When

theyarrived4thevillage,Tombe'smotherwho5(work)inthegarden,startedcrying"ieee

ieee,\Tombe'sfatherledthemtohishouse,6lowbamboohutwithgrass7(突出)outofthe

roof,8hecouldonlyseeafewtinplatesandcupsandgreens.ThatnightJoandJennysleptona

9(新近地)madeplatform.Theyleftthevillagethenextmorning10manygoodbyesand

shakingofhands.

1.Thecriminal,aswellassomepeople,wasarrestedbythepoliceyesterday.

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A.RelevantB.SkilledC.ReleasedD.lucky

2.1myuniversityprofessorinthesupermarketnearmyhouse,whichwasoutofmyexpectation.

A.cameoutB.cameacrossC.cameaboutD.camealong

3.Theplanhastobetomeettherealsituation.

A.adjustedB.AdaptedC.ProducedD.refounded

4.Studentsareencouragedtothedesigncompetitionforrobotsattheuniversity.

A.takepartB.OperateC.jointoD.participatein

5.ThemanIyesterdayinthestreetismymanager.

A.paidavisitB.hadatalkC.MetD.dropped

6.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,Chineseastronautswalkinspace.

A.anxioustodoB.eagerforC.aredyingtoD.arelongingto

7.InChineseculture,marriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparentsfortheirchildren.

A.HistoricB.RemoteC.TraditionalD.further

8.AliveprogramonTViscallingonpeopleto______moneyorsomeotherthingstothepeoplewhohave

sufferedfromthefloodinHenanProvince.

A.DonateB.LendC.PutD.pay

9.Hiscarelessdriving_______himhislifelastyear.

A.CostB.SpentC.PaidD.took

10.Doyou______yourfriendsthroughthickandthin?.

A.stickoutB.sticktoC.stickwithD.stick

11.ThemanI_________yesterdayisMr.White

A.paidavisitB.hadatalkC.droppedinD.cameacross

12.Theorganizationisbadly_________ofhands.

A.RelevantB.DonatedC.inneedD.dying

13.Sueisgoodat.singingandhervoicesounds_________.

A.SoftB.SoftlyC.SweetlyD.Well

14.Doyouknowwhentheplanewilltakeoff?Thepassengersare_______toknowit.

A.AgreeingB.DyingC.DecidingD.Desiring

15.Ican'tmeetyouonSunday.Tilbeengaged.

A.AlsoB.JustC.NeverthelessD.otherwise

一.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.InChina,peopleoversixty-fivecanenjoysomeinpublicplacesaslongastheycanprovide

theiridentifications.

A.AdvantagesB.GoodC.PrivilegesD.welfare

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2.Itremainsdoubtfulimmediatemeasurescouldbetakentopreventundergroundwater

pollution.

A.HowB.WhetherC.WhenD.where

3.Makesurethegasisturnedoffafterabath,whichwouldcausedanger.

A.AnyhowB.MeanwhileC.FurthermoreD.otherwise

4.Sufferingfromwar,povertyandillness,manyAfricanchildrenarefood,loveandcare.

A.incaseofB.inchargeofC.infaceofD.inneedof

5.Accordingtoexperts,Chinaneedstoitsone-childfamilyplanningpolicytofightagainsta

worseninggender（'性另U）imbalanceandanagingpopulation.

A.ArrangeB.ApplyC.AdaptD.adjust

6.WhenreadingEnglishnovels,IoftensomeidiomaticexpressionsthatIcan'tunderstand.

A.comeacrossB.gooverC.getacrossD.takeover

7.Themothermanythingstogetherdaughteragoodeducation.

A.PurchasedB.ProducedC.SacrificedD.stored

8.一Shedecidedtothekidney（腎）ofherdyingsontoasickboyinthehospital.

一Sheisagreatmother.

A.AwardB.DonateC.SubscribeD.distribute

9.一Pdliketoapplyforthepositionofassistantmanager,sir.

一Whatexperiencedoyouhavethatisrelevantthisposition?

A.OfB.WithC.AboutD.to

10.Afterhisthirdnovel,Mr.King'simaginationseemedto,sohedecidedtotravelaroundthe

worldtobroadenhishorizons.

A.setupB.pickupC.speedupD.dryup

二.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：335完成時(shí)間：7分鐘難度：****

AbadWorkingMemory（大腦的工作記憶）-thebrain*stemporarystoragebox-mayexplain,new

researchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmany

as10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidina

reportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.

"Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchild'spotential.Manypsychologists

considerworkingmemorytobethenewIQ（智商），becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthe

mostimportantpredictors（預(yù)示物）oflearningability,*saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain'sDurham

University.

Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeople

toholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.

Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofive

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items.Ifsimportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant（不相關(guān)的）informationwillclutter

workingmemory.

Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,which

appearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.

"Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthe

demandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow/saidDr.MelLevine,co-fbunderofAllKindsofMinds,a

nonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.

Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess

（評定）theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacross

Britain.

Levine'sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwith

severalthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworking

memorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.

41.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?

A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.

B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.

C.Itimproveswithuse.

D.Itcancausealackofattention.

42.Accordingtothenewresearch,.

A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized

B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence

C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory

D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.ChangeB.ImproveC.StrengthenD.Confuse

44.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachild1sworkingmemory?

A.Expandingthebrain*sstoragebox.

B.Trainingthememory.

C.Rememberingmorethings.

D.Beingremindedfrequently.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas.

A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachild'sworkingmemory

B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem

C.identifiedtheproblemclearly

D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox

三.讀寫任務(wù)

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閱讀下面一篇一位美國朋友希望找個(gè)中國大學(xué)生作為游伴的博客短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150

詞左右的英語短文。

I*m19-year-old,namedBoobiSmith,ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.Iherebyearnestlyinvitea

Chineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.

Myplan,basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekendwhenthe

summervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming,theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyand

mildtemperature.We*llgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days,andthenwe'llheadforJinggangshan,a

formerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere,wewilltakea

long-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshipto

Shanghai,sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.As

everybodyknows,ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.I*dliketohavealookatits

prosperity,sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisa

must.Alltogether,ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.

Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,and

heorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@).

［寫作內(nèi)容］

假如你叫李華，是一名就讀大學(xué)生。你想和Boobie結(jié)伴同游。你寫一封電子郵件和他聯(lián)系，

談?wù)勀銓@次同游的計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：

1.以約30個(gè)詞概括Boobie的博客短文的要點(diǎn)；

2.然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀銓@次同游計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容包括：

(1)對Boobie這次中國之游的感受；

(2)對Boobie的日程安排、費(fèi)用分擔(dān)情況和相關(guān)要求表示贊同，并說明贊同理由；

(3)你對Boobie來華旅游的祝愿和希望。

［寫作要求］

1.作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用

原文中的句子；郵件的開頭、結(jié)尾已寫好。

2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

［評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)］概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連