專題02閱讀理解（說明文）

高頻話題01航空航天

Passage1

TheTiangongspacestation,thefirstspacestation,isnotjustforChinabutforallhumanity.The

completionofTiangong,expectedbytheendofnextyear,willbeyetanothermilestoneforanambitious

spaceprogram.Theconstructionofthestationisbasedontheexperiencegainedfromitspioneers,

Tiangong-1andTiangong-2.Thefirstmodule（艙）,theTianhecoremodule,waslaunchedon29April2021,

followedbymultiplecrewedanduncrewedmissionsandtwomoremodulestobelaunchedby2022.

AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency（CMSA）,whichoperatesthespacestation,thepurpose

andmissionsofTiangongspacestationarelistedas:breakthroughinkeytechnologiessuchaspermanent

humanoperationsinorbit,long-termautonomousspaceflightofthespacestation,lifesupporttechnology;

developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.

TheTianheCoreCabinModule（CCM）provideslifesupportandlivingquartersforthreecrew

membersandprovidesguidance,navigation（導(dǎo)航）forthestation.Themodulealsoprovidesthestation's

powerandlifesupportsystem.Thestationisequippedwithasmallkitchenforfoodpreparationandthe

first-evermicrowaveoveninthespaceflight,sothatastronautscanalwayshavehotfoodwheneverthey

need.120differenttypesoffood,selectedbasedonastronauts5preference,arestoredaboard.

China?sintentiontobuilditsownspacestationwasamplified（增強的）afterNASArefusedChines

participationinInternationalSpaceStationin2011.On22February2017,CMSAandItalianSpaceAgency

（ASD）signedanagreementtocooperateonlong-termhumanspaceflightactivities.Theagreementholds

importanceduetoItaly9sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflightwithregardtothecreationand

developmentoftheInternationalSpaceStationanditshowsItaly'sincreasedexpectationinChina's

developingspacestationprogram.Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyother

countries.

1.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheTiangongspacestation?

A.Itsconstructionhasbeencompleted

B.Itcanbehelpfultofurtherspaceexploration.

C.ItonlyconductsexperimentsfromChina.

D.Permanenthumanoperationsinorbitisimpossible.

2.Whatdoestheparagraph3tell?

A.Somehigh-techequipmentB.Waystocookfoodinspace.

C.Lifesupportingtechnologies.D.LivingconditionsonCCM

3.WhenareChinastronglydeterminedtobuilditsownspacestation?

A.In2022.B.In2017

C.In2011D.In1949.

4.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?

A.Spacefiction.B.ScienceandTechnology

C.CultureD.Healthanddiet

Passage2

Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings（幼苗）aboardtheTiangongspacestation

andthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong-termspace

missions,expertssaidonMonday.Thisexperimentisthefirsttoproducethecompletelifecycleofthe

plant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithamatureplantproducingnewseeds.

ThebreakthroughwasconductedintheWentianspacelaboratory,whichwaslaunchedintoorbiton

July24,2022.Threeastronautswereconductingtheexperimentsmoothlyandtestingtheplantsaccording

totheplan.

“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,^^saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthat

theexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudy

mutations（變異）.“Theastronautswillkeepmonitoringtheplants,andifitissuccessful,theywillcollect

thenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,shenoted

Thefloweringstageiscrucialforplantreproductivedevelopment."Wewanttoinvestigatehow

microgravitycanaffecttheplantfloweringtimeandwhetheritispossibletousethemicrogravity

environmenttocontroltherelatedprocess,"shesaid.

Sincethe1980s,Chinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateand

producehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallenge

duetothetoughconditionsofspacesuchasmicrogravityandlackofair.

Ricehasbeenamainfoodforastronautssincetheearlydaysofspaceexploration.Freeze-dried

chickenandricewasthemenufortheApollo11mission,whichcarriedthefirsthumanstolandonthe

mooninJuly1969.

“ButifwewanttolandonandexploreMars,bringingfoodfromEarthisnotenoughtoprovidefor

theastronauts9longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindafoodsourceforlongtermspace

explorations,Zhengadded.

1.WhafsthesignificanceofChineserecentspacericeexperiment?

A.Itenableshumanbeingstomovetoanotherplanet.

B.Ithelpspeoplegetabetterideaofthehumanlifecycle.

C.Itinspiresmoreothercountriestodospaceexplorations

D.Itmakesitpossibletocarryoutlong-termspacemissions

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto?

A.Themutation.B.Theexperiment.C.Theexploration.D.Thespacemission.

3.Whyhavecropseedsbeenbroughttospacesincethelastcentury?

A.Topromotegeneticchangesandincreasecropharvest.

B.Tofigureouthowtocreateanearth-likeenvironment.

C.Tostudytheimpactofmicrogravityoncropgrowth.

D.Todevelopnewcropspecieswithstrongabilitytoadapt.

4.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?

A.Amedicalreport.B.Afashionmagazine.

C.Asciencenewspaper.D.Ahistorybook.

Passage3

Followingasuccessfulfirstseasonin2021,thenewestseasonoftalkshowTheAnswerofTime

kickedoffonOctober16.SeasontwoaimstotellthestoryofsixChinesedreamchasersfromvarious

fieldsrangingfromtheaerospaceindustrytodeep-seadiving.

AttheChinaAstronautResearchandTrainingCenterinBeijing,ChineseastronautNieHaisheng,

whotraveledtospacein2005,2013and2021,recalledinfrontofthecamerahisunusualexperienceson

thejob.

OnthemostrecentepisodereleasedonSaturdayonDragonTV,theprograminvitedNietointroduce

hislifeasanastronaut.ViewerswereabletoseenotonlytheeverydaylifeofastronautsonChina'sspace

station,butalsothebreathtakingphotosNietookonthespacestationwhileoverlookingourblueplanet

below.

“ThatbrightspotthereisBeijing.WecouldalsoseethebrightandwhiteHimalayas,aswellas

ChongmingIslandinShanghai,9,Niesaidduringtheshowwhilepointingoutplacesonaphoto.

“MyfavoriteactivitywaslookingformyhometowninHubeiProvince,whichisalongabigcomerof

theYangtzeRiver.^^

Fromstaplestothesidecourses,theastronautalsointroducedthedailyfoodtheyate,suchas

traditionalfusiondessertslikecheeseOsmanthuscakes.

Duringtheshow,hostChenChenexploresthestoriesbehindthelivesofalltheguestsduring

interviews,givingthemtheopportunitytosharethechallengesandsuccessestheyhaveexperiencedin

theirlives.

“ThelasttimeIwenttomyhometownwasaftertheastronautselectionfortheShenzhouNo.12

missionaroundthe10thanniversaryofmymother'sdeath.Whenshewasalive,shedidn'ttalkmuch,but

alwaystoldmetobesomeonewhocouldservethecountry,9,Nierecalledduringtheinterview.

1.Whatistheaimofthesecondseasonof'TheAnswerofTinted

A.TointroducetheastronautNieHaisheng

B.Tointroducetheaerospaceindustry

C.Tointroducedeep-seadiving

D.TointroduceChinesedreamchasers

2.HowmanytimesdidNieHaishengtraveltospace?

A.OnceB.TwiceC.ThreetimesD.Fourtimes

3.PleasechoosetheonethatwasnotmentionedfromthephotostakenbyNie.

A.MountainB.IslandC.RiverD.Lake

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNielikebestonthespacestationinhissparetime?

A.Takingphotos

B.Enjoyingtraditionalfusiondesserts

C.Lookingforhishometownfromthespacestation

D.Appearingontalkshow

高頻話題02環(huán)境污染

Passage1

GreenhousegasemissionswouldriseifallfarmsinEnglandandWaleswentorganic.Thoughthe

emissionsofeachfarmwouldgodown,muchmorefoodwouldhavetobeimported,astheamountthey

wouldproducewoulddecreasegreatly.

“Thekeymessagefrommyperspectiveisthatyoucan*treallyhaveyourcakeandeatit,“says

LaurenceSmith,nowattheRoyalAgriculturalUniversityintheUK,whowaspartoftheteamthatranthe

numbers.Smithisasupporteroforganicfarmingandsays"therearealotofmeritsoftheorganic

approach”,buthisanalysisshowsthatorganicfarminghasdownsidestoo.

Farmingandchangesinlanduse,suchascuttingdownforests,areresponsibleforathirdofall

greenhousegasemissions.Thatmeansreducingfarmingemissionsandthelandneededforfarmingis

requiredtolimitfurtherglobalwarming.

Smithandhiscolleaguesfoundthatemissionsperunitoffoodare,onaverage,20percentlowerfor

organiccropsand4percentlowerfororganicanimalproducts.However,organicharvestsperhectare（公

頃）arealsoloweronaverage.Forwheatandbarley,forinstance,harvestsarejusthalfofthoseof

conventionalfarms.Thismeans1.5timesasmuchlandwouldbeneededtogrowthesameamountofthese

foods.

Theestimatedincreaseinemissionsvariesgreatly,dependingonwheretheextrafarmlandcomes

from.Ifonlyhalfcomesfromturninggrasslandintofarms,theincreasecouldbeaslowas20percent.If

grasslandthatwouldotherwisehavebeenreforestedisturnedintofarmland,emissionscouldnearly

double.

Thisdoesn*tnecessarilymeanpeopleshouldstopeatingorganicproduce,saysSmith.Peoplemight

chooseorganicfoodforotherreasons,suchastoreducetheirpesticideexposure（thoughcontraryto

popularbelief,organicfarmersdousepesticides）orforthesakeofwildlife.

Going100percentorganiccouldalsoharmglobalbiodiversity.Theextralandusedforfarming

wouldmeanthelandavailableforwildlifewouldbesmallerandmorefragmented（碎片化的）.

Smithsaysthebestoptionmaybetousesomeorganicandconventionalfarmingmethodsatthesame

time.

1.Whymaygreenhousegasemissionsincreaseifacountrygoesorganic?

A.Organicfarmstakelongertobuild.

B.Theagriculturaloutputwillincreasegreatly.

C.Theemissionsofeachfarmunitwillincrease.

D.Greaterdemandforimportedfoodwillbecreated.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“merits“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Changes.B.Challenges.C.Advantages.D.Differences.

3.WhatdidSmithandhiscolleaguesfind?

A.Organicharvestsperunitaregreaterthantraditionalharvests.

B.Organicfarmingneedsmorefarmlandtofeedacountry.

C.Globalwarmingcouldbebroughtundercontrol.

D.Landwasnotusedinaresponsibleway.

4.WhatisSmith'sproposal?

A.Stoppingusingpesticides.

B.Eatinglessorganicproduce.

C.Goingbacktotraditionalfarming.

D.Adoptingmixedfarmingmethods.

Passage2

WholesalepricesforgasandelectricityareincreasingsuddenlyacrossEurope,raisingthepossibility

ofincreasesinalready-highutility（公共事業(yè)）billsandfurtherpainforpeoplewhohavetakenafinancial

hitfromCOVID-19.

Governmentsarestrugglingtofindwaystolimitcoststoconsumersasscantnaturalgasreserves

presentyetanotherpotentialproblem,exposingthecontinenttoevenmorepriceincreasesandpossible

shortagesififsacoldwinter.

IntheU.K.,manypeoplewillseetheirgasandelectricitybillsrisenextmonthafterthenation's

energyregulatorapproveda12%priceincreaseforthosewithoutcontractsthatlockinrates.Officialsin

Italyhavewarnedthatpriceswillincreaseby40%forthequarterthatwillbebilledinOctober.

Therearemultiplecausesforthepriceincreases,energyanalystssay,includingtightsuppliesof

naturalgasusedtogenerateelectricity,highercostsforpermitstoreleasecarbondioxideaspartof

Europe9sfightagainstclimatechange,andlesssupplyfromwindinsomecases.

AnalystsatSPGlobalPlattssayelectricitypriceshaverisenduetostrongdemandfromplaces

likedatacentersandelectriccars,butaboveallbecauseoftheriseinthepriceofnaturalgasusedin

generatingplants.Utilitycompanies?exposuretonaturalgaspriceshasincreasedashigh-emissioncoal

plantshavebeenretired,whileutilitiesfacehighercostsforcarbonallowancesrequiredbytheEuropean

Union'semissionstradingsystem,whichisaimedatreducingemissionsofgreenhousegases.

Thetightgasmarketcouldbiteevenmoresharplyifthere'sanunusuallycoldwinter.Thafsbecause

Europeandistributorsdidnotrefillreservesreducedduringlastwinterastheytypicallyhaddonein

summermonths.InMarch2008,whenthefreezenamed"thebeastfromtheeast“hitEurope,industrial

usersintheU.Kgotanoticethattherewasariskofinterruption,althoughitdidn'tcometothat.

CouldEuroperunoutofgas?"TheshortanswerisYes,thisisarealrisk,“saidJamesHuckstepp,an

analystatSPGlobalPlatts.""Storagestocksareatrecordlowsandthereisn'tcurrentlyanyspare

supplycapacitythatisexportableanywhereintheworld.Thelongeransweristhatifshardtopredicthow

itwillplayoutgiventhatEuropehasneverrunoutofgasintwodecadesunderthecurrentdistribution

system.^^

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scant“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Total.B.Additional.C.Limited.D.Regular.

2.Whathasactuallyledtotheriseofelectricityprices?

A.Theclosureofsomecoalplants.

B.Thegreatdemandforelectriccars.

C.Thecompetitionbetweenutilitycompanies.

D.Thechangeintheemissionstradingsystem.

3.Whycouldanunusuallycoldwintermakethegasmarkettighter?

A.Morenaturalgaswillbeneededforindustrialuse.

B.Europeandistributorsdon'tmakegoodpreparations.

C.Itisnoteasytofillreservesduringthecoldweather.

D.Utilitycompaniesworkcanbeeasilyinterrupted.

4.WhatcanwelearnfromJamesHuckstepp'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Europeisexpectedtoseekhelpfromothercountries.

B.ItishardtocontrolthegaspriceinEuropeatpresent.

C.Europemightfaceaseriousshortageofgasinthefuture.

D.There,ssomethingwrongwithEurope5sdistributionsystem.

Passage3

OnAugust8,2021,theUnitedNations'IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)released

itsfirstassessmentofclimatesciencesince2013.Thenewswasnotgood.Thereportstatedthatthispast

decadewasthehottestin125,000yearsandthattheatmosphericcarbonlevelsarethehighestinatleast2

millionyears.Glaciersaremeltingfasterthananytimeinover2,000years,andoceanlevelsarerisingat

twicetheratesince2006.

Atthecurrentpace,theresearchersexpectglobaltemperaturestorisebyatleast1.5°,comparedto

pre-industriallevels,withinthenext20years.Thetemperatureincreaseswillresultinsignificantchanges

totheplanefswatercycle.Areasthatcurrentlyreceivealotofrainwillgetsignificantlymore,whiledry

regionswillbecomeincreasinglylikelytodroughts.

TheIPCC'sfindingscomeasnosurprisetothemillionsofpeopleworldwidecurrentlyfeelingthe

impactsofclimate-relateddisasters.AmericaandmanyEuropeancountriesarebattlingwildfires.

Meanwhile,anunprecedented(史無前例的)week-longstorminJuly2021causedflashfloodsand

mudslidesinWesternEurope.ClimatechangeisevenimpactingtheEarthscoldestandmostremote

regionswhichexperiencedthefirstrainfalleventinrecordedhistory.

Thesituationmaysoundhopeless.However,manyexpertsbelieveitisstillnottoolatetoturnthings

around,ifweallactnow.Whilegovernmentsneedtodotheirsharebyintroducingandobeystricter

carbonemissionlaws,individualscanalsohelp.Drivingless,conservingwater,andreducingelectricity

usagearesomegreatwaystostart.Reduce,ReuseandRecyclewillhelpconservenaturalresourcesand

energy.Itwillalsosaveyouandyourcommunity.Besuretostartdoingyourparttosaveourbeautiful

hometoday!

1.WhydidIPCCreleaseitsfirstassessmentofclimatescience?

A.Toappealtopeopletoreducecarbonlevels.

B.Tostatetheearth5stemperaturehitsarecordhigh.

C.Toinformreadersclimatechangeissevere.

D.Toreportoceanlevelsarerisinghigher.

2.Whatmayleadtogreatchangestotheplanefswatercycle?

A.Theriseofglobaltemperatures.B.Thefastdevelopmentofindustry.

C.Theheavyrainfalloftheearth.D.Theterribledroughtsindryregions.

3.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Effectsofclimatechange.B.Factsofrainfalldisasters.

C.Lossescausedbynaturaldisasters.D.Weatherphenomenainmanyregions.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Fightingagainstclimatechangeisrelativelysimple.

B.Strictercarbonemissionlawshasbeentightenedup.

C.Theauthorisopposedtoconsumingnaturalresources.

D.Theauthorurgesimmediateactiononclimatechange.

高頻話題03人與自然

Passage1

ValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegets

stuckinthemud."Iamreallystuck,9,saystheroadecologystudent,tryingtopullherfeetoutofa

streambedthattravelsthroughtheconcreteculvert（涵洞）ofQuebecRoute117.“Idonotwanttobea

deergoingthroughthat.”

Bolduc'sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.

Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudes（緯度）toremain

withintheirdesirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchas

highways.IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafe

corridors（走廊）forwildlife.

Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.An

outward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytraffic

noise,thetunnel'ssizeorotherfactors.

BolducexplainsthatthishighwayrunningthroughsouthernQuebecseparatesaseriesofCanadian

nationalandregionalparksoneitherside,alongwiththeiranimalpopulations.4<Ifssuperimportant,she

notes,""becausetheanimalswanttomovenorthandtheyencountertheseandthencantheymovethrough?

Willtheygethitbyacar?We'llneedtofigurethatout.Andweneedtohelpthem,atleastIwanttohelp

Afterfinishingfittingtheircamerasonthenorthboundsideofthehighway,Bolducandherteam

decidetheyneedanalternatepathtotheothersidetoavoidanothermisfortuneinthemud."We're

generallytryingtobesafe,^^Bolducsays,"butfortheanimals,thisistheirlifb!”

1.WhatcanwelearnfromBolduc?sexperienceofbeingtrapped?

A.Itisdifficulttofitwildlifecameras.

B.Sheisoutofluckduringtheexploration.

C.Roadconditionsofthehighwayareunexpected.

D.Itisdangerousforwildanimalstocrossthisarea.

2.Whatdotheseanimalsmovetohigherlatitudesfor?

A.Lesstrafficnoise.B.Warmerclimate.C.Safecorridors.

D.Favorableenvironments.

3.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewildlifecameras?

A.Torecordthechangesintrafficflow.B.Tofigureoutdifficultieswildanimalsface.

C.Totrackanimalsinandaroundthetunnels.D.Tophotographthelivingenvironmentofwild

animals.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HighTechProtectsWildlifeB.AnimalMigrationIsunderThreat

C.EcologistsFeartheFutureofWildlifeD.ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate

Passage2

Withthehelpofmoderntechnology,peoplehavekilledupto99percentofcertaintypesofwhales.

Somescientiststhoughtthiswouldcausekrill（磷蝦），tinyshrimp-likeanimalsthatmanywhaleseat,to

explodeinnumber.Butthatdidn'thappen.KrillnumbersinAntarcticwaterswithofwhalehuntinghave

droppedbymorethan80percent.Newresearchsuggestsalackofwhalepoop（糞便）mayexplainthis.A

newstudyfindswhaleseatmorethanwethought.Lotsmorefoodmeanslotsmorepoopthatisrichiniron.

Sowithfewerwhales,ecosystemsgetlessironandothercrucialnutrientsthattheyneedtothrive.That

hurtsotherspecies,includingkrill.

Figuringoutwhaledietsisn'teasy.Inthepast,scientistslookedatthecontentsofdeadwhales'

stomachstoseewhattheyate.Ortheyestimatedhowmuchfoodwhalesshouldneedbasedontheirsize.

However,thenewstudy,ledbyMatthewSavoca,amarinebiologistatStanfordUniversity,usedsome

differenttechniques.Savoca'steamputsensorson321whales.Thesensorstrackedwhenthewhales

huntedforfood.

Usingallthisinformation,thescientistsfoundthatwhaleseataboutthreetimesasmuchfoodas

earlierestimateshadsuggested.Theamountoffoodthatwhaleseatandpoopoutisastonishing.Andit

suggeststhatwhalesplayabiggerroleinshapingoceanecosystemsthanpreviouslythought.

Whalesarenutrientcyclers.Ifwhalesandkrillreturnedtotheirearly1900snumbers,theproductivity

oftheSouthernOceancouldbeboostedby11percent,theresearcherscalculate.Thatincreased

productivitywouldtranslateintomorecarbon-richlife.Together,thosecreatureswouldstore215million

tonsofcarboneachyear.Thecarbonstoredinthosecreatureswouldn'tbeabletoescapeintothe

atmosphereandcontributetoglobalwarming.

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thereasonforkrillnumbersdeclining.B.Thepresentsituationofwhalekilling.

C.Thehelpfromthemodemtechnology.D.Therelationshipbetweenfoodandpoop.

2.Howdidthenewstudyfigureoutwhales9diets?

A.Byreferringtopaststudies.B.Bytrackingwhaleswithsensors.

C.Byobservingwhales'sizes.D.Byexaminingwhales9stomachs.

3.Whatdothescientistsfindingssuggest?

A.Whaleshurtotheroceanspecies.B.Whaleseatasmuchasestimated.

C.Whalesslowoceanproductivity.D.Whalesmattermorethanexpected.

4.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanweprobablyreadthispassage?

A.Opinion.B.Health.C.Nature.D.Business.

Passage3

Bowheadwhalescanlive200yearsorlonger.Howtheydoitisnolongeramongthesecretsofthe

deep.

Scientistshavemappedthegeneticcodeofthislonglivedwhalespecies.Theinternationaleffort

foundunusualfeaturesintheArcticwhale'sgenes.Thosefeatureslikelyprotectthespeciesagainstcancer

andotherproblemsrelatedtooldage.Theresearchershopetheirfindingswillonedaytranslateintoways

tohelppeopletoo.

“Wehopetolearnwhatisthesecretofbowheadwhaleslivinglonger,healthierlives,“saysJoao

PedrudeMagalhes.HeisagerontologistattheUniversityofLiverpoolinEngland.(Gerontologyisthe

scientificstudyofoldage.)Heisalsoaco-authorofthestudythatappearedinCellReports.Histeam

hopes,hesays,thatitsnewfindingsmightonedaybeusedtoimprovehumanhealthandpreservehuman

life.

Noothermammalsareknowntoliveaslongasthebowheadwhales.Scientistshaveshownthatsome

ofthesewhaleshavelivedwellbeyond100一includingonethatsurvivedto216.Forperspective,ifhe

werestillalive,AbrahamLincolnwouldbeturningjust211thisyear.

Dr.Magalhaes5teamwantedtounderstandhowthebowheadcanlivesolong.Tofindoutthis,the

expertsanalyzedtheanimafscompletesetofgenes,calleditsgenome.Thoseinstructionsarecodedinthe

animal'sDNA.Theteamalsocomparedthewhale'sgenometothatofpeople,miceandcows.

Thescientistsdiscovereddifferences,includingmutations,inthewhale5sgenes.Thosechangesare

linkedtocancer,agingandcellgrowth.Theresultssuggestthatthewhalesarebetterthanhumansat

repairingtheirDNA.ThafsimportantbecausedamagedorflawedDNAcanleadtodisease,including

somecancers.

Bowheadwhalesarealsobetteratkeepingabnormallydividingcellsincheck.Together,thechanges

appeartoallowbowheadwhalestolivelongerwithoutdevelopingagerelateddiseasessuchascancer,said

Magalhaes.

1.Whatcanyouknowfromthepassage?

A.Howbowheadwhalesfivesolongisstillamysterytoscientists.

B.Bowheadwhaleslivethelongestamongalltheseaanimals.

C.Mostbowheadwhalescanlivebeyond100.

D.Theresultoftheresearchmaybebeneficialtohumanlifespan.

2.TheexampleofLincolnmainlywantstoindicatethat.

A.LincolndiedonehundredyearsageB.Lincolnshouldhavelivedmuchlonger.

C.thelifetimeofbowheadwhalesisverylong.D.theirstudyunlockedthesecretofLincoln's

death.

3.Thebowheadwhalecanlivesolongmainlybecause.

A.itfaceslittledangerinitslife

B.itsDNAhasastrongabilityofself-repairing

C.ithasacompletesetofgeneticinstructions

D.itslivingenvironmentisbetterthanthatofhumans

4.Theunderlinedword"flawed“istheclosestinmeaningto.

A.DisabledB.ChangedC.MisledD.repaired

5.Thepassagetendstotellthereadersthat.

A.thebowheadistheanimalwhichlivesthelongest

B.scientistshavefoundwaystotreathumans'disease

C.scientistshavenewfindingsinsearchofbowheadwhales

D.bowheadwhalesmayunlockthesecretsofalong,healthylife

優(yōu)選提升題

高頻話題01科學(xué)發(fā)明

Passage1

AnationalengineeringlaboratoryinTianjinisthebaseoftheworld'slargestandmostadvanced

soundsourceidentificationsystemforcommercialuse.Atfirstglance,theequipment,knownasasound

cameraandconsistingofabigwheelwithasupportingstructure,lookslikeaminiFerriswheelthatlacks

seatsandcannotmove.Acloserlookatt